JPH0112881B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0112881B2 JPH0112881B2 JP55119374A JP11937480A JPH0112881B2 JP H0112881 B2 JPH0112881 B2 JP H0112881B2 JP 55119374 A JP55119374 A JP 55119374A JP 11937480 A JP11937480 A JP 11937480A JP H0112881 B2 JPH0112881 B2 JP H0112881B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- dissipating
- float
- suspended
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、港湾、内海、外海或いは湖に付設
し、波浪エネルギーを効果的に減衰させることに
より、例えば、養殖或いは埋め立て工事のための
防波施設として用いることのできる浮消波堤に関
するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention can be installed in a harbor, inland sea, open sea, or lake to effectively attenuate wave energy, thereby providing protection for, for example, aquaculture or land reclamation work. This invention relates to a floating wave bank that can be used as a wave facility.
（従来の技術）
魚、海苔、真珠等の養殖或いは土地拡大のため
の埋め立て工事を含む海洋開発は、海洋の波浪エ
ネルギーをどのようにして減衰制御するかという
技術に負うところが大きい。(Prior Art) Marine development, including the cultivation of fish, seaweed, pearls, etc., and land reclamation work to expand land, is largely dependent on the technology of how to attenuate and control ocean wave energy.
波浪の減衰手段としては、次の二つに大別する
することができる。 Wave attenuation means can be broadly classified into the following two types.
海底或いは湖底に固定される防波堤。 A breakwater fixed to the ocean floor or lake bed.
海面（中）或いは湖面（中）に浮遊させ、位
置固定の為に係留させる浮消波堤。 A floating wave bank that floats on the surface of the sea (in the middle) or on the surface of the lake (in the middle) and is moored to fix its position.
上記海底或いは湖底に固定される防波堤は、消
波効果は大きいが大量の構築材料を要し、且つ、
深いところには設置できないという問題がある。 The above-mentioned breakwaters fixed to the seabed or lake bottom have a great wave-dissipating effect, but require a large amount of construction materials, and
The problem is that it cannot be installed in deep places.
また、一旦付設すると簡単に撤去できないの
で、上述の養殖には適せず、専ら恒久的な港湾を
形成する堤防として用いられている。 Furthermore, once installed, they cannot be easily removed, so they are not suitable for the above-mentioned aquaculture, and are used exclusively as embankments to form permanent harbors.
後者の浮消波堤は、こうした固定の防波堤では
達成できない目的のために案出されたものであ
り、その具体的な手段としては、所定の間隔で連
ねた多数の浮体（通常は球体である）を、その一
部を海面に突出させた状態で海底に係留する方法
を採つており、その基本的な技術として、次の点
が留意されている。 The latter type of floating breakwater was devised for purposes that could not be achieved by such fixed breakwaters, and its specific means is to construct a large number of floating bodies (usually spherical) connected at predetermined intervals. ) is moored to the seabed with part of it protruding above the sea surface, and the following points are kept in mind as the basic technology.
波が進行するときには、すべての水粒子はそれ
ぞれの平均位置より変位して運動しているので、
その波は変位と運動を引き起こしただけの位置エ
ネルギー（Ep）と、運動エネルギー（Ek）を保
有している。水面から水底までの単位面積当たり
の波のもつエネルギーを微小振幅波理論によつて
計算すると、１周期の平均ではEpとEkは等し
く、波高をHm、海水の単位体積重量をｗ（ｔ／
m3）とすれば、波のもつ全エネルギーＥは次式で
示される。 Ｅ＝Ｅ
ｐ＋Ek
＝wH2／16＋wH2／16＝wH2／８
実際に浮消波堤を設置する海域の波は殆ど深海
波ではなく浅海波であるため、各水深の水粒子の
運動は円形ではなく、楕円形となり長軸、短軸は
水底に行くしたがつて急激に小さくなり、水底で
は短軸は０となり水粒子は水平方向の往復運動だ
けとなる。またその波速も長軸、短軸の減少率に
比例して小さくなるのである。 When a wave travels, all water particles are displaced from their average positions, so
The wave possesses enough potential energy (Ep) and kinetic energy (Ek) to cause displacement and motion. When the energy of waves per unit area from the water surface to the water bottom is calculated using minute amplitude wave theory, Ep and Ek are equal on the average of one cycle, the wave height is Hm, and the unit volume weight of seawater is w(t/
m 3 ), the total energy E of the wave is expressed by the following equation. E = E p + Ek = wH 2 /16 + wH 2 /16 = wH 2 /8 Since most of the waves in the sea area where floating breakwaters are actually installed are shallow sea waves rather than deep sea waves, the motion of water particles at each depth is circular. Instead, it becomes an ellipse, and the long and short axes become rapidly smaller as they go to the bottom of the water, where the short axis becomes 0 and the water particles only move back and forth in the horizontal direction. In addition, the wave velocity also decreases in proportion to the rate of decrease in the major and minor axes.
そこで、上述の従来の浮消波堤は、浮体の海面
上に突出している部分で、上記海面（水面）を直
進する波のエネルギーを直接反射して減衰させ、
また、その浮体の海中に没した部分によつて、上
記下向きの回転エネルギーを撹乱し、減衰させて
いる。つまり、下向きの回転エネルギーについて
換言すると、浮体の海水中に占めるマス（嵩と質
量）によつて波浪の水粒子の回転運動を乱す等し
て波浪エネルギーを損失させているのである。 Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional floating wave bank is a part of the floating body that protrudes above the sea surface, and directly reflects and attenuates the energy of waves traveling straight on the sea surface (water surface).
Furthermore, the part of the floating body submerged in the sea disturbs and attenuates the downward rotational energy. In other words, regarding the downward rotational energy, the mass (volume and mass) occupied by the floating body in the seawater disturbs the rotational motion of the water particles in the waves, causing wave energy to be lost.
しかし、かかる浮体構造によると、波浪の反射
エネルギーが小さく、下向きの回転エネルギー
や、海底に近く伝播する波浪エネルギーを殆ど防
ぐことができないのである。 However, with such a floating structure, the reflected energy of waves is small, and it is almost impossible to prevent downward rotational energy or wave energy propagating close to the seabed.
又、波浪エネルギーの力が浮体の係留索に諸に
加わることとなり、係留効果や耐久性にも不安が
あり、その係留構造を頑丈なものにすれば、その
分、維持管理費も高くなるという問題があつた。 In addition, the force of wave energy will be applied to the mooring cables of the floating body, raising concerns about the mooring effectiveness and durability, and if the mooring structure is made stronger, maintenance costs will increase accordingly. There was a problem.
そこで、特開昭50−103824号公報に示すように
海面に位置させた浮体と海中に位置させた水受体
とを引張連結材で連結し、その浮体に作用する表
面波のエネルギーを水受体に伝播して水受体の運
動により波浪エネルギーを減衰させるという技術
が提案された。 Therefore, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-103824, a floating body located on the sea surface and a water receiver located in the sea are connected by a tensile connecting member, and the energy of the surface waves acting on the floating body is transferred to the water receiver. A technology has been proposed in which wave energy propagates through the body and attenuates it through the motion of a water receptor.
しかし、上記従来構造によれば、表面波に対し
ては消波効果を期待することができるが、浮体と
水受体との間は、単に引張連結材が存在するだけ
であるので、ここを通過する海流のエネルギー
（入射エネルーと言う）に対しては全く消波、減
衰効果を期待できなかつたのである。 However, according to the above conventional structure, although a wave-dissipating effect can be expected against surface waves, there is only a tensile connecting material between the floating body and the water receiving body. No wave dissipation or attenuation effect could be expected for the energy of passing ocean currents (referred to as incident energy).
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
そこで、特開昭48−20336号公報、特開昭48−
25349号公報及び実開昭52−148537号公報で示さ
れるように懸垂消波板を取りつけたものが提案さ
れたが、これらの懸垂消波板はいずれも前後の取
りつけ位置が同じであるために、海中の中間層の
入射エネルギーは、波の進行寄り（前方）の懸垂
消波板のみ作用して後方の懸垂消波板は余り作用
せず、その結果、入射エネルギーが前方の懸垂消
波板に集中的に作用して制動板を含む全体が傾
き、浮体が上下しても制動板が斜めに海水を切る
ように作用するだけであるために仕事量が少なく
なり、その結果、制動板による波浪の減衰効果が
少なくなるという問題があつた。(Problem to be solved by the invention) Therefore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 48-20336,
As shown in Publication No. 25349 and Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 52-148537, it was proposed that suspended wave-absorbing plates were attached, but these suspended wave-dissipating plates were installed at the same position on the front and rear. , the incident energy in the intermediate layer of the sea acts only on the suspended wave absorbing plate near the wave's progress (in front), and the rear suspended wave absorbing plate does not act much.As a result, the incident energy is transferred to the suspended wave absorbing plate in the front. The entire body including the brake plate tilts, and even if the floating body goes up and down, the brake plate only acts diagonally to cut the seawater, so the amount of work is reduced, and as a result, the brake plate There was a problem that the wave attenuation effect was reduced.
更に、上述の制動板が傾く結果、比較的大きな
うねりに出会うと、浮体が波の谷に位置したとき
に、この制動板の一方端が海底（湖底）に接当
し、この制動板を吊り下げた懸垂索が弛んで、そ
の制動機能を発揮できないという事態が起るので
ある。 Furthermore, when the above-mentioned brake plate tilts and encounters relatively large swells, one end of the brake plate will come into contact with the seabed (lake bottom) when the floating body is located in the trough of the waves, suspending the brake plate. A situation arises in which the lowered suspension cable becomes slack and cannot perform its braking function.
そして、この事態を防止しようとすれば、予め
制動板を海底から上方に大きく離して設置するこ
とが必要であり、その結果、浅い海に設置して浮
体が波の山に位置したときに、海面近くの入射エ
ネルギーを減衰できても、海底から大きく離間さ
れた制動板と海底との間を移動する入射エネルギ
ーが簡単に通過してしまうことになり、所期の目
的を達成できないという問題もあつた。 In order to prevent this situation, it is necessary to install the brake plate at a large distance above the seabed.As a result, when the floating body is installed in shallow sea and is located on the crest of a wave, Even if the incident energy near the sea surface can be attenuated, the incident energy moving between the braking plate, which is far away from the ocean floor, and the ocean floor will easily pass through, making it impossible to achieve the intended purpose. It was hot.
本発明は、上記の従来技術の問題点に鑑みて為
されたものであつて、その目的とするところは、
波の持つエネルギーを利用して制動板を作動（運
動）させ、以て波のエネルギーを消耗させること
により、波の運動エネルギーを効率良く減衰して
消波する浮消波堤において、前記制動板の作動を
確実、且つ、効率よく行わせて消波効果を高める
のみならず、懸垂消波板に作用する波の入射エネ
ルギーを利用して、消波フロート（浮体）の上下
動による制動板の上下動に加えて更に懸垂消波板
の水平方向の作動による制動板の上下動により、
波の運動エネルギーの減衰効果を一層高める点に
ある。 The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to:
In a floating wave levee that efficiently attenuates and dissipates the kinetic energy of waves by operating (moves) the brake plate using the energy of the waves and thereby consuming the energy of the waves, the brake plate In addition to increasing the wave-dissipating effect by ensuring the operation of the wave-dissipating float (floating body) reliably and efficiently, the incident energy of waves acting on the suspended wave-dissipating plate can be used to reduce the damping plate by vertical movement of the wave-dissipating float (floating body). In addition to the vertical movement, the vertical movement of the brake plate due to the horizontal movement of the suspended wave-dissipating plate causes
The point is to further enhance the attenuation effect of the kinetic energy of waves.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明にかかる浮消波堤は、上記課題を解決す
るべく、請求項１に記載の通り、
消波フロート１の左右長手方向両端部近くから、
該消波フロート１の前後方向にそれぞれ少なくと
も２本の係留主索６を連結して垂下させ、前記消
波フロート１が波の山にあるときにその一部が海
面上に突出又は実質的に海面近くに位置すること
ができるように前記係留主索６の長さを設定する
と共にそれらの下端部を海底に設置したアンカー
８にそれぞれ係留し、更に、前記消波フロート１
の左右長手方向両端部近くから、該消波フロート
１の前後方向にそれぞれ少なくとも２本の懸垂主
索５を連結して垂下させ、これら懸垂主索５の下
端に、水平面を有する制動板４を連結固定し、且
つ、前記懸垂主索５を、前記消波フロート１が波
の谷にあるときにその一部が海面上に突出して前
記制動板４が海底に近接する程度の長さに構成
し、前記消波フロート１の前後で対をなす前記懸
垂主索５の途中に垂直の面を有する懸垂消波板２
をそれぞれ設け、更に、前記制動板４を、前記懸
垂消波板２の受波による移動量を見越した長さの
係留支索７により前記アンカー８にそれぞれ係留
し、この構成を１ユニツトとした浮消波堤を、前
記消波フロート１の左右長手方向に所定の間隔を
もつて連設した浮消波堤において、前記懸垂消波
板２を設けるに、前記消波フロート１と前記制動
板４との間で、前記消波フロート１の前側（波の
進行方向上手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２
と、前記消波フロート１の後側（波の進行方向下
手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２とを、上下方
向に位置をずらせて設けた、
のである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the floating wavebank according to the present invention, as set forth in claim 1, includes: from near both ends of the wave-dissipating float 1 in the left and right longitudinal direction
At least two mooring main ropes 6 are connected and suspended in the front and rear directions of the wave-dissipating float 1, so that when the wave-dissipating float 1 is at the crest of a wave, a part thereof protrudes or substantially above the sea surface. The length of the mooring main ropes 6 is set so that they can be located near the sea surface, and their lower ends are moored to anchors 8 installed on the seabed, and the wave-dissipating floats 1
At least two suspension main ropes 5 are connected and suspended in the front and rear directions of the wave-dissipating float 1 from near both ends in the left and right longitudinal direction, and a brake plate 4 having a horizontal surface is attached to the lower ends of these suspension main ropes 5. The suspension main rope 5 is configured to have such a length that when the wave-dissipating float 1 is in the trough of a wave, a part thereof protrudes above the sea surface and the brake plate 4 approaches the seabed. and a suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 having a vertical surface in the middle of the suspended main rope 5 forming a pair before and after the wave-dissipating float 1.
Further, the braking plates 4 were respectively moored to the anchors 8 with mooring struts 7 having a length that anticipated the amount of movement of the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 due to received waves, and this configuration was made into one unit. In a floating wavebank in which floating wavebanks are arranged in series at a predetermined interval in the left and right longitudinal direction of the wave-dissipating float 1, when the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 is provided, the wave-dissipating float 1 and the braking plate are provided. 4, the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located in front of the wave-dissipating float 1 (on the upper side in the direction of wave travel)
and the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the rear side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (on the downstream side in the direction of wave travel) are provided with their positions shifted in the vertical direction.
（作用）
従つて、従来の構成通り、消波フロート１が波
の谷から山を迎えるときに、その消波フロート１
の浮力で波の山の頂上部に位置しようとして、係
留主索６を緊張させながら海中（水中）を上昇す
る。その結果、先ず消波フロート１自体によつて
波を反射させて海面付近での消波効果をもたら
す。同時に、この消波フロート１に垂下させた懸
垂消波板２によつて消波フロート１の下方の海中
を移動する波を反射させて消波効果を発揮すると
共にこの懸垂消波板２の下方に位置して消波フロ
ート１に垂下された制動板４が上方に移動して、
波の山の下方に生じた回転運動エネルギーを撹乱
し、もつて、制動板４による波の運動エネルギー
の消耗により消波を行うのである。(Function) Therefore, as in the conventional configuration, when the wave-dissipating float 1 reaches the peak from the trough of the wave, the wave-dissipating float 1
The mooring main rope 6 is tensed as the mooring main cable 6 rises in the sea (underwater) in an attempt to position itself at the top of the wave crest due to the buoyancy of the mooring. As a result, waves are first reflected by the wave-dissipating float 1 itself, resulting in a wave-dissipating effect near the sea surface. At the same time, the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 suspended from the wave-dissipating float 1 reflects the waves moving in the sea below the wave-dissipating float 1 to exert a wave-dissipating effect, and the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 The brake plate 4 located at and suspended from the wave-dissipating float 1 moves upward,
The rotational kinetic energy generated below the crest of the wave is disturbed, and the kinetic energy of the wave is consumed by the damping plate 4, thereby dissipating the wave.
そして、本発明では、特に、消波フロート１の
下方の前後に位置する前記懸垂消波板２を上下に
位置をずらせてあるので、この前側（波の進行方
向上手側）の懸垂消波板２と後側の懸垂消波板２
とに略均等に波の運動エネルギーを受け止めさせ
ることができ、その結果、これら懸垂消波板２に
波が作用したときに前後の懸垂索５を略同等量変
位させることができて、消波フロート１の波の山
の頂上部への上昇に伴う前記制動板４の上昇を略
水平に行うことができ、その結果、この制動板４
による海水に対する仕事量を最大限に増大さて消
波効果を高めることができるのである。 In the present invention, in particular, the suspended wave-dissipating plates 2 located at the front and rear of the lower part of the wave-dissipating float 1 are shifted vertically, so that the suspended wave-dissipating plates 2 on the front side (upward side in the direction of wave travel) are shifted vertically. 2 and rear suspended wave-dissipating plate 2
As a result, when waves act on these suspension wave-dissipating plates 2, the front and rear suspension ropes 5 can be displaced by approximately the same amount, and the wave-dissipating The braking plate 4 can be raised substantially horizontally as the float 1 rises to the top of the wave crest, and as a result, the braking plate 4
By maximizing the amount of work done to the seawater by the seawater, it is possible to enhance the wave-dissipating effect.
しかも、この前記懸垂消波板２の上下にずらせ
た配置により、消波フロート１の波の山の頂上部
への上昇に伴う制動板４の上昇による消波効果に
加え、前記懸垂消波板２で反射された波の反力に
より懸垂索５を変位させることによつて制動板４
を上昇させることができるので、この制動板４の
消波フロート１の上昇に起因する上昇速度に、前
記懸垂消波板２の変位に起因する上昇速度を重畳
させることができて、この制動板４の運動エネル
ギーを極めて大きなものとすることができ、これ
によつて、消波効果を一層高めることができたの
である。 Moreover, by vertically shifting the arrangement of the suspended wave-absorbing plate 2, in addition to the wave-dissipating effect caused by the rise of the brake plate 4 as the wave-dissipating float 1 rises to the top of the wave crest, the suspended wave-dissipating plate By displacing the suspension rope 5 by the reaction force of the wave reflected by the brake plate 4
Therefore, the rising speed of the brake plate 4 caused by the rise of the wave-dissipating float 1 can be superimposed on the rising speed caused by the displacement of the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2. The kinetic energy of 4 could be made extremely large, thereby making it possible to further enhance the wave-dissipating effect.
そして、従来と異なり、上記制動板４を殆ど傾
かせることがないので、この浮消波堤を浅い海域
に設置しても、制動板４が海底に接地することな
く充分に制動機能を発揮させることができるので
ある。 Unlike conventional methods, the brake plate 4 is hardly tilted, so even if this floating wave dyke is installed in a shallow sea area, the brake plate 4 can sufficiently exert its braking function without coming into contact with the seabed. It is possible.
尚、前記消波フロート１の前側（波の進行方向
上手側）に位置する前後懸垂消波板２が、前記消
波フロート１の後側（波の進行方向下手側）に位
置する前記懸垂消波板２よりも下方に位置するよ
うにして、前記消波フロート１が波の谷から山に
向かうときに後ろ下がりに傾斜しがちになるの
を、後ろ側の上方にある懸垂消波板２で海面近く
の大きなうねりの運動エネルギーを受け止めさせ
て、この後ろ側の懸垂索５を前側の懸垂索５より
も少し大きく変位させ、もつて、前記消波フロー
ト１の傾きに起因する制動板４の傾きを吸収し、
制動板４の水平上昇をより安定的に行うことがで
きるようにするのが好ましい。 Note that the front and rear suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the front side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (upward side in the direction of wave travel) is connected to the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the rear side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (downward side in the direction of wave travel). The suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located above the rear side is positioned below the wave plate 2 to prevent the wave-dissipating float 1 from tilting backward when going from the trough to the crest of the wave. The kinetic energy of large swells near the sea surface is absorbed by the suspension line 5 on the rear side, displacing the suspension line 5 on the front side a little more than the suspension line 5 on the front side. absorbs the slope of
It is preferable to enable the brake plate 4 to be raised horizontally more stably.
また、前記係留主索６を、前記消波フロート１
が波の山及び波の谷にあるときにその一部が海面
上に突出し、前記消波フロート１による浮力が張
力として予め前記係留主索６に作用する長さに構
成し、消波フロート１が波の波動に敏感に対応し
て上下できるようにすることで、前記制動板４の
消波を波動のタイミングに合致させた状態で効果
的に行うようにするのが好ましい。 Further, the mooring main rope 6 is connected to the wave dissipating float 1.
The wave-dissipating float 1 is configured to have a length such that a part thereof protrudes above the sea surface when the wave-dissipating float 1 is at the crest and wave trough, and the buoyancy of the wave-dissipating float 1 acts on the mooring main rope 6 as tension in advance. It is preferable that the damping plate 4 be able to move up and down in response to wave motion, so that the damping plate 4 can effectively dissipate waves in accordance with the timing of the wave motion.
（実施例及び作用）
以下、本発明は図示の実施例に基づいて詳述す
る。(Embodiments and Effects) The present invention will be described in detail below based on illustrated embodiments.
プレテンシヨン浮消波堤Ｐは消波フロート１、
制動体１３、懸垂索５、係留索１４等からなつて
おり、ここで、プレテンシヨンとは、浮消波堤Ｐ
の浮力で前記係留索１４に常時緊張状態を付与し
ている（換言すれば係留索１４が短目である）こ
とを意味する。前記消波フロート１は、不透水性
材料にて両面閉塞せる円筒形に形成してあり、内
部に圧縮加圧された空気を入れて構成されてい
る。特に不透水性材料として耐候性の優れた鉄板
を用いると、回収の際に切断・分解が容易とな
り、浮消波堤の維持・管理に有利となる。その他
消波フロート１の構造としては外周がわをコンク
リートで内周がわを鉄板等の不透水性材料で各々
形成しても良い。消波フロート１の両側の取付部
１５からは懸垂索５を海底１２近くまでそれぞれ
垂下している。そして懸垂索５の下端に板状の制
動体１３を水平に取り付けてある。 The pretension floating wave bank P is a wave-dissipating float 1,
It consists of a braking body 13, a suspension cable 5, a mooring cable 14, etc., and here, the pretension means a floating wave bank P.
This means that the mooring rope 14 is always kept under tension due to the buoyancy (in other words, the mooring rope 14 is short). The wave-dissipating float 1 is formed into a cylindrical shape with both sides closed using a water-impermeable material, and compressed air is placed inside. In particular, if a weather-resistant steel plate is used as the water-impermeable material, it will be easier to cut and disassemble during recovery, which will be advantageous for the maintenance and management of the floating levee. As for the structure of the wave-dissipating float 1, the outer periphery may be made of concrete and the inner periphery may be made of a water-impermeable material such as a steel plate. Suspension cables 5 are suspended from attachment parts 15 on both sides of the wave-dissipating float 1 to near the seabed 12, respectively. A plate-shaped brake body 13 is horizontally attached to the lower end of the suspension cable 5.
制動体１３は前後一対の制動梁３の間に制動板
４を一体的に配して形成されてある。懸垂消波板
２は前後の懸垂索５にそれぞれ取り付けてあり、
これら前後の懸垂消波板２は上下にずらして位置
させてある。 The brake body 13 is formed by integrally disposing a brake plate 4 between a pair of front and rear brake beams 3. The suspension wave-dissipating plates 2 are attached to the front and rear suspension ropes 5, respectively.
These front and rear suspension wave-dissipating plates 2 are vertically shifted and positioned.
懸垂索１３のうち懸垂主索６は消波フロート１
から延ばしアンカー８に固定され、係留支索７は
制動体１３から伸びて同じくアンカー８に止めら
れてある。 Among the suspension ropes 13, the suspension main rope 6 is a wave-dissipating float 1
The mooring strut 7 extends from the braking body 13 and is fixed to the anchor 8.
以上のようにして構成されるプレテンシヨン浮
消波堤Ａは、これを１ユニツトとして、第１図及
び第２図に示すように、波の進行方向と直交した
方向に複数個列設されてあり、プレテンシヨン浮
消波堤Ａ同士は連結索１７で連結されてある。 The pretension floating wavebank A constructed as described above is one unit, and as shown in FIGS. The pretension floating wavebanks A are connected to each other by a connecting cable 17.
尚、制動板４は消波設計波高に対して充分機能
できるように不透水性の材料で形成するか、また
は適宜開口を設けても良い。また波高が大きい時
にはワイヤーネツトで形成しても良い。また制動
梁３の底辺の長さは適宜変えても良く、断面形状
は例えば両端の懸垂索取付部１６では第１３図、
中央部では第１４図のようにしてある。 The brake plate 4 may be made of a water-impermeable material or may be provided with openings as appropriate so that it can function satisfactorily for the wave-dissipating design wave height. Further, when the wave height is large, wire netting may be used. Further, the length of the bottom of the brake beam 3 may be changed as appropriate, and the cross-sectional shape of the suspension cable attachment portions 16 at both ends is as shown in FIG. 13, for example.
The central part is arranged as shown in Fig. 14.
上述した浮消波堤の実施例の構造を整理要約す
ると、消波フロート１の左右長手方向両端部近く
から、該消波フロート１の前後方向にそれぞれ少
なくとも２本の係留主索６を連結して垂下させ、
前記消波フロート１が波の山にあるときにその一
部が海面上に突出又は実質的に海面近くに位置す
ることができるように前記係留主索６の長さを設
定すると共にそれらの下端部を海底に設置したア
ンカー８にそれぞれ係留し、更に、前記消波フロ
ート１の左右長手方向両端部近くから、該消波フ
ロート１の前後方向にそれぞれ少なくとも２本の
懸垂主索５を連結して垂下させ、これら懸垂主索
５の下端に、水平面を有する制動板４を連結固定
し、且つ、前記懸垂主索５を、前記消波フロート
１が波の谷にあるときにその一部が海面上に突出
して前記制動板４が海底に近接する程度の長さに
構成し、前記消波フロート１の前後で対をなす前
記懸垂主索５の途中に垂直の面を有する懸垂消波
板２をそれぞれ設け、更に、前記制動板４を、前
記懸垂消波板２の受波による移動量を見越した長
さの係留支索７により前記アンカー８にそれぞれ
係留し、この構成を１ユニツトとした浮消波堤
を、前記消波フロート１の左右長手方向に所定の
間隔をもつて連設した浮消波堤において、前記懸
垂消波板２を設けるに、前記消波フロート１と前
記制動板４との間で、前記消波フロート１の前側
（波の進行方向上手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波
板２と、前記消波フロート１の後側（波の進行方
向下手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２とを、上
下方向に位置をずらせて設けたということであ
る。 To summarize the structure of the embodiment of the floating wave breakwater described above, at least two mooring main ropes 6 are connected in the front and back directions of the wave-dissipating float 1 from near both ends of the wave-dissipating float 1 in the left and right longitudinal directions. and let it hang down,
The length of the mooring main rope 6 is set so that when the wave-dissipating float 1 is at the crest of a wave, a part of it can protrude above the sea surface or be located substantially near the sea surface, and its lower end The wave-dissipating float 1 is moored to anchors 8 installed on the seabed, and at least two main ropes 5 are connected in the front and rear directions of the wave-dissipating float 1 from near both ends of the wave-dissipating float 1 in the left and right longitudinal directions. A braking plate 4 having a horizontal surface is connected and fixed to the lower ends of these suspension main ropes 5, and a part of the suspension main ropes 5 is suspended when the wave-dissipating float 1 is in the trough of a wave. A suspended wave-dissipating plate that is configured to have a length that protrudes above the sea surface so that the brake plate 4 approaches the seabed, and has a vertical surface in the middle of the suspended main rope 5 that forms a pair before and after the wave-dissipating float 1. Further, the braking plates 4 are respectively moored to the anchors 8 with mooring struts 7 having a length that anticipates the amount of movement of the suspended wave-dissipating plates 2 due to received waves, and this configuration is considered as one unit. In a floating wavebank in which floating wavebanks are arranged in series at a predetermined interval in the left and right longitudinal direction of the wave-dissipating float 1, when the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 is provided, the wave-dissipating float 1 and the braking between the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the front side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (upward side in the direction of wave travel) and the rear side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (downward side in the direction of wave travel). This means that the suspended wave-dissipating plates 2 are provided with their positions shifted in the vertical direction.
そして、前記消波フロート１の前側（波の進行
方向上手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２が、前
記消波フロート１の後側（波の進行方向下手側）
に位置する前記懸垂消波板２よりも下方に位置す
ることが好ましいということであり、また、前記
係留主索６を、前記消波フロート１が波の山及び
波の谷にあるときにその一部が海面上に突出し、
前記消波フロート１による浮力が張力として予め
前記係留主索６に作用する長さに構成するのが好
ましいということである。 The suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the front side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (upward side in the direction of wave travel) is located on the rear side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (downward side in the direction of wave travel).
It is preferable that the mooring main rope 6 be located below the suspended wave-dissipating float 2 located at Some parts protrude above the sea surface,
It is preferable that the mooring main rope 6 is configured to have a length such that the buoyant force of the wave-dissipating float 1 acts on the mooring main rope 6 as tension in advance.
（発明の効果）
本発明にかかる浮消波堤によれば、波の運動エ
ネルギーを消波フロート及び懸垂消波板で主に反
射させて消波減衰させ、制動板を上下運動させ波
のエネルギーを消耗させることにより、全体とし
て波の運動エネルギーを効率良く減衰して消波す
る浮消波堤において、前後の懸垂消波板を上下に
位置をずらせることで、これら懸垂消波板に略均
等に波の運動エネルギーを受け止めさせ、以て、
前記制動板を略水平に上下作動させることができ
て、従来の傾斜されていた制動板に比較して消波
効果を顕著に高めることができたのである。(Effects of the Invention) According to the floating wavebank of the present invention, the kinetic energy of waves is mainly reflected by the wave-dissipating float and the suspended wave-dissipating plate to dissipate and attenuate the wave, and the damping plate is moved up and down to generate the wave energy. In a floating wavebank, which efficiently attenuates and dissipates the kinetic energy of waves as a whole, by shifting the position of the front and rear suspended wave-dissipating plates up and down, these suspended wave-dissipating plates have approximately By evenly absorbing the kinetic energy of the waves,
The brake plate can be moved up and down almost horizontally, and the wave-dissipating effect can be significantly enhanced compared to the conventional tilted brake plate.
しかも、消波フロート（浮体）の上下動による
制動板の上下動に加え、懸垂消波板で反射された
波の入射エネルギーの反力による懸垂消波板の水
平方向の作動を懸垂索でもつて制動板の上下動に
変換して制動板の上昇速度を増速でき、もつて、
制動板の運動エネルギーの消耗を大にして波の運
動エネルギーの減衰効果を一層高めることができ
るという顕著な効果を奏するのである。 Moreover, in addition to the vertical movement of the brake plate due to the vertical movement of the wave-dissipating float (floating body), the suspension cable can also actuate the suspended wave-dissipating plate in the horizontal direction due to the reaction force of the incident energy of the waves reflected by the suspended wave-dissipating plate. The rising speed of the brake plate can be increased by converting it into the vertical movement of the brake plate.
This has the remarkable effect of increasing the consumption of the kinetic energy of the brake plate and further enhancing the effect of attenuating the kinetic energy of the waves.
また、上記制動板が傾斜しないので、比較的浅
い海域に設置しても制動効果を充分に発揮させる
ことができ、その適用範囲を拡大できるという効
果も奏するのである。 Furthermore, since the brake plate does not tilt, the brake plate can sufficiently exhibit its braking effect even when installed in a relatively shallow sea area, and the range of its application can be expanded.
第１図は本発明のプレテンシヨン浮消波堤の平
面配置図、第２図は同上の側面図、第３図は第１
図のＡ−Ａ断面図、第４図は同上の動作説明図、
第５図は同上の消波フロートの平面図、第６図は
第５図のＢ−Ｂ断面図、第７図は第６図のＣ−Ｃ
断面図、第８図は第６図のＤ−Ｄ断面図、第９図
は同上の懸垂消波板の正面図、第１０図は第９６
のＥ−Ｅ断面図、第１１図は第９図のＦ−Ｆ断面
図、第１２図は同上の制動体の正面図、第１３図
及び第１４図は同上の制動梁の端部及び中央部の
各断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a plan layout of the pretension floating wavebank of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, and FIG.
AA sectional view in the figure, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the same operation as above,
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same wave-dissipating float as above, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 6.
8 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 6, FIG. 9 is a front view of the same suspension wave-dissipating plate, and FIG.
11 is a sectional view taken along FF of FIG. 9, FIG. 12 is a front view of the braking body shown above, and FIGS. 13 and 14 are the ends and center of the braking beam shown above. FIG.
Claims (1)
ら、該消波フロート１の前後方向にそれぞれ少な
くとも２本の係留主索６を連結して垂下させ、前
記消波フロート１が波の山にあるときにその一部
が海面上に突出又は実質的に海面近くに位置する
ことができるように前記係留主索６の長さを設定
すると共にそれらの下端部を海底に設置したアン
カー８にそれぞれ係留し、更に、前記消波フロー
ト１の左右長手方向両端部近くから、該消波フロ
ート１の前後方向にそれぞれ少なくとも２本の懸
垂主索５を連結して垂下させ、これら懸垂主索５
の下端に、水平面を有する制動板４を連結固定
し、且つ、前記懸垂主索５を、前記消波フロート
１が波の谷にあるときにその一部が海面上に突出
して前記制動板４が海底に近接する程度の長さに
構成し、前記消波フロート１の前後で対をなす前
記懸垂主索５の途中に垂直の面を有する懸垂消波
板２をそれぞれ設け、更に、前記制動板４を、前
記懸垂消波板２の受波による移動量を見越した長
さの係留支索７により前記アンカー８にそれぞれ
係留し、この構成を１ユニツトとした浮消波堤
を、前記消波フロート１の左右長手方向に所定の
間隔をもつて連設した浮消波堤において、前記懸
垂消波板２を設けるに、前記消波フロート１と前
記制動板４との間で、前記消波フロート１の前側
（波の進行方向上手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波
板２と、前記消波フロート１の後側（波の進行方
向下手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２とを、上
下方向に位置をずらせて設けた浮消波堤。 ２ 前記消波フロート１の前側（波の進行方向上
手側）に位置する前記懸垂消波板２が、前記消波
フロート１の後側（波の進行方向下手側）に位置
する前記懸垂消波板２よりも下方に位置すること
を特徴とする請求項１に記載の浮消波堤。 ３ 前記係留主索６を、前記消波フロート１が波
の山及び波の谷にあるときにその一部が海面上に
突出し、前記消波フロート１による浮力が張力と
して予め前記係留主索６に作用する長さに構成し
てあることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の
浮消波堤。[Scope of Claims] 1. At least two mooring main ropes 6 are connected and suspended in the front and rear directions of the wave-dissipating float 1 from near both ends in the left and right longitudinal direction of the wave-dissipating float 1, so that the wave-dissipating float 1 The length of the mooring main rope 6 is set so that a part of it can protrude above the sea surface or be located substantially near the sea surface when the mooring main rope is at the crest of a wave, and the lower end thereof is installed on the seabed. Furthermore, at least two main suspension ropes 5 are connected and suspended in the front and back directions of the wave-dissipating float 1 from near both ends of the wave-dissipating float 1 in the left and right longitudinal direction. Suspended main rope 5
A brake plate 4 having a horizontal surface is connected and fixed to the lower end of the brake plate 4, and a part of the suspended main rope 5 protrudes above the sea surface when the wave-dissipating float 1 is in a wave trough. suspended wave-dissipating plates 2 each having a vertical surface are provided in the middle of the suspended main ropes 5 that form a pair before and after the wave-dissipating float 1, and The plates 4 are each moored to the anchors 8 with mooring struts 7 of a length that anticipates the amount of movement of the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 due to received waves, and a floating wavebank with this configuration as one unit is constructed. When the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 is provided in a floating wave bank that is connected to the wave-dissipating wave float 1 at a predetermined interval in the left-right longitudinal direction, The suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 is located on the front side of the wave float 1 (upward side in the direction of wave travel), and the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 is located on the rear side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (downward side in the direction of wave travel). Floating wavebanks with vertically shifted positions. 2 The suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the front side of the wave-dissipating float 1 (upward side in the wave traveling direction) is connected to the suspended wave-dissipating plate 2 located on the rear side (downward side in the wave traveling direction) of the wave-dissipating float 1. The floating wave levee according to claim 1, wherein the floating wave levee is located below the plate 2. 3. The mooring main rope 6 is partially protruded above the sea surface when the wave dissipating float 1 is at a wave crest or wave trough, and the buoyancy of the wave dissipating float 1 is used as a tension to preliminarily attach the mooring main rope 6 to the mooring main rope 6. 3. The floating wavebank according to claim 1, wherein the floating wavebank has a length that acts on the floating wavebank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55119374A JPS5744011A (en) | 1980-08-28 | 1980-08-28 | Pretension floating type wave-dissipating bank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55119374A JPS5744011A (en) | 1980-08-28 | 1980-08-28 | Pretension floating type wave-dissipating bank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5744011A JPS5744011A (en) | 1982-03-12 |
| JPH0112881B2 true JPH0112881B2 (en) | 1989-03-02 |
Family
ID=14759921
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55119374A Granted JPS5744011A (en) | 1980-08-28 | 1980-08-28 | Pretension floating type wave-dissipating bank |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5744011A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015214861A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-03 | 嘉義 辻本 | Tsunami countermeasure floating island |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60107120U (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-07-20 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | floating wave bank |
| US4738563A (en) * | 1987-07-22 | 1988-04-19 | Clark Stephen E | Buoyant marine fence |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50103824A (en) * | 1974-01-28 | 1975-08-16 |
-
1980
- 1980-08-28 JP JP55119374A patent/JPS5744011A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50103824A (en) * | 1974-01-28 | 1975-08-16 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015214861A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-03 | 嘉義 辻本 | Tsunami countermeasure floating island |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5744011A (en) | 1982-03-12 |
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