JPH05313759A - Temperature controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evaluate all circumstances by the high-precision and stable control in the thermal manikin controller which simulates the bodily temperature control function of a human body to quantitatively evaluate thermal circumstances. CONSTITUTION:The target temperature inputted by a target temperature input part 1 and the heater temperature detected by a temperature detector 2 are outputted to a current value calculating means 3 and a control constant determining means 4. The control constant determining means 4 determines application of time constant '5' in the case of the temperature difference between the target temperature and the heater temperature within a certain range but determines application of control constant '6' in the case of the temperature difference being outside the certain range. The current value calculating means 3 calculates the extent of the change of a thrown-in current value in accordance with the control constant determined by the control constant determining means 4, the difference between the target temperature and the heater temperature, and the time variation of the temperature and calculates the thrown-in current quantity and outputs it to a heater control part 7. The heater control part 7 controls the current of a heater 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to temperature control of a heating device,
In particular, the present invention relates to temperature control of a thermal mannequin that simulates the human body temperature regulation function and quantitatively evaluates the thermal environment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Humans release the amount of heat they produce in the body to the outside environment to maintain thermal equilibrium and maintain the core body temperature at about 37 ° C. Body temperature is determined by the amount of heat produced in the body and the amount of heat released by the human body to the environment. When the environment temperature decreases, the heat radiation from the body increases, so the body temperature control function works in order not to lower the body temperature. This body temperature regulation function generally increases the amount of heat produced or reduces the amount of heat released by vibrating, antiperspiring, standing hair, contracting blood vessels, etc. to maintain the balance between the amount of heat produced and the amount of heat released. Also, when the environmental temperature rises, the heat radiation from the body decreases, so the body temperature regulation function such as perspiration works to prevent the body temperature from rising, and the heat radiation amount is increased to keep the heat production amount and the heat radiation amount in balance. The thermal manikin is a model in which a human thermal function is simulated by incorporating a heater inside the mannequin and controlling the amount of current supplied to the heater. As with the human body, the target temperature of the thermal manikin is controlled to be constant, so when the environmental temperature decreases, the amount of heat released from the thermal mannequin increases and the temperature near the heater (hereinafter the temperature near the heater is simply the heater temperature) decreases. Therefore, the amount of current applied to the heater is increased to keep the heater temperature constant. In this way, the thermal mannequin simulates the human body temperature regulation function by controlling the amount of current applied to the heater and keeping the heater temperature constant. Examples of the method of using the thermal mannequin include evaluation of thermal comfort of clothes and evaluation of comfort in a thermal environment. In the evaluation of the thermal environment, the human thermal sensation can be quantitatively estimated from the skin temperature of the thermal manikin and the amount of applied current, such as that it is hot when the applied current amount is small and cold when the applied current amount is large. Therefore, it is important to strictly simulate the human thermal function, and it is necessary to quickly attain the target temperature and simultaneously perform stable control after the heater reaches the target temperature.

The operation of the prior art will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. For example, a control to which the fuzzy theory is applied will be described as an example. First, when the operator turns on the thermal mannequin control device in S1 and sets the target temperature in S2, waits for the temperature measurement timing in S3,
The heater temperature is detected in S4, and the difference dt between the target temperature and the heater temperature is calculated in S5. Then, in S6, the time change amount St is calculated from the difference between the previous temperature difference dts and the current temperature difference dt. Next, in S7, the change amount of the applied current amount is calculated from the temperature difference dt and the time change amount St by fuzzy inference. From this calculation result, the amount of applied current is calculated in S8, and the current control is performed with the amount of current calculated in S9. Then, in S10, the temperature difference dt is written in the memory as the previous temperature difference dts, and the measurement timing is waited again in S3. In this way, by controlling the amount of current applied to the thermal manikin from the deviation from the target temperature and its variation,
The heater temperature of the thermal manikin is controlled to be equal to the target temperature.

Next, FIG. 12 shows an image diagram of a fuzzy rule. The rules are designed to stabilize at the target temperature, such as increasing the current amount when the heater temperature is low and the temperature change is small, and decreasing the current amount when the heater temperature is high and the temperature is increasing. There is. The difference between the heater temperature detected by the temperature detector and the target temperature of the thermal manikin is fuzzy in its deviation and its change with time. The fuzzy rule diagram is used to infer the amount of change in the applied current amount from the fuzzy membership function. The membership function usually represents a goodness of fit and is a numerical value of 1 to 0. As shown in the figure,
When the deviation is 0 [deg], the membership function is "
None (probability is 1). At this time, when the time change of the deviation is "decrease", the change amount of the making current amount is "increase", when it is "no change", "no change" and "increase". When it is "," it is inferred to be "decrease."

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the conventional control method,
The membership function was tuned under certain conditions so that optimum control could be performed. In that case,
For example, if the deviation membership function is narrowly tuned, the rise time becomes faster because the time during which the amount of supplied current is controlled at the maximum value becomes longer after the control device is turned on. However, when the environmental temperature is higher than the tuned condition and the difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature is small, the increase in the heater temperature is large, and the variation with time of the deviation when the fuzzy rule is applied is also large. Therefore, overshoot may occur even if the control is performed so as to reduce the amount of supplied current within the rule application range. On the contrary, the membership function of deviation is tuned widely. In that case, when the environmental temperature is lower than the tuned condition and the difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature is large, the time for controlling the input current amount at the maximum value after turning on the control device becomes short, so it takes time to start up. It takes. In this way, the conventional control method has only one control constant, so stable control can be performed under tuned conditions, but when performing environmental evaluation outside the tuned conditions, the control accuracy will depend on the environmental conditions at that time. It depends on the stability and the stability is poor, and it is difficult to always perform optimal control. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not possible to evaluate various environments and it is necessary to tune the membership function suitable for the environment at that time.

Further, in the case of human beings, even if the environmental temperature is high, the amount of heat released is increased by perspiration or the like to keep the body temperature constant. At this time, there is a basal metabolic rate in the body and the calorific value does not fall below a certain value. However, in the case of a thermal mannequin, the amount of heat radiation cannot be increased even if the environmental temperature rises, so the amount of current applied to the heater must be reduced in order to maintain the heater temperature at the target temperature, which reduces the amount of human basic metabolism. It cannot be simulated thermally. Therefore, there is a problem that the thermal environment cannot be evaluated in a sweating environment where the environmental temperature is high.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and provides a temperature control device that achieves a target temperature quickly and, at the same time, performs stable control with high accuracy. The purpose is to be able to evaluate the thermal environment even in a high sweating environment. The temperature control device for performing highly accurate and stable control can also be applied to the temperature control device of a general heating device.

[0008]

A temperature control device according to the present invention comprises a heater installed in a heating device, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature inside the heating device, and a heating device detected by the temperature detector. Control constant determining means for defining a plurality of control constants for the range of the difference between the internal temperature of the device and the target temperature of the heating device, and determining the control constant to be used among the plurality of control constants, and this control constant determination And a current value calculation means for calculating the amount of current supplied to the heating device from the control constant determined by the means, the difference between the target temperature of the heating device and the temperature inside the heating device, and the amount of time change of the temperature. ..

Further, a heater for heating the thermal manikin installed inside the thermal manikin or on the surface of the skin, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the heater, a target temperature of the thermal mannequin and the temperature detector detect the temperature. When the output of the current value calculation means for calculating the amount of current applied to the thermal manikin and the output of the current value calculation means from the difference in temperature near the heater and the amount of time change of the temperature are smaller than the preset basic current value, This basic current value is used as the amount of current supplied to the thermal mannequin, and when the value is larger than the basic current value, the current value calculation means is used as the amount of current supplied to the thermal mannequin.

[0010]

The temperature control device according to the present invention comprises a heater installed in the heating device, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heater, a heater temperature output from the temperature detector and a target temperature of the heating device. When the difference is within a certain range, the control constant that controls the heater temperature so that it is stable at the target temperature of the heating device with high accuracy, and when the difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature is outside the certain range, the above control constant is applicable. By having a control constant that optimally controls the temperature change amount when entering and a control constant determining means that switches the used control constant, the temperature change amount when entering the applicable range of each control constant is optimized and overshoot is prevented. At the same time as preventing, the target temperature can be reached in the shortest time, and after reaching the target temperature, highly accurate and stable control can be performed.

Further, a heater for heating the thermal manikin installed inside or on the skin surface of the thermal manikin, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heater, and a current supplied to the thermal mannequin by an output from the temperature detector. The current value calculating means for calculating the amount is compared with the output from the current value calculating means and the basic current value. If the output from the current value calculating means is less than the basic current value, the basic current value is set to the heater control section. , And the output from the current value calculating means is equal to or higher than the basic current value, by having the current value determining means for determining to output the output from the current value calculating means to the heater control section, The basal metabolic rate can be maintained even in a high sweating environment, and the thermal environment can be evaluated by the increase in the heater temperature from the target temperature.

[0012]

【Example】

Example 1. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of basic control of temperature control of a heating device. Reference numeral 1 is a target temperature input section for setting a target temperature, 2 is a temperature detector for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the heater, and the target temperature set by the target temperature input section 1 and the heater temperature detected by the temperature detector 2 are set. Are output to the current value calculating means 3 and the control constant determining means 4, respectively. The control constant determining means 4 controls the control constant 1 of 5 when the temperature difference is within a certain range from the difference between the target temperature and the heater temperature.
Is applied, and it is determined that the control constant 2 of 6 is applied when the temperature difference is outside the fixed range. The current value calculating means 3 calculates the making current value change amount from the control constant decided by the control constant deciding means 4, the difference between the target temperature and the heater temperature, and the temperature time change amount, and further calculates the making current amount, Output to the heater control unit 7. The heater controller 7 controls the current of the heater 8.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 9 is a control unit of the heating device, and the input circuit 1
0, a CPU 11, a memory 12, and an output circuit 13. Reference numeral 14 denotes a heating device main body, which includes a temperature detector 2, a heater 8, and a heater control unit 7. Reference numeral 1 is a target temperature input unit. The operation program of the control constant determining means according to the present invention is stored in the memory 12 and is calculated by the CPU 11. The output from the target temperature input unit 1 and the output from the temperature detector 2 are input to the input circuit 10, and CP
U11 and the memory 12 calculate the input current amount by the current value calculating means and the control constant determining means, and output the input current amount from the output circuit 13 to the heater control section 7 of the heating device to control the current of the heater 8.

Next, the operation of the temperature controller of the heating device will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. First, when the operator turns on the temperature control device of the heating device in S100 and sets the target temperature in S101, S1
After waiting for the temperature measurement timing in 02, the heater temperature is detected in S103, and the difference dt between the target temperature and the heater temperature is obtained in S104. If it is determined in S105 that the temperature difference is within the certain range, the control constant 1 is applied in S106, and if it is determined in S105 that the temperature difference is outside the certain range, the control constant 2 is applied in S107. In S108, the time change amount S is calculated from the difference between the previous temperature difference dts and the current temperature difference dt.
Calculate t. In S109, the change amount of the making current is calculated by fuzzy inference from the temperature difference dt and the time change amount St according to the determined control constant. The current input amount is calculated from the change amount calculated in S110, and the current control is performed in S111.
Then, the temperature difference dt is written in the memory in S112, and the temperature measurement timing is waited again in S102.

The case where the fuzzy theory is applied to this embodiment will be described below as an example. In the case of fuzzy control,
Control constants are fuzzy rules and membership functions. Steps S105 to S110 are a flow as an input current amount calculation means to which the fuzzy theory is applied.
Is an image diagram of the fuzzy rule. The usage rule is determined from the difference dt between the heater temperature and the target temperature, and the inrush current amount is deduced according to the rule. For example, when the heater temperature is equal to or lower than the target temperature-2 [deg], the rule 2 shown in Fig. 4-b is applied. If the heater temperature is within the target temperature range of ± 2 [deg], rule 1 shown in Fig. 4-a is applied. Then, the change amount of the input current amount is obtained according to each rule, and the new current amount corrected in S112 is input. Then, the temperature difference dt between the target temperature and the heater temperature is stored in the memory as the previous temperature difference dts, and the next temperature detection timing is awaited.

The control result is shown in the control conceptual diagram of FIG. After the heating device is turned on in a, the difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature is, for example, -6 [deg] or more (b)
Up to, the maximum current value is output to the heater control unit, so that the target temperature difference reaches -6 [deg] at the maximum speed. Then, when the difference between the heater temperature of b and the target temperature is -6 [deg] to -2 [deg] of c, the control constant 2 is applied, and when the temperature change amount is decreasing, the current amount is increased, When the temperature change amount is increasing, the current amount is reduced, and fuzzy control is performed so that the control constant 1 is entered at the optimum temperature change amount. Then, at c, the set temperature is ± 2
Within the range of [deg], the fuzzy control is performed by applying the control constant 1 so that the heater temperature becomes stable at the target temperature.

As described above, by changing the control constants by the control constant determining means according to the present invention, the change amount of the supplied current amount can be determined according to the temperature condition and the changing condition of the heater to control the temperature of the heater. Therefore, the effect of reaching the target temperature quickly without overshooting can be obtained at the same time, and after the target temperature is reached, highly accurate and stable control can be performed.

Although the case where there are two sets of control constants has been described here, the same effect can be obtained even when there are more control constants. Further, it goes without saying that this temperature control method can be applied to a thermal mannequin that controls the temperature by installing a heater inside the mannequin or on the skin surface. Further, when the thermal manikin is divided into parts, by performing control with a control constant for each part, more accurate and stable control can be performed.

Example 2. Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 6 to 10 show another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an outline of basic control. 1 is a target temperature input section for setting a target temperature,
Reference numeral 2 denotes a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the heater. The target temperature set by the target temperature input unit 1 and the heater temperature detected by the temperature detector 2 are output to the current value calculation means 3. The current value calculating means 3 calculates the making current value change amount from the difference between the target temperature and the heater temperature and the time change amount of the temperature, further calculates the making current amount, and the current value determining means 14
Output to. The current value determination means 14 compares the calculation result of the making current amount and the basic current value 15, and when the basic current value 15 is larger, the basic current value 15 is set, and when the calculation result of the making current amount is larger, the making current amount is set. The calculation result is output to the heater control unit 7, and the heater 8 is current-controlled.

FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram. A thermal mannequin control unit 9 includes an input circuit 10, a CPU 11, a memory 12, and an output circuit 13. Reference numeral 14 denotes a thermal mannequin body, which is composed of a temperature detector 2, a heater controller 7, and a heater 8. Reference numeral 1 is a target temperature input unit. The operation program of the current value determining means according to this embodiment is stored in the memory 12 and is calculated by the CPU 11. The output from the target temperature input unit 1 and the output from the temperature detector 2 are input to the input circuit 10, and the input current value is calculated by the current value calculation means in the CPU 11 and the memory 12. The input current value calculation result is compared with the basic current value to determine the input current value, and the output current is output from the output circuit 13 to the heater control unit 7 of the thermal manikin, and the heater 8 is current-controlled.

Next, the thermal mannequin control device will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, S20
When the operator turns on the thermal manikin control device at 0 and the target temperature is set at S201, the temperature measurement timing is waited at S202, the heater temperature of the mannequin is detected at S203, and the target temperature is set at S204. The temperature difference dt of the heater temperature is calculated. Then, in S205, the time change amount S is calculated from the difference between the previous temperature difference dts and the current temperature difference dt.
Calculate t. In S206, the temperature difference dt and the time change amount S
The change amount of the input current is calculated from t, and the current input amount is calculated from the change amount calculated in S207. In S208, the calculated making current amount and the basic current amount are compared, and when it is determined in S208 that the making current amount ≦ the basic current amount, the basic current amount is output to the heater control unit in S209, and the calculated making current amount> the basic current amount. When it is determined that the amount is the amount, the calculated amount of current is output to the heater control unit in S210 to control the current. Then, in step S211, the temperature difference dt is written in the memory, and in step 202, the temperature measurement timing is waited again. The control result is shown in the control conceptual diagram of FIG. Further, a conventional control conceptual diagram is shown in FIG. Conventionally, when the environmental temperature is high, the heater temperature becomes higher than the target temperature, so that the heater input current amount may gradually decrease and the input current amount may become zero. Therefore, the basal metabolic rate of human beings cannot be simulated and the environmental evaluation cannot be performed. According to the control method of the present invention shown in FIG. 10, when the environmental temperature is 28 ° C., the applied current amount is heated to the maximum value when the thermal manikin is turned on, and the current value is gradually decreased when approaching the target temperature. Then, it stabilizes at the target temperature. When the environmental temperature is as high as 32 ° C., the current value is first decreased, but the calculated current value eventually becomes equal to or less than the basic current value, and the basic current value is used for control. For this reason, the heater temperature becomes higher than the target temperature by the amount of a and becomes stable over time. This a is the amount that a person feels hot, and it can be evaluated that the person is radiating heat due to sweating or the like. In this way, it is possible to evaluate a sweating environment with a high environmental temperature.

Further, when the thermal manikin is divided into parts, by setting a basic current value for each part, the human basal metabolism can be simulated with higher accuracy.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, the control constant determining means determines the temperature difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature and the change over time so that the heater can be controlled to the target temperature at all times. Whether to use a control constant that controls so that the temperature stabilizes accurately at the target temperature or a control constant that performs control so that the temperature always falls within the applicable range of the optimum deviation over time The effect is that the target current can be reached quickly without overshooting, and the highly accurate and stable control can be performed after the target temperature is reached, because the current value calculation means calculates the input current amount according to the control constant. There is.

Further, so that the target temperature is always controlled,
From the temperature difference between the heater temperature and the target temperature and the change over time in this difference, the current value calculation means calculates the amount of applied current, and the current value is determined to determine which of the result of the amount of applied current and the basic current value to apply. By deciding by the means, it is possible to simulate the human basal metabolic rate without making the input current amount lower than the basic current value, and it is also possible to evaluate the perspiration environment with high environmental temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of basic control of a temperature control device for a heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of a temperature control device for a heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a temperature control method for a heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an image diagram of a fuzzy rule according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a heater control conceptual diagram showing a temperature control situation of a heating device in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an outline of basic control of a thermal manikin controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram of a thermal mannequin controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a thermal mannequin control method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a heater control conceptual diagram showing a thermal manikin control situation in a conventional control method.

FIG. 10 is a heater control conceptual diagram showing a thermal mannequin control situation in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a conventional thermal mannequin control method.

FIG. 12 is an image diagram of a fuzzy rule in a conventional control method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 temperature detector 3 current value calculation means 4 control constant determination means 5, 6 control constant 8 heater 14 current value determination means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heater installed in a heating device, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature inside the heating device, and a temperature inside the heating device detected by the temperature detector and a target temperature of the heating device. A control constant determining means for defining a plurality of control constants for the range of the difference and determining a control constant to be used among the plurality of control constants, a control constant determined by the control constant determining means, and a target temperature of the heating device. And a current value calculation means for calculating the amount of current supplied to the heating device from the difference in the temperature inside the heating device and the amount of time change of the temperature, the temperature control device for the heating device. 2. A heater for heating the thermal manikin installed inside or on the skin surface of the thermal manikin, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the heater, a target temperature of the thermal mannequin and the temperature detector for detecting the temperature. From the difference in temperature near the heater and the amount of time change of the above temperature,
When the output of the current value calculation means for calculating the amount of current supplied to the thermal mannequin and the output of the current value calculation means is smaller than the preset basic current value, this basic current value is taken as the amount of current supplied to the thermal mannequin A temperature control device for a thermal manikin having a current value determining means for setting a current value calculation result as an amount of current applied to the thermal mannequin when the current value is larger than the current value.