JPH096343A - Musical tone signal generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a musical tone signal generator adequate for simulating the damper pedal effect of piano. SOLUTION: A circuit section including a waveform memory 10 and a multiplier 22 delivers the musical tone signals of plural piano timbres corresponding to plural key touches with a keyboard 12. These musical tone signals are mixed in an accumulator 28 and are supplied as the mixed musical tone signals to a multiplier 30A and a resonance tone forming circuit 32. The resonant musical tone signals from the circuit 32 are supplied to a multiplier 30B. The mixed musical tone signals from the multiplier 30A are produced when the damper pedal 26 is not operated. The resonant musical tone signals from the multiplier 30B are produced when the damper pedal is operated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generator suitable for simulating the damper pedal effect of a piano, and in particular, it performs arithmetic processing on a mixed musical tone signal obtained by mixing musical tone signals of a plurality of piano timbres generated simultaneously. By providing a signal creating means for creating a resonant musical tone signal by sending a resonant musical tone signal according to the operation of the damper pedal during the mixed musical tone signal transmission, it is possible to faithfully simulate the damper pedal effect. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an electronic musical instrument capable of generating a musical tone of a piano tone color, a musical tone in a state where a damper pedal is off is picked up from a piano and its sound waveform is stored in a memory. It is known to read out the sound waveform relating to (3) to generate a musical tone of a piano tone color.

In such an electronic musical instrument,
When the damper pedal attached to the tone is not turned on, the envelope is controlled so that the tone being sounded is rapidly attenuated with key off, and when the damper pedal is turned on, the tone being sounded is gradually attenuated even after key off. It is also known to control the envelope.

[0004]

According to the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instrument, it is not possible to simulate the spread of the sound peculiar to the piano sound when the damper pedal is turned on in the piano. That is, in a piano, when the damper pedal is turned on, the dampers are separated from the strings for all keys, so strings other than the strings struck by the hammer also vibrate due to resonance, etc. Although the acoustic effect can be obtained, even if the damper pedal is turned on, only the envelope shape changes in the electronic musical instrument described above, and such an acoustic effect cannot be obtained.

An object of the present invention is to obtain a wide acoustic effect similar to that when the damper pedal is turned on.

[0006]

A musical tone signal generating apparatus according to the present invention comprises a pitch designating means capable of simultaneously designating a plurality of pitches, and a plurality of pitches simultaneously designated by the pitch designating means. A signal generating means for simultaneously generating musical tone signals of a plurality of piano tones corresponding to respective pitches and a musical tone signal of a plurality of piano tones simultaneously generated from this signal generating means are mixed to produce a piano tone color. A mixing means for forming a mixed tone signal, a signal creating means for processing the mixed tone signal of the piano tone color from this mixing means to create a musical tone signal of a resonant piano tone color, and a foot for adding a damper effect. The damper pedal to be operated and the sending of the mixed tone signal of the piano tone when the damper pedal is in the non-operated state are started, and the resonance characteristic is generated in response to the damper pedal changing from the non-operated state to the operated state. It is obtained and output means for starting the transmission of piano sound of the tone signal.

According to the structure of the present invention, when the damper pedal is operated during transmission of the mixed tone signal, the resonance tone signal is sent out from the signal creating means to emphasize the feeling of sound spread, and the piano is played. The damper pedal effect of can be faithfully simulated.

Further, since the mixed musical tone signal in which a plurality of musical tone signals are mixed is processed to generate the resonant musical tone signal, the number of musical tone generating channels is increased in order to generate the resonant musical tone signal. It is not necessary, and the configuration is simple. In other words, in an electronic musical instrument having a predetermined number of simultaneous sound generation channels (e.g., 8), if a musical tone signal having a resonance characteristic is generated in another musical sound generation channel for each musical sound signal, Although twice as many tone generation channels (for example, 16) are required, this invention is sufficient with a predetermined number of simultaneous tone generation channels. In addition, compared to a method of storing resonance sound waveforms corresponding to a plurality of musical tones, detecting a generation instruction of the plurality of musical sounds, reading the resonant sound waveforms, and adding a resonance sound to the plurality of musical sounds. However, the configuration is simple because it only processes the mixed tone signals.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 1, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, for example, signal lines hatched as “KC” in FIG. Indicates the inclusion of a plurality of signal lines or the flow of a signal of a plurality of bits.

FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument is capable of simultaneously producing a plurality of tones by time division processing of a plurality of channels (for example, 8 channels). It is configured.

The waveform memory 10 groups a large number of keys on the keyboard 12 into groups of, for example, half octaves (six keys) to generate waveform data corresponding to a typical one key in each group, and the strength level of key touch. (For example, three levels of weak, medium, and strong) are stored. Thus, the reason why the waveform data is stored for each key group is to enable the key scaling control so that the tone color and the like are different depending on the different key groups, and the waveform is stored for each key touch strength level. The data is stored in order to enable the touch response control so that the timbre, the volume, etc. are made different depending on the strength level of the key touch.

Each waveform data stored in the waveform memory 10 is obtained by picking up a performance sound of a piano (natural musical instrument) in a damper pedal-off state and sampling its sound waveform at predetermined time intervals. It is obtained by converting the amplitude value into digital data for each point (so-called PCM recording). That is, in actual recording, piano keys are grouped in correspondence with the key groups on the keyboard 12 of FIG. 1, and one representative key for each key group is weak, medium, and strong when the damper pedal is off. A piano sound is generated by operating with different touch levels, and waveform data is written to the waveform memory 10 by PCM recording for each sound.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a picked-up piano sound waveform. Waveform data corresponding to a section of W ₁ + W ₂ from the rising to the middle of attenuation is written in the waveform memory 10 for each sound, and W Do not write the waveform data corresponding to the attenuation part after ₂ . Then, the waveform memory 10
When the waveform data read from, after read out the waveform data from W ₁ to W ₂ is as read repeatedly waveform data of W _2.

When storing in the waveform memory 10, the amplitude level of each pickup sound waveform may be standardized to a constant level L ₀ such as the maximum level as shown in FIG. . In this way, the amplitude value can be accurately represented digitally for the low amplitude portion. Further, even in this case, there is no problem because the envelope applying means 22 and 24 apply the amplitude envelope.

The key-depression detection / sound generation assignment circuit 14 is provided on the keyboard 12.
The key code data KC representing the key code (pitch) of the detected key and the key-on signal KON representing the presence of a key depression are detected by the empty channel 1
It is assigned to one channel and is transmitted at the timing of the assigned channel.

The touch detection circuit 16 detects whether the strength of the key touch on the key pressed on the keyboard 12 corresponds to, for example, weak, medium, or strong, and a touch representing the detected touch level. The level data TD is transmitted in synchronization with the timing of the KC and KON assigned channels.

As described above, the circuits 14 and 16 operate in a time division manner, and the subsequent circuits responding to the outputs of these circuits also operate in a time division manner. However, in the following description, For convenience, the operation for one channel will be described.

The waveform selection control circuit 18 generates the waveform designation data WS according to the key code data KC and the touch level data TD. In the waveform memory 10, the waveform to be read out according to the waveform designation data WS. It is specified. For example, if the key code indicated by the key code data KC belongs to the first key group, the waveform data corresponding to the touch level indicated by the touch level data TD among the waveform data corresponding to this first key group. Is designated for reading.

The address generation circuit 20 receives the address signal A according to the key code data KC and the key-on signal KON.
The waveform data designated by the waveform designation data WS is read from the waveform memory 10 in response to the address signal AD. In this case, addressing by the address signal AD is performed at a speed corresponding to the key code (pitch) indicated by the key code data KC, and the pitch of the generated musical tone is determined according to the reading speed at this time.
As for a plurality of keys belonging to the same key group, the same waveform data is read at different read speeds for each key as long as the key is pressed with the key touch level kept constant.

The waveform data WD read from the waveform memory 10 is supplied to the multiplier 22 and is multiplied by the envelope waveform data ED.

As shown in FIG. 3, the envelope signal generating circuit 24 generates envelope waveform data ED so as to represent different envelope waveforms depending on whether the damper pedal signal DP is "0" or "1" according to the key-on signal KON. Is. That is, the damper pedal signal DP is detected from the damper pedal 26 via a switch or the like,
The envelope waveform shows the signal D when the damper pedal 26 is off.
When P = “0”, it is gradually attenuated after rising, and is generated so as to be rapidly attenuated from the time of key-off. When the damper pedal 26 is on and the signal DP = “1”, it is gradually decreased even after key-off. It is generated so as to attenuate. Parameters such as attack time, attack level, and decay time of the envelope waveform are controlled for each key group according to the key code data KC, and for each touch level according to the touch level data TD. It

As a result of the multiplication in the multiplier 22, waveform data EWD to which an envelope is given according to the high tone, the touch level and the damper pedal state is obtained, and this waveform data EWD is supplied to the accumulator 28.

The accumulator 28 is provided for mixing the waveform data of a plurality of channels, and its output waveform data SWD is supplied to the multiplier 30A and multiplied by the crossfade control signal CF1, while the resonance is generated. It is supplied to the sound creation circuit 32 and converted into resonance sound data RWD. Then, the resonance sound data RWD from the resonance sound creation circuit 32 is supplied to the multiplier 30B and is multiplied by the crossfade signal CF2.

As shown in FIG. 5, the resonance tone generating circuit 32 is composed of a digital delay circuit (square block), a coefficient multiplier (triangle block), an adder (+ is circled) and the like. The delay amounts D _{11 to} D _1n in the delay circuit group DIL receiving the input signal IN and the coefficient a
_{11 to} a _1n and the delay amount D in the comb filter group CFL
By appropriately setting _{21 to} D _2n and the coefficients a _{21 to} a _2n , it is possible to send a digital signal with resonance, reverberation, etc. as the output signal OUT. Therefore, by inputting the waveform data SWD as the input signal IN, it is possible to obtain, as the output signal OUT, musical tone waveform data having a feeling of expanse similar to the performance sound when the damper pedal is turned on, that is, resonance sound data.

The crossfade control signal generating circuit 34 is
The crossfade control signals CF1 and CF2 are generated according to the damper pedal signal DP. Here, showing an example of the crossfade control waveform, as shown in FIG. 4, in the crossfade control signal CF1, the damper pedal signal DP shifts from "0" to "1" (the damper pedal 26 shifts from off to on). Maximum value 1 to minimum value 0 depending on
After gradually decreasing the level for about 1 [sec], the minimum value 0 is maintained as long as the signal DP keeps the "1" level, and the signal DP shifts from "1" to "0" (damper pedal). 26 changes from on to off), the level is raised from the minimum value 0 to the maximum value 1 over a time period of about 0.2 [sec]. The crossfade control signal CF2 is generated by inverting the crossfade control signal CF1.

As described above, when the level of the damper pedal 26 is gently changed from the off state to the on state of the damper pedal 26 compared with the on state of the damper pedal 26, the damper is separated from all strings in the piano and the sound is generated by resonance or the like. This is convenient for simulating how the spread gradually increases.

As a result of multiplication in the multipliers 30A and 30B, the waveform data S is maintained while the damper pedal 26 is off.
WD is supplied to the adder 36, and the resonance sound data RWD is supplied to the adder 36 while the damper pedal 26 is on. In this case, 1 [sec] shown in FIG.
During the period of 0.2 [sec] and the period of 0.2 [sec], the data SWD and RWD are mixed by the adder 36 at a mixing ratio determined by the values of the crossfade control signals CF1 and CF2, and the mixed data is sent.

The waveform data as the output of the adder 36 is
It is supplied to a sound system 38 including a D / A converter, an amplifier, a speaker, etc., and is emitted as a musical sound.

FIG. 6 shows, as a second embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the resonance sound adding section used in the circuit of FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG. There is.

This second embodiment is a slightly modified version of that of FIG. 1 and differs from that of FIG. 1 in the following two points. That is, first, the waveform data SWD from the accumulator 28 is added to the adder 36 without passing through the multiplier 30A.
Secondly, the multiplier 30B is provided in the preceding stage of the resonance sound producing circuit 32. In this case, the same level control signal LC as the crossfade control signal CF2 of FIG. 4 is supplied to the multiplier 30B.

In such a configuration, when the damper pedal 26 is off, the waveform data SWD is obtained as the output of the adder 36. Further, when the damper pedal 26 is turned on, the waveform data SWD is the multiplier 30B.
The resonance sound data RWD is sent from this circuit 32 because it is supplied to the resonance sound generation circuit 32 via. Therefore, as the output of the adder 36, mixed data of the waveform data SWD and the resonance sound data RWD is obtained. In this case, for the period of 1 [sec] and the period of 0.2 [sec] in FIG. 4, the mixing ratio of the resonance sound data RWD to the waveform data SWD is controlled according to the level control signal LC (corresponding to CF2). To be done.

According to the configuration of FIG. 6 described above, when a desired key is pressed while the damper pedal 26 is turned on, the waveform data having the pitch corresponding to the key and the resonance created based on this waveform data are generated. Since the waveform data mixed with the sound data is obtained, the ratio of the key depression sound component is large as compared with the case of the resonance sound data alone as shown in FIG. 1, which is advantageous when the key depression sound is desired to be emphasized. The multiplier 30B may be provided in the subsequent stage of the resonance sound generation circuit 32.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a mixing ratio control unit used in the circuit of FIG. 1 as the third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. There is.

The feature of this embodiment is that the damper pedal 26
Is provided with a depression amount detection circuit 40 for detecting the depression amount, and the detection output A of the detection circuit 40 is supplied to the multiplier 30B as a signal A2 instead of the crossfade signal CF2, while the detection output A is inverted by the inversion circuit 42. (1-A) signal A1
Is supplied to the multiplier 30A instead of the crossfade signal CF1.

In this way, the accumulator 28 is increased in the process in which the value of the detection output A increases from the minimum value 0 to the maximum value 1 as the damper pedal 26 is depressed.
The waveform data SWD from No. 1 is controlled by the multiplier 30A so that the amplitude level is decreased, and the resonance sound data RWD from the resonance sound generation circuit 32 is controlled by the multiplier 30B so that the amplitude level is increased. . Then, the adder 36 sends out a mixture of the data SWD and RWD at a mixture ratio determined by the values of the signals A1 and A2. If the damper pedal 26 is not depressed, the waveform data SWD is sent from the adder 36, and the damper pedal 2
When 6 is pushed deepest, the resonance sound data RWD is sent out.

According to the configuration of FIG. 7, the player can arbitrarily set the mixing ratio of the resonance sound data RWD to the waveform data SWD by appropriately adjusting the depression amount of the damper pedal 26. In the case of FIG. In addition to the damper pedal on / off effect as described above, it is possible to enjoy a tone color change according to the mixing ratio.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be implemented in various modified forms. For example, the following changes are possible. (1) As a storage / readout system of a musical tone waveform, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-147793, a plurality of periodic waveforms of an attack portion and several segment waveforms (partial waveforms) following the waveform are stored in a waveform memory. Alternatively, a method of reading the segment waveform while performing smooth interpolation after reading the plurality of periodic waveforms of the attack portion may be adopted. (2) As a recording / reproducing method of a musical sound, a method capable of data compression may be adopted. For example, differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) system, adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADP)
A CM) method, a delta modulation (DM) method, an adaptive delta modulation (ADM) method, a linear predictive coding (LPC) method, or a combination thereof (for example, a combination of LPC and ADPCM) can be adopted. (3) As a control method of touch response and key scaling, for example, as shown in JP-A-60-52895, read data from a waveform memory is processed by a digital filter, or JP-A-60-55.
As shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 398, a device for controlling a mixing ratio of read data from two waveform memories may be adopted. (4) The waveform data designated by the waveform selection control circuit 18 is read according to the address signal from the address generation circuit 20, but the address signal generation circuit 20 is made to have the function of the waveform selection control circuit 18. Good. (5) The present invention can also be applied to a single-tone electronic musical instrument or the like. (6) In the above-described embodiment, the case of piano timbre is shown, but other timbres can be similarly implemented. (7) The crossfade control as shown in the above embodiment may be omitted and the read waveform data and the resonance sound data may be simply switched. (8) The two series of tone signals composed of the read waveform data and the resonance data are not mixed and sounded from one sound system, but are supplied to different sound systems to be spatially mixed and sounded. Good.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of musical tone signals generated simultaneously are mixed to form a mixed musical tone signal, and the mixed musical tone signals are arithmetically processed to produce a resonant musical tone signal. By creating a sound signal of a resonance type according to the operation of the damper pedal during the transmission of the mixed tone signal, it is possible to faithfully simulate the damper pedal effect of the piano with a simple configuration. .

Further, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 or FIG. 6, if the amplitude level of the resonance sound data is gradually increased from the start of the operation of the damper pedal, it is possible to more faithfully simulate the damper pedal effect. There are advantages. In this case, if the amplitude level of the waveform data SWD is not reduced as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6, there is an advantage that the key depression sound can be emphasized.

Further, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 7, if the mixing ratio of the two series of tone signals is controlled in accordance with the operation amount of the damper pedal, it is possible to arbitrarily control the spread of the generated tone. There are also advantages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a piano sound waveform.

FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining an envelope waveform generating operation.

FIG. 4 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining a crossfade control operation.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a resonance sound producing circuit.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Waveform memory, 12 ... Keyboard, 14 ... Key depression detection / assignment circuit, 16 ... Touch detection circuit, 18 ... Waveform selection control circuit, 20 ... Address generation circuit, 22, 30A, 30B ...
Multiplier, 24 ... Envelope signal generating circuit, 26 ... Damper pedal, 32 ... Resonant sound creating circuit, 34 ... Crossfade control signal generating circuit, 36 ... Adder, 38 ... Sound system, 40 ... Depression amount detecting circuit.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pitch designating means capable of designating a plurality of pitches at the same time, and musical tone signals of a plurality of piano tones corresponding respectively to the plurality of pitches designated simultaneously by the pitch designating means. And a mixing means for mixing a plurality of musical tone signals of piano tones simultaneously generated from the signal generating means to form a mixed musical tone signal of piano tones, The signal generating means for processing the mixed musical tone signals of the piano tone color to generate the musical tone signal of the resonating piano tone color, the damper pedal operated by the foot to give the damper effect, and the damper pedal are in the non-operated state. An output means for starting the sending of the mixed tone signal of the piano tone color and for sending the tone signal of the resonant piano tone color in response to the damper pedal changing from the non-operated state to the operated state. Tone signal generation device provided with. 2. The output means gradually increases the amplitude level of the musical tone signal of the resonating piano tone color in response to the damper pedal being changed from the non-operated state to the operated state, and the mixed musical tone signal of the piano tone color. The tone signal generator according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude level of the tone signal is gradually reduced. 3. The output means outputs the musical tone signal of the resonant piano tone color without reducing the amplitude level of the mixed musical tone signal of the piano tone color in response to the damper pedal being changed from the non-operated state to the operated state. The tone signal generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude level is gradually increased. 4. The output means controls the mixing ratio of the mixed musical tone signal of the piano tone color and the musical tone signal of the resonant piano tone color according to the operation amount of the damper pedal. The musical tone signal generator according to item 1.