JPH0131976Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] This invention emits wave pulses such as radio waves, ultrasonic waves, and light while rotating the pointing direction of the transmitting and receiving beam, and the detection signal obtained by receiving the reflected waves is displayed on a scanning display. This invention relates to a rotating wave detection device that displays PPI. In the past, alarm means have been proposed to specifically notify when a reflected wave of a predetermined level or higher is received within a certain detection distance range in such a detection device. Conventional detection devices generally process the received detection signal as it is to determine whether the detection signal currently being received is within a set distance range, and if it is within that range. If the temperature exceeds a predetermined level, an alarm will be issued. The structure of such a device is relatively complicated, and it is particularly difficult to optically display the detection signal that should issue the alarm at the corresponding position on the PPI display surface. For example, this device generates a proximity warning when a reflected wave larger than a predetermined level is obtained within a predetermined distance range in a radar, and displays the corresponding image blinking on the display screen to notify the alarm. This is achieved with a relatively simple configuration. Therefore, in this invention, the detection signal is converted into a digital signal according to its amplitude level, then stored, and the stored data is sequentially read out in all directions for each distance unit, and all signals are read out repeatedly. PPI by supplying to scanning display
A gate signal corresponding to the set distance range is generated in synchronization with the scanning, the detection signal read out by the gate signal is extracted, and if the output is above a predetermined level, the corresponding image on the display is displayed. Make it blink. Hereinafter, a case where an embodiment of the rotating wave detection device of this invention is applied to a rotating detection radar will be described with reference to the drawings. Further, in this example, the detected image may be displayed as a color image. (1) The overall configuration has the functional block configuration shown in Figure 1, and the functional elements, that is, devices or circuits, operate as follows. The antenna section 1 receives transmission control from the storage/control section 2, transmits/receives waves to obtain a detection signal while rotating the pointing direction of the antenna 101, and sends the received detection signal c1 of the detection signal to the storage/control section 2. give. The storage/control unit 2 performs signal processing and storage on the received detection signal c1 given by the antenna unit 1 according to the purpose of display, provides the signal-processed output to the display unit 4, and outputs the marker to the marker generation unit 3. Give a reference signal. The marker generating section 3 provides the display section 4 with a marker signal according to the purpose of display. The display section 4 displays the signals given from the storage/control section 2 and the marker generation section 3 as color images on a color display screen according to the display purpose. (2) The antenna section 1 has the functional block configuration shown in FIG. 2, and the functional elements, that is, devices or circuits, perform the following operations. The antenna 101 has a narrow beam-like directivity for transmitting and receiving waves, and is continuously rotated by a motor 103. The main signal waveform of the antenna section 1 is as shown in FIG. 2A. When the transmitting/receiving unit 102 receives the transmission trigger signal b1, it generates a pulse signal, emits a pulse radio wave using a microwave as a carrier wave from the antenna 101, receives a reflected signal from the target object, that is, a detection signal, and receives the signal. A detected signal c1 is obtained. The transmission pulse width is controlled by the range signal a1, and has a short width f1 when the range is "short" and a long width i1 when the range is "long". Further, the reception sensitivity j1 is subjected to STC (sensitivity time control) in synchronization with the transmission trigger signal b1. The rotation angle detection unit 105 uses a photo interrupter, a Hall element, or a reed switch to generate a pulse signal of the rotation angle signal e1 every time the antenna 101 rotates by a certain angle. For example, as shown in Figure 2A, one pulse every 0.5°, 720 in one rotation.
Output pulse. The bow direction detection unit 104 emits a pulse signal of the bow direction signal d1 when the pointing direction of the antenna 101, that is, the radio wave transmission/reception direction is in the bow direction. For example, one pulse is output for one rotation. (3) The storage/control unit 2 has the functional block configuration shown in FIG. 3, and the functional elements, that is, devices or circuits, perform the following operations. Overall operation: Convert received detection signal c1 to AD converter 201
AD converts it into an n-bit digital code and makes it a digitized received signal m2 (referred to as D signal).
As shown in FIG. 3A, when the rotation angle signal e1 is received, within a period t1 from the first transmission trigger signal b11 to the next transmission trigger signal b12, data D1 for the detection distance range, that is, for the range. .about.DM are sequentially written into the M-bit memory 1,202 as shown in FIG. 3B. Period t22 from the next transmission trigger signal b12 to the next transmission trigger signal b13
The contents of the memory 1, 202 are read out in the same order as they were written, and the D obtained by this read signal and the received detection signal c1 at that time is
The signal m2 is passed through an AND gate 203 for correlation, and the first D signal m2 and the second D signal m2 are compared, and the first D signal m2 and the second D signal m2 are placed at the same position at the same time after the radio wave was emitted, that is, at the same distance point. , and the second time, only the signal generated when there is a reflected signal is written into the M-bit memory 2, 204 to eliminate the influence of noise. After the above operation is completed, the next rotation angle signal e1
Within the period t23 before the arrival of the data, while synchronizing with the scanning of the screen display, transfer the data in the memory 2, 204 to the N memories 3, 205 and 4, 220 in N bit jumps as shown in Figure 3C i23. . In this example, the angular resolution is 0.5°, and 360° is displayed as 720 radial display lines, with the center of each display line (the antenna 101
The figure shows that the subscript i of D1D2...DM and Di increases as the distance from the detection signal increases (indicating the position of D1D2). Using N memories, the detection signal 1 (1) D1 , 1 (1) D2 ...1 (1) DM in the 0.5° direction is stored in memory A 1 every 60 bits, and the detection signal in the 1.0° direction is stored in memory A 1 every 60 bits. 1 (2) D1 , 1 (2) D2 ... 1 (2) DM is stored in memory A2 in sequence every 60 bits, and the same goes for the detection signal 1 (N) D1 , 1 (N) in the 6.0° direction. ) D2...1(N) DM is stored sequentially in memory AN every 60 bits, and the detection signal 2(1) D1,1(1) D2...1(N) DM is stored in memory A1 at 60-bit intervals. Every bit was memorized first.
Stored sequentially at the address next to the signal in the 0.5° direction. If you memorize the following in the same way, in this example N = 12 and the resolution is 0.5°, so from 720÷12=60, the detection signal in the 355.5° direction is 60 (N) D1 , 60 (N) D2 ... 60(N) DM is displayed and stored in the memory AN as shown in Figure 3C. In this way, all addresses in memory 3,205 are filled. The contents of the memories 3, 205 and 4, 220 are read out and output in synchronization with the sweep signals 1, d2 and the sweep signals 2, f2. Figure 3A shows the time relationship between the operations of the main parts of the memory, and Figure 3C shows the layout of the memory 3,205.
The relationship between the spiral sweep and the memory layout is shown in FIG. 3D. Operation of each function AD converter 201 receives detected signal c1
converts the analog amplitude value (for example, voltage value) into a digital value of X bits. In this AD conversion, the peak value is sampled and held, and the hold is reset every time the address of the memory 1, 202, which will be described later, changes. Selector 1, 207 receives clock ck1 and range signal a1, and selects the range (detection distance range).
The selector 1 output signal g2 has a pulse period equal to the time required for the radio wave to travel back and forth over the full scale of the memory 1,202 divided by the number of bits M in the memory 1,202. Counter 1,208 is selector 1,2
A signal h that counts the pulses of the output signal g2 of 07 and delays the transmission trigger signal b1 by the delay circuit 215.
Set (reset) to “0” with 2. The output signal of counter 1,208 is sent to memory 1,20
2, becomes the write address of memory 2,204. Counter 2, 216 counts clock ck2 and is set to "0" by the output of read/write control section 218. This signal is memory 1,
202, the read address of memories 2 and 204, and the write addresses of memories 3 and 205 and memories 4 and 220. The operations of the memory 3, 205 and the memory 4, 220 are as follows. [Writing to memory 3,205 and memory 4,220] Bits D1 to DM of memory 2,204 are written to every N bits of memory 3,205 and memory 4,220. The insertion position is specified by the addresses of counter 3, 222 and counter 2, 216. [Reading of memory 3, 205 and memory 4, 220] The contents of 1 to N are read simultaneously. The memory 1,202 has a counter 1,208 according to the output of the read/write control unit 218.
AD converter 2 using the output as the address
Write/read AD conversion output of 01. One sweep (one firing cycle) in the distance direction is stored in M bits of memory 1,202. Memory 2,204 is memory 1,202
The AND output of the output of the converter 201 and the AD conversion output of the converter 201 is stored as an address with the output of the counter 1, 208, and the output of the counter 2, 208 is stored as an address.
The output of 216 is read out as an address. This write/read control is performed by the output of the read/write control section 218. The selector 3, 209 selects the counter 1, 20 according to the output of the read/write control unit 218.
8 and counter 2,216, select memory 1,202 and memory 2,20.
Output as address 4. The counter 3, 222 counts the rotation angle signal e1. It is set (reset) to "0" by the bow direction signal d1. This output is memory 3, 20
5. This is an address indicating the rotation direction when writing to the memory 4,220. Counter 4,227 is memory 3,20
5. A counter 2271 that generates successive addresses for the memory 4, 220 and determines the address in the rotational direction and a counter 22 that determines the address range in the distance direction, as shown in FIG. 3F.
It consists of 72. The alarm range mark b2 is a signal that is output when the alarm setting 217 (manual switch) is turned on, and the contents of the counter 2272 are the approach alarm address predetermined according to the range set in the range setting section 213 at that time. If there is,
This is a signal for displaying two ring lines G and G (Fig. 3G) indicating the alarm range. counter 2,216, counter 3,22
Figure 3E shows the operational relationship between 2 and the spiral sweep, Figure 3F shows the block configuration of the counter 4, 227, Figure 3G shows the display image of the alarm range mark, and Figure 3H shows the signal relationship of the alarm operation. . A 1/N frequency divider 226 divides the frequency of the clock ck3. Clock ck3 is synchronized with clock ck2. The counter 4, 227 is a 1/N frequency divider 22
Count the output of 6. This output is memory 3,
205 and the read address of the memory 4 and 220. The selector 4, 223 is controlled by the output of the read/write control 218, and selects and outputs the output of the counter 3, 222, the counter 2, 216, and the counter 4, 227. The selected output becomes the address of memory 3,205 and memory 4,220. Memory 3,205 is selector 4,22
The output of the memory 2,204 is written using the output of the counter 2,216 given through the selector 4,223 as an address.
The output of the given counter 4,227 is read out as an address, and N pieces are arranged in parallel as a unit. The shift register 1, 206 inputs N-bit data from the memory 3, 205 in parallel every time the read address of the memory 3, 205 changes, and outputs it in series at the clock ck3. Therefore, in FIG. 3C, 1(1) D1, 1(2) D1...1(N) D1 are first read out in parallel from the memory 3,205 and set in the shift register 1,206, which is output as serial data. Then, 2(1) D1, 2(2) D1...2(N) D1 are read out in parallel from the memory 3,205 and converted into serial data by the shift register 1,206, and the same process is performed thereafter. When the memory 3,205 is read out for the 60th time, 60 (1) D1 , 60 (2) D1 . . . 60 (N) D1 are obtained. In this way, the detection signals closest to the antenna were sequentially extracted over a 360° angle. By the next reading of the memory 3,205, 1(1) D2, 1(2) D2...1(N) D2 are read out in parallel and converted into a serial signal by the shift register 1,206, and similarly, the detection signal is Signals that are one distance resolution away from the closest antenna inside the antenna are sequentially obtained over 360 degrees. The same applies hereafter. Therefore, when the CRT 416 is spirally swept in synchronization with the reading of the memory 3, 205 and the shifting operation of the shift register 1, 206, the detection signal is displayed in PPI. Memory 3,
The reason why the memory 3,205 is combined with the shift register 1,206 is that the read speed of the memory 3,205 is relatively slow.If this read speed is sufficiently fast, the memory 3,205 can be read out sequentially to obtain the above serial signal. Therefore, the shift register 1,206 may be omitted. Memory 4,220 is memory 3,205
When the plotter setting section 224 is turned on, memory 2, 2 operates at the same address as the address of
The output r2 of 04 and the previous data stored in the memory 4,220 are sent to the gate D,219.
Write the OR gated output as input. Shift register 2, 221 is memory 4,
It obtains a 1-bit output from 220 and operates in the same way as shift register 1, 206. The retrace time generation unit 228 generates the retrace time after sweeping displaying one display screen. Counter 4,227 counts one display screen, so
Upon receiving this output, the retrace time generating section 228 operates. The display unit 212 displays the value of the detection display distance range on the display screen selected and set by the range setting unit 213. The range setting section 213 uses a manual switch to generate a range signal a1 for performing a detection display operation corresponding to a selected detection range, and a period generation section 21.
4, a count speed control signal for the counter 1, 208, and a unit distance signal k2 for calculating the VRM distance value displayed on the display section 304 (FIG. 4). The range signal a1 is sent to the transmitting/receiving section 102 in FIG.
This is a code signal for operating a relay for switching a pulse width constant circuit provided in the internal circuit. The period generating section 214 generates a transmission trigger signal b having a transmission period (detection period) obtained by controlling the count of the clock ck1 based on the output of the range setting section 213.
Generates 1. The purpose of the delay circuit 215 is to correct the operation delay time of the transmitter/receiver 102, and
The reset signal is delayed to match the timing of reading the D signal m2 obtained by AD converting the received detection signal c1 into the memory 1, 202 and the memory 2, 204 with respect to the transmission trigger signal b1. The read/write control unit 218 is the memory 2,
It controls the timing of transferring the contents of 204 to memory 3, 205 and memory 4, 220, and performs address and write/read switching operations for this purpose. The relationship between the plotter operation signal and the alarm operation is shown in Figures 3H and 3I. The figure shows a hypothetical case in which the digital values of each signal are converted into analog values, and the operating levels N and R are switchable semi-fixed values, and are set, for example, to the signal strength of the red level of the display. The plotter setting section 224 controls plotter operation.
When it is ON, it outputs a time-controlled plot timing signal, controls gate D219, and controls input to memories 4 and 220. Further, the plotter setting section 224 outputs a plotter signal c2 for changing the display color through the gate C225. Gate D219 controls plotter input. Contents of memory 4,220 until last time lol
2 and the current output of memory 2,204 (data r2 that is higher than the preset operating level)
The write input s2 of the memory 4,220 is output by performing an OR gate. Furthermore, this gate D2
19 is based on the output of the plotter setting section 224.
It is controlled as an AND gate and operates ON-OFF. The plotter signal c2 is a signal for displaying the track of a specific past detection signal image (target image) by making it neutral (dark). When the alarm setting section 217 is turned on, the gates A, 210 and B, 211 are set in a preset distance range (this range is the counter 4,
227) and a signal higher than the specified operation level N (Fig. 3H) is transmitted to shift register 1,
206, the signal is inverted at gate A, 210, e.g. every 0.5 seconds to form the signal x
Outputs 2. Gate B, 211 is gate A,
210 output signal and shift register 1, 20
The display data a2 is output by performing an AND gate with the output signal of 6. As a result, a signal above the operating level within the setting range becomes a blinking image on the CRT display screen. If the alarm setting unit 217 is not turned on, the output signal P2 of the shift register 1, 206 passes through the gate B, 211 as it is. The display data a2 is a signal obtained by reading out the contents of the memory 3, 205 in synchronization with the spiral sweep of the CRT display, and is, for example, a parallel 2-bit digital signal. The clock generator 229 is connected to the memories 1 and 20.
2 and clocks ck1 and ck2 for creating timing for writing and reading memories 2 and 204,
Clock for creating signal timing for spiral sweep display on CRT416 (Figure 5)
ck3 is generated. (4) The marker generating section 4 shown in FIG. 1 has the functional block configuration shown in FIG. 4, and the functional elements, that is, devices or circuits perform the following operations. The FRM generation unit 301 is an FRM (fixed distance mark) for displaying a ring-shaped line image (FIG. 4A a) that divides the display screen at equal intervals in the distance direction.
Generate a signal. That is, when the sweep signals 2, f2 and the sweep signals 1, d2 reach values indicating the angle and distance corresponding to this FRM, the FRM signal is generated. The VRM generator 302 is a pulse generator 305
The contents (values) of up-down counters 1, 303, which are supplied with pulse signals from (manual rotary pulse generating means) via switch 313, and sweep signals 1, d2 (outputs of counters 4, 227 in FIG. 3) are When they match, a VRM (variable distance mark) signal is generated to display a ring-shaped line image (FIG. 4A, b) on the display screen. By adjusting the contents of the up-down counter 1, 303, the display position of the VRM changes. The FBM generator 310 obtains the sweep signals 2 and f2 and displays a large number of angle marks (angle scale line images) ho (FIG. 4A, C) on the outer circumference of the display screen. Sweep signal 2 to value,
When f2 is reached, an FBM (fixed angle mark) signal is generated. The VBM generator 307 compares the pulse signal from the pulse generator 305 to the up-down counter 2, 308 via the switch 313 and the sweep signal 2, f2 (output of the counter 4, 227), and finds that they match. At the point, a VBM (variable angle mark) signal is generated for displaying a radial line image (FIG. 4A, d) on the display screen.
The display position (direction) of VBM is counter 2,
It can be changed by changing the contents (value) of 308. In addition, this VBM generating section 307
Preheating time of magnetron when turned on (approximately 3
By setting the video display to only FBM (fixed angle mark) and VBM for a period of time (approximately one minute), and displaying VBM (variable angle mark) in the shape of a rotating clock hand during this time, until the start of transmission. It is also used as an analog clock to display the standby time status (Stand-By). The pulse generator 305 is a rotary pulse generator, and when rotated manually, it generates a number of pulses corresponding to the amount of rotation and also generates a rotation direction signal. This pulse is applied via switch 313 to up-down counter 1, 303 or up-down counter 2, 308. The gate 306 selectively gates either the output of the pulse generator 305 or the clock ck3 and outputs the gate. This selection operation is performed by a signal given from the timer 11. The display section 304 displays the distance value of the display position of the VRM, and displays the value obtained by multiplying the contents of the up-down counter 1, 303 by the unit distance signal k2. The display section 309 displays the direction value of the VBM display direction, and displays the contents of the up-down counters 2,308. The timer 311 is a timer that measures a certain amount of time from when the operating power of the device is turned on.
It measures the preheating time of the magnetron mentioned in the explanation of the VBM generator 307. During this preheating time, the clock CK3 is applied, and during other times, the output of the pulse generator 305 is applied to the up-down counter 2,308. , outputs a signal to control gate 306, and outputs a signal to control gate 312.
Outputs a control signal for gating so that the output from the signal is only the FBM signal and VBM signal. The gate 312 receives display data a2, FRM,
VRM, VBM, FBM, SHF, alarm mark b2
This is a gate for outputting a display digital signal a3 (for example, 5 bits in parallel) that compiles the signals of blinking and VBM rotation caused by a timer and gives it to the display section 4. The moving mark selection (switch) 313 is
This is a switch for selecting and setting VRM or VBM. The SHF generator 314 performs an AND gate on the bow direction signal d1 and the sweep signal 2 (circumferential direction) f2 to generate a signal for displaying a bow display line as shown in FIG. 4A d. (5) The display unit 4 has the functional block configuration shown in FIG. 5, and the functional elements, that is, devices or circuits, perform the following operations. The main signal waveform of the display section 4 is shown in the 5th A.
As shown in the figure. Sweep signal 1 (distance direction) d2 is the detection signal
This is a signal that determines the sweep speed in the distance direction, that is, the amount of spiral pitch in the radial direction for displaying the PPI screen display as a spiral sweep image, and is, for example, a parallel 8-bit digital signal from the counter 2272 in Fig. 3F. . The DA converter 401 converts the sweep signals 1 and d2 into
DA conversion is performed and one period per screen sweep (for example,
A distance sweep signal a5 having a sawtooth wave with a period equivalent to 60 Hz is output. The sweep signal 2 (circumferential direction) f2 is a signal that contributes to the sweep in the circumferential direction, that is, the rotational direction, in conjunction with the sweep by the sweep signals 1 and d2, and is obtained from the counter 2271 in FIG. It is a rectangular wave signal whose period is one rotation of the sweep, and is a rectangular wave having the same period as a horizontal scanning signal of a television (a period corresponding to about 16 KHz), for example. The filter 411 is a wave filter for extracting only the fundamental sine wave component of the sweep signals 2 and f2, for example, a low-pass wave filter of about 16 KHz, and outputs a sine wave circumferential sweep signal b5. Analog multiplication 402 multiplies distance sweep signal a5 and circumferential sweep signal b5, and outputs a sinusoidal composite sweep signal c5 with sawtooth amplitude modulation. The phase shifter 403 delays the phase of the composite sweep signal c5 and outputs it based on the display digital signal a3.
A Y-axis deflection signal d that matches the display signal of each color given to the CRT416 and the synchronization starting point of the screen display (the starting point of the circumferential sweep, that is, the starting point of the azimuth angle)
Outputs 5. The amplifier 405 converts the Y-axis deflection signal d5 into a CRT.
416 to perform the desired amount of deflection scanning. A transformer 406 outputs Y from the output of the amplifier 405.
This is to obtain a deflection voltage suitable for the yoke 407, and a step-up transformer is used to ensure that a sufficiently high voltage applied to the yoke can be obtained even when the voltage of the circuit power supply of the amplifier 405 is low. The Y yoke 407 is a deflection yoke of the CRT 416 in the Y axis direction. The 90° phase shifter 404 shifts the phase of the Y-axis deflection signal d5 by 90° to generate a cosine wave X having sawtooth amplitude modulation.
Outputs the axis deflection signal e5. Amplifier 408, transformer 409, X yoke 4
10, the X-axis deflection signal e5 is transmitted to the amplifier 405 and the transformer 4 with respect to the X-axis deflection of the CRT 416.
06, operates in the same way as Y yoke 407. From the sweep signal 2, f2, the high voltage generator 412
This is a high voltage generating circuit that generates high voltage for the CRT416, such as a flyback transformer circuit, and generates the high voltage in synchronization with the sweep signals 2 and f2 to prevent the occurrence of asynchronous striped patterns in brightness due to ripples. The color encoder 413 is, for example, a color matrix, and the display digital signal a3
Each color G, B, R (green, blue, red) signal is output by making the digital value correspond to the desired color classification. The Plotter signal c2 changes the image to a non-colored (dark color) only when the detected image with a signal strength of a certain level or higher that was displayed on the display screen during the previous exploration (rotation of the antenna 101) moves. If the image is a ship, for example, it is a signal to display the trajectory of the image in a dark color.This signal c2 is a color signal. When applied to the encoder 413, for example, by negating all the inputs of the display digital signal a3, all the outputs of each color G, B, and R become non-output. The retrace signal e2 is a signal corresponding to the so-called unblanking signal of the CRT 416, and has the same synchronization period as the sweep signals 1 and d2, and has the blanking period width portion of the spiral sweep of the display screen and the spiral sweep display period width portion. This is a rectangular wave signal that is a concatenation of . The sawtooth wave generator 415 converts the display period width portion of the retrace signal e2 into a sawtooth wave averaged luminance signal f5 that rises in an approximate logarithmic curve shape from its starting point. This luminance averaged signal f5 is given to the color encoder 413, and the diode bias value of the color matrix is changed, for example, so that the amplitude of the output of each color G, B, and R by the display digital signal a3 is proportional to the amplitude of this signal f5. By changing the CRT416 display screen,
To prevent uneven brightness caused by spiral sweep, where the brightness becomes higher toward the center, and to make the display brightness uniform over the entire screen. The amplifier 414 amplifies the G, B, and R signals of each color to an output that provides the desired brightness, and outputs the signals to the CRT4.
This is an amplifier group for supplying signals to the brightness modulation electrodes of each of the 16 colors. The CRT416 is a color cathode ray tube, for example, a color cathode ray tube with a rectangular screen for televisions, rotated 90 degrees from the front and oriented vertically. In this way, deflection signals d5 and e5 are generated from sweep signals 2 and f2 and sweep signals 1 and d2.
Since the CRT416 is spiral-swept and the memory 3,205 is read out in synchronization with the sweep signals f2, d2, the PPI is displayed on the display surface of the CRT416.
Display is obtained. First, in FIG. 3, when the manual switch of the alarm setting section 217 is turned on, in this example, if a strong reflected signal is received at a distance within a predetermined range, this will be detected and the corresponding image will be displayed blinking. It will be done like this. A specific example for this will be explained with reference to FIG. In the alarm setting section 217, as mentioned earlier, the distance direction address counter 227
A gate signal within a predetermined range is generated from the address No.2. Distance direction address counter 22
Reference numeral 72 generates an address ranging from the minimum distance to the maximum distance of the detection distance, regardless of the range setting of the range setting section 213. Therefore, for example, the maximum address of these addresses becomes the maximum detection distance in the range set at that time, and the minimum address becomes the minimum detection distance. Figure 7 shows fixed marks l ₁ to l ₅ on the CRT display surface.
As shown, the adjacent intervals of l ₂ to l ₅ are equal,
l ₁ is located inside l ₂ with an interval of 1/2 of that interval. Corresponding to such a fixed distance mark, the distance direction address counter 2272
For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, pulses p ₁ to p ₅ are repeatedly generated in sequence in correspondence with these l ₁ to l ₅ . This pulse is detected by pulse detector 601. In other words, the addresses corresponding to these are the detector 6
At the same time, the pulse p ₂ from the counter 2272 is divided by the quaternary counter 602, and the divided output is supplied to the detector 601 to generate pulses p ₂ to p ₅ as shown in FIG. 8B. It is distributed sequentially and supplied to the selector 603. Note that the pulse p ₁ is detected by the detector 601.
This is also supplied to the selector 603. The range set by the range setting section 213 is given to the selector 603, and two pulses are selected corresponding to both ends of the set range. That is, in this example, the alarm setting range is 1 nautical mile to 2 nautical miles regardless of the setting range, and
When range setting section 213 is set to 2 nautical miles, pulses _p3 and _p5 are selected by selector 603 and supplied to the set and reset terminals of flip-flop 604, respectively, as shown in FIG. 8C. When the range setting unit 213 is set to 4 nautical miles, pulses p ₂ and p ₃ are taken out by the selector 603 and sent to the flip-flop 604 as shown in FIG. 8D.
When the range setting unit 213 is set to 8 nautical miles, pulses p ₁ and p ₂ are selected as shown in FIG. Supplied. Therefore, flip-flop 6
A gate signal corresponding to each setting range is obtained from the Q output terminal of 04, and the width of this gate signal is 1.
This is the period during which detection signals are obtained from nautical miles to 2 nautical miles. This gate signal is supplied to AND gate 605. From the terminal 606 to the AND gate 605,
A signal that becomes high level when the proximity alarm switch is turned on is provided, and this signal at the terminal 606 is also provided to the prohibition gate 607. Selector 6
The two outputs of 03 are sent to the inhibit gate 60 through the flip-flop 604 as well as the OR gate 608.
7, and the output of this inhibit gate 607 is supplied to gate 312. The prohibition gate 607 intermittently performs a prohibition effect when a reflected wave of a predetermined level or higher is present within the set alarm range. When the proximity alarm switch is turned on but no alarm is generated, that is, when strong level reflected waves are not received, the prohibition gate 607 operates according to the setting value set in the range setting section 213 at that time. Then, any two sets of pulses shown in FIGS. 8C-E, which are actually digital signals, are applied to gate 312, which is applied to CRT display 416 for display as previously described. Therefore, for example, the range setting section 21
3 is set to 4 nautical miles, the pulse p ₂ ,
Since p ₃ is selected, ring l ₂ is selected as shown in Figure 9.
and _l3 are displayed to indicate that a proximity alarm is set in the range between rings _l2 and _l3 . If a strong reflected signal is received within this set range, this will be notified. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, if the output of the shift register 206 is a code indicating a reflection signal that is stronger than a predetermined level, this is detected by the strong level detector 609, and this detection output is displayed by blinking the corresponding video. However, in this example, a proximity warning signal is issued without being affected by noise by confirming not only one detection but also multiple consecutive angular detections. For example, the output of the strong level detector 609 is supplied to an AND gate 611 and is sent to a delay circuit 612 for one count period of the address counter 2271, that is, in this example, the display angle is 0.5.
It is supplied to the AND gate 611 after being delayed by the time necessary for the degree display direction to rotate. Therefore, only when a similarly strong reflected wave is received at an adjacent detection angle at the same distance, a strong level reflected signal is detected by the AND gate 611, and this is detected by the AND gate 605.
is supplied to This detected strong level signal passes through AND gate 605 and is supplied to AND gate 613 when the Q output of flip-flop 604 is at a high level, that is, when the detection signal is within the set alarm range. Furthermore, in this example, the AND gate 61
When the detection signal from 1 is detected continuously not only during one rotation of the antenna but also during multiple rotational scans, it is determined as a proximity warning. Therefore, for example, the output of the AND gate 605 is the output of the flip-flop 614.
is supplied to the set terminal of , and also to the AND gate 615 . Therefore, AND gate 605
When more output is generated, the flip-flop 614
is set. The Q output of this flip-flop 614 becomes high level, and the subsequent heading direction signal
The flip-flop 614 is reset by the signal d ₁ , but before that, the flip-flop 614 is reset by the signal d ₁ .
14 high level is D type flip-flop 61
6. Therefore, the high level output of the flip-flop 616 opens the gate 615, and when a high level output is obtained from the AND gate 605 again, it is supplied to the flip-flop 617 through the gate 615, and the flip-flop 617 is set to generate an alarm signal. The buzzer 618 is driven by the output. Note that in the initial state, the flip-flops 614, 61
7 is in the reset state and therefore AND gate 6
05, the flip-flop 614 is set, and even if the high level is then read into the flip-flop 616 by the bow direction signal _d1 , the flip-flop 614 is reset at that time. Then, if a higher level than the AND gate 605 is not detected during one revolution of the antenna, the next heading signal d ₁ causes the low level of the flip-flop 614 to be read into the flip-flop 616 and the AND gate 6
15 closes. That is, if no high-level signal is detected in two consecutive detections in all directions, the flip-flop 617 will not be set, ie, no alarm will be generated. However, if a strong reflection is detected by the AND gate 605 in two consecutive omnidirectional detection operations, an alarm is issued. In this way, an alarm is generated and a corresponding image is flashed. Therefore, flip-flop 6
The output of 17 is supplied to AND gate 619.
The clock ck1 is frequency-divided by a frequency divider 621 to become a blinking signal that repeats on/off, that is, high level and low level, every 0.5 seconds, and this signal is supplied to the AND gate 613. Therefore, the strong level signal from the AND gate 605 repeatedly passes through and does not pass through the AND gate 613 every 0.5 seconds, for example, and the output of this AND gate 613 is supplied to the inhibition gate 211 as an inhibition signal. Ru. The output of the shift register 206 is supplied to the inhibit gate 211 . Therefore, if a strong level reflection signal is obtained within the set proximity alarm area, it may be caused by e.g.
It will pass or not pass through the prohibition gate 211 every 0.5 seconds, and the strong level reflection will be
This will be displayed blinking on the CRT display screen. Further, in this example, when an alarm is issued, not only the corresponding image is displayed blinking, but also the alarm ring indicating the alarm setting range is displayed blinking.
That is, the output of the AND gate 619 is also supplied to the prohibition gate 607 as a prohibition signal. Unless the output of the AND gate 619 is supplied as a prohibition signal to the prohibition gate 607, the display on the alarm setting ring will not blink in the state where the alarm is not issued. In the previous example, regardless of the range setting change,
Although an alarm is always generated when a strong level reflected signal is received within a predetermined range of, for example, 1 to 2 nautical miles, it is also possible to change the alarm setting range. For example, the maximum setting range generally varies such as 2 nautical miles, 4 nautical miles, 8 nautical miles, 16 nautical miles, and 32 nautical miles, and as can be seen from this example, the settings are set in binary numbers. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the lower limit and upper limit of the setting range are set in the alarm setting units 2171 and 2172, respectively, and these set values are applied to the shift circuits 701 and 702, respectively, and the range setting unit in these shift circuits is set. For example, the outputs of circuits 701 and 702 are set to 1 depending on the setting value of 213.
Shift bits to lower digits, shift to higher digits,
The larger the maximum range is, the more the digits are shifted to the lower digits, and the smaller the maximum range is, the more the digits are shifted to the higher digits.
2, and if they match, the flip-flop 604 is reset by the matching output. In this way, the setting range can be changed according to the setting values of the corresponding alarm setting sections 2171 and 2172, and a gate signal corresponding to these can be obtained. 605 and signal processing can be performed in the same manner as described with respect to FIG. As mentioned above, according to the detection device of this invention, it is possible to extract reflected signals of a predetermined level or higher within a set range, and in particular, as shown in the previous example, the directional resolution of the pointing angle is adjacent to and continuous. When a strong-level reflection is obtained at the same distance for a target object, malfunctions due to noise can be prevented by setting the desired strong-level reflection. Similarly, the influence of noise can be eliminated by generating an alarm signal when a strong level reflection is obtained within the desired setting range in any of a plurality of consecutive directional rotations. In any case, this invention processes the detection signal once stored in the memory, and the processing is simple, and the video of the corresponding strong level signal within the setting range is displayed blinking, so it can be processed immediately on the display screen. It is possible to read the detection signal. In the above description, this invention was applied to a radar, but it can be similarly applied to an ultrasonic detection device. Furthermore, it can also be applied to black and white display. Moreover, it can be applied not only to the proximity warning but also to detect and notify the presence of a detection signal of a predetermined level or higher within a set distance range. First, when the power switch is turned on, the timer 311 is operated for a time corresponding to the preheating time of the transmitting tube, and the elapsed time of the timer is displayed angularly on the display screen of the CRT, as explained in Fig. 4. However, a detailed example thereof will be further explained with reference to FIG. When the timer 311 is turned on by a switch 801 interlocked with the power switch, its output becomes high level after a time determined by the preheating time of the radar transmitting tube, for example, 3 minutes, has elapsed. Therefore, if the radar is in operation, the output of the timer 311 is always at a high level, the AND gate 802 in the gate 306 is open, and the inhibit gate 803 is open.
is closed. When the moving mark selection switch 313 is switched to the gate 306 side, the pulse from the pulse generator 305 and a signal indicating the rotation direction are inputted through the gate 802 and further through the OR gate 804 to the up/down counter 308 to count up or down. will be counted down. The count content of the counter 308 indicates the set angle of the variable angle mark. The contents of each count of this counter 308 and the rotational direction address counter 2271 are compared in a coincidence detection circuit 805, and when they match, the coincidence output generates a digital VBM signal from a code generator 806 and supplies it to the gate 312. . The count content of the counter 308 may be displayed as the number of angles on the display section 309, but in FIG. 11, the number of angles is displayed as follows. The input clock of the rotational direction address counter 2271 (this is generated every 0.5° rotation of the electron beam on the CRT) is input to the counter 8 through the changeover switch 807.
08. Switch 807 is timer 3
When the output of 11 is high level, the 1/N frequency divider 22
If the output of the timer 311 is at a low level, the output of the 1/2 frequency divider 809 is selected and supplied to the counter 808. On the other hand, each time the rotation direction address counter 2271 becomes zero, the flip-flop 811 is set.
It is reset by a match output from 5 onwards. The output of flip-flop 811 is applied to reset terminal R of counter 808. Therefore, from the time address counter 2271 becomes zero until a match is detected by match detection circuit 805, counter 808 is reset and counts the input clock. The count value is determined by the coincidence detection circuit 80.
At the rising edge of the coincidence output of 5, it is latched on the display section 309. The display on the display unit 309 indicates the setting value of the variable angle mark (VBM) with an accuracy of 0.5°. Only 0.5° is represented by displaying 812 decimal points. In this embodiment, the configuration for generating and displaying the VBM signal is used to display the waiting time state from power-on to the start of transmission. When the power is turned on, the output of the timer 311 is at a low level and the inhibit gate 803 is opened. Therefore, when the power is turned on and the clock ck3 is generated, the frequency of this clock is divided by the frequency dividing circuit 800 into a clock having a period of 0.25 seconds, and the clock is counted up by the up-down counters 2 and 308 through the gates 803 and 804.
Since the period of this clock is 0.25 seconds, if we count 720 clocks, 3 minutes will have elapsed, and since the display resolution is 0.5° in this example, the maximum count value of the rotation direction address counter 2271 is 720. This counter 308
Similar to the VBM mark, the counting status of is displayed on the CRT display screen as shown in FIG. 12, and this rotates around the display screen once every 3 minutes in this example from the time the power is turned on until the end of the transmission waiting time. By looking at the angle display on the CRT display screen, you can intuitively see how much time has passed since the power was turned on, and how long it will take to start transmitting. Furthermore, since this is aligned with the position of the indicator light that lights up when transmission is enabled, both can be seen at the same time. In this example, the code generated by the code generator 806 is switched by the output of the timer 311, and the VBM mark and transmission waiting time are displayed in different colors.
This avoids the possibility of confusion. In addition, although the maximum value of the VBM angle is displayed on the display unit 309 as 360°, the elapsed transmission waiting time is displayed in this example as the maximum value.
Since the time is 180 seconds (3 minutes), the output of the frequency divider 226 is divided in half by the frequency divider 809 and is supplied to the counter 808 through the switch 807. Therefore, the elapsed time since the power was turned on is displayed on the display section 30.
9 will be displayed. In this way, the elapsed time from power-on to the transmission standby state is displayed angularly on the CRT display screen, and by looking at it, you can immediately know the time until transmission is possible. Furthermore, when using a configuration for generating a VBM mark signal as in this example, it is possible to display the elapsed transmission waiting time by adding only a few parts. This can be applied not only when the CRT display is swept spirally to display PPI, but also when it is swept radially to display PPI. Furthermore, it can be applied not only to color display but also to black and white display. It was previously explained that the brightness averaged signal f5 shown in FIG. 5A is generated from the end of the retrace signal e2 by the sawtooth wave generator 415 in order to substantially average the display brightness over the entire surface. This will be explained with reference to FIG. That is, the collector of the transistor 901 is connected to the power supply terminal 902, and the emitter is connected to the resistor 90.
3 is grounded, the base is connected to the terminal 904, and the power supply terminal 9 is connected through the resistor 905.
02 and is further grounded through a capacitor 906, and this base is connected to a capacitor 907,
Grounded through diode 908. terminal 90
4 is given a retrace signal e2. Capacitors 906 and 907 are charged from power supply terminal 902, but when retrace signal e2 is applied to terminal 904 at time t1 as shown in FIG. The base potential of transistor 901 suddenly drops, and the emitter potential of transistor 901 becomes
As shown by signal f5 in the figure, it suddenly descends. Due to this drop in base potential, diode 908 is reverse biased and turned off. The output side of the circuit that generates the retrace signal e2 connected to the terminal 904 is, for example, a so-called open collector circuit, and the retrace signal e2
circuit 415 during periods other than time points t1 and t2.
The impedance is made infinite when viewed from the side. Therefore, from the end of the retrace signal e2, that is, from the time t2 at the beginning of the display period, the capacitor 906
The charging time constant is determined by the resistor 905 and the capacitor 906, and the base potential of the transistor 901 rises rapidly, and the signal f
5 rises with a steep logarithmic function as shown in the solid line shown in FIG. As charging of the capacitor 906 progresses and the diode 908 becomes conductive, the base potential of the transistor 901 increases from time t3 with a time constant determined by the capacitors 906 and 907 and the resistor 905, and this rate of increase is slower than before. Become. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, if only the capacitor 906 is charged, the rise in the signal f5 obtained at the emitter of the transistor 901 will be as shown by the dotted line from time t3, but since the capacitor 907 is also charged, As shown by the solid line, the rise becomes slower. The signal f5 obtained from the fast charging characteristics and slow charging characteristics is sent to the color encoder 413.
Transistor 91 in red light control circuit 909 in
1. The display digital signal a3 is sent to the color encoder 413 from a terminal 913 through a diode 912 to the base of the transistor 911.
A red signal converted within is supplied. The collector of transistor 911 is connected to power supply terminal 902, and the emitter is connected to output terminal 914 and grounded through resistor 915. Therefore, when a red signal is applied to the terminal 913, the output obtained at the terminal 914 is controlled by the signal f5, and is made smaller as the detection distance becomes shorter. The signal f5 is also supplied to a green signal control circuit 916 and a blue signal control circuit 917, respectively, and the green signal and blue signal given to terminals 918 and 919, respectively, are controlled and sent to terminal 9.
21,922. Terminals 914, 921,
Each output of 922 is provided to amplifier 414 in FIG. In this way, the levels of the red signal, green signal, and blue signal are changed simultaneously in an approximate logarithmic curve, and the level of each pixel is lowered toward the center of the PPI display, and the overall brightness becomes almost uniform, and The brightness becomes almost uniform, and uniform resolution can be obtained.
Although this was applied to a spiral scanning type PPI display, the same effect can be obtained when applied to a radial scanning type PPI display. Furthermore, this can be applied not only to radars but also to color-displayed fish finders when displaying PPI. Display of specific equipment in the embodiment of this invention
The operating section has a configuration as shown in FIG. 15, and each section performs the following functional operations. The moving direction mark instruction value display corresponds to the display section 309 in FIG. 3, and operates as follows. [When the power is turned on] (When the operation switch is moved from OFF to SB) It is a 3-digit LED numerical display that digitally displays the second clock as a 3-minute timer.
01 (Figure 16) displays 0.5 seconds. At the same time, the green radius line rotates like a clock hand on the CRT416 screen to display an analog clock. Due to the configuration of the counting circuit, one revolution of the pointer is set to 180 seconds. Note that nothing other than the radius line and fixed angle mark is displayed on the screen. [During normal operation] The display numerically indicates the indicated angle of the moving direction mark (VBM) displayed on the CRT screen. In this case, the period 1201 indicates 0.5°. The range display corresponds to the display section 212 in FIG. 3, and is a two-digit LED numerical display section that displays the range selected with the range selection switch in units of nautical miles. Lights up when the plotter switch is on, and blinks during actual plotting. The travel distance mark is displayed on the display section 304 in Fig. 4.
It is a 3-digit LED numerical display that displays the distance value of the traveled distance mark (VRM) displayed on the CRT display screen in nautical miles.
A period 1203 (FIG. 16) displays a decimal point. The moving mark selection switch corresponds to the moving mark selection switch 313 in FIG. 4, and is a three-stage switch that performs the following operations. Upper stage: When the mark movement knob is turned in this position, a signal indicating the direction of rotation and a pulse corresponding to the amount of rotation are generated from the pulse generator 305 in FIG. 4, and the VBM is moved. VRM
is displayed in a fixed state. Middle: Both VRM and VBM
It is not displayed on the CRT screen. Lower row: When set to this position and turning the mark movement knob, the VRM will move. When VRM is at its minimum (image center point), no change will occur even if the mark movement knob is turned further down.
Conversely, the same holds true when the outer circumference is at its maximum. VBM is displayed in a fixed state. The mark movement knob corresponds to the pulse generator 305 and operates in conjunction with the movement mark selection switch to move each movement mark (VRM/VBM). The tuning control knob is connected to the transmitter/receiver section 102 in FIG.
It synchronizes with radio waves, and when synchronization is achieved, the synchronization display LED changes from green to red. The sensitivity control knob sets the degree of amplification of the display signal to the fifth level.
It is adjusted by the amplifier 414 shown in the figure. The STC control knob adjusts the amount of sea surface reflection suppression using time sensitivity control. The range selection switch corresponds to the range setting section 213 in FIG.
One of 8, 16, and 32 nautical miles can be selected. The brightness knob controls the image on the CRT display screen, each
Adjust the LED display brightness. The operation switch is a 4-contact switch, and from the right, the settings are power OFF, power ON (SB = standby), power ON (transmission), and power ON (FTC). In addition, the operation display LED will turn green 3 minutes after turning on the power (SB) and will be ready to send.
When set to (transmission) or (FTC) side, it turns red.
If you turn the power OFF and then directly turn the power ON (sending) (FTC), the data will be automatically sent after 3 minutes. The proximity alarm switch is the alarm setting section 2 in Fig. 3.
17, and when turned ON, a red ring line, 〇23, will be displayed on the CRT display screen at the two specified distance values, for example, 1 nautical mile and 2 nautical mile.
When a strong detection signal image (red) is continuously received between the two ring wires 〇23 during each of the two rotations of the antenna 101, the ring wire and its detection signal image (red) blink. A buzzer can also be installed as an option. The operating range can be specified as 2, 4, or 8 nautical miles. The plotter switch corresponds to the plotter setting section 224 in Fig. 3, and when it is turned on the upper side, the yellow and red color that is displayed on the CRT display screen is displayed every 30 seconds, and when it is turned on the lower side, every 3 minutes. Plot the detected signal image (display the track). If you want to cancel plotting, turn the plotter switch OFF (midway position) and then turn it on to the upper or lower side. It is automatically canceled when the range selection switch is changed. The SHF/fixed mark display switch is
It is a spring-back type switch in the middle and bottom, and is usually held in the middle. Each time it is pushed upward, both fixed marks (FRM/FBM) are displayed and erased alternately. The SHF (head direction indicator line) disappears only while it is pushed downwards. The CRT display surface corresponds to the display surface of CRT416 in FIG. 5, and is the display surface of a color cathode ray tube.
The PPI display image of the detection signal is displayed as a spiral-swept image, colored according to signal strength, and each scale and mark is displayed in a specific color. The LED display group has an LED numeric display placed above and in front of the CRT display surface, and a detection image by spiral sweep is displayed on the remaining portion of the CRT display surface covered by this display group. The color classification for each display is as shown in the table below. 【table】

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall block configuration of a radar to which this invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the block configuration of the antenna section 1, Fig. 2A is an example of signal waveforms of the main parts of the antenna section 1, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the memory/waveform example. A schematic diagram of the block configuration of the control unit 2, FIG. 3A is a diagram of the operation time relationship of the main parts of the memory, FIG. 3B is a layout diagram of the memory 2, 204, FIG. 3C is a layout diagram of the memory 3, 205, and FIG. 3D is a spiral diagram. Figure 3E is a diagram of the relationship between the sweep and memory layout, Figure 3E is a diagram of the relationship between spiral sweep and counters 2 and 3, Figure 3F is a block diagram of counter 4, Figure 3G is a display image of the alarm range, and Figure 3H is a diagram of the relationship between the spiral sweep and counters 2 and 3. Figure 3I is a signal relationship diagram for alarm operation, and Figure 4 is a signal relationship diagram for plotter operation.
The figure is a schematic diagram of the block configuration of the marker generating section 3.
Figure A is a diagram of the relationship between the spiral sweep and the display of each mark, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the block configuration of the display section 4,
Figure A is a signal waveform diagram of the main parts of the display section 4, Figure 6 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the alarm signal generation part, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the fixed distance mark, and Figure 8 is a diagram of the alarm signal depending on the range. Figure 9 shows a selection example, Figure 9 shows an alarm distance setting mark, Figure 10 shows an example of a partial configuration of the alarm signal generation section when the alarm setting range is variable, and Figure 11 shows the waiting time. A configuration diagram showing a specific example of displaying the remaining settings in angle, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of waiting time angle display, FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of brightness modulation, and FIG. 14 is an explanation thereof. FIG. 15 is a front view showing a specific example of the display scanning unit, and FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the display of the LED display group 16.

Claims (1)

[Claim for Utility Model Registration] A wave pulse is emitted while rotating the pointing direction of the transmitting/receiving beam, and the detection signal obtained by receiving the reflected wave is digitally converted according to its amplitude level and stored in a memory. Then, the stored detection signals in each angular direction are sequentially read out over the entire detection signal by distance unit, and then supplied to the scanning display, and in synchronization with the repetition of the reading, each circuit line is In a rotating wave detection device that scans the display surface of the scanning display in a closely spaced spiral pattern and displays the detection signal in PPI, a gate signal indicating a set distance range is generated in synchronization with the scanning. A rotating wave detection device comprising a gate signal generating means, a gate for extracting the readout signal using the gate signal, and a means for blinking a corresponding image on the display surface of the scanning display using the gate output. Device.