JPH09315348A - Motor truck - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make effective use of a deck, make it easy to drive end make travel in a narrow slip road or the like possible so as to effectively improve transport efficiency by providing expansion means so as to expand the deck longitudinally. SOLUTION: A motor truck is provided with a movable deck 3 between a fixed deck 1 and a body frame 2, and the movable deck 3 is protruded behind the fixed deck 3 or retreated to change deck length optionally. Since the deck length can be changed according to loadage, the deck can be effectively used, and the movement of loads on the deck can be made minimum. Since the whole vehicle length is shortened, it is easy to confirm the rear, and rotating space is reduced, so that it is easy to travel. Travel in a narrow road is also possible, and a slip road or the like can be effectively used, so that transportation time is shortened. A motor truck of high transport efficiency is thereby obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a freight vehicle for carrying luggage, and more particularly to a freight vehicle having a structure in which a luggage carrier expands and contracts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, freight transportation has become possible with higher performance and functions of automobiles, and it is possible to transport larger amounts at higher speeds. Many large freight vehicles and various engines with high power have been developed. There is.

What is important for the transportation business is how quickly, reliably and safely the transportation can be carried out, and how much can be transported at one time in order to improve the business efficiency.

Although high-speed transportation is possible, traffic restrictions limit the speed and increase the risk of accidents. Also, the road conditions in Japan are getting worse,
High-speed vehicles also don't make sense in traffic jams. Therefore, in today's world, speeding means how much transport efficiency can be improved.

In order to improve transportation efficiency, various large-sized freight vehicles having a large load capacity have been developed. As the size of a lorry increases, the cargo bed becomes longer. For this reason, the wheel base becomes long, and the small turning becomes ineffective, and it becomes difficult to drive. There is a limit to the size of the bed. In other words, the Ministry of Transport ordinance defines safety standards for road transport vehicles, and minimum standards for structures, devices, and performance. According to this, "the car is 12m long
"The horizontal distance from the center of the rear axle to the rear surface of the body of the car frame and body of the automobile is half the horizontal distance from the center of the front axle to the center of the rear axle." 1 or less ”.

Therefore, in order to secure a larger cargo bed, the freight vehicle is designed so that the front wheels are arranged at the front portion as much as possible and the cargo bed length becomes long. In addition, due to the relationship between the radius of gyration and the load balance, some cargo beds of large freight vehicles may protrude from the center of the rear wheel axle to the rear end surface of the cargo bed by about 2 to 3.5 m. , It often causes trouble in driving.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Due to the increase in size of the cargo bed,
Although it is possible to improve transport efficiency, it is not uncommon for problems to occur depending on road conditions and the parking space at the destination. Due to the large size of the vehicle, it may not be possible to use a detour to avoid traffic jams, or the transportation road or parking space may be too narrow for the vehicle to approach. Most of these problems are due to narrow or winding roads and passages, which are not possible due to the large length of large vehicles.

Even large vehicles are rarely loaded with the maximum load, and the rear part of the cargo bed is often not loaded. For example, it is often the case that even when the user goes on a full load, he or she returns almost empty when returning.

[0009] When luggage is loaded, the speed is limited due to damage or the like, depending on the state and type of luggage, but when it is empty, protection and safety of the luggage are considered. It is not necessary to do so, it is desirable to return to the vehicle as soon as possible while observing the speed limit, and it is desirable to effectively use a detour to avoid congestion.

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and can effectively use a cargo bed area, is easy to drive, and can travel a narrow detour, etc. This was done to realize a practical freight vehicle that can effectively increase efficiency.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in order to improve the traveling performance when the loading capacity is small and the rear portion of the loading platform is vacant, an expanding / contracting unit for extending and retracting the loading platform in the front-rear direction is provided. is there. In particular, by shortening the loading platform, the total length of the vehicle is shortened, so that the vehicle can be easily turned, the space required for turning can be reduced, and the vehicle can be easily driven. Further, in a trailer type truck or the like, the distance between the front wheels and the rear wheels, that is, the wheel base becomes shorter, the turning radius becomes smaller, and the difference between the inner and outer wheels becomes smaller.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an expanding / contracting means for extending or contracting the back of the rear portion of the vehicle from the rear portion of the vehicle. When the loading capacity is small, the loading platform protruding rearward from the rear wheels of the vehicle can be contracted, which facilitates driving. In particular, turning is easy, the space required for turning is small, you can drive on narrow roads, and the parking space is also small. Further, since the cargo bed is shortened, the moving distance of the cargo on the cargo bed is shortened when loading and unloading the cargo.

When loading and unloading luggage, a hydraulic jack may be provided on the vehicle body, the front portion of the vehicle body may be lifted to incline the loading platform, and the loading platform may be extended rearward to the ground to be used as a loading guide plate.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, as means for expanding and contracting the cargo bed,
A slide guide is provided on the floor plate of the loading platform, and a floor plate that can be horizontally slid along the guide is provided. The movable platform is projected or retracted rearward along the slide guide to expand and contract the platform.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the movable floor plate is projected to the rear of the loading platform so that the rear end of the loading platform and the ground can be bridged so that it can be used as a loading guide plate. Sometimes, the tip portion is bent downward.

According to this structure, the movable floor plate is shortened during traveling to improve the traveling performance, the movable floor plate is extended when the load capacity is increased, and the movable floor plate is used as a loading guide plate when loading and unloading luggage. Can be used effectively.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the movable floor plate is projected rearward, a step is generated between the fixed floor plate surface and the movable floor plate surface. Therefore, in order to eliminate this step, the movable floor plate is projected by a certain length. At this time, the movable floorboard is raised so that the floor level is the same as that of the fixed floorboard to eliminate the step.

That is, an elevating device capable of moving the movable floor plate in the vertical direction is provided, the rear part of the slide guide of the movable floor plate is bent upward, and the wedge shape facing the movable floor plate or both the reinforcing material and the slide guide is provided. The push-up metal fittings for the movable floor plate may be provided so that the wedge floors of the two metal fittings collide with each other and slide when the movable floor plate moves horizontally to raise the movable floor plate.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Claim 1 is a freight vehicle having a luggage carrier such as a truck, in which the luggage carrier of the vehicle is expanded and contracted in the front-rear direction, and an expansion / contraction means is provided for changing the length of the luggage carrier. .

The expanding / contracting means may be any as long as the length of the loading platform can be lengthened or shortened in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. For example, the cargo bed may be divided into a plurality of units in the front-rear direction, and the length of the cargo bed may be changed by removing or attaching some of them. Alternatively, a part of the floor plate of the luggage carrier may be bent or folded so that the length can be shortened.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a luggage carrier of a lorry,
This is a freight vehicle equipped with an expansion / contraction means capable of changing the length of the luggage carrier by expanding / contracting a portion rearward of the rear wheel portion of the vehicle in the front-rear direction.

In the expanding / contracting means, the cargo bed on the front side of the rear wheel portion of the vehicle is exactly the same as that of the conventional vehicle, and if the length of the cargo bed only on the rear portion of the rear wheel portion is changed. Either is fine. For example, it may be one in which the cargo bed in the rear part of the rear wheel can be removed, or one in which it can be folded.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the above-described expansion / contraction means of the cargo bed, a slide truck is provided on a fixed floor board of the cargo bed, and a floor board that is horizontally movable along the slide guide is provided.

The expanding / contracting means may be any means provided with a movable floor plate that slides horizontally, and by projecting rearward from the rear end surface of the fixed floor plate so that the length of the bed can be changed. . For example, a slide guide may be provided on the lower surface of the fixed floor plate so that the movable floor plate projects rearward along the slide guide. The slide guide may be a key-shaped guide that guides both side surfaces of the movable floor plate, or may be a box-shaped slide guide that houses the movable floor plate.

A roller or the like may be provided on the slide guide to improve sliding, and a handle or the like may be attached to the movable floor plate so that the slide guide can be manually expanded and contracted. It may be mechanically driven by a hydraulic jack or the like.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the expanding / contracting means using the movable floor plate, the movable floor plate is provided with a rotary shaft having an axis line at right angles to the movable direction, and the movable floor plate has a fixed length behind the vehicle. It is a freight vehicle that is provided so as to be bendable around the rotation axis as a fulcrum when extended.

The rotary shaft provided on the movable floor plate may be any as long as it is provided so that the movable floor plate can be bent when the movable floor plate projects rearward by a certain length. For example, from the tip of the movable floorboard to the wheelbase 2
A hinge may be provided at a position having a length of one-half and bent. In this case, the movable floor plate on the tip side of the hinge portion bends so that the tip hits the ground, and serves as a guide plate that bridges the cargo bed and the ground. The length of the bed behind the rear wheels is restricted to one half of the wheelbase, and the bed cannot be extended beyond that, but only at the end of the fixed bed when loading and unloading cargo. There is no problem when using a loading guide plate that bridges the section and the ground.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the expansion / contraction means using the movable floor plate projecting to the rear of the cargo bed, the freight vehicle is provided with floor level adjusting means for making the floor levels of the fixed floor plate and the movable floor plate the same. Is.

The floor level adjusting means may be any as long as it can eliminate the step between the fixed floor plate and the movable floor plate when the movable floor plate is projected. For example, as the drive means for the movable floor plate, in addition to the horizontal drive means, a vertical drive means may be provided.A wedge-shaped push-up fitting is attached to each of the reinforcing material and the slide guide of the movable floor plate,
The movable floor plate may be protruded so that the wedge surfaces of both the push-up metal fittings hit and the movable floor plate is pushed upward.

[0030]

EXAMPLES Next, examples of how the lorry according to the present invention is actually embodied will be described. FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a freight vehicle according to the present invention, (1)
FIG. 3A is a side view, and FIG. 2B is a view of the AA cross section of FIG.

In this freight vehicle, a movable bed 3 is provided between a bed (fixed bed) 1 and a body frame 2, and the movable bed 3 is projected or retracted to the rear of the bed 1,
The length of the loading platform can be changed arbitrarily.

One load fixed to the vehicle body frame 2 is up to the rear four wheels of the vehicle, and a box-like slide having the floor of the fixed load base 1 as a top plate is provided under the fixed load base 1. A guide 5 is provided, and a movable floorboard 3a is housed in the box-shaped slide guide 5. The movable floor plate 3a may be any one as long as it can withstand the bending strength at the time of protrusion, but the lower surface portion of the movable floor plate 3a is provided with a reinforcing member 6 parallel to the moving direction to enhance the bending strength. As a result, the movable floor plate 3a can withstand a sufficient load even in the extended state.

The movable floor plate 3a may be slid by a hydraulic jack or the like. A roller may be provided on the guide surface of the slide guide 5, the lower surface of the movable loading platform 3, or the lower surface of the reinforcing member 6 to make it slippery. In a small freight vehicle, a handle is provided so that the roller can be pulled out manually. Is also good. Reference numeral 7 is a cab, 8 is a front wheel, and 9 is a suspension.

2A and 2B are views showing the structure of the side wall tilt of the movable floor plate. FIG. 2A is a side view and FIG. 2B is a sectional view.

The side wall tilt 11 of the movable floor plate 3a can be attached at the time of projecting, but as shown in (2), a hinge 12 as shown in the figure is provided so that it can be housed in the slide guide 5. It is also possible to fold it to the side, unfold it as shown in (1) at the time of protrusion, and connect it to the side wall tilt 10 of the fixed cargo bed 1 with the connection fitting 13. The rear tilt 11a is preferably attached to the movable floor board 3a side. With this configuration, the side wall 11 can be easily set, and it is not necessary to attach and detach the movable floorboard 3a each time the movable floorboard 3a expands and contracts.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an embodiment of the floor level adjusting means according to the present invention. (1) shows a state in which the movable floor plate 3a is being extended, and (2) shows a state immediately before the movable floor plate 3a rises, that is, a wedge-shaped rib plate 14 attached to the reinforcement frame 6 and a slide guide. 5 shows a state in which the push-up metal fitting 15 provided in 5 has abutted, and (3)
Indicates that the movable floorboard 3a has risen to the same floor level as the fixed floorboard 1a.

The movable floor plate 3a is located on the lower surface of the fixed floor plate 1a, and the reinforcing material frame 6 is fixed to the lower surface of the movable floor plate 3a. The reinforcing material frame 6 slides horizontally on the slide guide 5. As a result, since the movable floor plate 3a can be projected to the rear of the loading platform 1, (1)
As shown in FIG. 3, while the movable floorboard 3a is expanding, the movable floorboard 3a is
There is a step between the upper surface of the fixed floor plate 1a and the upper surface of the fixed floor plate 1a.
As shown in (2), when the movable floor plate 3a is extended to a predetermined length, the wedge-shaped rib plate 14 fixed to the reinforcing material frame 6 and the push-up metal fitting 1 fixed to the slide guide 5 are provided.
5 and the movable floor plate 3a is further projected, the rib plate 14 and the push-up metal fitting 15 slide and the rib plate 1
4, the attached reinforcement frame 6 is lifted,
As shown in (3), the upper surface of the fixed floor plate 3a and the movable floor plate 1
The upper surface of a becomes the same level, and the step is eliminated.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are views showing examples of use of the freight vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 (1) shows an example in which the movable floor plate 3a is projected to increase the load capacity. Due to the structural restrictions of the vehicle, the maximum protruding length is half of the wheel base.

FIG. 4 (2) shows an example in which the movable floor plate 3a is shortened to be completely stored in the lower portion of the fixed load platform 1a, and the length of the load platform is minimized. The total length of the vehicle is shortened and it becomes easier to drive. Since it does not project rearward from the rear four parts, it is easy to check backward and the space required for turning is small, so it is possible to drive on narrow roads such as detours.

FIG. 5 (1) shows an example in which the front wheel 8 side of the vehicle is lifted by a hydraulic jack 16 or the like to project the movable floor plate 3a until it reaches the ground, and the movable floor plate 3a is used as a loading guide plate. Is. After the loading is completed, the movable floor plate 3a is contracted to a specified protrusion length before traveling.

FIG. 5 (2) shows an example in which a rotary shaft 17 is provided at right angles to the movable direction so that the movable floor plate 3a can be bent. By projecting the movable floor plate 3a and bending the front end side of the movable floor plate 3a downward with the rotating shaft 17 as a fulcrum, the rear part of the loading platform 1 and the ground can be bridged by the movable floor plate 3a, and as a loading guide plate. Can be used. In the case of this loading guide plate, it is not necessary to jack up the front wheel 8 side, and loading can be done easily.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment according to the present invention,
In (1), the luggage carrier has a unit structure, each unit luggage carrier 18 can be attached and detached, and the total length of the luggage carrier can be changed by changing the number of connected unit luggage carriers 18. . The rearmost wheel 19 is suitable for trailer type trucks which are not drive wheels.
If the drive of the rear wheels is changed from a shaft drive to a chain drive, it can be applied to a normal rear-wheel drive freight vehicle.

In (2), the entire floor surface of the loading platform is movable floor plate 3b.
The movable shaft 3b is slid toward the front of the vehicle, and the bending shaft 21 is provided so that the front portion can be leaned against the torii 20 of the loading platform. With such a structure, the rear part of the luggage carrier can be shortened. In addition, when loading a vehicle or the like, the loading platform is sufficiently projected rearward, the front wheels 8 are jacked up, the rear end of the movable floor plate 3b is grounded to the ground, and then the vehicle is moved onto the movable floor plate 3b. After being fixed as it is, the movable floor plate 3b can be easily loaded by sliding it forward.

[0044]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a freight vehicle having a cargo bed, the length of the cargo bed can be changed according to the loading amount by providing an expanding / contracting means for expanding and contracting the cargo bed in the front-back direction. Therefore, the luggage carrier can be effectively used, and the movement of the luggage on the luggage carrier can be minimized. Further, since the total length of the vehicle is shortened, it is easy to check backward, the turning space is reduced, and it is easy to drive. Further, since it is possible to drive on a narrow road and the detours can be effectively used, the transportation time can be shortened and a freight automatic operator with good transportation efficiency can be provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the cargo bed of the above-mentioned freight vehicle, since the rear portion of the vehicle rear wheel portion is provided with a telescopic means for expanding and contracting in the front-rear direction, the cargo bed of the cargo bed can be adjusted in accordance with the loading amount. The length can be changed, the traveling performance is improved when the load is small, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
Further, since the movable floor plate of the protruding portion can be used as a loading guide plate, workability in loading is improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the expansion / contraction means for the cargo bed of the freight vehicle, the fixed floor board of the cargo bed is provided with the slide guide, and the floor board horizontally movable along the slide guide is provided. The expansion and contraction means can be realized by using the space between the luggage carrier and the body frame without changing the overall structure of the luggage carrier. Appearance is almost the same as a normal cargo automatic operator, so it can be applied to various trucks. It is possible and versatile.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the expansion / contraction means using the movable floor plate, the movable floor plate is provided with a rotary shaft having an axis perpendicular to the movable direction, and the movable floor plate is fixed at the rear of the vehicle. Since the movable floor plate can be used as a loading guide plate by being provided so as to be bendable around the rotation axis as a fulcrum when the length of the loading guide plate is extended, the loading work is facilitated. Eliminates the need to carry.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the expanding / contracting means using the movable floor plate, the fixed floor plate and the movable floor plate are provided with the floor surface level adjusting means for making the floor surface levels the same. The step between the floor plate 1a and the movable floor plate 3a can be eliminated. Therefore, the wheels of the carriage are not caught on the stepped portion, and it is not necessary to lay a guide plate on the stepped portion, so that it is possible to provide a movable floorboard type platform extension / contraction structure with good workability during loading.

As described above, according to the present invention, the cargo bed area can be effectively used, the loading work is facilitated, the narrow road can be easily traveled, and the transportation efficiency can be effectively improved. It is possible to realize various freight vehicles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lorry according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a side wall tilt of a movable floor plate of a lorry according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of floor level adjusting means for a lorry according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of use of a lorry according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of use of the truck according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a freight vehicle according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Loading platform (fixed loading platform) 1a Fixed floor plate 2 Body frame 3 Movable loading platform 3a Movable floor panel 4 Rear wheel 5 Slide guide 6 Reinforcing material 10 Side wall (for fixed bed) 11 Side wall (for movable bed) 12 Hinge 13 Connection fitting 14 Rib plate 15 Push-up metal fitting 16 Hydraulic jack 17 Rotating shaft 18 Unit part 20 Torii 21 Bending shaft

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A freight vehicle having a luggage carrier, wherein the luggage carrier has an expansion / contraction means for expanding and contracting in the front-rear direction. 2. The lorry according to claim 1, wherein, in the luggage carrier of the lorry, a rear portion of the rear wheel (4) of the vehicle extends and contracts in the front-rear direction. 3. The slide guide (5) on the fixed floor plate (1a) of the cargo bed in the expansion / contraction means of the cargo bed of the lorry.
And a floor plate (3a) horizontally movable along the slide guide (5) is provided, The lorry according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. 4. An expansion / contraction means using the movable floor plate (3a), wherein the movable floor plate (3a) is provided with a rotating shaft (17) having an axis line perpendicular to the movable direction, and the movable floor plate (3a) is provided. 4. The truck according to claim 3, wherein when the vehicle is extended to the rear of the vehicle by a certain length, it can be bent around the pivot shaft (17) as a fulcrum. 5. The expansion / contraction means using the movable floor plate (3a) is provided with floor level adjusting means for making the floor levels of the fixed floor plate (1a) and the movable floor plate (3a) the same. The lorry according to claim 3 characterized by the above.