JPH09175353A - Double collision preventing device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To preclude risk of double accident to a vehicle situated ahead by actuating a parking brake automatically when the car concerned encounters a back collision while it is in a stop. SOLUTION: The parking brake of a vehicle is structured so that it is actuated when a lever 1 in linkage with a brake cable 8 is drawn, wherein a G sensor 26 detects the acceleration when the vehicle encounters a back collision, and a powder 22 is exploded with an output signal given by the G sensor 26, and the lever 1 is drawn by the piston 20 of a cylinder 19 working with capacity enlargement through a piston rod 24, link 18, and arm 16. In the event of back collision, the parking brake will be actuated automatically.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle double accident prevention device applied to an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In addition to a main brake for decelerating or stopping a vehicle during traveling, a parking brake for preventing the stopped vehicle from moving due to external force or the like is provided. The main brake uses hydraulic pressure, but the parking brake has a mechanical structure. Most of the parking brake operating mechanisms are provided on the side of the driver's seat so as to pull a parking brake lever whose lower end is pivotally attached to a vehicle body side member, but there is also a foot-operated type.

By the way, a car may be hit by a car coming from behind while waiting for a signal at an intersection or the like. In the event of a rear-end collision, the rear part of the vehicle will be damaged and the passengers will suffer from whiplash, etc.In addition to this, the rear-end vehicle will collide with a vehicle that has stopped before that. There is a risk of causing a so-called double accident. Double accidents should be avoided both as property damage and mental damage.

In order to prevent a double accident, it is sufficient if the car that was hit first has a strong brake. Generally, when the driver is stepping on the brake pedal when the vehicle is stopped at an intersection, etc., in the event of a rear-end collision, the impact often leaves the brake pedal, resulting in a double accident. To do. Therefore, there are many techniques devised for the purpose of preventing this, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-171772 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-202467.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-68277 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-
No. 92371 is disclosed.

Each of the techniques disclosed in these publications has a means for detecting that a vehicle has been hit later,
Means for automatically activating the brake according to the output signal of the detection means. The brake in this case is the main brake that utilizes hydraulic pressure. That is,
A braking force equivalent to that obtained by the driver stepping on the brake pedal with his foot is automatically generated at the moment of a rear-end collision. This braking force is a major factor in preventing double accidents.

The above technique would greatly reduce double accidents. However, this is not without its problems. That is, the main brake that pedals with the foot does not have the function of keeping the hydraulic pressure constant because it is necessary to immediately release the braking force when the foot is released from the brake pedal. For this reason, there is a problem that even if a sudden start of the vehicle can be avoided by the braking force temporarily generated at the time of a rear-end collision, the braking force cannot be maintained continuously.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of this point, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle double accident prevention device in which once a braking force is generated, the braking force continues unless it is artificially released. It is what

[0008]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is, in the invention described in claim 1, in which a parking brake is operated by pulling a parking brake lever linked to a brake cable. In such a vehicle, there is provided means for moving the parking brake lever in a pulling direction when the vehicle is rear-end hit.

In the invention described in claim 2, as the moving means, a G sensor for detecting an acceleration when a vehicle is collided, an explosive substance which is ignited by receiving an output signal of the G sensor, and the explosion. An actuator that operates according to an increase in the capacity of an object is provided, and an output portion of the actuator is connected to a parking brake lever.

With such a structure, when the vehicle is rear-end collided and the output value of the G sensor exceeds a predetermined value, the explosive is ignited and the parking brake lever shines in the operating direction.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
Will be described. Reference numeral 1 denotes a parking brake lever, which is roughly configured by a grip 2 formed in a size and shape that is easily gripped by a driver, and a base portion 3 connected to the grip 2 and having a substantially triangular side surface. A portion of the base portion 3 near the grip 2 is formed by bending an iron plate into a U-shape (or a U-shape). When the driver pulls the grip 2 upward, the entire body is pivotally mounted so as to rotate clockwise by a predetermined angle in the drawing.

A base end of a brake cable 8 whose front end is connected to a parking brake mechanism by a shaft 7 is pivotally attached to the lower rear end of the base 3. As a result, when the grip 2 is gripped and the parking brake lever 1 is rotated about the shaft 6 in a standing direction (clockwise direction in the drawing), the brake cable 8 is pulled leftward to operate the parking brake. It will be.

The tip of the bracket 5 is formed in an arc shape, and a ratchet tooth (detailed illustration thereof is omitted) 9 is formed in that portion.
Are formed. On the other hand, parking brake lever 1
A ratchet pawl 10 facing the ratchet tooth 9 is provided inside the base portion 3 of the so as to be rotatable about a shaft 11.
It is adapted to mesh with the ratchet teeth 9. This ratchet mechanism does not restrict the movement of the parking brake lever 1 in the pulling direction, but restricts the movement in the pulling direction. The ratchet pawl 10 is provided with a groove 12,
The bent rear end of the rod 13 is engaged with the groove 12.

The rod 13 penetrates the inside of the grip 2 so as to be movable, and a knob 14 is attached to the tip of the rod 13 so that the knob 14 can be retracted from the grip 2. Although not shown, a spring is provided inside the grip 2 to urge the rod 13 to the left in the figure (the direction in which the knob 14 projects from the grip 2). With this structure, in a free state where the driver does not touch the parking brake lever 1, the ratchet pawl 10 meshes with the ratchet teeth 9, and when the knob 14 is pushed, the ratchet pawl 10 pivots clockwise about the shaft 11, The engagement with the ratchet teeth 9 will be released.
A parking brake switch 15 is provided to warn the driver that the parking brake lever 1 is in the upright state (the parking brake is in operation).

At the lower end of the base portion 3 of the parking brake lever 1, the shaft 7 on which the brake cable 8 is attached is attached to the arm 1
The upper end of 6 is also pivoted. The arm 16 has a shaft 1 in the middle part.
7, a member on the vehicle body side is pivotally mounted, and a tip end (refraction portion) of a link 18 whose tip is bent at a right angle is pivotally mounted at the lower end. Reference numeral 19 denotes a cylinder, the front end of which is open and the base end of which is closed. A piston 20 is fitted in the cylinder 19, and an explosive powder 22 as an explosive is placed in a chamber 21 closed by the piston 20. A small hole 2 is formed in the portion of the cylinder 19 that forms the chamber 21.
No. 3 is provided so as not to hinder normal use and to discharge gas after the explosive powder 22 has exploded.

A base end of a piston rod 24 is attached to the piston 20, and a base end of the above-described link 18 is pivotally attached to the tip of the piston rod 24 by a shaft 25. This mechanism absorbs the movement of the piston 20 in the direction along the cylinder 19 and the difference in the rotating direction of the arm 16. Cylinder 19, piston 20, piston rod 24
The link 18 and the like constitute an actuator that pushes up the parking brake lever 1.

Reference numeral 26 is a G sensor. This G sensor 26
Has a weight, for example, and detects an acceleration of a predetermined value or more that the weight receives due to a rear-end collision of the vehicle. That is, when the vehicle is hit rear-end and acceleration occurs,
The acceleration detects the energy that the weight rolls forward in balance with the elastic force of the spring, and a microcomputer determines whether the detected acceleration is greater than or equal to a predetermined value or less than a predetermined value. to decide.

When the microcomputer determines that the acceleration of the impact received by the rear impact is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and issues an output signal, the electric wire 27 causes a current to ignite the explosive powder 22. This system is similar to an airbag system that operates at a deceleration equal to or higher than a predetermined value received when a vehicle collides head-on.

The operation of the thus constructed device will be described. In order to operate the parking brake during parking in a normal state in which no rear-end collision occurs, the grip 2 is grasped and pulled up as in the conventional vehicle, and the shaft 6 is rotated clockwise. The base portion 3 shown by a broken line in the drawing is in a state of being pulled to the stop position. As is well known, ratchet teeth 9
The shape of is such that the ratchet pawl 10 slides on the ratchet teeth 9 when the parking brake lever 1 is pulled.

When the parking brake lever 1 is pulled, the brake cable 8 is pulled and the parking brake operates. At this time, the piston 20 moves rightward in the cylinder 19 via the arm 16, the link 18, the shaft 25, and the piston rod 29 to expand the volume of the chamber 21, but the chamber 21 has a small hole 23. Since it is provided and can inhale air, it does not hinder the operation.

Shape of ratchet teeth 9 and ratchet pawl 10
When the parking brake lever 1 is stopped by the urging force in the meshing direction, the ratchet mechanism operates and the parking brake lever 1 cannot be returned unless the meshing is released. In order to return it, the knob 14 is pushed so that it can be put into the grip 2. When the knob 14 is pushed, the ratchet pawl 10 is rotated clockwise about the shaft 11 by the rod 13 and the engagement with the ratchet teeth 9 is released, so that the parking brake lever 1 can be freely returned.

It is assumed that the vehicle is hit by a following vehicle while the vehicle is stopped due to waiting for a signal or the like. G-sensor 26 for a rear-end collision while stopped
Senses and judges the size, but when the rear-end collision is slight and the double accident is not a concern, the explosive powder 22 is not ignited. When the amount of impact received by the rear-end collision exceeds a predetermined value, and it is determined that a double accident may occur, the G sensor 26 ignites the explosive powder 22 and explodes it.

When the explosive powder 22 explodes, the interior of the chamber 21 is filled with gas due to the expansion of the explosive powder 22 volume, so the piston 20 is pushed abruptly to the right in the figure, and the arm 16 is pushed through the piston rod 24 and the link 18. Is rotated counterclockwise about the shaft 17. This movement causes the parking brake lever 1 to rotate clockwise about the shaft 6 to operate the parking brake mechanism. The operation minimizes the amount of forward movement of the vehicle, effectively preventing double accidents.

A part of the gas which is explosively generated by the explosive powder 22 explodes into the atmosphere through the small holes 23, but the capacity is instantaneously expanded and the amount thereof is large. It does not affect the action of pushing up the lever 1.

The state in which the parking brake mechanism is activated upon detection of a rear-end collision and the double accident is prevented is maintained as it is because of the structure of the ratchet mechanism. Therefore, the vehicle remains stopped until the impact of the rear-end collision disappears completely.
Next, when releasing the parking brake for starting the vehicle, the knob 14 is pushed and the parking brake lever 1 is pushed down as in a normal operation.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. This structure is also basically similar to that of FIG. 1, but the parking brake mechanism is operated by pushing up the parking brake lever 1 from below without providing the rotating arm 16. Therefore, the cylinder 19 having a large overall length is used, and the cylinder 19 is inclined and attached.

Although the piston rod 24 becomes longer as the cylinder 19 becomes longer, the position of the piston rod 24 alone shifts because the parking brake lever 1 rotates about the shaft 6. The link 18 is axially attached to the tip by a shaft 25. A plate 28 is attached to the tip of the link 18, and a plate 29 that receives the plate 28 is attached in front of the ratchet pawl 10 of the base 3 of the parking brake lever 1. The plate 29 has a U-shape with an open bottom, and is configured so as not to come off when the plate 28 on the cylinder mechanism side comes into contact.

The operation will be described. Regarding the point that the explosive powder 22 explodes when the impact exceeds the predetermined value when the vehicle collides with the following vehicle while the vehicle is stopped and the piston 20 instantaneously moves in the cylinder 19 together with the piston rod 24, It is the same as that of 1. The difference is that the link 18 is connected to the piston rod 24 by the shaft 25.
However, instead of rotating the arm, the plate 28 pushes the plate 29 on the parking brake lever 1 side. As described above, since the plate 29 is attached to the parking brake lever 1 side, when it is pushed, the parking brake lever 1 rotates upward to perform the braking action.

FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the present invention is applied to a parking brake of a type generally called a stick type. This parking brake has two mounting brackets 3
A brake rod 34 having a grip 33 attached to its tip is supported by a substantially L-shaped main body fitting 32 which is attached to a vehicle body (not shown in the figure) with 0 and 31.
The rear end of No. 4 is linked to the brake cable 36 via the arm 35.

More specifically, a brake rod support bracket 37 having a brake rod 34 movably inserted in its axial direction is rotatably supported by a shaft 38 at the front end of the main body fitting 32. Ratchet pawl 3 on shaft 38
9 is also pivotally mounted, and a spring 40 is also wound. One end of the spring 40 is locked to the body fitting 32 and the other end is locked to the ratchet pawl 39. As a result, the ratchet pawl 39 is urged with a force protruding toward the brake rod 34.

Ratchet teeth 41 are continuously engraved on the intermediate portion of the brake rod 34. When the grip 33 is gripped and pulled rightward in the figure, the position where the ratchet teeth 41 are provided engages the ratchet pawl 39 from a position where the grip 33 is slightly pulled, and the arm 35 described below rotates sufficiently to the right. It is a part where meshing continues even in the moved position.
The arm 35 has a V-shape, and the upper end thereof is pivotally attached to the main body fitting 32 by a shaft 42 so that the arm 35 can be rotated from a position shown by a solid line to a position shown by a broken line.

A brake rod receiving member 43, a part of which is formed in a pipe shape, is attached to the lower end of the arm 35 by a shaft 44. The rear end of the brake rod 34 is fitted into the brake rod receiving member 43. Reference numeral 45 is a spring wound around the rear end of the brake rod 34, one end of which is attached to the shaft 46 protruding from the brake rod 34, and the other end of which is the arm 3
It is locked in the groove 47 provided in the No. 5. The spring 45 pulls the brake rod 34 and restricts its direction with respect to the arm 35 and the brake rod receiving member 43, and the ratchet teeth 41 and the ratchet pawl 39.
Function so that the engagement of the

At a portion near the upper end of the arm 35, a stopper fitting 48 attached to the upper end of the brake cable 36 is pivotally attached by a shaft 49. The brake cable 36 is a double cable in which the inner cable 51 is inserted into the outer cable 50, the outer cable 50 is gripped by the cable support bracket 52, and the inner cable 51 is connected to the arm 3
5 and a parking brake mechanism (not shown) are connected.
In the figure, 53 is a parking brake switch, and 54 is a lead wire connected to this parking brake switch 53.

Also in this embodiment, the mechanism from the sensor unit 26 to the link 18 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the link 18 is L-shaped and the tip thereof is connected to the brake rod 34. There is no change. However, since the moving range of the brake rod 34 is large, the length of the cylinder 19 is made sufficiently long and the piston 2
0, the movements of the piston rod 24 and the link 18 are adapted to this. In the figure, the cylinder 19 and the link 18 are shown broken away.

The operation will be described. Regarding the point that the explosive powder 22 explodes when the impact is over the predetermined value while the vehicle is stopped and the impact exceeds a predetermined value, the piston 20 instantaneously moves in the cylinder 19 together with the piston rod 24. 1 and that of FIG. The difference is that the link 18 connected to the piston rod 24 by the shaft 25 rotates the arm, or
It is not to push the plate 29 on the side of the parking brake lever 1 at 8, but to push the brake rod 34 in its axial direction, that is, in the direction pulled by the grip 33. As a result, the parking brake is automatically applied when the vehicle is rear-end hit. When releasing the brake, it is sufficient to rotate the grip 33 by a predetermined angle to release the meshing between the ratchet pawl 39 and the ratchet tooth 41 and push in as in the conventional case.

[0036]

Since the present invention is a vehicle double accident prevention device constructed as described above, the parking brake can be activated at the moment when the vehicle is hit by a following vehicle while the vehicle is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the unexpected forward movement of the vehicle that has collided, and reduce the occurrence of double accidents. It can be easily implemented by only adding a part to the existing structure of the parking brake.

The parking brake used in the present invention can not hold the braking force once obtained by using the main brake using hydraulic pressure, and a separate structure must be attached to hold the braking force. Then, the detent ratchet mechanism originally provided can be used. And since it is a ratchet mechanism, once it is braked, it will not come off due to external force.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing still another embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Parking Brake Lever 8 Brake Cable 19 Cylinder 20 Piston 22 Explosive 26 G Sensor 36 Brake Cable

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle in which a parking brake is operated by pulling a parking brake lever linked to a brake cable, is provided with a means for moving the parking brake lever in a pulling direction when the vehicle is rear-end hit. Characteristic vehicle double accident prevention device. 2. A G sensor for detecting an acceleration when a vehicle is hit by another vehicle, an explosive substance ignited by receiving an output signal of the G sensor and actuated in accordance with an increase in capacity of the explosive substance as the moving means. The double accident prevention device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: an actuator for driving, and an output portion of the actuator being connected to the parking brake lever.