JPH07322779A - Apparatus for opening and closing agricultural and horticultural net - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject apparatus, equipped with a drum supported rotatably in both the normal and the reverse directions and a slider having a pair of engaging members, capable of ensuring the amount of winding simply by lengthening the drum even in the case of a large agricultural and horticultural area, excellent in safety and operating efficiency and useful for insect repelling, etc., of a green tea garden, etc. CONSTITUTION:This apparatus for opening and closing an agricultural and horticultural net is obtained by installing a drum 1 supported rotatably in both the normal and the reverse directions, and a slider 2 supported on a rotating shaft 23 of the drum 1 so as to enable the reciprocation parallel thereto and having a pair of engaging parts (7a) and (7b). The apparatus is capable of leading all ends of wires 3, (3a) and (3b) stretched so as to enable the reciprocation of a net spread on the ground of an agricultural and horticultural area such as a green tea garden through a pair of guide pulleys (11a) and (11b) toward the slider 2, further engaging the wires with the engaging parts (7a) and (7b), then respectively winding the wires in the mutual reverse directions, in the opposite directions around the drum 1, forming a winding part and an unwinding part and securing the wires to the end of the drum 1. Furthermore, the slider 2 preferably has a guide interposed between the winding part and unwinding part of the wires 3, (3a) and (3b) wound around the drum 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net, and more particularly to an opening / closing device for a light-shielding, insect-proof, wind-proof and frost-proof net used in tea fields, pear racks, shiitake cultivation fields and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an agricultural or horticultural field such as a tea plantation or a shiitake cultivating field, a net is put on the ground to expose the crops or cultivated products to direct sunlight
We try to prevent damage from insects, wind, and frost. As a net opening / closing device of this type, a device shown in FIG. 6 has been conventionally proposed. In this device, a horizontal beam 32 is installed on a plurality of columns 31 standing upright in the field, and a support frame 33 is assembled by the horizontal beams 32. One end of a net 34 is fixed to the support frame 33, and the other end is slidably attached. Further, an endless running wire 35 is stretched on the support frame 34 in a rectangular shape by a pulley 36 so as to be parallel to the opening / closing direction of the net 34. A part of the traveling wire 35 is fixed to the end portion of the net 34 on the slide side, as indicated by P _{1 to} P ₄ in the figure.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, one end of each of the pair of drive wires 37a and 37b is fastened to both ends of the drum 38 and wound in opposite directions, and also via pulleys 39a and 39b. It is arranged along the traveling wire 35, and the other end is fixed to the traveling wire 35 at P ₂ and P ₄ in the figure. In this device, when the drum 38 is driven in the forward and reverse directions, one of the drive wires 37a and 37b is wound around the drum 38, and the other is unwound from the drum 38, whereby the traveling wire 35 reciprocates and the net 34 is formed. It is designed to be opened and closed.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional device,
If the net becomes large in a large-scale farm or garden, the winding amount of the drive wires 37a, 37b will increase accordingly, so that it is necessary to increase the diameter or length of the drum 38.
However, if the diameter of the drum 38 is increased, the size of the device becomes large. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the length of the drum 38 is increased, the swing angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ at the time of winding the drive wires 37a and 37b become large. As a result of being wound on the drive wire 37
The difference between the winding amount and the rewinding amount of a and 37b causes the drive wires 37a and 37b to be loosened or overtightened, and the pulley 3
Problems such as falling off from 9a and 39b and biting occurred.

In order to prevent the swing angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ at the time of winding the drive wires 37a and 37b from increasing, it is sufficient to increase the distance between the drum 38 and the pulley 39, but in some cases the distance cannot be secured. Many are practically difficult.
Further, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the drive wires 37a and 37b to increase the winding amount and the rewinding amount. However, if the diameter is decreased, the strength is reduced and the elongation is increased, and the groove 38a of the drum 38 and the pulley are also increased. 39 must be changed accordingly, and the equipment must be changed drastically. An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and the wire for opening and closing the net can be wound around the drum uniformly at an equal pitch, and the size of the drum and the diameter of the wire can be changed even in the net having different opening and closing amounts. It is an object of the present invention to provide an opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net that can be opened / closed without opening.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an agricultural method in which a net stretched above the ground of an agricultural or horticultural field such as a tea plantation is slid by a wire stretched reciprocally so as to be opened and closed. In an opening and closing device for a gardening net, a drum rotatably supported in both forward and reverse directions, and a slider having a pair of hooks that are supported so as to be capable of reciprocating in parallel with a rotation axis of the drum, Both ends of the wire are guided toward the slider through a pair of guide pulleys, further hooked at the hooking portions of the slider, and then wound around the drums in opposite directions. The winding part and the rewinding part are formed and fixed to the end of the drum.

In this structure, when the drum is driven in the forward direction, one end of the wire is wound around the drum, the other end is unwound from the drum, and the net is opened. Since the slider moves in parallel with the drum as the wire is wound and unwound, the wire is wound around the drum with the swing angle kept constant. On the contrary, when the drum is driven in the opposite direction, the wire on the wound side is unwound, the wire on the unwound side is wound, and the net is closed. Even at this time, the slider moves in parallel with the drum, so that the swing angle of the wire is kept constant.

In a preferred embodiment, the slider is
A guide may be provided between the winding portion and the rewinding portion of the wire wound around the drum. Since the guide is pushed by the wire wound on the drum and reliably moves to the rewinding side, the swing angle does not change.
Further, since this guide moves at the same pitch as the wire diameter, the wire diameter is not limited. Therefore, the diameter of the wire can be changed according to need such as increasing the strength of the wire or reducing the elongation. In the vicinity of the pair of guide pulleys, a pair of rollers may be provided to press the wire from both sides to adjust the tension of the wire. The pair of rollers adjusts the tension of the wire that changes as the winding position and the rewinding position of the wire move, so that the wire is not loosened or overtightened.

Further, in this agricultural and horticultural net opening / closing apparatus, a locking piece fixed to the wire, a stationary fixing member with which the locking piece abuts at the open position and the closed position of the net, and the drum are provided. A motor for rotating in both forward and reverse directions, the motor further comprising: a motor whose casing is rotatably supported about a drive shaft; and a detection means for detecting movement of the casing in the rotation direction. The rotation of the drum may be stopped based on a casing movement detection signal from the. In this configuration, if the wire locking piece comes into contact with the stationary fixing member or if the wire movement becomes difficult for some reason, further wire movement is restricted, resulting in a sudden increase in the motor load. As a reaction, the casing rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the drive shaft. As a result, the rotation of the casing is detected by the detecting means, and the rotation of the drum is stopped.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an opening and closing device for an agricultural and horticultural net according to the present invention, but the net, its supporting columns and a supporting frame are the same as those shown in FIG. 6 and are omitted. This device
The drum 1, the slider 2, the wire 3, and the drum 1
And a motor 4 which is a rotation driving means of the. The drum 1 has an elongated cylindrical shape, is horizontally supported by a mount 5, and is rotatable. The gantry 5 is appropriately fixed to the support of the net (see FIG. 6).

The slider 2 has two guide rods 6a, 6 which are horizontally installed on a mount 5 above the drum 1.
It is inserted through b and is movable in parallel with the axis of the drum 1. As shown in FIG. 2, hook rollers 7a and 7b, which are hook portions of both ends 3a and 3b of the wire 3, are rotatably attached to both side surfaces of the slider 2. Instead of the latching rollers 7a and 7b, a headed pin or bolt may be used. Further, when the moving range of the slider 2 is wide, the wire 3 tilts to the opposite side and comes off the latching rollers 7a and 7b. In such a case, as shown in FIG. The wires 3a and 3b are sandwiched between them, and the same hanging roller 7 as in FIG.
It is preferable that two a and 7b are provided side by side, or a so-called eyebolt having an annular head is attached and the wire 3 is passed therethrough. On the other hand, a rectangular guide 9 is projectingly provided on the lower surface of the slider 2. The guide 9 has a shape such that its lower end surface is close to the drum 1, and its front end surface and rear end surface are substantially in contact with the wires 3a and 3b wound around the drum 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wire 3 includes four pulleys 10 attached to a support frame of the net (see FIG. 6).
It is stretched in a rectangular shape through a to 10d. Then, both ends 3a, 3b thereof are guided downward through the guide pulleys 11a, 11b and crossed, and thereafter, are hooked by the hooking rollers 7a, 7b of the slider 2, and as shown in FIG. The drums 1 are tightly wound in opposite directions to each other in opposite directions and without a gap, and are fastened to the ends of the drum 1 by screws 12. When winding both ends 3a and 3b of the wire 3 around the drum 1, the spacing W between the winding start ends needs to be such that the swing angle θ of the wires 3a and 3b is 2 ° or less. In addition, instead of the latching rollers 7a and 7b, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, two pins 8 are installed side by side and the wire 3 is placed between them.
If it is sandwiched between the wires 3a,
It is not necessary to cross 3b.

The wire 3 is fixed to the sliding end of each net as in the conventional wire shown in FIG. Further, a locking piece 13 made of a disc is fixed to an arbitrary position of the wire 3 as shown in FIG. This locking piece 13 is
The fixing members 14a and 14 attached to the support frame (see FIG. 6) at the positions where the nets are completely closed and opened.
It comes into contact with b. Each guide pulley 11a,
In the vicinity of 11b, a first pulley 15a that elastically presses the wire 3 upward by a spring or the like, and the first pulley 15a
There is provided a pair of tension adjusting pulleys 15 including a second pulley 15b that presses the wire 3 downward at a position slightly away from the tension adjusting pulley 15.

The motor 4 has a planetary gear unit 16 built in a casing 17, and its drive shaft 18 has a planetary gear unit 16.
It is connected to the output shaft 19 via the, and decelerates at a predetermined reduction ratio to output power. A mounting shaft 20 having a cylindrical shape concentric with the output shaft 19 is provided on the output side end surface of the casing 17 of the motor 4. The mounting shaft 20 is attached to the metal bearing portion 21 provided on the mount 5.
The motor 4 is rotatably attached to the pedestal 5 by being fitted to. The output shaft 19 of the motor 4 is connected to the rotary shaft 23 of the drum 1 via a reduction gear 22 so that the power of the motor 4 is transmitted to the drum 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, a projecting piece 24 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 17 of the motor 4. The coil springs 25 a, 2 attached to the mount 5 are provided on both side surfaces of the projecting piece 24 in the rotation direction of the casing 17.
The tip of 5b is in pressure contact, and restrains the rotation of the casing 17 at the time of starting and normal rotation. Further, levers 27 of limit switches 26a and 26b attached to the pedestal 5 are in pressure contact with both side surfaces of the projecting piece 24. The limit switches 26a and 26b are activated when the casing 17 rotates when the load on the motor 4 increases. The limit switches 26a, 26
Based on the casing rotation detection signal output from b,
The power supply circuit to the motor 4 is cut off and the motor 3 is stopped.

The operation of the opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net having the above structure will be described. When the motor 4 is driven in the normal direction to open the net, the drum 1 rotates in the direction of arrow a via the reduction gear 22. Both ends of the wire 3
Since they are respectively wound in the opposite directions, the wire 3 on the left side portion in FIG.
b is wound around the drum 1, and the wire 3a on the right side is unwound from the drum 1. As a result, the wire 3 stretched on the ground runs as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 to open the net.

As the winding of the wire 3b progresses in the left side portion of the drum 1, the slider 2 moves to the right in FIG. In addition, at the point S ₁ in FIG. 2, the end surface of the guide 9 of the slider 2 is the wire 3 wound around the drum 1.
The slider 2 also moves to the right by being slidably in contact with b and being pressed. Due to the movement of the slider 2, even if the inclination of the wires 3a and 3b between the guide pulleys 11a and 11b and the hooking rollers 7a and 7b changes, as indicated by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. , 7b and the swing angle θ (see FIG. 2) of the wires 3a, 3b between the drum 1 and the drum 1 are kept constant, so that the wires 3a, 3b are evenly wound at an equal pitch. Further, from the opposite viewpoint, the guide 9 is interposed between the winding portion and the rewinding portion of the wire 3b, and S _{1 in} FIG.
Wire 3a at points and S ₂ points, since in contact with the 3b, the winding pitch is uniformly aligned.

Guide pulleys 11a and 11b and hooking roller 7
The wire 3b on the winding side between a and 7b has a larger tension than the wire 3a on the rewinding side. Further, as indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1, the wires 3a and 3b are moved along with the movement of the slider 2.
Of the wires 3a, 3
The tension of b changes. Such a change in tension is compensated by the wire 3 being displaced by the pair of tension adjusting rollers 15 provided near the guide pulleys 11a and 11b, depending on the magnitude of the tension. 3b
Does not come off from the guide pulleys 11a and 11b, or the guide pulleys 11a and 11b do not easily come in.

When the wire 3 travels to open the net, and the locking piece 13 fixed to the wire 3 comes into contact with the fixing member 14a, the wire 3 is prevented from traveling any further.
The load on the motor 3 suddenly increases. As a result, the motor 4
As shown in FIG. 4, the casing 17 of the motor 4 resists the urging force of the coil spring 25a against the rotational direction a of the rotor, as shown in FIG.
It rotates in the opposite direction a '. And this casing 1
By the rotation of 7, the protruding piece 24 presses the lever 27 of the limit switch 26a, so that the limit switch 26a is turned on and the motor 4 is stopped.

Even if the net is hard to move due to snowfall or catching of foreign matter, the load on the motor 4 increases, and the motor 4 is stopped in the same manner. Conventionally,
In such a case, even if the load was large, the motor was driven until the net was completely opened, so the motor might overheat and fail. In addition, the net moved while being caught by a foreign object, and the net was torn, which necessitated repairs and replacements. However, in the present invention, as described above, the motor 4 is stopped even if there is a snowfall or a foreign substance is caught, so that such a factor can be removed before damage or damage, which is safe. .

Further, as the net is released, the load of the net concentrates on the wire and the load increases, but in this case also, the motor 4 stops at that time. Therefore, no excessive force is applied to the motor 4. The load does not increase and the motor does not overheat before the opening of the net is completed unlike in the conventional case. Therefore, this device can open and close the net within a range in which the load of the motor 4 does not increase, and is suitable for unattended automation.

Next, when the motor 4 is driven in the reverse direction to close the opened net, the drum 1 rotates in the direction of the arrow b, and accordingly, the wire 3b on the left side in FIG.
Is unwound from the drum 1, and the wire 3a on the right side is wound around the drum 1. As a result, the wire 3 stretched on the ground runs as shown by the broken line, and the net is closed. The stopping operation of the motor 4 when the net is completely closed or due to an increase in load during the closing is the same as in the case of the net opening described above.

The opening / closing device for the agricultural / horticultural net in this embodiment can be used in a large-scale agricultural / horticultural field. That is, it is sufficient to lengthen only the length of the drum 1 to increase the winding and rewinding amount of the wire. Since it is not necessary to change the diameter of the wire 3 and the diameter of the drum 1, the slider 2
Alternatively, the motor 4, the reduction gear 22 and the like can be used as they are. Therefore, if the drum 1 is lengthened in advance, it can be installed in any scale garden or garden. Although the drum 1 is rotated by using the motor 4 in the above embodiment, it is of course possible to manually rotate the drum 1 by using the handle as shown in FIG.

[0024]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4, the slider moves parallel to the drum as the wire is wound and unwound, and the slider is mounted on the slider. Since the swing angle of the wire between the hooking portion of the wire and the winding position of the drum is maintained constant, the wire is uniformly wound at a constant pitch. In addition, even if the farm or garden is large and the opening / closing amount of the net is large, the winding amount can be secured simply by lengthening the drum. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the diameter of the wire, increase the diameter of the drum, or increase the distance between the drum and the hooking part of the wire. Can also be applied.

In addition to this effect, according to the second aspect of the invention, since the guide interposed between the winding part and the rewinding part of the wire is pushed by the wire to be wound, the slider moves in parallel with the drum. , The wire is more reliably and evenly wound at an equal pitch. Further, according to the invention of claim 3, since the tension of the wire is adjusted by the pair of rollers, there is no detachment from the pulley or biting into the pulley due to slack or overtension of the wire, and the wire is safe, reliable and smooth. You can open and close the net.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4, when the load of the motor is rapidly increased, the casing of the motor is rotated, and the rotation is detected by the detecting means to stop the drum, so that the net is completely removed. Not only when the mesh is opened and closed and the wire locking piece comes into contact with the stationary fixing means, but also when the net is caught by a foreign object during the opening and closing of the net or the net becomes heavy due to snow etc. and the load on the motor increases. It's safe, as the drums stop immediately and you can eliminate those factors before they matter. Further, the net can be opened and closed within a range where the load of the motor does not increase, which is suitable for automation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net according to the present invention.

2 is a partially enlarged view of the device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged arrow view seen from the direction A in FIG.

5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the wire hooking structure in the slider shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conventional opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the drum of the device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... drum, 2 ... slider,
3, 3a, 3b ... Wire, 4 ... Motor, 7
a, 7b ... Latch roller (latch portion), 9 ... Guide, 11
a, 11b ... Guide pulley, 13 ... Locking piece, 14
a, 14b ... Fixing member, 15 ... Tension adjusting roller, 16 ... Planetary gear device, 17 ... Casing, 26a, 26b ... Limit switch (detection means).

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An opening and closing device for an agricultural and horticultural net, which opens and closes by sliding a net stretched above the ground of an agricultural and horticultural field such as a tea plantation by a wire stretched reciprocally, and can be rotated bidirectionally. And a slider having a pair of hooks and supported so as to be capable of reciprocating in parallel with a rotating shaft of the drum, and both ends of the wire are connected to each other via a pair of guide pulleys. After being guided toward the slider and further hooked at the hooking portion of the slider, the winding portions and the rewinding portion are formed by winding the drum in opposite directions to each other in opposite directions. An opening and closing device for agricultural and horticultural nets, which is fixed at the end. 2. The opening and closing of an agricultural and horticultural net according to claim 1, wherein the slider has a guide interposed between a winding portion and a rewinding portion of the wire wound around the drum. apparatus. 3. A pair of rollers for press-contacting the wire from both sides to adjust the tension of the wire in the vicinity of the pair of guide pulleys. Opening and closing device for the described agricultural and horticultural net. 4. A locking piece fixed to the wire, a stationary fixing member with which the locking piece abuts at an open position and a closed position of the net, and a motor for rotating the drum bidirectionally. And further comprising a motor whose casing is rotatably supported about a drive shaft, and a detection means for detecting movement of the casing in the rotation direction, wherein the casing movement detection signal based on the casing movement detection signal from the detection means. The opening / closing device for an agricultural / horticultural net according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein rotation of the drum is stopped.