JPH02213592A - Shield drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the shield drilling performance by changing the layout between cutter heads and drilling a large circular cross section via the revolution and rotation of cutter heads by rotary driving mechanisms and rotary devices. CONSTITUTION:When a shield drilling machine is propelled and rotary driving motors 23a and 23b are operated, cutter shafts 14a and 14b are rotated together with gears 21a and 21b via an internal gear 22, and a revolving gear 35 is made rotatable. Cutter heads 15a, 15b and 15c are rotated around the machine body center axis 0-0, and shield drilling is performed in a multi-circle cross section. When the layout change between the heads 15a-15c is required according to conditions of the ground of the working face, a rotating support member 30 is made rotatable, and the motors 23a and 23b and a revolving motor 36 are operated. The support member 30 is rotated by a planetary gear mechanism constituted of the gear 22 engaged with gears 21a and 21b engaged with the gear 35, and the heads 15a-15c are revolved to change the relative layout.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a shield excavator that excavates into a compound circular cross section using a plurality of cutter heads.

(Prior Art) A conventional example of a shield excavator will be explained with reference to Fig. 7.8. The shield excavator shown in Fig. 7 has a shield body (1
) A cutter chamber (3) is installed in front of the partition wall (2) provided in the
A cutter head (5) is installed in the cutter head (5), and a rotary drive mechanism (not shown) rotates the cutter head (5) via a cutter shaft (4) to perform shield excavation into a single circular cross section. The shield excavator shown in FIG.
5a) and a trailing cutter head (5b) are arranged with vertical (or horizontal) and front-to-back differences, and each rotary drive mechanism (not shown) allows the front and rear cutter heads to be cut through the cutter shafts (4a) and (4b). The cutter head (5a) (5b) is rotated to perform shield drilling into a vertically or horizontally long double-circular cross section.
) is a cutter bit, and (9) is a partition plate.

(Issues to be solved by the invention) The conventional shield excavator (FIG. 7) with a single circular cross section has the following problems:
When constructing multiple tunnels, it is necessary to excavate multiple circular tunnels individually or to excavate a large circular cross-section tunnel, and the former has less freedom in selecting the tunnel route and requires more construction work such as land acquisition. The cost increases, and the latter method has many problems in terms of construction technology, such as the fact that there are many unnecessary parts in the excavation cross section, and the safety of the face decreases because excavation is performed over a large cross section with a single circular cutter face.

The conventional shield excavator with a double-circular cross section has a leading cutter head and a trailing cutter head, and can handle double-track double-track tunnels by excavating a double-circular cross-section, but the leading and trailing cutter heads are arranged vertically. Or the geological conditions (geological strata, moisture, etc.) of the construction site (face, etc.) are specified by a horizontally long double circular cross section.
When there are problems with the attitude control of the aircraft, stability of the face, etc., or when it is necessary to change the tunnel cross-section to a double circular cross-section and a single circular cross-section, such as at a station or a joint to a circular cross-section tunnel. , it is not possible to construct it directly and it is necessary to introduce a different construction method.

In addition, sudden and curved excavations are handled by bending over the excavation using a copy cutter that is protruded from the outer periphery of the cutter head. There are problems such as poor performance in sharp turns.

The present invention was developed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to move a plurality of cutter heads disposed at the front of a bulkhead to the fuselage body using respective rotary drive mechanisms. The cutter head can be rotated at a fixed position around the central axis, and each rotation drive mechanism and rotation device allow each cutter head to revolve and rotate to change the mutual arrangement of the heads and excavate large circular cross sections, improving shield excavation performance and efficiency. To provide an improved shield excavator.

(!!Means for Solving Problem 1) The present invention allows a plurality of cutter heads disposed at the front of a bulkhead in a shield machine body to be rotated around the center axis of the machine body through each cutter shaft by each rotation drive mechanism. In a shield excavator that is rotatably driven to excavate into a double circular cross section, a swing support member disposed in front of the partition wall that bears each of the cutter shafts and can be switched between rotating and fixed, and the rotary drive mechanism. It consists of an attached revolving drive mechanism, and is characterized by a structure in which each of the cutter heads revolves around the center axis of the machine body, and is equipped with a turning device that drives the heads to change their mutual arrangement and excavate a large circular cross section. By fixing the rotation support member and inactivating the revolution drive mechanism, each rotary drive mechanism excavates into a normal double circular cross section by rotationally driving each cutter head at a fixed position. The operation of the revolution drive mechanism makes it possible to change the arrangement of the heads and excavate large circular cross sections, while also improving curved excavation performance.

(Function) The rotation support member is fixed, the revolution drive mechanism is deactivated, and each cutter head is rotated at a fixed position around the center axis of the machine by each rotation drive mechanism via each cutter shaft,
Excavate to a normal double circular cross section.

When the swing support member is made rotatable and the revolution drive mechanism is operated together with each rotation drive mechanism, each cutter head revolves around the center axis of the machine along with the rotation drive, and the cutter heads rotate between each other according to the face conditions, etc. Rearrangement, that is, advance,
The trailing position has been changed to ensure that excavation is carried out smoothly and efficiently.

Further, each cutter head is driven to rotate and rotated by revolution, thereby switching to excavation of a large circular cross section at any time.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and (
11) is a shield body with a double circular cross section, (12) is a bulkhead inside the shield body (11), (14a) (14b) (
14c) is a cutter shaft, (13) is a cutter chamber, (15a) (15b) (15c) is a cutter head having a cutter slit part (17) and a cutter bit group (18) W, which is a shield body (II). Internal bulkhead (12
) A plurality of cutter heads (15a) arranged in front of (
15b) (15c) to each rotation drive S structure (21a, 2
2.23a) (21b, 22, 23bH2Ic, 22
, 23c), each cutter shaft (14a) (14
b) In a shield excavator that excavates in a double circular cross section by rotating around the center axis (o-o) of the machine body through (14c), the cutter head (1
5a) (15b) (15c) to bearing (32a) (
32b) (32c) A swing support member (30) that can be switched between rotation and fixation, and a rotation drive mechanism (21a,
2223a) (21b, 22.23b) (21c
, 22.23c)
Cutter head (15a) (15b)
(15c) is a shield excavator equipped with a rotating device that revolves around the center axis (o-o) of the machine body and drives the heads to change the mutual arrangement and excavate a large circular cross section.

The cutter head (15a) (15b) (15c)
As shown in Part 1, the center axis of the aircraft (o
-o) Shield excavation is performed in a double circular cross section using three cutter heads arranged around the area and driven to rotate individually.

The rotational drive mechanism (21a, 22.23a) (21
b, 22.23b) (21c, 22.23c) is
Gear (21a) fixed to cutter shaft (14a)
A cutter head (1) consisting of an internal gear (22), a rotary drive motor (23a) fixed to the partition wall (12), etc.
5a), the rotational drive mechanism (21a, 22, 23a), the gear (21b) and internal gear (22) fixed to the cutter shaft (14b), and the rotational drive motor (21a, 22, 23a) fixed to the partition wall (12). The cutter head (15b
) rotational drive mechanism (21b, 22, 23b), and a gear (21c) fixed to the cutter shirt (14c)
A cutter head (1) consisting of an internal gear (22), a rotary drive motor (23c) fixed to the partition wall (12), etc.
5c) rotation drive mechanism (21c, 22.23c), each cutter shaft (14a) (14b)
(14c) to each cutter head (15a) (15
b) Separately drive (15c) in rotation.

The swing support member (30) is a shield body (12).
Each supporting member (31) (31) (
The shield body (11) is rotatably disposed within the shield body (31) via a seal member (32), and rotates around the body center axis (o-o) on the front side of the bulkhead (12). ) side, and the cutter shaft (
14a), (14b), and (14c) are supported by radial and thrust bearings (32a), (32b, and 32c), and the rotating support member (30) rotates through the cutter shafts (14a, 14b, and 14c). The cutter head (15a) (15b) (15c) is made to be able to revolve around the body center axis (o-o).

The revolution drive mechanism (35, 36) includes a revolution gear (35) interposed and meshed between the gears (21a), (21b), and (21c) of each rotation drive mechanism, and a revolution gear (35).
) is connected to the revolution motor (
36), etc., the rotational drive mechanism and the revolution drive mechanism are configured as a planetary gear mechanism, and the rotation support member (30
) along with the cutter head (15a) (15b) (1
5c) is a rotating device that revolves around the center axis (o-o) of the machine body and drives the mutual arrangement of the heads and excavation of a large circular cross section.

Further, the partition wall (12) and each support member (31) are provided with a plurality of mud feeding pipes (38a) and mud draining pipes (38b), which communicate with the cutter chamber (13) (see Fig. 3). )
.

The embodiment of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and its operation will be explained in detail. During normal shield excavation, the swing support member (30) is moved to the shield body (11) by appropriate means (not shown). A plurality of propulsion jacks (not shown) provided at the rear of the bulkhead (12) are applied to segments (not shown) to propel the entire machine, and each rotation drive motor (23a) ) (23b)
(23c), the cutter shaft (14a) (14b) (14c) is individually rotated together with each gear (21a) (21b) (21c) via the internal gear (22), and the revolution gear (35) is rotatable, and each cutter head (15a) (15b) (15c) is rotationally driven at a specific position around the center axis (o-o) of the machine body.
Shield excavation is performed in a double circular cross section using three cutter heads, and the excavated earth and sand are taken into the cutter chamber (13) through each cutter slit (17) of each cutter head and supplied from the mud feeding pipe (38a). The pressurized mud water is discharged to the rear of the aircraft through the mud drainage pipe (38b) and dug.
Construction will be equivalent to three circular tunnels at the same time.

Next, depending on the conditions such as the ground of the excavated ground (face),
In order to control the attitude of the aircraft and maintain the stability of the face, it may be necessary to change the positions of the leading and trailing cutter heads (15a), (15b), and (15c), or to change the positions of the cutting heads (15a), (15b, and 15c) in the stations and large circular cross-section tunnels. If the need arises to form a cutter head, this is made possible by the revolution of each cutter head.

When the rotation support member (30) is made rotatable and the rotation drive motors (23a) (23b) (23c) and the revolution motor (36) are operated, the revolution gear (35) meshes with the revolution gear (35). The gear (21) on each cutter shaft
a) (21b) (21c), each gear (21a) (
21b) (2fc) The rotating support member (30) is rotated by a planetary gear mechanism consisting of an internal gear (22) meshed with (2fc), etc., and each cutter head (15a) (15b) (1
5c) is revolved around the center axis (o-o) of the aircraft, it is rotated approximately 120' and 240° to change the relative position of each force' interface head (15a), (15b), and (15c), i.e. The leading and trailing positions of each cutter head can be easily changed, making it possible to improve shield excavation performance in accordance with the conditions of the face, etc. In addition, each cutter head (15a ) (
15b) and 15c are rotated to switch to excavation operation with a large circular cross section.

In the planetary gear mechanism, the rotation speed (including a stationary state) and rotation direction of each gear in the interaction movement between each gear can be arbitrarily selected by appropriately selecting the combination of gears, the number of teeth, supporting conditions, etc. possible and set to the desired function.

When transitioning from normal double-circular cross-section excavation to large-circular cross-section excavation that involves the revolution of the cutter head, face stability may be lost when excavating a large cross section due to the revolution of the cutter head in highly collapsible ground. There is a risk that the surface will be damaged, and face stabilization treatment such as chemical injection is required. When changing the tunnel alignment (sharp curves, changing gradients), changing the cutter head placement from Figure 1 (8) to Figure 2 (B), or performing maintenance on the cutter head, it is normal to remove the shaft from the ground surface. However, according to this method, it is possible to excavate an underground space equivalent to the circumscribed circle of the shield machine, so this space can be used to perform the above setup change work. Become.

5 and 6 show an embodiment of the rear body of the shield excavator according to the embodiment described in FIGS. (41) is fixedly installed, and the seal member (
42), the rear 11Ftl (43) is extendable and retractable (bendable), and the partition wall (12) side and the rear [i (43)
A plurality of expansion and contraction jacks (45) are connected between them, a plurality of propulsion jacks (46) are provided in the rear body (43), and a plurality of recesses (43a) provided on the outer circumferential side of the rear body (43) are connected.
) The main gripper (47) is moved forward and backward by a hydraulic jack, etc.
It has a structure in which an auxiliary gripper (48) that is moved forward and backward by a hydraulic jack etc. is arranged in a plurality of recesses (12a) provided on the outer circumferential side of the partition wall (12), and has a normal double circular cross section. During excavation, multiple propulsion jacks (46) are attached to the front of assembled segments (not shown) to obtain the thrust of the entire machine, and each telescoping jack (A5) is used to provide thrust to the rear body (43). Further thrust can be obtained by extending the front body (41), and each cutter head (15a) (1
5b) (15c), as well as revolving and rotating around the center axis (o-o) of the machine to excavate a large circular cross section, as shown in Figure 6, each main gripper (47 ) protrudes from the outer periphery and presses it against the inner wall of the large diameter tunnel to fix the rear trunk (43), and the rear! (43), front torso (41
), the rotation of the shield body (11), etc. is prevented, and the front body (41) is extended by the extension of each telescopic jack (45) to obtain thrust, and each sub gripper (48) is made to protrude to the outer periphery. Press against the inner wall of the large diameter tunnel
) side is fixed, each main gripper (47) is retreated, each telescopic jack (45) is shortened, and the rear barrel (43) is advanced to secure the thrust and smoothly perform excavation of a large circular cross section. be done. During the excavation, each propulsion jack (46) also hits the segment to further increase the thrust. In addition, each expansion jack (45
) The rear barrel (43) can be bent relative to the front barrel (41) due to the difference in extension between the two, and curved excavation can be performed smoothly.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention has the above-described configuration, and the swing support member is fixed, and each rotational drive mechanism rotates a plurality of cutter heads at predetermined positions around the center axis of the machine body. In addition to excavating into a double circular cross section, the swing support member is made rotatable, and by the operation of the revolution drive mechanism attached to each rotation drive mechanism, each cutter head rotates on its own axis and revolves around the center axis of the machine. It is now possible to change the position of each cutter head and to excavate a large circular cross section, and it is possible to change the leading and trailing positions of each cutter head to suit the conditions of the cutting face, etc., which improves the performance of excavating a double circular cross section. Efficiency has been significantly improved, and it is possible to switch to excavation with a large circular cross section as needed, and the ability to excavate in sharp turns has also been improved, greatly improving shield excavation performance and efficiency.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and that various design modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 (A) and (B) are longitudinal cross-sectional views and front views of essential parts showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 2 (A) and (B) are longitudinal cross-sectional views of essential parts showing changes in the head arrangement. Front view, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the 111-111 section in Figure 1 (^), Figure 4 is a sectional view of the IV-rV section in Figure 1 (A), and Figure 5 is the fuselage in Figure 1. 6 is a sectional view of the Vl-V1 portion of FIG. 5; FIGS. 7(A) and 7(B) are longitudinal sectional views and front views of main parts of the conventional example; FIGS. 8(A) and 8(B) are a vertical sectional view and a front view of main parts showing another conventional example. 11: Shield body 12: Bulkheads 14a, 14b, 14c: Cut shaft 15a,
15b, 15c: cutter head 21a, 22.2
3a-21b, 22.23b-21c, 22.23
c: Rotation drive mechanism 30: Swing support member 32a,
32b, 32c: Bearing 35.36: Revolution drive mechanism

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the shield excavator that excavates into a double circular cross section by rotating a plurality of cutter heads disposed at the front part of a bulkhead in the shield machine body through each cutter shaft by each rotary drive mechanism around the center axis of the machine body, It consists of a swing support member disposed on the front side of the bulkhead that bears each of the cutter shafts and can be switched between rotating and fixed, and a revolving turbulence mechanism installed between the rotational drive mechanism, and each cutter head is rotated to the center of the machine body. A shield excavator characterized by being equipped with a rotating device that revolves around an axis and drives the mutual arrangement of heads and excavation of large circular cross sections.