JPH0551241B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention is used for transplant cultivation of agricultural products, and uses a transplanter or a seedling processing device that uses a seedling container such as a paper tube seedling container that is connected in an orderly manner so that the seedlings can be separated into individual seedlings. The present invention relates to a separation device.

[Conventional technology]

A separation device that automatically separates individual seedlings from a group of aligned seedlings, such as paper tube seedlings, has been attempted by inserting a needle into a container for raising seedlings and separating them, but this has not yet been completed. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-50962 proposes a separating device using a plurality of rotating rolls that press the aligned seedlings against the moving front surface of the seedlings to be separated.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional technique using a needle body, the paper forming the paper tube seedling growing container rots during the seedling growing period and its strength decreases, which causes the paper of the seedling growing container to tear during the separation process, causing separation errors. The seedlings that were left behind became an obstacle to the next separation, resulting in a series of separation errors. In addition, with the above-mentioned method using multiple rolls, the connection strength of the paper cylinder seedling-raising container after raising seedlings is not constant depending on the progress of rot and the amount of moisture, so it is difficult to separate the next seedlings from the one to be separated. Because there is no means to hold them down, two seedlings may be separated at a time while remaining connected. Furthermore, since the separated seedlings are simply knocked over, the heights and directions of the seedlings are scattered, requiring manpower to arrange the seedlings, and this device cannot be used in a transplanter because it is inefficient. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a high-performance and highly efficient transplanter or seedling processing device using a separation device that reliably separates individual seedlings and delivers them as a lined row of seedlings even after separation. The aim is to dramatically expand transplant cultivation.

[Means to solve the problem]

The separating device of the present invention is a device for separating the aligned seedlings into individual seedlings by moving the aligned seedlings arranged in a plurality of rows, which are joined and connected to each other so as to be separable into individual seedlings, and bringing them into contact with a rotating body to separate the aligned seedlings into individual seedlings. A rotating body is provided which contacts the side surface of the seedlings to be separated in the moving direction and rotates normally in the moving direction, and the outer circumferential speed of the rotating body is made faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings, so that the separated seedlings are The seedlings are sandwiched between the next row of seedlings following the seedlings and the rotating body and separated while being rolled. Further, in the above device, a first rotating body that contacts a side surface of the aligned seedlings in the direction of movement of the seedlings to be separated and rotates normally in the direction of movement; A second rotating body rotating in the opposite direction to the rotating body is provided, and the outer circumferential speed of the first rotating body is made faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings, and the separated seedlings are separated from the next one following the seedlings. Seedlings in a row are held between the first rotating body and separated while being rolled, and the separated seedlings are held between the first rotating body and the second rotating body and fed out. be.

[Effect]

As described above, in the present invention, a rotating body is provided that contacts the side surface of the lined seedlings in the moving direction of the separated seedlings and rotates normally in the moving direction, and the outer circumferential speed of the rotating body is set to be faster than the moving speed of the lined seedlings. However, since the seedlings to be separated are sandwiched between the seedlings in the next row following the seedlings and the rotating body and separated while being rolled, each seedling can be separated without causing breakage or other separation mistakes. They can be reliably separated as seedlings. Furthermore, by configuring the first and second rotating bodies as described above, the seedlings separated by the first rotating body can be fed out while being sandwiched between the first and second rotating bodies. Furthermore, even if the seedlings are not separated by the first rotating body, they will be reliably separated by coming into contact with the second rotating body that rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the seedlings.

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A seedling growing container 42 made of a paper cylinder is shown as a seedling growing container 42 connected to individual seedlings 41 in an orderly manner so that they can be separated. This paper tube seedling raising container 42 is made up of paper tubes that are open at the top and bottom in the shape of a hexagonal column when unfolded, and are neatly glued together with water-soluble glue.When the paper tubes are filled with soil and seeds are sown to raise seedlings, the seedlings grow and line up. The seedlings have grown into seedlings 40, and the water-soluble glue is gradually dissolved by watering, and the paper tubes are gradually bonded to each other as the rot progresses, so that appropriate connection strength is maintained at the time of transplantation. However, when seedlings 40 are arranged using paper tubes, the paper rots during the seedling-raising period, and the strength of the paper tube decreases, making it easy to tear, or the paper tubes become too tightly connected to each other, making it difficult to separate them. It may happen. Next, a separation device for separating the aligned seedlings 40 into individual seedlings 41 will be described. In FIG. 1, 1 is a sponge roller as a first rotating body, and 2 is a sponge roller as a second rotating body. The rollers 1 and 2 are fitted above and below rotating shafts 3 and 4 provided in a vertical direction, and the shafts 3 and 4 are provided so that the closest parts of the rollers 1 and 2 are spaced narrower than the diameter of the seedling 41. , the separated seedlings 41 are held between rollers 1 and 2 so that they can be fed out. Further, the roller 1 as the first rotating body is in contact with the moving side surface of the seedlings 41a from which the aligned seedlings 40 are separated,
Seedling 4 from which roller 2 as a second rotating body is separated
The distance between the shafts 3 and 4 of the rollers 1 and 2 and the diameter of the rollers 1 and 2 are such that the seedlings 40 are arranged so that the seedlings 40 are almost in contact with the sides of the seedling row 41c that follows the seedlings 41a that are separated in front of the movement of the seedlings 1a. It must be determined appropriately depending on the size of the 41. In this embodiment, the diameter of the seedling 41 is about 2 cm, and the diameter of the rollers 1 and 2 is about twice that.
The distance between axes 3 and 4 was approximately 2.5 times that distance. Moreover, spur gears (not shown) having the same number of teeth are fitted into the shafts 3 and 4 of the rollers 1 and 2 and mesh with each other, so that the rollers 1 and 2 rotate at the same circumferential speed in opposite directions. Shafts 9 and 10 are provided parallel to the shafts 3 and 4 at the same spacing as the shafts 3 and 4, and pulleys 11 and 12 are fitted into the shafts 9 and 10, respectively.
A pair of belts 5 and 7 are provided, which are stretched between the belt 12 and a pulley (not shown) provided between the pulleys 1 and 2 above and below the shafts 3 and 4. Sponge bodies 6 and 8 are attached to the surfaces of the pair of belts 5 and 7, and the distance between the facing surfaces of the sponge bodies 6 and 8 is narrower than the diameter of the seedling 41. , 7, the separated seedlings 41 are held between the sponge bodies 6 and 8 so that they can be drawn out. The pair of belts 5 and 7 are rotated by pulleys 11 and 12, and spur gears (not shown) having the same number of teeth are fitted into the shafts 9 and 10 and mesh with each other. The rollers rotate in opposite directions at the same circumferential speed, and the circumferential speed is about 50% faster than the outer circumferential speed of the rollers 1 and 2. Further, the shafts 3 and 9 are integrated, the shafts 4 and 10 are integrated, and the distances between the shafts 3 and 4 and the distances between the shafts 9 and 10 do not change, and the rollers 1 and belt 5 are connected to the rollers. The pair of belts 5 and 7 alternately move in and out by a predetermined distance slightly smaller than the length of one row pitch of the seedling rows of the seedlings 40 arranged vertically, which is the conveyance direction of the seedlings 41 of the pair of belts 5 and 7. Seedling regulating bodies 13 and 14 are provided on the left and right sides of the front ends of the rollers 1 and 2 to regulate the vertical position of the aligned seedlings 40 at approximately the same height as the pair of belts 5 and 7, and are arranged to prevent the rollers 1 and 2 from entering and exiting. Correspondingly, make sure to enter and exit at the same time. In front of the rollers 1 and 2, a pair of belts 5,
A lateral movement mechanism 20 is provided that reciprocates in the lateral direction perpendicular to the direction in which the seedlings 41 of No. 7 are transported. and,
The aligned seedlings 40 are placed on the lateral movement mechanism 20, and the seedlings 41a to be separated into separation sections are fed from the lateral direction. The lateral movement mechanism 20 is provided with a lateral movement mechanism frame 21 that is substantially rectangular in plan view, and on the left and right upper sides of the lateral movement mechanism frame 21, a pair of vertically long seedling guide bodies 22 are arranged at intervals slightly wider than the width of the lined seedlings 40. , and the lateral movement mechanism frame 2
Two shafts 23 and 24 are provided below 1 and are long and at the same height in the direction of movement of the lateral movement mechanism 20, and these shafts 23 and 24 are fitted into the lateral movement mechanism frame 21 and moved along it. . In addition, although not shown, a cylindrical cam is carved into the shaft 23, which is formed by an endless intersecting forward groove and backward groove, which is known in rice transplanters, etc., and engages with a projection (not shown) provided on the lateral movement mechanism frame 21. As the shaft 23 rotates, the lateral movement mechanism frame 21 moves back and forth continuously in the lateral direction, and the movement speed is slower than the outer circumferential speed of the rollers 1 and 2. It is approximately 1/3 of that. The lateral movement mechanism frame 21 of the lateral movement mechanism 20 is provided with a vertical movement mechanism 30 that moves in the vertical direction of the conveyance direction of the seedlings 41 of the pair of belts 5 and 7. Then, the aligned seedlings 40 are placed on the vertical movement mechanism 30 and the horizontal movement mechanism 2
It is made to move intermittently in the vertical direction at the moving end of 0. In the vertical movement mechanism 30, a pulley 32 is provided in the horizontal movement mechanism frame 21, long in the movement direction of the horizontal movement mechanism 20, and at the same height on the side farther from the rollers 1 and 2, and a pulley 32 on the side closer to the rollers 1 and 2. Two pulleys 32 and 33 are provided. A belt 31 having a width slightly narrower than the width of the lateral movement mechanism frame 21 is stretched between the two pulleys 32 and 33. The rotation of the shaft 24 is transmitted to the pulley 32 even if the lateral movement mechanism frame 21 moves in the lateral direction, and at the moving end of the lateral movement mechanism 20, the roller 1 is moved by one row of the aligned seedlings 40. . Next, the operation will be explained. The lateral movement mechanism 20 of the seedling separation device has a predetermined moving end, and the aligned seedlings 40 are placed on a belt 31 serving as a vertical movement mechanism 30 on the lateral movement mechanism 20, and the front end of the aligned seedlings 40 is set at a predetermined moving end. The seedling regulating body 13 is fed to a position on the side of the roller 1 serving as a rotating body. At this time, the front end of the roller 1 as a first rotating body is in contact with the front end of the foremost row of sorted seedlings 40, and the front end of the roller 2 as a second rotating body is in contact with the front end of the second row of sorted seedlings 40. Almost the same position. When the shafts 3, 4, 9, 10, and 23 are rotated by appropriate means, the rollers 1, 2 and the pair of belts 5, 7 are rotated, and the lateral movement mechanism frame 21 is moved in the lateral direction. As a result, the frontmost row of the aligned seedlings 40 as a moving side surface sequentially comes into contact with the front end of the roller 1 as one rotating body. At this time, the rotational direction of the roller 1 as the first rotating body is forward rotation and the same as the moving direction of the aligned seedlings 40, and its outer circumferential speed is faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings 40, so that no separation occurs. The seedlings 41a are sandwiched between the following seedling row 41c and the roller 1 and rolled, and are moved at a speed faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings 40 while rolling, so that the seedlings next to the seedlings to be separated are separated one after another. 41b and the following seedling row 41c are peeled off and separated easily. Also, since the seedlings 41a to be separated are rolled in the opposite direction to the rotating direction of the roller 1, the seedlings 41b next to the seedlings to be separated are first peeled off from one end of the connecting part, and the seedlings next to the seedlings to be separated are separated. Since the seedling 41b is connected to the next seedling or the succeeding seedling row 41c, the seedling 41b following the seedling to be separated is not pulled out while being connected to the seedling 41a to be separated. Seedlings 4 separated and fed out by roller 1
1 comes into contact with a roller 2 as a second rotating body provided in front of the movement of the seedling 41a to be subsequently separated,
Since the roller 2 is rotating in the opposite direction to the roller 1, it is held between the rollers 1 and 2, and is drawn out and further away from the aligned seedlings 40. Furthermore, even in the event that the seedlings 41a that are not separated by the roller 1 are separated, the seedlings 41a are rolled by the roller 2 in the opposite direction to the roller 1 and separated. Then, the seedling 41 that has been picked up by the rollers 1 and 2 is immediately picked up by the sponge bodies 6 and 8 of the pair of belts 5 and 7 and sent out further. Therefore, even if there is entangled leaves or entangled roots between the separated seedlings 41 and the aligned seedlings 40, the separated seedlings 41 and the aligned seedlings 40 are fed out far enough to separate them while maintaining the separated posture, ensuring separation. . When the separation of the front row of the lined seedlings 40 is completed and the horizontal movement mechanism 20 reaches the moving end, the lined seedlings 40 are moved in the vertical direction by one row of seedlings by the vertical movement mechanism 30, as shown in FIG. At the same time, roller 1 and belt 5 and roller 2 and belt 7 move in and out, and at the same time, roller 1 and belt 5 and roller 2 and belt 7 move in and out, playing the roles of the first rotating body and the second rotating body. After switching, the roller 2 becomes the first rotating body and the roller 1 becomes the second rotating body, and the lateral movement mechanism 20 moves the aligned seedlings 40 laterally in the opposite direction to start separating the next row. Ru. In the above embodiment, the seedling growing container 42 made of a paper tube was used as the aligned seedlings 40, but even if the seedling growing medium itself is made of inorganic fibers or polymeric compounds forming the seedling growing container, the seedlings 41 may be separated into individual seedlings. It is sufficient if they are connected as orderly as possible. In addition, although sponge rollers 1 and 2 are used as the first and second rotating bodies,
One side or both sides may be shaped like a belt. If both sides are shaped like a belt, only the first rotating body and the second rotating body are used to prevent leaves from getting entangled between the separated seedlings 41 and the aligned seedlings 40. Even if there is a root tangle, it can be pushed far enough to separate it. Moreover, although a sponge body is shown to illustrate paper tube seedlings, a rigid roller made of synthetic resin or the like with many protrusions or an elastic body such as rubber may also be used. In addition, although an example was shown in which the second rotating body rotates in the opposite direction at the same circumferential speed as the first rotating body, it is sufficient that the second rotating body rotates in the opposite direction to the first rotating body. , may be rotated at different circumferential speeds. Furthermore, although an example has been shown in which the first rotating body and the second rotating body are moved in and out at the moving end of the lateral movement mechanism 20 to switch their roles and are continuously separated, a separating device dedicated to each reciprocation is provided. Alternatively, a plurality of aligned seedlings 40 may be prepared, and the seedlings may be replaced one after another to be continuously separated. Further, although an example has been shown in which the aligned seedlings 40 are moved from a vertical state to a horizontal direction and separated, the aligned seedlings 40 may be in an inclined state or an inverted state, and the direction of movement is not limited to the horizontal direction. Further, the seedlings 41 that have been fed out between the first rotating body 1 and the second rotating body 2 are transferred to a pair of belts 5 and 7.
Although an example has been shown in which the seedlings 41 are fed out while being held between the first rotating body 1 and the second rotating body 2, the seedlings 41 may be allowed to fall directly into a gutter etc.
It may also be conveyed by placing it upside down and then placing it on a belt.

【Effect of the invention】

According to the present invention, since the seedlings to be separated are sandwiched between the rotating body and the following row of seedlings and rolled to separate them, the seedlings to be separated roll and move faster than the aligned seedlings. It is moved at high speed, and the connecting parts are sequentially peeled off and separated easily. In addition, a second rotating body that rotates in the opposite direction to the first rotating body is provided in front of the movement of the seedlings to be separated from the first rotating body, and the first rotating body and the second rotating body are provided. Since the separated seedlings are held between the bodies and fed out, the peeled seedlings are forcibly separated from the lined seedlings by a certain distance, so even if the leaves or roots are entangled, the lined seedlings can be reliably removed. They are separated while maintaining their posture. Furthermore, even if the seedlings are not separated by the first rotating body, they are separated by the second rotating body, so that more reliable separation can be achieved. Further, according to the present invention, the first rotary body and the second rotary body are sponge rollers, and the separated seedlings are held between a pair of belts stretched from the shafts of these rollers and fed out. Because I did it,
The initial separation is performed using a sponge roller, and even seedlings that are difficult to separate, such as paper tube seedlings, can be separated without applying excessive force to the seedlings. Because this is done by a belt, the seedlings that are separated from the aligned seedlings can be forcibly separated by a considerable distance, so even if leaves or roots are entangled, they can be separated reliably. It is also possible to provide a circumferential speed difference between the two.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are plan views showing one embodiment of the apparatus for separating aligned seedlings of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view with a portion of the same partially cut away. 1...Roller as a first rotating body, 2...
A roller as a second rotating body, 3, 4... shaft,
5, 7...belt, 20...lateral movement mechanism, 30...
... Vertical movement mechanism, 40 ... Aligned seedlings, 41 ... Seedlings, 4
1a... Seedlings to be separated, 41c... Successive seedling row, 42... Seedling raising container.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Separably connected to each other into individual seedlings,
In a device that moves aligned seedlings arranged in a plurality of rows and makes them come into contact with a rotating body to separate them into individual seedlings, the device makes contact with the side surface of the sorted seedlings in the direction of movement of the seedlings to be separated, and rotates normally in the direction of movement. A rotating body is provided, and the outer peripheral speed of the rotating body is set higher than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings, and the separated seedlings are sandwiched between the seedlings in the next row following the seedlings and the rotating body and rotated. A device for separating organized seedlings, which is characterized by separating the seedlings while moving them. 2 Separably connected to each other into individual seedlings,
In a device that moves aligned seedlings arranged in a plurality of rows and makes them come into contact with a rotating body to separate them into individual seedlings, the device makes contact with the side surface of the sorted seedlings in the direction of movement of the seedlings to be separated, and rotates normally in the direction of movement. a first rotating body that
A second rotating body is provided that is located in front of the moving direction of the seedlings to be separated and rotates in the opposite direction to the first rotating body, and the outer circumferential speed of the first rotating body is set to be faster than the moving speed of the aligned seedlings. Then, the seedlings to be separated are sandwiched between the seedlings in the next row following the seedlings and the first rotating body and separated while being rolled, and the separated seedlings are separated between the first rotating body and the second rotating body. A separating device for sorted seedlings, characterized in that the device is arranged to feed seedlings by sandwiching them between two rotary bodies. 3. The device for separating seedlings according to claim 2, wherein the first rotating body and the second rotating body are formed of sponge rollers.