JPH08290292A - Electron beam, laser beam or tig welding method of ferrous sintered material or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a weld zone of excellent quality by inserting a solid insert containing the specified metal at the prescribed weight ratio between groove faces, and surely melting the insert together with the base metal without any positional deviation of the beam or the arc. CONSTITUTION: In a method where ferrous sintered materials, the ferrous sintered material and the cast steel, the ferrous sintered material and the cast iron, the ferrous sintered material and the medium carbon steel, or the ferrous sintered material and the high carbon steel are electron beam welded, laser beam welded or TIG(tungsten inert gas) welded to each other, a solid insert which mainly consists of the metal containing, at least, 5-50wt.% Ni and 5-30wt.% Mn, and in addition, 0.2-5wt.% in total at least one or more kinds of Al, Ti, V and Zr is inserted between the groove faces, and welded. The insert preferably contains 0.5-20wt.% slag generating agent such as silicate, carbonate, oxide and fluoride. When the insert is manufactured by the powder metallurgical method, the bulk density is preferably >=3g/cm<3> .

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for welding various metallic materials, and uses iron-based sintered materials as one base material or an iron-based sintered material as one base material, and uses cast steel, cast iron, medium carbon steel and high-grade steel. Electron beam welding using one of the carbon steels as the base material for the other,
The present invention relates to a method of laser welding or TIG arc welding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case where iron-based sintered materials are welded to each other, or the iron-based sintered material is used as one base metal, one of cast steel, cast iron, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel is used as the other base metal. When welding as a material, unlike ordinary welding of steel materials, many methods of electron beam welding, laser welding or TIG welding have been tried while supplying a filler wire as a filler material to the joint.

For example, as a method for welding a sintered material, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-74137, Ni, Cr,
There is a method of laser welding while supplying a filler wire containing Mo as an essential component. This is because the sintered material is porous so that large blowholes are generated in the weld metal, the strength of the welded portion cannot be ensured, and cracking is prevented.

Further, when welding cast steel, cast iron, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel, the filler metal is used to secure the strength of the welded portion and prevent cracking due to the relatively high carbon content. It is necessary to plan.

[0005]

However, when welding is performed while supplying a filler wire to a high energy density beam such as a laser beam or a TIG arc, the supplied filler wire may be wound to some extent to some extent. However, there is a case in which the tip of the filler wire does not hit the beam or arc and a positional deviation occurs, and the filler wire is not melted and welding must be interrupted.

In the conventional method, a guide for guiding the filler wire to the beam position is used, but it is necessary to install the guide near the beam irradiation position or the TIG arc target position. Therefore, depending on the shape of the part to be welded, the guide may come into contact with the target part, so that welding may not be performed. Further, the condition setting factor at the time of welding increases by one item (guide setting angle), which is also disadvantageous in performing stable welding.

Further, the use of filler wires of various components as a filler material for the welding of the base metal has been studied, but the above-mentioned problems associated with the supply of the filler wires and the problems such as securing the strength and cracking of the welded part are considered. In both cases, the actual situation is that no satisfactory solution that solves these problems has been found.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and includes an electron beam, a laser beam, and a TIG.
It is possible to reliably melt the filler metal together with the base metal by the arc and perform welding, and it is possible to obtain a good quality weld with very few welding defects. An object of the present invention is to provide an electron beam, laser or TIG welding method for an iron-based sintered material or the like, which is difficult and allows expansion of products to be applied.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an iron-based sintered material, an iron-based sintered material and cast steel,
Electron beam welding, laser welding or TIG of iron-based sintered material and cast iron, iron-based sintered material and medium carbon steel, iron-based sintered material and high carbon steel
In the welding method, at least Ni is 5 to 50 wt.
%, Mn is contained in the range of 5 to 30 wt%, in addition to Al,
A solid insert material containing a metal as a main component and containing at least one of Ti, V, and Zr in a total amount of 0.2 to 5 wt% is inserted between the groove faces to perform welding. It is what

[0010]

According to the present invention, the iron-based sintered materials are used as one base material or the iron-based sintered materials are used as one base material, and any one of cast steel, cast iron, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel is used as the other base material. The target is the material combination. This is because at least a filler material is preferably used for welding using these materials as base materials.

When these materials are used for welding by laser beam, electron beam or TIG arc, they are used as a solid insert material containing metal as a main component. Unlike the conventional filler wire supply, the solid insert material as the filler material is inserted between the groove surfaces to be joined prior to the start of welding. Since the filler wire is not used, it is possible to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems associated with supplying the filler wire.

The solid insert material may be in the form of a thin plate manufactured by melting or a thin plate manufactured by compression molding of powder.

In the case of an insert material that is not in the form of a solid, that is, in the form of powder, not all of the supplied powder is melted by a laser beam or an electron beam,
Excess powder is scattered unmelted, which pollutes the working environment and lowers the yield, which is not desirable.

By including at least Ni in the range of 5 to 50 wt% and Mn in the range of 5 to 30 wt% as the components of the solid insert material, the structure of the weld metal can be made into austenite or a mixed structure of austenite, so that martensite is included. Transformation is suppressed and low temperature cracking due to hardening can be prevented. Further, by containing at least one kind of Al, Ti, V, and Zr in a total amount of 0.2 to 5 wt%, it is linked with nitrogen or oxygen, so that generation of blowholes due to nitrogen or oxygen is prevented. it can.

If the Ni content is less than 5 wt%, it is insufficient to suppress the martensitic transformation of the weld metal.
If it exceeds 50 wt%, hot cracking tends to occur in the weld metal. Further, if the Mn content is less than 5 wt%, the deoxidizing power is insufficient and it is also insufficient for suppressing martensitic transformation, while if it is contained in excess of 30 wt%, its effect is saturated. Not only that, the ductility of the weld metal deteriorates. The content of Al, Ti, V, and Zr is 0.2.
If it is less than wt%, there is no blowhole prevention effect, and it is 5 wt%
If it exceeds, the appearance of the weld bead is significantly deteriorated and cracks are likely to occur.

If necessary, a slag forming agent such as a silicate, a carbonate, an oxide, or a fluoride is added in an amount of 0.5 to 20 wt% to make the shape of the weld bead, especially the shape of the starting end, gentle. And contributes to the improvement of joint fatigue strength. In this case, if it is less than 0.5 wt%, there is no effect, and 2
Even if added in excess of 0 wt%, the effect is saturated and slag entrapment defects are likely to occur, which is not preferable.

In addition, other metal components may be contained as required. For example, C can be contained up to 0.6 wt% for promoting austenitization of weld metal. Si can be contained up to 0.6 wt% in order to promote deoxidation and improve molten metal flowability. Cr is 13 wt% to increase the solid solution amount of nitrogen in the weld metal and improve the strength.
% Can be contained.

As described above, as the solid insert material, a molten material may be processed and used, but when manufactured by powder metallurgy or the like, it is preferable that the bulk density is 3 g / cm ³ or more. If the bulk density is less than 3 g / cm ³ , blowholes are likely to occur and the bead excess is likely to be insufficient.

When the solid insert material is manufactured by powder metallurgy or the like, it is preferable to use a binder to maintain the shape and insert the material. The proper binder ratio in this case is 1 to 1.
It is in the range of 0 wt%. If it is less than 1% by weight, the shape-maintaining effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, defects such as blowholes are caused, which is not preferable. Typical binders are water glass and zinc stearate. Of course, it is not limited to these.

In the present invention, electron beam welding, laser welding,
Any welding method of TIG arc welding can be applied, and there is no particular limitation on welding conditions except that a solid insert material is used. Further, the materials of the iron-based sintered material, cast steel, cast iron, medium carbon steel, and high carbon steel can be those having a commonly-known component composition.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be shown below.

Example 1 This example is an example of a laser welding test between iron-based sintered materials using a solid insert material.

Table 1 shows the chemical composition (wt%) and density of the iron-based sintered material. The size of the test piece is 10 mm thick x width (50 m
m + 50 mm) × length 120 mm. A laser welding test was conducted on the iron-based sintered material under the laser welding conditions shown in Table 2 using the filler material having the composition shown in Table 3. As a comparative example, a test by supplying a filler wire, which is a conventional method, was also performed. The wire diameter of the filler wire is 1.2 mm.
The solid insert material has a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm.
The size was 120 mm in length, and it was manufactured by melting and then shaping it, or by using water glass or zinc stearate as a binder and press-molding powder of a predetermined component. Table 4 shows the workability during welding and the results of evaluation by X-ray inspection after welding.

[0024]

[Table 1]

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026]

[Table 3]

[0027]

[Table 4]

From Table 4, it is found that the workability of the conventional method for supplying the filler wire is poor, and even if the filler wire has an appropriate composition, the bead appearance is adversely affected due to the wire meandering at the time of supplying the wire, and the X-ray inspection is performed. The result is also bad. Further, in the comparative example using the solid insert material, the chemical composition thereof is out of the range of the present invention, and therefore the X-ray inspection result is inferior. On the other hand, in the examples of the present invention, there is no problem of workability associated with supplying the filler wire, and the bead appearance and the X-ray inspection result are also good. Inventive Example I has a bulk density outside the preferred range, and Inventive Example J has a binder content outside the preferred range, and therefore the X-ray inspection results are not good.

Example 2 This example is an example of an electron beam welding test between ferrous sintered materials using a solid insert material.

An electron beam welding test was carried out on the test piece of the iron-based sintered material used in Example 1 described above, using the solid insert materials of symbols C, H, J and P in Example 1. It was Insert material size is 1mm thickness x 12mm width
The length was 120 mm, and welding was performed under the welding conditions shown in Table 5. Table 6 shows the results of evaluation by bead appearance and X-ray inspection after welding.

[0031]

[Table 5]

[0032]

[Table 6]

As is clear from Table 6, even if the welding method is replaced by electron beam welding, the examples of the present invention all show good results.

[Example 3] This example is an example of a laser welding test of an object to be welded in which an iron-based sintered material and various materials are combined.

Laser welding was performed on the test pieces of various material combinations shown in Table 7 under the same welding conditions as in Example 1. In Table 7, SC480 is cast steel material, FCD500 is cast iron material, S
M490 is a medium carbon steel material and S25C is a high carbon steel material.
The size of the test piece is 10 mm thick x width (50 mm + 50 m
m) × 120 mm in length, and as an insert material, the symbol P in Example 1 (size: thickness 1 mm × width 12 mm)
X length 120 mm) was used. After welding, bead appearance, X
The results evaluated by the line inspection are also shown in Table 7.

[0036]

[Table 7]

As shown in Table 7, according to the examples of the present invention, good results were obtained.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, cast iron, cast iron, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel are used, with the iron-based sintered materials being one or the iron-based sintered materials as one base material. When performing welding with one of the above as the base metal of the other,
With a laser beam or TIG arc, a solid insert material of a predetermined metal component inserted between the groove surfaces can be reliably melted together with the base material without the beam or arc being displaced, and welding can be performed.
It is possible to obtain a good quality weld with very few welding defects, and since it is only necessary to insert a solid insert material between the groove faces, it is difficult to be restricted by the shape of the part to be welded and It can be expanded.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An electron beam comprising iron-based sintered materials, iron-based sintered material and cast steel, iron-based sintered material and cast iron, iron-based sintered material and medium carbon steel, and iron-based sintered material and high carbon steel. In the method of welding, laser welding or TIG welding, at least Ni is 5 to 50 wt%,
Mn is contained in the range of 5 to 30 wt%, in addition to Al, T
At least one of i, V, and Zr is 0.
An electron beam such as an iron-based sintered material, a laser or a T, characterized in that a solid insert material containing a metal as a main component containing 2 to 5 wt% is inserted between the groove faces and welded.
IG welding method. 2. The electron beam, laser or TIG of an iron-based sintered material according to claim 1, wherein the solid insert material contains a slag forming agent in an amount of 0.5 to 20 wt%.
Welding method. 3. The bulk density of the solid insert material is 3 g.
/ Cm ³ or more, the electron beam, laser or TIG welding method for the iron-based sintered material according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The iron-based sintered material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the solid insert material contains 1 to 10 wt% of a binder represented by water glass and zinc stearate. Electron beam, laser or TIG welding method.