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JPH03107418A - Production of gear - Google Patents

Production of gear

Info

Publication number
JPH03107418A
JPH03107418A JP24376089A JP24376089A JPH03107418A JP H03107418 A JPH03107418 A JP H03107418A JP 24376089 A JP24376089 A JP 24376089A JP 24376089 A JP24376089 A JP 24376089A JP H03107418 A JPH03107418 A JP H03107418A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gear
tooth
shot
surface hardening
hardening treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP24376089A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsunori Hanakawa
勝則 花川
Yoshihisa Miwa
能久 三輪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mazda Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Mazda Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mazda Motor Corp filed Critical Mazda Motor Corp
Priority to JP24376089A priority Critical patent/JPH03107418A/en
Publication of JPH03107418A publication Critical patent/JPH03107418A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily and surely produce the gear having excellent fatigue strength and pitting resistance by subjecting the gear to shot peening which project shot particles of specific particle sizes from the tip side toward the deddendum side prior to a surface hardening treatment after tooth working. CONSTITUTION:A rough shape material obtd. by cutting and forging of a material is subjected to the tooth working and is then subjected to the surface hardening treatment, such as carbonitriding, to obtain the gear 1. The formed teeth 2 are subjected to the shot peening prior to the above-mentioned surface hardening treatment after the tooth working in the above-mentioned process for producing the gear. The shot particle size is specified to a 0.2 to 0.6mm range, The direction for projecting the shot particles is so determined that the particles are directed from the tip side toward the deddendum side approximately along the surface of the teeth 2 as shown by arrow and the shot peening is executed while this direction is move in the tooth lead direction. Tip edges 3, shaving steps 4 and hobbing traces, etc., are removed or are changed to adequate shapes in this way, by which the fatigue strength and pitting resistance of the gear are additionally improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は歯車の製造方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing gears.

(従来の技術) 歯車、例えばトランスミッション用歯車等の製造におい
ては、疲労強度、耐ピツチング性の向上を図るために、
歯加工後に浸炭焼入れや浸炭窒化等の表面硬化処理が行
われ、さらには、それに加えて特開昭60−21842
2号公報に示すように、表面硬化処理後にショットピー
ニングが行われている。
(Prior Art) In the manufacture of gears, such as transmission gears, in order to improve fatigue strength and pitting resistance,
After tooth processing, surface hardening treatments such as carburizing and quenching and carbonitriding are carried out, and in addition,
As shown in Publication No. 2, shot peening is performed after surface hardening treatment.

(発明が解決しようとする問題点) しかしながら、近時、疲労強度、耐ピツチング性をさら
に高めることが求められており、この要請に応えるべ(
、歯車の製造について詳細に調査したところ、表面硬化
処理前の歯加工時において形成される歯先エツジ、シェ
ービング段差、ボブ加工跡等が、装造完了後も残留し、
これらが疲労強度、耐ピツチング性の向上を妨げている
ことがtり明した。
(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in recent years, there has been a need to further improve fatigue strength and pitting resistance.
A detailed investigation into the manufacturing of gears revealed that the tooth tip edges, shaving steps, bobbing marks, etc. that are formed during gear machining before surface hardening treatment remain even after the assembly is completed.
It has been revealed that these impede improvements in fatigue strength and pitting resistance.

すなわち、歯先エツジは、相手歯車の歯面に対して引っ
かき傷を与えたり、高血圧になって異常摩耗を生じたり
、あるいは浸炭部がかけたりしてピッチングを誘発し、
シェービング段差は切欠きどなって曲げ疲労強度を低下
させ、ホブ加工跡は切欠きどなって曲げ疲労強度を低下
させたり、局部的面圧を上昇させることに伴って異常摩
耗を生じさせることが判明した。
In other words, the tooth edge can scratch the tooth surface of the mating gear, cause high blood pressure and cause abnormal wear, or cause pitting due to carburized parts.
It has been found that shaving steps create notches and reduce bending fatigue strength, and hobbing marks create notches that reduce bending fatigue strength and increase local surface pressure, causing abnormal wear. .

これに対する対策として、上述の製造工程中のショット
ピーニングを利用して、投射力、ショット固さを高めて
前記歯先エツジ等を除去すること、あるいは、表面硬化
処理前に研削加工を行うことが考えられる。しかし、前
者の場合には。
As a countermeasure against this, it is possible to use shot peening during the manufacturing process mentioned above to increase the projection force and shot hardness to remove the tooth tip edges, or to perform grinding before surface hardening treatment. Conceivable. But in the former case.

ショツト粒子が割れて生産性の悪化を招くことになり、
また、歯先エツジ等の該当箇所以外の歯面に対してもそ
のショットピーニングが行われ、歯面に対してむしろ強
度的にダメージを与えることに・なる。
This will cause the shot particles to break and lead to a decline in productivity.
In addition, shot peening is also performed on tooth surfaces other than the relevant portions, such as tooth tip edges, and the tooth surfaces are more seriously damaged.

また、後者の場合には、南東形状は複雑であり、研摩を
行うことは非常に困難であって現実的ではない。
Furthermore, in the latter case, the southeastern shape is complex and polishing is extremely difficult and impractical.

本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は
、歯車の疲労強度及び耐ピツチング性を簡単且つ確実に
、より一層向上させることにある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to further improve the fatigue strength and pitting resistance of gears simply and reliably.

(問題を解決するための手段、作用) かかる目的を達成するために本発明にあっては、歯加工
を行った後、表面硬化処理を行う歯車の製造方法におい
て、前記歯加工後であって前記表面硬化処理前に、歯に
対して、ショット粒子径を0.2〜0.6mmの範囲と
すると共に、ショット粒子投射方向を歯面に略沿って歯
先側から歯元側に向かうようにしてショットピーニング
を行う、構成としである。
(Means and effects for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a gear in which a surface hardening treatment is performed after tooth processing. Before the surface hardening treatment, the shot particle diameter is set to a range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm on the tooth, and the shot particle projection direction is directed from the tooth tip side to the tooth root side approximately along the tooth surface. This is the configuration in which shot peening is performed.

上述の構成により、歯加工後であって表面硬化処理前に
0.2〜0.6mmのショット粒子径をもってショット
ピーニングを行うことから、表面硬化処理後のものに比
べて柔い状態のものに対して適切な条件のショットピー
ニングが行われることになり、比較的小さい加工力で的
確に、歯先エツジ、シェービング段差、ホブ加工跡を除
去し、或いは適切な形状に変化させることができること
になる。ここで、ショット粒子径を0.2〜0.6mm
の範囲に設定したのは、より具体的に述べれば、0.2
mm未満とすると、71L1m力が小さ(、ホブ加工跡
等の比較的深い加工跡を除去或いは形状改善するために
は長時間を要して、生産上好ましくなく、0.6mmを
越えると、加工力が大きく、南面が梨地になったりして
、曲げ疲労強度、耐ピツチング性が損なわれる虞れがあ
るからである。
With the above configuration, shot peening is performed with a shot particle diameter of 0.2 to 0.6 mm after tooth processing and before surface hardening treatment, resulting in a product that is softer than that after surface hardening treatment. By performing shot peening under appropriate conditions, it is possible to accurately remove tooth tip edges, shaving steps, and hobbing marks, or change the shape to an appropriate shape with relatively small processing force. . Here, the shot particle diameter is set to 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
To be more specific, it was set in the range of 0.2
If it is less than 0.6 mm, the force of 71L1m is small (it takes a long time to remove or improve the shape of relatively deep machining marks such as hobbing marks, which is unfavorable in terms of production, and if it exceeds 0.6 mm, the machining This is because the force is large and the south side may become matte, which may impair bending fatigue strength and pitting resistance.

しかも、この場合、ショット粒子投射方向が歯面に略沿
って歯先側から歯元側に向けられていることから、歯先
エツジ、シェービング段差、ホブ加工跡等の該当箇所以
外の南面に対してショットピーニングが行われることが
抑えられることになり、歯面に強度的なダメージを与え
ることを極力少な(することができることになる。
Moreover, in this case, since the shot particle projection direction is directed approximately along the tooth surface from the tooth tip side to the tooth root side, the shot particles are projected from the south side of the tooth tip, shaving steps, hobbing marks, etc. This means that shot peening is suppressed, and severe damage to the tooth surface can be minimized.

このため、歯車の疲労強度及び耐ピツチング性を筒中且
つ的確に、より一層向上させることができることになる
Therefore, the fatigue strength and pitting resistance of the gear can be further improved in the cylinder and precisely.

(実施例) 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

本発明の実施例に係る歯車の製造は、第1図に示す製造
プロセスに従ってなされる。
The gear according to the embodiment of the present invention is manufactured according to the manufacturing process shown in FIG.

11)すなわち、先ず、材料としての鋼材を切断し、そ
れに対して熱間鍛造工程、焼準工程(場合により実施)
を経させる。これまでのプロセスは既知であり、その各
工程における条件等は一般的なものが用いられる。この
ため、これらの詳細については省略する。
11) That is, first, the steel material is cut, and then subjected to a hot forging process and a normalizing process (carried out depending on the case).
to undergo. The conventional process is known, and general conditions are used in each step. Therefore, these details will be omitted.

(2)次に、歯加工を行う。(2) Next, perform tooth processing.

ここで歯加工を行うのは、後工程における表面硬化処理
の後に行ったのでは、材料としての鋼材が非常に硬(な
って歯加工を行うのが困難となるからである。
The reason for performing tooth processing here is that if it were performed after the surface hardening treatment in the post-process, the steel material would be extremely hard (making it difficult to perform tooth processing).

この場合、この工程においては、第2図、第3図に示す
ように、所密寸法形状の歯車1に形成されるが、この際
、歯2には、歯先エツジ3、シェービング段差4、ホブ
加工跡5等が歯すじ方向に向かって形成される。
In this case, in this step, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the gear 1 is formed into a gear 1 having a precise dimension and shape. Hobbing marks 5 and the like are formed toward the tooth trace direction.

(3)次に、ショット粒子径を0.2〜0.6mmの範
囲とすると共に、第2図の矢印で示すようにショット粒
子投射方向を歯面に略沿って歯先側から歯元側に向かう
ようにして、歯すじ方向に移動させつつショットピーニ
ングを行う。
(3) Next, set the shot particle diameter to a range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm, and change the shot particle projection direction from the tip side to the root side approximately along the tooth surface as shown by the arrow in Figure 2. Perform shot peening while moving in the direction of the tooth trace.

これは、前記歯先エツジ3、シェービング段差4、ホブ
加圧跡5を除去し、或いは形状を適切なものとするため
に行われる。
This is done to remove the tooth tip edge 3, shaving step 4, and hob pressure mark 5, or to make the shape appropriate.

ショツト粒子径を特定しているのは、前記歯先エツジ3
等を改暦するには、ショットピーニング条件のうちショ
ット粒子径が最も大きく関与するからである。
The shot particle size is specified by the tooth tip edge 3.
This is because, among the shot peening conditions, the shot particle diameter is the most important factor in revising the calendar.

ショット粒子径を0.2〜0.6mmの範囲としたのは
、詳細に前述したように、この範囲が本発明の目的を達
成するためには最も効果的だからである。
The reason why the shot particle size is set to be in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm is because, as described in detail above, this range is most effective in achieving the object of the present invention.

ショット粒子投射ノラ向を、第2図の矢印で示すように
南面に略沿って歯先側から1溝元側に向かうようにした
のは、ここでのショットピーニングのショツト粒子をで
きるだけ歯先エツジ3等の該当箇所以外の歯面に当てな
いようにし、歯面の強度的なダメージを少なくするため
である。
The reason why the direction of shot particle projection was made to go from the tooth tip side to the groove root side approximately along the south face as shown by the arrow in Fig. 2 is to direct the shot particles of shot peening to the tooth tip edge as much as possible. This is to avoid contacting the tooth surface other than the corresponding location such as No. 3, and to reduce strong damage to the tooth surface.

ショットピーニングを、上記ショット粒子投射方向をも
って歯すじ方向に移動させつつ行うようにしたのは、歯
先エツジ3、シェービング段差4が歯すし方向に延び、
ホブ加工跡5が第3図に示ずように歯ずじ方向に順次、
形成されており、これらを、ショットピーニングより是
正するためである。
Shot peening is performed while moving the shot particle projection direction in the tooth trace direction because the tooth tip edge 3 and the shaving step 4 extend in the tooth trace direction.
As shown in Fig. 3, the hobbing marks 5 are formed sequentially in the direction of tooth shedding.
This is to correct these problems by shot peening.

(4)次に、表面硬化処理を行う。(4) Next, perform surface hardening treatment.

これは、歯車の歯面を硬くして疲労強度を高めるために
行われる。
This is done to harden the tooth surface of the gear and increase its fatigue strength.

ト記表面硬化処理としては、浸炭焼入れや浸炭窒化等(
焼戻しも含む)が行われる。
Examples of surface hardening treatments include carburizing and quenching, carbonitriding, etc.
(including tempering).

(5)次いで、必要な場合には、ショットピーニングを
行う。
(5) Next, shot peening is performed if necessary.

このショットピーニングは、前工程におけるショットピ
ーニングの目的とは異なり、歯車に圧縮残留応力を形成
して疲労強度をさらに高めるために行われる。このショ
ットピーニングの条件は、上記目的に応じたものが用い
られており、それは既知となっている。
This shot peening is different from the purpose of the shot peening in the previous process, and is performed to create compressive residual stress in the gear to further increase fatigue strength. Conditions for this shot peening are used in accordance with the above purpose and are known.

このような各工程を経ることにより、製造された歯車は
、疲労強度及び耐ピツチング性はより層内上することに
なる。
By going through each of these steps, the manufactured gear has better fatigue strength and pitting resistance.

」1記製造方法に基づく効果を裏付けるために、い(つ
かの試験例について歯車疲労試験を行った。歯車疲労試
験は、一定負荷がかけられた負荷歯車に試験歯車を噛合
させ、試験歯車の破壊までのサイクル数(回転回数)を
測定し、これにより、疲労強度を判断した。この歯車疲
労試験の試験条件は、具体的には下記のようになってい
る。
In order to confirm the effects based on the manufacturing method described in 1., a gear fatigue test was conducted on some test examples.The gear fatigue test was carried out by meshing the test gear with a loaded gear to which a constant load was applied. The number of cycles (number of rotations) until failure was measured, and fatigue strength was determined from this.Specifically, the test conditions for this gear fatigue test are as follows.

[Δ]h試験試験具通試験条件 ■試験歯車 (i)材料:SCM420H (ii)ギヤ種類:セカンダリ・ピニオンギヤモジュー
ル:2.25 歯数:18 歯幅:40mm ■表面硬化処理前のショットピーニング(i)ショット
硬さ: HRC35 (ii)ショット粒子投射速度: 54 m / s e c (i i i)投射距離:100mm(歯底まで)■表
面硬化処理 表面硬化処理には、浸炭焼入れ、焼戻しを用いる。
[Δ] h test test device Test conditions ■ Test gear (i) Material: SCM420H (ii) Gear type: Secondary pinion gear Module: 2.25 Number of teeth: 18 Face width: 40 mm ■ Shot peening before surface hardening treatment ( i) Shot hardness: HRC35 (ii) Shot particle projection speed: 54 m/sec (ii) Projection distance: 100 mm (to the tooth bottom) ■Surface hardening treatment Surface hardening treatment includes carburizing, quenching, and tempering. use

浸炭焼入れにおいては、930Tl:で2.5時間保持
し、それを840℃まで下げ、その状態で0.5時間保
持し、その後、急冷するようにする。
In carburizing and quenching, the temperature is maintained at 930 Tl for 2.5 hours, the temperature is lowered to 840° C., maintained in that state for 0.5 hours, and then rapidly cooled.

焼戻しにおいては、170℃で2時間保持するようにす
る。
During tempering, the temperature is maintained at 170°C for 2 hours.

■疲労試験における負荷歯車の負荷 負荷:60.9kgf−m [B]各試験例の独自の試験条件 各試験例の独自の試験条件は、表1に示すように、表面
硬化処理前のショットピーニングと表面硬化処理後のシ
ョットピーニングとについて異ならせるものとする。
■ Load load of load gear in fatigue test: 60.9 kgf-m [B] Unique test conditions for each test example The unique test conditions for each test example are as shown in Table 1. Shot peening before surface hardening treatment and shot peening after surface hardening treatment.

■ 表1 1 このような試験の結果、表2に示すような内容を得た。■ Table 1 1 As a result of such a test, the contents shown in Table 2 were obtained.

表2 表2に示す内容によれば、比較例1に対して、本案例1
〜4は、疲労強度(破壊までのサイクル数)が大幅に向
上した。これは、表面硬化処理前のショットピーニング
により、歯先エツジが丸くなって歯面引っかき傷が減少
し、ホブ加工跡の凸部が平滑化して応力集中が低減し、
シェービング段差が除去又は変形されて滑らかな形状と
なり、応力集中が低減した総合的な効果と考えられる。
Table 2 According to the contents shown in Table 2, compared to comparative example 1, present example 1
-4, the fatigue strength (number of cycles until failure) was significantly improved. This is because the shot peening before the surface hardening process rounds the tooth tips, reducing tooth surface scratches, smoothing out the convexities left by hobbing, and reducing stress concentration.
This is considered to be the overall effect of removing or deforming the shaving step to create a smooth shape and reducing stress concentration.

さらには、ショットピーニングを行った歯面の該当表面
が方向性のない表面粗さとなっていることも寄与してい
ると考えられる。
Furthermore, it is thought that the fact that the shot peened tooth surface has a surface roughness with no directionality is also considered to be a contributing factor.

比較例2は、表面硬化処理後に、ショットピーニングを
施した場合であるが、この場合には、表面硬化処理後に
ショットピーニングを施さない比較例1に比べてかなり
の疲労強度を示した。しかし1本実例4のように、表面
硬化処理の前後においてショットピーニングを行う場合
には、比較例2以上の疲労強度を示した。これは、表面
硬化処理前のショットピーニングにより歯面の該当表面
が凹凸になるため、表面硬化処理後にショットピーニン
グを行えば、前記歯面の凹凸における凸部にショツト粒
子が当たり、より高い圧縮残留応力が形成されるためと
考えられる。また、この場合、歯面が、方向性のない表
面粗さとなることも 3 寄与していると考えられる。
Comparative Example 2 is a case in which shot peening was performed after surface hardening treatment, and in this case, it showed considerably greater fatigue strength than Comparative Example 1 in which shot peening was not performed after surface hardening treatment. However, when shot peening was performed before and after the surface hardening treatment as in Example 4, the fatigue strength was greater than that of Comparative Example 2. This is because the shot peening before the surface hardening process makes the surface of the tooth surface uneven, so if shot peening is performed after the surface hardening process, the shot particles hit the convex parts of the unevenness of the tooth surface, resulting in a higher compression residue. This is thought to be due to the formation of stress. In addition, in this case, it is thought that the fact that the tooth surface has surface roughness with no directionality also contributes.

さらに、本案例1〜3と比較例3.4とにより、表面硬
化処理前のショットピーニングのショト粒子径が0.2
〜0.6mmの範囲において、効果的であることを示し
た。
Furthermore, according to Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 3.4, the shot particle diameter of shot peening before surface hardening treatment was 0.2.
It was shown to be effective in the range of ~0.6 mm.

(発明の効果) 本発明は以上述べたように、歯車の疲労強度及び耐ピツ
チング性を、簡単且つ確実に、より一層向上させること
ができる。
(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention can further improve the fatigue strength and pitting resistance of gears easily and reliably.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例に係る製造プロセスを示す図
、 第2図は歯加工工程において形成される歯を説明する説
明図、 第3図は第2図の斜視図である。 1・・・歯車 2・・・歯 第2図
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating teeth formed in a tooth processing process, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2. 1...Gear 2...Tooth Diagram 2

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)歯加工を行った後、表面硬化処理を行う歯車の製
造方法において、 前記歯加工後であって前記表面硬化処理前に、歯に対し
て、ショット粒子径を0.2〜0.6mmの範囲とする
と共に、ショット粒子投射方向を歯面に略沿って歯先側
から歯元側に向かうようにしてショットピーニングを行
う、 ことを特徴とする歯車の製造方法。
(1) In a method for manufacturing a gear in which a surface hardening treatment is performed after tooth machining, after the tooth machining and before the surface hardening treatment, a shot particle size of 0.2 to 0. 6 mm, and shot peening is performed in a direction in which shot particles are projected approximately along the tooth surface from the tooth tip side to the tooth root side.
JP24376089A 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Production of gear Pending JPH03107418A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24376089A JPH03107418A (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Production of gear

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24376089A JPH03107418A (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Production of gear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03107418A true JPH03107418A (en) 1991-05-07

Family

ID=17108579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP24376089A Pending JPH03107418A (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Production of gear

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03107418A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100361927B1 (en) * 1996-12-10 2003-10-17 기아자동차주식회사 Method for reinforcing fatigue strength of welding part by shot peening
CN116571819A (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-11 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gear

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100361927B1 (en) * 1996-12-10 2003-10-17 기아자동차주식회사 Method for reinforcing fatigue strength of welding part by shot peening
CN116571819A (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-11 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gear
CN116571819B (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-12-08 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gear

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