JPH085045A - Vertical cylinder upper flame type incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an incinerator in which materials to be incinerated can be simultaneously charged and a burning temperature can be held at a suitable temperature with a simple structure that movable parts are reduced. CONSTITUTION:An incinerating material inlet 1a, an ignition burner 6 which can ignite the upper surface of incinerating material B charged in and deposited in an incinerator, many injection nozzles 14 for injecting combustion air into the incinerator, an exhaust passage 1d and an ash outlet 1c are provided at a vertical cylinder water-cooled furnace body 1 with a bottom. The nozzles 14 are connected to a forced draft fan 17 via control valves 16a-16e. The valves 16a-16e are switched as the combustion is advanced. The air of suitable quantity is injected from the nozzles 14 at the height positions responsive to a flame layer F and a gas layer G to hold a flame temperature at a suitable temperature.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical tube type upper flame incinerator in which a flame layer is formed above an incineration material that is put into the furnace all at once to promote combustion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various incinerators have been used to incinerate waste. For example, a gasification incinerator in which the gas produced by carbonization of the incinerator is burned in a combustion chamber, a rotary kiln that rotates the cylindrical furnace body to send the incinerator while stirring, or air. Examples thereof include a fluidized bed type incinerator in which an incinerated material is dried and burned in a high-temperature fluidized medium which is fed and fluidized.

[0003]

Among these, in the gasification incinerator, gas accumulation is likely to occur and there is a risk of explosion, so it is not possible to freely incinerate the incinerated matter. In addition, the rotary furnace type has a mechanically movable part, which complicates the structure and requires a large amount of power. In addition, the fluidized bed type requires relatively large power, and it is necessary to pretreat the incinerated material so as not to disturb the fluidization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an incinerator capable of batch-loading incinerators and easily maintaining a proper combustion temperature with a simple structure having few moving parts. And

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] For this purpose, the following vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator was created. That is, claim 1
In the invention according to, a furnace main body having a bottomed vertical cylindrical shape and having an incinerator input port and an exhaust port in the upper portion, an ignition burner capable of igniting the upper surface of the incinerated substance that is charged into the furnace and accumulated, An air injection device that is connected to a plurality of injection holes provided on the side of the furnace body and is capable of injecting combustion air into the furnace from the injection holes at desired height positions, and an ash outlet provided at the bottom of the furnace body. It is characterized by having. Further, in the invention according to claim 2, in the vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator according to claim 1,
A temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the furnace, and a combustion chamber that is connected to the temperature sensor and the air injection device and selects a predetermined injection hole from among the plurality of injection holes based on the temperature in the furnace detected by the temperature sensor A control device for injecting air for use is provided. Further, in the invention according to claim 3, in the vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator according to claim 1, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature inside the furnace, a position sensor for detecting an upper surface position of the incineration object, and the both sensors. And a control device which is connected to the air injection device and selects a predetermined injection hole from the plurality of injection holes based on the detection results of the sensors to inject the combustion air.

[0006]

[Operation] The incinerator is charged into the furnace through the charging port to deposit a predetermined amount. The incinerator is ignited by an ignition burner so that a flame layer is formed on the upper part of the incinerator, and combustion air is injected from the injection holes at the height position corresponding to the flame layer to burn. When the position of the upper surface of the incinerated material moves downward as the combustion progresses, the injection holes are also sequentially switched to lower positions and the combustion air is injected from there. At this time, since all the unburned gas generated by heating the incineration product passes through the upper flame layer, a gas reservoir cannot be formed in the furnace, and it is easy to completely burn and there is no fear of explosion. In addition, ash and other residues are discharged from the ash outlet to the outside of the furnace. Further, in the one provided with the temperature sensor and the control device, the control device selects the injection hole based on the temperature in the furnace detected by the temperature sensor to determine the injection position,
Combustion air can be effectively supplied. Therefore, it becomes easy to maintain the combustion temperature at an appropriate temperature. further,
With a device equipped with a position sensor, it is possible to directly detect a change in the position of the upper surface of the incineration object and add this to the control condition, and fine control is possible.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing a vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator. As shown in the figure, the cylindrical furnace body 1 is formed in a water-cooled type in which the outer surface is wrapped with a water jacket portion 2, and a cooling water supply port 2a, a steam discharge port 2b, and an incinerator input port 1a are provided at the upper end portion. Is provided. A motor-driven slide-type refractory lid 3 is attached to the charging port 1a, and a charging device (not shown) configured to move the bucket 4 containing the incinerated material to move toward and away from the position above the refractory cover 3. ) Is provided. In the lower part of the furnace body 1, a furnace wall 1b, which is heat-resistant castable to maintain the end-of-burn temperature, is inclined downward, and an ash outlet 1c opening horizontally in a part of the furnace wall 1b.
Is provided. The ash outlet 1c is provided with a pusher 5 that can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the drawing by a cylinder mechanism or the like to scrape out the ash.

Further, on the upper side surface of the furnace body 1, an ignition burner 6 capable of igniting the upper surface of the incinerated material B accumulated in a predetermined amount and a temperature sensor 7 capable of detecting the flame temperature or the furnace temperature are attached. An exhaust passage (also referred to as an exhaust port) 1d is provided on the opposite side. The exhaust passage 1d is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor 8 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas, and a smoke eliminating deodorizing burner 9 for burning out unburned components in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas entering the exhaust passage 1d is guided to the exhaust pipe 11 via the high temperature cyclone dust collector 10, and the exhaust pipe 11 is provided with an attracting ejector 13 connected to the attracting fan 12.

The side surface of the furnace body 1 and the furnace wall 1 below the side surface
In b, a large number of injection holes are formed side by side in the vertical direction (two rows are shown on the left and right in this example), and the injection nozzles 14 penetrating the water jacket portion 2 are attached respectively. Ring-shaped air chambers 15 to 15 are provided along the outer circumference of the water jacket portion 2, and each injection nozzle 14 is connected to the control valves 16a to 16e via the air chamber 15 at the corresponding height position. . That is, in this example, the control valves 16a-1
By opening and closing 6e, the injection position can be switched between upper and lower five stages divided by the air chambers 15 to 15. On the side surface of the furnace body 1, vertically adjacent injection nozzles 14, 14 are paired, and they are connected to one air chamber 15.

The control valves 16a to 16e are provided with piping so that combustion air can be supplied from the pushing fan 17, and the injection direction of the injection hole (injection nozzle 14) is such that the combustion air is substantially horizontal in the furnace. It is set to turn to. Although the air injection device according to the present invention is configured as described above, the injection nozzle 14, the air chamber 1
5, the number of control valves 16a to 16e, etc. to be attached is appropriately set depending on the size of the furnace and other conditions. Further, a water injection nozzle 18 capable of injecting water into the furnace is inserted into the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the water injection nozzle 18 is connected to a pump (not shown) via a control valve 19.

The ignition burner 6, the temperature sensors 7 and 8, the smoke eliminating and deodorizing burner 9, the induction fan 12, the control valves 16a to 16e, 19 and the pushing fan 17 are electrically connected to the control panel 20. A control means such as a microcomputer or a sequencer provided in the control panel 20 enables automatic operation as described below.

The operation of the vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator having the above structure will be described. First, the slide-type fireproof lid 3 is fully opened, and the incinerated material B is put into the bucket 4 all at once. The closing limit is the lower edge position of the opening of the exhaust passage 1d. Next, automatic operation is started via the control means of the control panel 20. The operation sequence is roughly as follows. When the operation start button of the control panel 20 is turned on, first, the induction fan 12
Then, the pushing fan 17 is started. Then, the ignition burner 6 automatically ignites and ignites the upper surface portion of the incinerated material B. Temperature sensor 7
When it is detected that the incinerated material B has begun to burn based on the detected temperature, the control valve 16a located at the uppermost stage is opened, and the combustion air is injected from the injection nozzle 14 communicating with the control valve 16a. Thus incinerated B
A flame layer F is formed above the temperature of the combustion chamber, and the temperature sensor 7 detects the flame temperature or the temperature inside the furnace, and the control means of the control panel 20 controls the combustion air to maintain an optimum combustion state based on the temperature change. That is, the injection amount of is controlled.

That is, when the temperature inside the furnace begins to fall below a predetermined temperature range, the upper surface of the incineration product lowers and combustion at the position corresponding to the uppermost stage of the injection positions of the above-mentioned five stages ends. It is determined that Then, in order to start the supply of the combustion air to the position corresponding to the second stage, the control valve in the open state (in this case, 16
The control valve (16b in this case) directly under a) is opened halfway, and an appropriate amount of combustion air is injected toward the gasification layer G below the flame layer F to promote gasification of the incineration material B. At this time, sufficient combustion air is continuously injected into the flame layer F from the control valve 16a. After that, when the furnace temperature does not reach the predetermined temperature, the control valve 16b is fully opened and the control valve 16a is fully closed to prevent excess air.

Similarly, the combustion state and the position of the upper surface of the incineration product are judged based on the temperature change in the furnace, and the control valves 16b to 16e are sequentially opened and closed to follow the flame layer F moving downward. An appropriate amount of combustion air is injected from the injection nozzle 14 to adjust the flame temperature. Therefore, the combustion temperature is maintained within the predetermined range.

In the above combustion process, the combustion air is injected from the injection nozzle 14 so as to form a swirl flow, so that the temperature inside the furnace is made uniform and combustion is promoted. Also,
All the volatile unburned gas generated from the incinerated material B that is heated by the radiant heat of the flame layer F will pass through the flame layer F above, so that no gas pool will be formed in the furnace and complete combustion will be easy. There is no danger of explosion. Therefore, driving operation becomes easy.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas is guided to the high temperature cyclone dust collector 10 through the exhaust passage 1d, and the cleaned exhaust gas is attracted by the action of the attracting ejector 13 to the exhaust pipe 11.
Emitted from. In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas is adjusted to
The exhaust temperature sensor 8 detects the temperature. Especially when the temperature is extremely low near the end of combustion, the smoke eliminating deodorizing burner 9 automatically ignites to burn carbonized components contained in the exhaust gas. There is.

When the combustion of the incinerated material B progresses and the furnace body 1 becomes overheated, the control valve 19 is opened,
The temperature inside the furnace is lowered by atomizing or spraying water from the water injection nozzle 18. Further, when the water in the water jacket portion 2 boils, steam is discharged from the steam discharge port 2b for safety. Then, the residue such as ash accumulated at the bottom of the furnace body 1 is pushed out from the ash outlet by the pusher 5.

In the present embodiment, the control means determines the combustion state based on the temperature inside the furnace detected by the temperature sensor 7 attached to the upper part of the furnace body 1. However, a plurality of temperature sensors are provided. The temperature distribution in the furnace may be detected or the flame temperature may be measured directly. Further, the upper surface position of the incinerated material is provided with a separate sensor, and the detection result is added to the control condition when the control means controls the control valve to determine the injection position and the injection amount of the combustion air. Since fine control is possible, it is possible to operate in an optimal combustion state. Alternatively, when the properties of the incineration product are constant, the injection time of each injection nozzle is set in advance and the control valve 1 is set by the timer.
Control may be simplified by sequentially opening and closing 6a to 16e.

[0019]

As described above, the vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator of the present invention is configured such that the incineration products collectively put in the furnace body are burned by forming a flame layer on the upper part thereof. ,
It is highly safe because no gas can be collected, and it is possible to put incinerated materials at any time, making it easy to operate. Then, the combustion temperature can be maintained at an appropriate temperature by sequentially switching the injection holes and injecting the combustion air in accordance with the change of the upper surface position of the incinerated material. In addition, the maintenance cost is low because the furnace body has a relatively simple structure with no moving parts for maintaining combustion. Furthermore, in the second invention,
Since the temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the furnace and the control means controls the injection position and injection amount of the combustion air based on the detection result, automatic operation of the incinerator becomes easy. Furthermore, in the third aspect of the invention, the position sensor directly detects a change in the position of the upper surface of the incinerated material, and by adding this to the control condition,
Fine control is possible, and it is easy to maintain an optimal combustion state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view showing a vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Furnace body 1a Input port 1c Ash outlet 1d Exhaust passage 6 Ignition burner 7 Temperature sensor 14 Injection nozzle 15 Air chambers 16a to 16e, 19 Control valve 17 Pushing fan 20 Control panel B Incinerator G Gasification layer F Flame layer F

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI Technical display area F23G 5/00 F 5/44 ZAB G

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A furnace main body having a bottomed vertical cylindrical shape and having an incinerator input port and an exhaust port in an upper part thereof, an ignition burner capable of igniting an upper surface part of the incinerated substance loaded and accumulated in the furnace, and An air injection device that is connected to a plurality of injection holes provided on the side of the furnace body and is capable of injecting combustion air into the furnace from the injection holes at desired height positions, and an ash outlet provided at the bottom of the furnace body. Standing type upper flame incinerator equipped with. 2. A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the furnace, and a predetermined injection hole from among the plurality of injection holes based on the temperature inside the furnace connected to the temperature sensor and the air injection device and detected by the temperature sensor. The vertical cylinder type upper flame incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising: 3. A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the furnace, a position sensor for detecting the position of the upper surface of the incinerator, and a plurality of injections based on the detection results of both sensors and the air injection device. The vertical cylinder upper flame incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a control device that selects a predetermined injection hole from among the holes to inject the combustion air.