JPH07305085A - Water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject composition having lubricating property and surface-finishing characteristics capable of withstanding high speed cutting and not causing foaming in feeding under high pressure by adding a nitrogen- containing ester and a specific extreme pressure additive to a conventional water-soluble cutting fluid. CONSTITUTION:This composition for Al and Al allay is obtained by further adding (F) a nitrogen-containing ester {e.g. an esterified material of amino alcohol of the formula [R<2> is an alkyl, an aryl, etc.; X is H or CH3; (n) is 1-3] with a 16C fatty acid} and (G) a mixture of a fatty acid calcium oxide salt (preferably olefinic acid calcium oxide salt) with fine-particle calcium carbonate (preferably having 0.1-1mum particle diameter) as an extreme pressure additive to a cutting oil composition consisting of (A) a mineral oil (preferably purified mineral oil having 4-50cst viscosity at 40 deg.C), (B) an organic amine (preferably diethanolamine), (C) a fatty acid (preferably oleic acid), (D) oil and fat (preferably castor oil) and (E) an emulsifier (preferably sodium petroleum sulfonate) and then blending these components.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition, and more particularly to a water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition for use in high-speed cutting of aluminum and aluminum alloys.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in the automobile industry, efforts have been made to reduce the weight of a vehicle body from the viewpoint of energy saving, that is, low fuel consumption. As a means for achieving this, there is a growing movement to replace conventional iron-based parts with lightweight aluminum-based parts.

However, aluminum and its alloys are more expensive than iron and their alloys, so it is necessary to reduce the price by some method. Under these circumstances, in the automobile industry, as a means for reducing the manufacturing cost of aluminum-based parts, attempts have been made to solve the above problems by applying high-speed cutting several times to several tens of times higher than ever.

In the background, the strength of aluminum and its alloys is relatively smaller than that of iron-based alloys, the resistance (power) during cutting is low, and cutting machines and cemented carbide tools, ceramic tools or boron in recent years. This is because the development of tool surface coating technology such as nitride has progressed, technology suitable for high-speed machining has been born, and the foundation for applying high-speed cutting is in place. In the above high-speed cutting, reduction of cutting resistance, extension of tool life by reduction of tool wear, and further improvement of finished surface quality of cutting surface are essential. Therefore, cutting fluid used for high-speed cutting The role is important.

High-speed cutting is, for example, 30 in milling.
Cutting speed of 00m / min, 500m for drilling holes
Processed at a cutting speed of at least 1 minute. In such high-speed cutting, it is difficult for the cutting fluid to reach the cutting point, so it is jetted at high pressure for oil supply, or the cutting fluid is pumped at high pressure through the hollow part of the spindle of the processing machine, A method is adopted in which oil is jetted from the tank and centrifugal force is used to refuel the cutting point. Further, in the drilling process, an oil supply method is employed in which a drill having an oil hole is used, a cutting oil is sprayed from the drill tip to a processing point, and chips are forcibly discharged by the pressure of the cutting oil.

Further, in such high-speed cutting, the heat generated during the processing is enormous, so that the water-insoluble cutting oil lacks the cooling property, and there is a risk of fire and the environment due to the generation of oil mist and harmful gas. The use of water-insoluble cutting oil must be avoided as it will cause problems such as deterioration. On the other hand, since the water-soluble cutting fluid contains an emulsifier as its component,
When high-pressure oil is supplied, foaming is remarkable, so that the cooling and lubricating properties, which are the functions of the cutting oil itself, are significantly impaired, and in extreme cases, cutting may not be possible.

[0007]

In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have developed a water-soluble cutting fluid which has lubricity and surface finishing characteristics to withstand high-speed cutting and does not foam during high-pressure lubrication. Furthermore, various investigations have been repeated for the purpose of developing a cutting fluid that does not generate harmful substances when waste oil is incinerated. As a result, when a mixture of a nitrogen-containing ester, a calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid and a particulate calcium carbonate was added to and mixed with a conventional water-soluble cutting oil,
It has been found that a water-soluble cutting fluid satisfying the above needs can be obtained. The present invention has been completed based on such knowledge.

That is, the present invention provides a cutting oil composition comprising a mineral oil, an organic amine, a fatty acid, an oil and fat, and an emulsifier, and further a mixture of a nitrogen oxide ester and a calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid and a particulate calcium carbonate as an extreme pressure additive. And a water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition for aluminum and aluminum alloys.

As the mineral oil to be blended in the cutting oil composition of the present invention, conventionally known mineral oil can be widely used as long as it is a refined mineral oil having a viscosity of 2 to 100 cSt (40 ° C.), for example, spindle oil, machine oil, frozen oil. Examples include machine oil and turbine oil. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a refined mineral oil having a viscosity of 4 to 50 cst (40 ° C).

As the organic amine blended in the cutting oil composition of the present invention, conventionally known ones can be widely used, for example, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine. , N-
Ethyldiethanolamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, Nn-butylethanolamine, Nn-
Butyldiethanolamine, N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, mono-sec-butanolamine, di-
Examples include cyclic amines such as alkanolamines such as sec-butanolamine, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, cyclopentylamine, dicyclopentylamine, 1,3-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (aminopropyl) cyclohexane. be able to. Among these, diethanolamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, Nn-butylethanolamine and dicyclohexylamine are particularly preferable. The amount of such organic amine compounded in the cutting oil composition of the present invention is usually about 1 to 30 w / v%, preferably 5 to 20 w / v%.
It is good to set the degree. Compounding amount of organic amine is 1w / v%
If the amount is less, the pH of the cutting oil composition is too low, which may hinder the rust prevention of the iron-based parts of the machine. On the contrary, 30 w / v
When it is more than 0.1%, the pH of the composition is too high, which may corrode aluminum, or may cause severe skin irritation, rough skin, dermatitis, etc., which is not preferable.

As the fatty acid to be added to the cutting oil composition of the present invention, conventionally known ones can be widely used, but among them, an aliphatic fatty acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or an alicyclic fatty acid can be preferably used. As such an aliphatic fatty acid,
Specific examples include lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, naphthenic acid, tall oil fatty acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid and isostearic acid. As the alicyclic fatty acid, specifically, p
Examples thereof include -tert-butylbenzoic acid. Among these, oleic acid, naphthenic acid and tall oil fatty acid are particularly preferable. The amount of such a fatty acid blended in the cutting oil composition of the present invention is usually about 0.5 to 15 w / v%, preferably about 2 to 10 w / v%. If the blending amount of fatty acid is less than 0.5 w / v%, the lubricity of the resulting cutting oil composition tends to be poor, and conversely 15 w / v%.
Even if more, the further lubricity effect is not exhibited,
A large amount of amine is required to neutralize the acid, which is not economically preferable.

As the oil and fat to be blended in the cutting oil composition of the present invention, conventionally known ones can be widely used as long as they are animal and vegetable oils and fats and synthetic esters of fatty acids obtained from animal and vegetable oils, for example, beef tallow, palm oil, pork oil. , Castor oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, babassu oil, coconut oil, olive oil,
Sunflower oil, low melting point palm oil, fish oil hydrogenation products such as sardine oil, pentaerythritol beef oil fatty acid ester,
Examples thereof include palm oil fatty acid esters of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, beef oil fatty acid methyl esters, trimethylolpropane oleate, and synthetic esters such as sorbitan monooleate. Among these, castor oil, rapeseed oil and sorbitan monooleate are particularly preferable. The amount of such fats and oils is usually about 0.5 to 15 w / v%, preferably 3 to 10 in the cutting oil composition of the present invention.
It is preferable to set it to about w / v%. The amount of oil and fat is 0.5w
If it is less than 15%, the lubricity of the resulting cutting oil composition tends to be poor. On the contrary, if it is more than 15 w / v%, the lubricating effect is not further exerted, which is economically unfavorable. .

As the emulsifier to be added to the cutting oil composition of the present invention, for example, conventionally known nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants can be widely used. Is a compound obtained by adding 3 to 17 mol of ethylene oxide to nonylphenol, sodium petroleum sulfonate, N-palmityl-N, N-dimethylbenzalkonium chloride, N-coconut alkyl-β-aminopropionic acid, coconut oil fatty alcohol ethylene oxide. Examples thereof include adducts, polyethylene glycol monooleate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, and the like. Among these, nonylphenol contains ethylene oxide of 3 to 1
Compounds with 7 moles added and sodium petroleum sulfonate are preferred. The amount of such an emulsifier is an amount that shows an optimum emulsified state for various compositions that do not include an emulsifier, and cannot be unequivocally different depending on the type and amount of various components to be mixed. It is preferably about 1 to 10 w / v%. If the compounding amount of the emulsifier is insufficient, the emulsification will be insufficient and it will not be a water-soluble cutting oil. Conversely, if it is excessively added, not only will it be economically disadvantageous, but rather the emulsified state will worsen. There is a case to do (not emulsify), so
Not preferable.

In the present invention, it is essential to add and mix a mixture of a nitrogen-containing ester and a calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid and finely divided calcium carbonate.

As the nitrogen-containing ester, any conventionally known ester can be widely used as long as it contains nitrogen. For example, amino alcohol represented by the following general formula (1), (2) or (3) and carbon. Esterification products with fatty acids of several 6 or more are mentioned.

[0016]

[Chemical 2]

In the above general formulas (2) and (3), R
^The alkyl group represented by 1 has, for example, 1 to 1 carbon atoms.
There may be mentioned a linear or branched alkyl group having about 8 carbon atoms, and among them, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and n-butyl. Is preferred. As the alkenyl group, for example, a linear or branched alkenyl group having about 2 to 18 carbon atoms can be mentioned, and among them, a linear or branched chain alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethynyl, propynyl, butenyl and the like. Alkenyl groups are preferred. A phenyl group is preferred as the aryl group. Further, the cycloalkyl group is preferably a cyclohexyl group.

Specific examples of the amino alcohol represented by the above general formula (1), (2) or (3) include triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, alkyldiethanolamine, dialkylethanolamine,
Examples include N-n-butylethanolamine, N, N-dibutylethanolamine, N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine and the like. Among these, triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine are particularly preferable.

Specific examples of the fatty acid having 6 or more carbon atoms include hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, montanic acid, palmitoolein. Acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid,
Examples thereof include linear or side chain saturated or unsaturated natural or synthetic fatty acids such as isooctanoic acid, isodecanoic acid, hydroxystearic acid, isolauric acid, isomyristic acid, isopalmitic acid, and isostearic acid. Of these, oleic acid and isostearic acid are particularly preferable.

As the nitrogen-containing ester used in the present invention, oleic acid ester of triethanolamine and isostearic acid ester of triisopropanolamine are particularly preferable.

In the present invention, the blending amount of the above nitrogen-containing ester is usually 3 to 60 w / v in the cutting oil composition of the present invention.
%, Preferably about 5 to 40 w / v%. When the amount of the nitrogen-containing ester is less than 3 w / v%, the resulting cutting oil composition tends to have poor lubricity, and conversely, when the amount is more than 60 w / v%, the lubricity does not improve, Not economically favorable.

The calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid is, for example, a calcium oxide salt of an aliphatic fatty acid or an alicyclic fatty acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably a calcium oxide salt of an aliphatic fatty acid, specifically, oleic acid oxidation. Examples thereof include calcium salt, calcium isostearate oxide salt, calcium laurate oxide salt, myristic acid calcium salt, palmitic acid calcium salt, stearic acid calcium salt, linoleic acid calcium salt, and ricinoleic acid calcium salt. Of these, oleic acid calcium oxide salt and isostearic acid calcium salt are particularly preferable.

As the particulate calcium carbonate, conventionally known ones can be widely used as long as they have a particle diameter of about 0.01 to 2 μm. The particle diameter of the particulate calcium carbonate of the present invention is preferably about 0.1 to 1 μm.

In the present invention, a mixture of the above-mentioned calcium oxide salt of fatty acid and particulate calcium carbonate is used. The mixing ratio of these is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio is usually the former: the latter = 99.9: 90: 0.1-10, preferably 99.5-92: 0.5-8. Is good.
When the compounding ratio of the particulate calcium carbonate is less than 0.1, the desired effect of the present invention is difficult to be exhibited, and conversely, when the compounding ratio is more than 10, problems such as nozzle clogging during refueling occur. Neither is preferable. Examples of the above mixture include Dailb HB manufactured by Daido Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
CC-8K etc. can be mentioned. In the present invention,
A mixture of a calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid and finely divided calcium carbonate is usually added to the composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.05 to 5 w / v%.
It is good to mix it in a ratio of about 0.1 to 3 w / v%. The amount of the above mixture is 0.05 w / v%
When the amount is less, the defoaming effect is less likely to be exhibited. On the contrary, when the amount exceeds 5 w / v%, an insoluble viscous substance is generated in the cutting oil composition and adheres to the periphery of machines and processed parts, which causes As a result, the machined parts cannot be fixed accurately, and as a result, the machining accuracy may be impaired, which is not preferable.

If desired, a conventional chlorine-based extreme pressure additive may be added to the cutting oil composition of the present invention.

The cutting oil composition of the present invention can be easily prepared by blending the above-mentioned components and by a conventionally known method. There is no particular limitation on the use of this cutting oil composition, and the cutting oil composition can be used in the same manner as a conventional cutting oil composition.

[0027]

Since the cutting oil composition of the present invention is water-soluble, it does not pose a problem of fire risk and deterioration of environment due to generation of oil mist and harmful gas. In addition, the cutting oil composition of the present invention has the characteristics of cooling property, lubricating property, surface finishing property, etc., that can withstand high-speed cutting, and is characterized in that it does not foam during high-pressure lubrication. Furthermore, the cutting oil composition of the present invention does not generate a harmful substance when waste oil is incinerated. Therefore, the cutting oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition for aluminum and aluminum alloys.

[0028]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be further clarified with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples below.

Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The cutting oil compositions were prepared by mixing the components in the formulations shown in Table 1 below. That is, each component except mineral oil was mixed at the ratio (unit: g) shown in Table 1, and finally mineral oil was added so that the total amount became 100 ml, to prepare each cutting oil composition.

[0030]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the mineral oil is specifically machine oil ISOVG10, the organic amine is specifically diethanolamine, the fatty acid is specifically tall oil fatty acid, and the nonionic surfactant is specifically. Nonylphenol ethylene oxide 5 mol adduct is used as the non-ferrous metal anticorrosive, specifically benzotriazole, and DK as the silicone antifoaming agent.
Q1-1014 (manufactured by Dow Corning) was used as a preservative, specifically, a 40% aqueous solution of sodium omazine. The nitrogen-containing ester A is oleic acid triester of triisopropanolamine, the nitrogen-containing ester B is caprylic acid ester of N-ethyldiethanolamine, and the nitrogen-containing ester C is ricinoleic acid ester of N, N-dibutylisopropanolamine. The particle size of the calcium carbonate fine particles is 0.05 to 1 μm. Further, the mixing ratio of oleic acid calcium oxide salt and calcium carbonate fine particles is as follows: former: latter = 96.6: 4.4.
(Weight ratio).

The lubricity of each cutting oil composition obtained above,
Surface finish and foamability were examined using the following test methods.

(1) Lubricity (Friction Coefficient) The friction coefficient was examined using a Bowden type adhesion slip tester [contact mode: point contact between friction rod (steel ball) and plate] as a tester. The measurement conditions are as follows.

Test friction rod; friction rod: φ6 × 18 mm,
3/16 in (4.76 mm) JISB 1501 Steel ball mounting Friction plate for contact between steel ball and test plate; Aluminum plate JIS H 4101 A1
P1 (A1050) Thickness 1.0 mm, width 15 mm, length 100 mm Friction temperature: 50 ° C. Friction sliding speed: 0.66 mm / sec Friction distance: 30 mm Load: 3000 gf Lubrication method;

(2) Surface finish (finished surface roughness) The test apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used. The cutting conditions are as follows.

Test machine; OKK-RAMO lathe chip; G-10E, SNPR432M holder; SBNR2020W work material; A1050 (JIS H 4101 A1P)
1), maximum diameter 200 mm Spindle speed; maximum 4000 rpm Cutting feed (horizontal feed); 0.1 mm / rev Cutting oil supply amount; 0.5 liter / min Maximum roughness (Rmax) of the cutting surface was measured and the value The smaller the value, the better the cutting property. Since the test method is the transverse feed cutting of the end face of the aluminum disk and the spindle speed is constant, the cutting speed decreases from the outermost circumference toward the center. Therefore, 250 to 500 m / min (spindle speed: 80
0 rpm) and 1000 to 2000 m / min (spindle speed:
Cutting was performed under two conditions (3200 rpm), and the maximum roughness within each cutting speed range was obtained and evaluated.

(3) Foamability (circulation foaming test) The test apparatus shown in FIG. 2 was used. The test conditions are as follows.

Liquid volume: 16 liters Flow rate: 80 liters / minute Temperature: Room temperature Nozzle caliber: 16.5 mmφ Nozzle-liquid level: 40 cm Test solution concentration: 5% (diluted tap water) tank: 40 × 50 × 32 cm tank Put 16 liters of test liquid and circulate the liquid with a pump. The height of bubbles generated on the liquid surface is visually read, and the lower the height (cm), the less the foamability.

The lubricating properties, finished surface roughness and foaming properties of the cutting oil compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were examined by the above-mentioned test methods, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0040]

[Table 2]

The following can be seen from Table 2. That is, Comparative Example 1
Also, from Comparative Example 3, lubricity (friction coefficient) and high-speed cutting were observed when chlorinated paraffin was added as a conventional extreme pressure additive and when a mixture of calcium oleate calcium oxide and calcium carbonate fine particles was added. There is no difference in the maximum finished surface roughness, and therefore, it is understood that the mixture of the oleic acid calcium oxide salt and the calcium carbonate fine particles of the present invention can be an excellent extreme pressure additive. Moreover, Example 1
The cutting oil composition of No. 6 is a mixture of a nitrogen-containing ester, calcium oleate calcium oxide salt and calcium carbonate fine particles, and is excellent in lubricity, surface finish and defoaming property. I understand. Further, by adding a mixture of oleic acid calcium oxide salt and calcium carbonate fine particles, no antifoaming agent was added (Comparative Example 2), or a silicone antifoaming agent alone was added (Comparative Example 1). It is also found that the defoaming property and the defoaming maintaining property are excellent.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus used for a surface finish test.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus used for a foamability test.

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C10M 129: 26 133: 08) C10N 30:00 A 30:06 40:22 (72) Inventor Hitoshi Shiotani Osaka Prefecture 1-22-1400 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka City Daido Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Hasegawa 2 Takara-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cutting oil composition comprising a mineral oil, an organic amine, a fatty acid, an oil and fat, and an emulsifier, further comprising a nitrogen-containing ester and a mixture of a calcium oxide salt of a fatty acid and particulate calcium carbonate as an extreme pressure additive. A water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition for aluminum and aluminum alloys, which is characterized by: 2. A nitrogen-containing ester is represented by the following general formula (1):
The water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition according to claim 1, which is at least one kind of esterified products of amino alcohols represented by (2) and (3) and fatty acids having 6 or more carbon atoms. [Chemical 1] 3. A mixture component ratio of calcium oxide salt of fatty acid and finely divided calcium carbonate is 99.9 to 90: 0.1.
The water-soluble high-speed cutting oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, which is 10 to 10.