JPH08284310A - Combined beam material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a combined beam material that is excellent in anticorrosiveness and integrality at a joint where a wood material and a steel material are combined together and strong in bending strength while being producible easily in a shape having smaller section. CONSTITUTION: One or both of flanges 2 on the upper and the lower parts of an H-steel 1 is or are formed respectively in a channel-shaped section with its width of the outwardly opened channel becomes narrower as it approaches the opening side. A wood material 11 in a width slightly wider than the channel is pressure fitted into the channel shaped opening 3, and the wood material 11 is pressed with the channel shaped opening 3. Side walls of the channel shaped opening 3 function like plate springs and prevent the wood material 11 from coming off. With compressive force applied, the wood material 11 becomes hardly absorbent, and also becomes resistive against corrosion. By virture of combined structure of steel and wood material, flexural rigidity can be heightened while production in a form having smaller section becomes possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite beam material in which a steel material and a wood material are combined, and is used as a beam, a body difference, a base, a girder, etc. of a wooden house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general buildings, various laminated laminated wood materials and composite materials have been proposed, the main purpose of which is to reduce the cross-sectional dimension as much as possible while improving the bending strength thereof. Especially.

For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-299654, for the purpose of increasing rigidity, in a composite beam in which wooden materials are laminated, plate-like reinforcing materials are arranged at several places in the thickness direction of the laminated wooden materials. What you have done is listed.

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-194523, a pair of upper and lower wood materials are connected by a stiffener made of wood, and a pair of left and right metal plates are attached to the side surfaces of the wood material to form a substantially H-shaped cross section. Beams are listed.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 57-119021 discloses a housing wall made of a steel material having joints having a U-shaped cross section at both ends of a main body, and a wood material inserted into the joints. The composite crosspiece is described, and a wooden material fixed with a sword tip portion provided on the inner surface of a joint portion of a screw or a steel material is illustrated.

[0006]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-29965
In the case of the composite beam described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4, the laminated material made of wood material requires a dedicated tool for cutting and punching, so that sufficient accuracy cannot be obtained. Further, although it has higher rigidity than wood, it has a large cross section as a beam material, which causes problems of high cost and adhesive durability.

In the case of the composite beam disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-194523, the steel plate provided between the upper and lower wood materials is easily affected by cold and warm, the expansion and contraction of the steel plate becomes severe, and the shear stress is applied to the adhesive layer. It may occur repeatedly and the adhesive strength may be reduced.

Also, in the case of the composite crosspiece of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-119021, screws or nails are required to integrate the wood material and the steel material, or special processing such as a sword tip portion is required for the steel material. There are challenges in production.

Further, any of the composite materials has a problem of corrosion due to water absorption in the wood material portion.

The present invention provides a composite beam material which is easy to manufacture, has a high bending strength, can be made smaller in beam cross section, and is excellent in the integrity and corrosion resistance at the joint portion between the wood material and the steel material. This is the purpose.

[0011]

A composite beam material according to claim 1 of the present application is a groove in which one or both of the upper and lower flanges of an H-shaped steel is opened outward and the groove width is gradually reduced toward the opening side. The wood material is formed into a cross section, and a wood material having a width slightly wider than the groove width is press-fitted into the groove opening, and the wood material is pressure-bonded at the groove opening.

The reason why the groove width is gradually reduced toward the opening side in the groove-shaped opening is to allow this portion to have a spring function and prevent the wood material from coming out.

[0013] Usually, the thickness (height) of the wood material in the vertical direction.
Is made higher than the groove depth of the groove-shaped opening so as to protrude from the groove-shaped opening by a predetermined height, for example, about 20 to 50 mm in the fitted state, but when it does not protrude (when the protruding height is 0, etc. ) But it is possible to nail wood parts.

The wood material is usually press-fitted from one end of the groove-shaped opening, but if possible, the wood-like material is pushed in from the upper surface of the opening (when the opening faces upward) or the lower surface of the opening (when the opening faces downward) to be fitted. It is possible to do it. In addition, the wood material is usually H
Provided over the entire length of the shaped steel, but only in a part of the longitudinal direction,
Alternatively, they may be provided in a distributed manner.

The wood material itself has a certain degree of bending or is likely to bend, but by making the width slightly wider than the groove width (inner dimension) of the groove-shaped opening,
A strong crimping force can be obtained by press fitting. Note that it is effective to chamfer the edges of the wood material in order to facilitate pressure fitting and the like.

A composite beam material according to claim 3 of the present application is formed by forming a groove-shaped cross section with a lip that opens one or both of the upper and lower flanges of the H-section steel outward, and in the groove-shaped opening portion with the lip, A wood material having a slit that engages with a lip on the side surface is press-fitted from the longitudinal end of the groove-shaped opening.

In this case, the engagement of the lip portion completely prevents the wood material from slipping out from the upper or lower side of the opening, but due to the friction between the wood material and the inner surface of the groove-shaped opening due to bending of the wood material or the like. Is also integrated. Further, by setting the lateral width of the wood material to be substantially equal to or slightly wider than the groove width of the groove-shaped cross section, a strong crimping force can be obtained by pressure fitting (corresponding to claim 5). Also in this case, it is advisable to chamfer the edges of the wood material, if necessary.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is limited to the composite beam material according to the third aspect, wherein the H-shaped steel lip is inclined toward the inner surface side of the groove-shaped opening. Similar to the side surface of the groove-shaped opening, it has a function of a spring, and can enhance the pressure-bonding force with respect to the wood material, and prevent the wood material from being corroded by water absorption or the like.

[0019]

In the present invention, as a beam material of a wooden house, strength,
By using a specially-shaped H-section steel having excellent rigidity, it is possible to reduce the size of various wooden beam members that tend to be difficult to obtain.

For example, pine wood (allowable bending stress 90 kg / cm ² )
H-shaped steel (allowable bending stress 1400 kg
/ cm ² ), a reduction in cross section of about 50-80% can be expected.

Further, the wood material fitted into the groove-shaped opening of the flange of the H-section steel can be nailed in the same manner as a conventional wood member such as wood joist or wood panel as a joist receiving material.

The wood material itself is likely to bend to some extent, and by press-fitting into the groove-shaped opening, the wood material and the inner surface of the groove-shaped opening can be integrated by friction. By press-fitting a groove having a size slightly larger than the inner dimension of the groove-shaped opening, it is possible to easily and surely attach without using an adhesive, bolts or nails.

Further, by utilizing the spring effect due to the shape of the groove-shaped opening or the press fitting of the wood material into the groove-shaped opening,
By applying a compressive force to the wood material, it is possible to prevent the wood material from absorbing water and enhance the corrosion resistance.

[0024]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows an example of a composite beam material according to claim 1 of the present application. In this example, the upper flange of the H-section steel 1 is formed into a groove-shaped cross section, and The opening 3 is formed.
The side wall portion of the groove-shaped opening 3 is inclined so that the groove width is narrowed upward, and a wood material 11 corresponding to a conventional wood floor receiving material is fitted into the groove-shaped opening 3. A composite beam having a high bending rigidity is formed by combining the H-shaped steel 1 and the wood material 11.

As the H-section steel 1, rolled H-section steel, welded H-section steel or the like can be used.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention according to claim 1. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Groove-shaped openings 3 are formed in the upper and lower flanges of the shaped steel 1, and wood materials 11 are fitted therein.

When the wood material 11 is fitted from the longitudinal end of the groove-shaped opening 3, the chamfered portion 12 is formed on the end of the wood material 11 as shown in FIG. Press-fitting becomes easy.

FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment of the invention according to claim 1. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the wood material 11 having a rectangular cross section is used. 1
Although the side wall of the groove-shaped opening 3 has a small inclination, the side wall of the groove-shaped opening 3 of the H-shaped steel 1 has a large spring effect and a slip-out preventing function described later in this embodiment. The inclination is increased, and the fitting portion of the wooden material 11 is also inclined by cutting.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the spring function of the groove-shaped opening 3, and the wood is formed with respect to the inclination angle α (1 to 45 °) of the side wall of the groove-shaped opening 3 of the flange of the H-shaped steel 1. The inclination angle α ₁ of the fitting part of the material 11 is set to be slightly larger than α, and one end of the wood material 11 (preferably chamfered) is pushed in and fitted into the groove opening 3 while applying pressure. By doing so, the side wall portion of the groove-shaped opening 3 functions as a leaf spring,
The wood material 11 can be pressure bonded.

An example of the dimensions will be given with reference to FIGS. 1 (b) and 3, and the size of the H-section steel 1 has a height H = 80 to 450 m.
m, the flange width B = 40 to 250 mm, the rising height t of the side wall portion of the groove-shaped opening 3 = 20 to 60 mm, and the thickness of the flange portion is about 2.3 to 6 mm. Further, the height t ₁ = 0 of the protruding portion from the groove-shaped opening 3 in the cross section of the wood material 11
˜2 t (preferably about 20 to 50 mm), width B ₁ = 1.
It is about 0 to 1.1B.

FIG. 5 shows the manner in which the joist 21 is fixed to the wood material 11 on the upper part of the composite beam with the nail 22 in the embodiment shown in FIG. It can be performed in the same manner as in the case of nailing.

FIG. 6 shows a case in which a mortise hole 23 as shown in FIG. 6 (b) is machined in the wood material 11 fitted to the flange 2 and a wooden pillar material 24 is joined in the embodiment of FIG. It is a thing. For joining the wood material 11 and the wooden pillar material 24, in addition to the mortise hole 23, it is possible to use joining hardware 25, 26 or the like that can be nailed or bolted by forming nail holes or bolt holes. .

FIG. 7 shows an example of a joint structure of composite beam members with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2. In this example, the web surface of the H-shaped steel 1 of the composite beam members which are butted at right angles is L-shaped. Bolts are joined by bolts 28 through the joining hardware 27. In the figure, the web of the H-shaped steel 1 of the composite beam on the right side is projected from the material end, and one side or both sides of the web is fixed by the L-shaped joint metal 27 and the bolt 28.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the composite beam material according to claim 3 of the present application. In this embodiment, the upper flange of the H-section steel 1 is formed in a grooved cross section with a lip, The groove-shaped opening 3 having the number 4 is provided. On the other hand, a slit 13 is formed on the side surface of the wood material 11, and the wood material 11 is press-fitted from one end of the groove-shaped opening 3 so that the lip 4 and the slit 13 are engaged with each other. 1 and the wood material 11 are integrated.

As the H-section steel 1, rolled H-section steel, welded H-section steel or the like can be used.

The engagement of the lip 4 and the slit 13 completely prevents the wooden material 11 from coming out upward, but due to the friction between the wooden material 11 and the inner surface of the groove-shaped opening 3 due to the bending of the wooden material 11 or the like. Is also integrated.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the invention according to claim 1. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the upper and lower flanges of the H-section steel 1 are lip-shaped. The groove-shaped opening 3 with 4 is formed, and the wood material 11 is fitted in each of them.

When the wood material 11 is fitted from the longitudinal end of the groove-shaped opening 3, the chamfered portion 12 is formed on the end of the wood material 11 as shown in FIG. 9 (c). Press-fitting becomes easy.

In this case as well, a strong crimping force can be obtained by press fitting by setting the lateral width of the wood material to be substantially equal to or slightly wider than the groove width of the grooved cross section. Further, the lip 4 is formed on the inner surface side of the groove-shaped opening 3 by inclining it by about 1 to 5 °, and the pressure by the pushing force is applied from the longitudinal end of the groove-shaped opening 3 to make the inclination. When approaching 0 ° (when the slit 13 of the wood material 11 is horizontal), the lip 4 portion functions like a leaf spring, and the crimping force increases.

FIG. 11 shows a case where the wood material 11 fitted to the flange 2 is machined with a mortise hole 23 as shown in FIG. It is a thing. For joining the wood material 11 and the wooden pillar material 24, in addition to the mortise hole 23, a joining metal 25 that can be nailed or bolted by forming nail holes or bolt holes,
26 and the like can be used.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a joint structure of composite beam members for the embodiment of FIG. 9, in which the web surface of the H-shaped steel 1 of the composite beam members which are butted at right angles is an L-shaped joint metal 27. It is bolted with a bolt 28 via.
In the figure, the web of the H-shaped steel 1 of the composite beam on the right side is projected from the end of the material, and one side or both sides of the web are fixed by the L-shaped joint metal 27 and the bolt 28.

[0042]

[Effect of the Invention] The rigidity and bending strength are higher than those of wooden beams, and the beam cross-section can be made smaller.

It is possible to join another wood member or the like by nailing to the wood member fitted into the groove-shaped opening of the H-section steel flange.

Because of the bending of the wood material itself fitted in the groove-shaped opening of the flange and the friction between the wood material and the inner surface of the groove-shaped opening, the integrity of the wood material and the steel material is high.

In connection with the above, the wood material can be attached to the groove-shaped opening portion of the flange without using an adhesive, bolts or nails, and the production is easy.

By using the shape of the groove-shaped opening for the wood material to be fitted or press-fitting the wood material with the dimension of the wood material slightly larger than the dimension of the groove-shaped opening, the steel material is crimped. In addition to increasing the integrity of the portion and the wood material portion, the compression of the wood material makes it difficult to absorb water and improves corrosion resistance.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 1, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a vertical sectional view.

2A and 2B show another embodiment of the invention according to claim 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing a chamfered shape of a wood material end portion.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing still another embodiment of the invention according to claim 1.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a spring function of the groove opening in the invention according to claim 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a joined state of nailing of joists for the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the tenon is used to join with another wooden member in the embodiment of FIG. 3;

7 is a perspective view showing an example of a joint structure of composite beam members for the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the invention according to claim 3;

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the invention according to claim 3, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view, and (c) is a perspective view showing a chamfered shape of a wood material end portion. It is a figure.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a joined state of nailing of joists for the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing how the tenon is used to join with another wooden member in the embodiment of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a joint structure of composite beam members for the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... H-shaped steel, 2 ... Flange, 3 ... Groove-shaped opening, 4 ... Lip, 11 ... Wood material, 12 ... Chamfered section, 13 ... Slit,
21 ... Wooden joist, 22 ... Nails, 23 ... Mortise, 24 ... Wooden pillars, 25, 26, 27 ... Joining hardware, 28 ... Bolts,

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. One or both of the upper and lower flanges of the H-section steel is opened outward to form a groove-shaped cross section in which the groove width gradually decreases toward the opening side, and the groove-shaped opening has a width slightly smaller than the groove width. A composite beam material, characterized in that a wood material having a wide width is press-fitted to, and the wood material is crimped at a groove-shaped opening. 2. The composite beam material according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the wood material in a vertical direction is higher than a groove depth of the groove-shaped opening, and the wood-shaped material protrudes from the groove-shaped opening by a predetermined height in a fitted state. 3. One or both of the upper and lower flanges of H-section steel is formed in a grooved section with a lip that opens outward, and the grooved opening with a lip has a slit on the side surface that engages with the lip. A composite beam material, characterized in that a wood material is press-fitted from the longitudinal end of the groove-shaped opening. 4. The composite beam according to claim 3, wherein the H-shaped steel lip is inclined toward the inner surface side of the groove-shaped opening. 5. The composite beam material according to claim 3, wherein the width of the wood material is substantially equal to or slightly wider than the groove width of the groove-shaped opening.