JPH07174025A - Four-cycle internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the combustion efficiency by drilling a piston valve port for the communication between a combustion chamber and a crank chamber on the top plane of a piston, drilling a crank chamber valve port for seal on the peripheral wall of the crank chamber, and carrying out the opening/closing control in a specific timing. CONSTITUTION:In an intake cycle where a piston 2 lowers, a piston valve port 7 is opened by the inertial of a piston valve 9, while, a crank chamber valve port 15 is closed by a crank chamber valve 16 by increasing the internal pressure of a crank chamber 3, and air is allowed to flow into a combustion chamber 8 under low pressure from the crank chamber 3 under high pressure. While, in a compression stroke where the piston 2 rises, the piston valve port 7 is closed, and the crank chamber valve 16 is opened, and outside air is introduced into the crank chamber 3 from the crank chamber valve port 15. Further, in an explosion stroke where the piston 2 lowers, the piston valve port 7 and the crank chamber valve port 15 are closed. In an exhaust stroke where the piston 2 rises, the piston valve port 7 is closed, and outside air is introduced into the crank chamber 3 from the crank chamber valve port 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a four-cycle internal combustion engine that achieves complete combustion as much as possible.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various proposals have been made in order to achieve complete combustion as much as possible in a 4-cycle gasoline engine, for example.

For example, in the case of an automobile, when the speed of the automobile increases and a large amount of fuel is consumed, a large amount of air (oxygen) is naturally required for complete combustion.

Therefore, a means for increasing the intake amount of air into the combustion chamber by increasing the intake valves and the exhaust valves is generally adopted.

[0005]

However, in the case of the means for increasing the intake valve and the exhaust valve, the operation of the intake valve and the exhaust valve is performed by the cam, and therefore the cam curve is determined in order to obtain proper valve timing. Therefore, there is a problem that designing and manufacturing the cam based on the cam curve (valve timing diagram) is very troublesome, and the number of valves is increased, which increases the manufacturing cost.

The present invention provides a four-cycle internal combustion engine which solves all of the above problems, and which has an unprecedented breakthrough and can realize complete combustion as much as possible with an extremely simple structure. Is a technical issue.

[0007]

The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A cylinder 1, a piston 2, a crank chamber 3,
In a four-cycle internal combustion engine including an intake valve 4, an exhaust valve 5, and an ignition part 6, a piston valve opening 7 that is opened and closed by a piston valve 9 is provided on the top surface of the piston 2, and combustion occurs when the piston valve opening 7 opens. The chamber 8 and the crank chamber 3 are provided so that they can be ventilated, and a crank chamber valve opening 15 that is opened and closed by a crank chamber valve 16 is formed in the peripheral wall of the crank chamber 3 so that when the crank chamber valve 16 is closed, the crank chamber is closed. 3 is provided so as to be in an airtight state, and the piston valve 9 is set at the timing of opening the piston valve opening 7 in the intake stroke and closing the piston valve opening 7 in the compression stroke, the explosion stroke, and the exhaust stroke. The crank chamber valve 16 is set at a timing to close the crank chamber valve opening 15 in the intake stroke and the explosion stroke and to open the crank chamber valve opening 15 in the compression stroke and the exhaust stroke. The present invention relates to a cycle internal combustion engine.

[0009]

[Operation] In the intake stroke, the piston valve opening 7 opens,
Since the crank chamber valve port 15 is closed, the air in the crank chamber 3 is introduced into the combustion chamber 8, and therefore the excess air is introduced into the combustion chamber 8 by the amount introduced from the piston valve port 7. become.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The drawings show the case where the present invention is applied to a 4-cycle gasoline engine. FIGS. 1 and 2 are the first embodiment, FIG. 3 is the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is the third embodiment. An example, FIG. 5 is a fourth embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a fifth embodiment.

The first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 illustrates the intake stroke and the second stroke
The figure illustrates the exhaust stroke.

In the first embodiment, a tapered piston valve port 7 is bored in the top surface of the piston 2, a piston valve 9 of the same shape is fitted in the piston valve port 7, and a piston valve 9 is attached. The lower end of the supporting rod 10 with the plate 13 is supported by the receiving portion 11 formed on the back side of the top surface of the piston 2, the anti-shrinkage bar 12 is fitted on the supporting rod 10, and the anti-shrinking bar 12 is received by the receiving plate 13. The structure is supported by the back side of the top surface of the piston 2.

A crank chamber valve port 15 is formed in the side wall of the crank chamber 3, and the crank chamber valve port 15 is opened and closed by a crank chamber valve 16.

In the figure, reference numeral 14 is a vent hole, reference numeral 17 is a crank shaft, reference numeral 18 is a ring member, reference numeral 19 is a connecting rod, reference numeral 20 is a cam, and reference numeral 21 is a crank weight.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the intake stroke in which the piston 2 descends.

The inertia of the piston valve 9 opens the piston valve port 7. Then, as the piston 2 descends, the crank chamber 3
The crank chamber valve port 15 is closed by the crank chamber valve 16 because the internal pressure of the crank chamber is increased, and air flows from the high pressure crank chamber 3 to the low pressure combustion chamber 8 from the crank chamber 3. Of course, intake valve 4
Since the air-fuel mixture is also introduced into the combustion chamber 8, the air is additionally introduced into the combustion chamber 8 by the amount introduced from the piston valve port 7. In the compression stroke where the piston 2 rises.

The inertia of the piston valve 9 closes the piston valve port 7. Then, as the piston 2 rises, the crank chamber 3
Since the inside pressure is reduced, the crank chamber valve 16 is opened, and the outside air is introduced into the crank chamber 3 through the crank chamber valve port 15.

In the explosion stroke in which the piston 2 descends.

Although the piston valve opening 7 tries to open due to the inertia of the piston valve 9, the piston valve 9 is pressed downward due to the explosion in the combustion chamber 8, so the piston valve opening 7 is closed. In this stroke as well, the crank chamber valve port 15 is closed by the crank chamber valve 16 for the same reason as in the intake stroke.

In the exhaust stroke in which the piston 2 rises.

The inertia of the piston valve 9 closes the piston valve port 7. Then, as the piston 2 rises, the crank chamber 3
Since the inside is depressurized, the crank chamber valve 16 opens and the outside air is introduced into the crank chamber 3 through the crank chamber valve port 15.

Therefore, the first embodiment is a four-cycle engine in which a state close to complete combustion is obtained as much as possible because excess air is introduced from the piston valve port 7 in the explosion stroke.

The above is considered in the graph of FIG.

The ideal output of the engine according to the first embodiment (1
00%: In order to maintain (a line in FIG. 6), the higher the rotational speed of the crankshaft 17, the higher the fuel consumption and air consumption must be.

However, in reality, as indicated by the line B in FIG. 6, the ideal output is generally not achieved because the intake amount from the intake valve 4 gradually deviates from the ideal state as the rotation speed increases. is there.

As described above, the reason why the intake air amount decreases with the increase in the number of revolutions is that the increase in the consumed air amount is due to the opening and closing of the intake valve 4 by the cam mechanism. 4, opening and closing time is shortened,
Therefore, the intake air intake amount decreases.

Therefore, a means for increasing the amount of air consumption by increasing the number of intake valves 4 has been widely used.

In the first embodiment, the shortage of the consumed air amount is replenished from the piston valve opening 7 of the piston 2 to realize a state close to complete combustion.

As a result of the experiment, according to the first embodiment, it was confirmed that the line B in FIG. 6 substantially coincides with the line A.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the intake valve 4
It is possible to achieve a state close to complete combustion by a very simple means without the need to increase etc., and a state close to complete combustion can be realized, resulting in a reduction in the amount of CO in exhaust gas and prevention of pollution. A useful engine will be provided.

In the case of the first embodiment,
The tension of 12, the mass of the piston valve 9 and the like are set appropriately. That is, when the crankshaft 17 is rotating at a high speed, the amount of air consumed becomes large. Therefore, in consideration of this point, the tension of the anti-shrinkage spring 12, the mass of the piston valve 9 and the like are appropriately set.

Of course, the engine according to the first embodiment can also be adopted as a diesel engine.

In the second embodiment of FIG. 3, when the shape of the anti-shrinkage strip 12 is changed, in the third embodiment of FIG. 4, the number of piston valves 9 is increased to three, and the crankshaft 17 rotates at a low speed. (10
0 rpm), medium speed rotation (1500 rpm), high speed rotation (2
If it is provided so that the numerical aperture of the piston valve port 7 increases as the number of piston valves increases as
The fourth embodiment of the drawing shows a case where the shapes of the piston valve port 7 and the piston valve 9 are changed, and the remaining structure and action are similar to those of the first embodiment.

In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the crank chamber 3 is provided with a discharge port 22 for discharging the air in the crank chamber 3 in addition to the crank chamber valve port 15, and further in the vicinity of the exhaust hole 23. Introduction hole
The cam 20 is provided so that its opening portion faces the direction opposite to the exhaust hole 23, connects the outlet port 22 and the introduction hole 24 through the control unit 25, and operates the control unit 25 and the exhaust valve 5. The air pressure in the crank chamber 3 is increased in the explosion stroke to supply the air in the crank chamber 3 to the vicinity of the exhaust hole 23 during the exhaust stroke.

Therefore, in this embodiment, since the air is supplied to the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas consumes the air, and it becomes possible to expose the clean exhaust gas.

The rest is the same as in the first embodiment.

[0039]

As described above, the present invention provides a 4-cycle internal combustion engine with extremely high combustion efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory sectional view of a main part of another example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder 2 Piston 3 Crank chamber 4 Intake valve 5 Exhaust valve 6 Ignition part 7 Piston valve port 8 Combustion chamber 9 Piston valve 15 Crank chamber valve port 16 Crank chamber valve

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A four-cycle internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a crank chamber, an intake valve, an exhaust valve and an ignition part, wherein a piston valve opening for opening and closing by a piston valve is formed on the top surface of the piston, and the piston valve opening is provided. Is provided so that the combustion chamber and crank chamber can be vented when opened.
A crank chamber valve opening that opens and closes by a crank chamber valve is formed in the peripheral wall of the crank chamber, and the crank chamber is airtight when the crank chamber valve is closed.The piston valve and the piston valve port in the intake stroke are provided. Open, compression stroke, explosion stroke,
Set the timing to close the piston valve opening in the exhaust stroke, while closing the crank chamber valve in the intake stroke and the explosion stroke and open the crank chamber valve opening in the compression stroke and exhaust stroke. A four-cycle internal combustion engine, characterized in that the timing is set to.