JPH04507277A - Crank pin support structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Crankbin support structure The present invention relates to a multi-cylinder engine, in particular, to a multi-cylinder engine that is substantially identical in the radial direction around the crankshaft axis. It is used for engines consisting of a plurality of cylinders arranged on a plane.

One of the common problems with radially arranged engines is that the engine crank two or more connecting rods are connected to each eccentric journal of the shaft. this Although various attempts have been made to overcome the problem, most of the proposals made so far are Most of them especially require high power with small volume displacement, i.e. about 25 A high rotation speed of 0 rpm or more is required. When applied to engines, various problems arise. It raises issues.

The general structure of these radial engines is described in the following US patents: Disclosed.

2226940 Meyer et al. 2096189 Mirror 2894414 Johnson 1988119 Hill The disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 289 ('414) A ring is used to hold the connecting rods in correct working relationship on the null. These rings were fixed to the crankshaft so that they rotated together with it. This is something that deserves special attention. Crankshaft and ring are integrated The method of rotating with A major problem is inherent in this structure.

For all kinds of machines, "tolerance accumulation J" (tole (rance-stack) maintains working clearance between relatively moving components. This is an important issue regarding retention. This is like an engine, which uses sliding bearings to carry high loads. For machines that must support high rotational speeds with small clearances. It has a particularly important meaning.

In the configuration disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,894,414, the connecting rod slipper is normally closed. The inner bearing surface rotates relative to the rank shaft journal and rotates relative to the retaining ring. It is equipped with an external bearing surface that rotates. This slipper and crankshaft journer clearance between the ring and the retaining ring should be kept small for effective lubrication. at the same time due to expansion under high temperature conditions that occur in the engine. Conventional proposals must be sufficient to prevent sticking, which primarily occurs when Now, adjust the two retaining rings in exact relation to the crankshaft journal. Although it is necessary to locate the crankshaft journal in At the opposite end it is fixed to each web of the crankshaft. Also, the retaining ring Bolts are used to attach to the crankshaft web; It is necessary to provide centering holes in the web and retaining ring. All bearing surfaces Maintains extremely tight tolerances to ensure the limited clearance required between However, it is extremely difficult to manufacture various parts such as those mentioned above, and the cost is high. It's obvious what will happen.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide two or more connections to the same crankshaft journal. The rods can be simply and easily connected to obtain an effective operating condition, and are relatively economical to manufacture. Provides a structure between internal combustion engines, generally having a radial cylinder arrangement, such that It's about doing.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides pistons each having a reciprocating piston. two or more cylinders and at least one eccentric crankshaft journal 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft having at least one of said pistons. The two also have connecting rods to connect them to one crank journal. and the connecting rod is perpendicular to the axis of the crankshaft and journal. an arc reciprocating in a common plane and in which each said connecting rod engages said one journal; The connecting rod has a bearing portion including an inner bearing surface and an outer coaxial bearing surface, and the inner bearing surface of the connecting rod is It engages with the journal concentrically with the journal at the center, and the outer bearing surface also engages with the journal in a concentric manner. a bearing ring disposed in the center and concentric with said one journal of said connecting rod; The inner bearing surface of the connecting rod is connected to the journal by load-bearing engagement with the outer bearing surface. The bearing ring is held in working relationship with the crankshaft. engaged with and rotating integrally with it, and relative to it in the radial and axial directions Provides an internal combustion engine that is capable of performing only limited movements. It is.

Preferably, the bearing ring is mounted for rotation on the crankshaft. . Each connecting rod also has two arcuate outer bearing surfaces viewed adjacent to each axial end of the connecting rod. Preferably, two bearing rings are provided, one of which is connected to the two connecting rods. The bearing ring cooperates with the outer bearing surface at one shaft end, and the other bearing ring is outer at the opposite shaft end of the connecting rod. Arranged to cooperate with the bearing surface.

Since the bearing ring is connected to the crankshaft, the connection between the bearing ring and the connecting rod is A relative movement occurs between them. This relative movement creates a gap between the engaging surfaces of the connecting rod and the bearing ring. A sliding velocity is generated, allowing the application of hydrodynamic lubrication principles. Connecting rod and bearing ring Acceptable as a result of providing hydrodynamic lubrication to the load transfer surfaces between the This will increase the possible load level and therefore also the engine speed as well as resulting in an increase in possible output.

This bearing ring has limited freedom of movement in the radial and axial directions. dimensional variations in the crankshaft, connecting rod and bearing ring are absorbed. This makes it possible to maintain the required tolerance between the bearing surfaces.

between the engine crankshaft and connecting rod when the gas pressure in the cylinder is high. A large force is transmitted, and this force forces the outer bearing surface of the connecting rod into the journal of the crankshaft. It will be appreciated that the internal bearing surface of the connecting rod is kept in contact with the The force acting on the outer bearing surface on the connecting rod is significantly smaller and therefore Even if the contact bearing surface between the bearing ring and the bearing ring is slightly small, it can be sufficiently accommodated.

However, at high rotational speeds the centrifugal forces are significant and the bearing ring is By withstanding force, the connecting rod and crankshaft bearing are placed in the correct position. Must be retained.

If the engine is acting as a supercharged engine, under normal conditions the engine Gas pressure is constantly present in the cylinder, applying a load through the connecting rod, and at high speeds. It helps keep the inner bearing surface in contact with the crankshaft journal.

This condition is particularly valid for two-stroke cycle engines.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a side view of a three-cylinder radial engine.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 133 is a side view of a single connecting rod. It is a diagram.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the connecting rod shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is an axial view of the bearing ring. FIG. 6 is an end view of the bearing ring shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an end view of the bearing ring shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the crankshaft in which is overwritten with hard lines.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show a three-cylinder radial engine to which the present invention is applied. This engine includes a central crankcase 40 with three A similar cylinder device 41 is installed. Each axis of these cylinder devices is the rotating shaft of the crankshaft 42 supported by a bearing 44 in the crankcase 40. They are arranged in the same plane perpendicular to.

The specific shape of the cylinder device shown in FIG. 1 is not intended to limit the present invention; The number of cylinder devices that can be installed in the same plane is as detailed in Depends on the number of connecting rods that can be attached to one journal of the crankshaft. It is limited only to. In addition, in the engine shown in Figure 1, the crankshaft Although only one eccentric journal is shown, the engine may have two or more eccentric journals. comprising a crack shaft with a central journal, each of those eccentric journals A plurality of participating cylinder devices may also be arranged in the same plane.

The crankshaft 42 is a coaxial shaft attached to the opposite wall of the crankcase 40. It is supported by a receiver 44. The end 38 of this crankshaft is driven by the engine. The other end of the crankshaft 4 is for connecting to moving machinery and equipment. Reference numeral 9 indicates various auxiliary devices necessary for operating the engine, such as an oil pump 62. and the fuel pump 63. Figure 2 shows these configuration elements. The element, drive unit, and drive unit housing 64 are omitted for easy viewing.

In FIG. 2, each of the cylinder devices includes a reciprocating piston 39 and is connected to a reciprocating piston 39. The connecting rod 45 is connected to the piston 39 by a vision pin 46 and is connected to the crankshaft. The slipper has one end I4 that engages with the eccentric journal 48 of the foot 42.

The three slippers 14 of the three connecting rods 45 are connected to the journal by bearing ring pairs 30. 48 and the movement bearing. The tongue portion 37 of the bearing ring is a crankshaft. The opposite edge 52,53 of the tongue 37 abuts against the turn 51 of the web 52 of the foot, and the opposite edge 52,53 of the tongue 37 Balance weight removably attached to web 52 of shaft 42 It is supported by 54 people. In Figure 2, the balance weight is on the right side of the figure. It has been removed from the web 52 of the rank shaft, and the attached one is shown on the left side of the figure. Indicates the condition. The structure of the support ring 30 is such that the tongue portion 37 serves as a balance weight. The bearing ring 3G is centered on the axis of the crankshaft 42 by This is to ensure that it remains essentially in balance.

Now in FIGS. 3 and 4, the connecting rod 45 is connected to its lower end, as will be explained in detail later. That is, the structure is generally the same as the conventional one except for the large end portion. center of connecting rod The rod-shaped portion 1O has a conventionally known structure with a web, and the small end portion 11 is also shown in FIG. A known vision bin for attaching the connecting rod to the piston as shown 46.

At its large end 13, the connecting rod is not of a completely circular structure as in the past, but is Arc-shaped slipper bearing 14 cooperating with the crankshaft journal 48 of the gin It is equipped with Is the slipper bearing 14 an arc-shaped internal bearing? Hold jlf15, center bar As is clear from FIG. 4, arcuate outer bearing surfaces 16 are provided on both sides of the shaped portion 10. There is. Bearing surfaces 15 and 16 are concentric. In this example, slipper 14 is nominally 90° The range of this arc is the same as that of the same crankshaft journal. Determined in part by the number of connecting rods at work. Connections centered around journals The angular motion of the rod can also be accommodated by one crankshaft journal. This angular movement is related to the number of connecting rods in the piston stroke ratio. Depends on length ratio.

As is clear from FIG. 3, the arcuate portion 17 of the connecting rod has a bearing material layer bonded to the arcuate inner surface. This forms an inner bearing surface 15. The arcs of the arcuate portions 17 on both sides of the central bar portion 10 A similar layer of bearing material is applied to the shaped outer surface to define the arcuate bearing surface 16.

Furthermore, as is clear from FIG. 8 extends from the bearing surface 16 and engages the bearing ring 30 as will be described in more detail below. It constitutes a bearing. The bearing material forming the bearing surface Is, 16.18 is a known contact material. It can be effectively applied by jetting or otherwise to the corresponding part of the connecting rod by means of a coupling technique. further mechanical finishing can be performed if necessary.

As is clear from FIG. 3, the arc-shaped slipper bearing 14 is relative to the axis of the connecting rod 10. It is not located symmetrically, but inside the crankshaft as indicated by numeral 19. The core wire has a larger portion in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft. Sea urchins are provided. The center point of the length of this slipper bearing 14 is approximately It is desirable that the deviation be 71 degrees. This shape of slipper bearing is facilitates the formation of an oil film between the link shaft journal 48 and the bearing surface 15 of the link rod. This serves to establish and maintain hydrodynamic lubrication.

Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show the bearing ring 3 referred to in FIGS. 1 and 2. 0, connecting multiple connecting rods 10 in the same plane to the jack of the crankshaft 42. Two such bearing rings are used to hold the ring in engagement with the nut 48. Li The holes 31 in the ring portion 42 are parallel holes that pass through the retaining ring and are located on the outer bearing surface of the connecting rod. 16, and has an inner bearing surface 32 having a diameter that can be engaged with the inner bearing surface 16. The ring portion 32 is attached to the diameter line 34. It is divided into two parts connected by studs 35 along the Therefore, they are located in the required relative relationship.

The integrally formed tongue portion 37 is connected to the crankshaft balance weight 54 and the web. 52 and tightly fit into the recess defined by 52 with a clearance of around 1°. It is constructed with dimensions such that In FIG. 7, the wafer of the crankshaft 42 is The web 52 has balance weights 54 fixed on both sides thereof, and they The 0 face 51 that protrudes in the axial direction of the crankshaft 42 beyond the face 51 of the The edge surface 56,57 of the balance weight 54 forms a recess in which the tongue of the bearing ring is inserted. portion 37 is received. The tongue portion 37 determines the position of the ring portion relative to the crankshaft. to prevent its relative rotation with respect to the journal in which it is mounted and , absorbs the deflection that occurs in parts such as the crankshaft due to exercise loads, and The journal, connecting rod bearing surface and bearing rib may vary depending on manufacturing tolerances and motion loads. This absorbs the eccentricity between the center holes 31 of the rings.

The structure of the bearing ring 30 as described above and its web of the crankshaft radial and axial support of the crankshaft by engagement with Provides clearance to allow limited movement between ring and crankshaft can be done.

The above two engine structures are merely examples, and the present invention has a plurality of eccentric journals. Submit copies and translations of multiple connection amendments to the crankshaft and each journal (Patent Law Article 184-8) April 25, 1991

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. two or more cylinders, each with a reciprocating piston, and at least Includes a crankshaft with one eccentric crankshaft journal an internal combustion engine, wherein at least two of said pistons are connected to said one crankshaft; The journal is equipped with a connecting rod for connecting them, and the connecting rod is connected to the journal. reciprocating in a common plane perpendicular to the axes of the link shaft and journal, and Each connecting rod has an arcuate inner bearing surface and a coaxial arcuate outer bearing surface that engage with said one journal. The inner bearing surface of the connecting rod is arranged concentrically around the journal. The outer bearing surface is also disposed concentrically while engaging the journal, and a bearing ring concentric with the journal in load-bearing engagement with an outer bearing surface of the connecting rod; retains the inner bearing surface of the connecting rod in operative relationship with the journal. , the bearing link interengaging with and rotating integrally with the crankshaft; and only limited movement relative to it in the radial and axial directions. An internal combustion engine capable of 2. Each connecting rod has a bearing surface perpendicular to the arc-shaped outer bearing surface, and 2. The engine of claim 1, wherein the bearing link engages a face of the bearing link perpendicular to the axis. 3. Each connecting rod has a central length with a bearing at one end, said central length being connected to a crank. A continuous piece that is approximately arc-shaped in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft and forms an inner bearing surface. a concave surface and two axially spaced convex surfaces, the convex surfaces being on either side of the central length. the connecting rods also form two radial bearing surfaces, each forming a concentric outer bearing surface. adjacent to each outer bearing surface in each plane perpendicular to the axis of the crankshaft. 2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the connecting rods are on opposite sides of the central portion. 4. The bearing link includes a link portion having a through hole, into which the bearing portion of each connecting rod is biased. It is received as a spaced apart assembly centered on the cardiac journal, and the outer bearing surface of the bearing part is the bearing link further includes a tongue portion integral with the link portion; The portion projects radially with respect to the hole and is adapted to be mutually engaged with the crankshaft. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is configured to rotate integrally with the internal combustion engine. 5. An eccentric journal is supported by each web portion of the crankshaft and Each web part carries a balance weight part, and a supporting ring is installed between them. a tongue of the hook is received in a recess defined by the web and the balance weight; 7. The internal combustion engine of claim 6, wherein the internal combustion engine extends radially relative to the axis of the crankshaft. 6. According to claim 7, the balance weight is removably attached to the web. fuel engine. 7. said bearing link being substantially balanced relative to the crankshaft axis; An internal combustion engine according to any of the claims. 8. An internal combustion engine having the structure and arrangement described in the text with reference to the accompanying drawings.