JPH04167199A - Device and method for monitoring smoke and fire in dust pit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically detect the occurrence of smoke quickly and with high accuracy at early stages by detecting the occurrence of the smoke by a visible density difference method based on visible system image data, and detecting the occurrence of fire by the density difference method based on infrared system image data. CONSTITUTION:The infrared system image data and the visible system image data processed by an image processing device 5 are inputted to a data processor 6, respectively, and the occurrence of the smoke and that of the fire are detected, and the place of the occurrence is computed, etc., and a required alarm signal and a control signal for a discharge gun, etc., are transmitted to the outside. In other words, the occurrence of the fire can be monitored and detected by the infrared system sensor of a compound type camera sensor 1, and an alarm representing the occurrence of the file is issued according to such monitoring and detection. Also, the occurrence of the smoke can be monitored and detected by the visible system sensor of the camera sensor 1, and an alarm representing the occurrence of the smoke is issued. Thereby, it is possible to detect the occurrence of the file at a stage where the smoke is generated that is the preceding stage of the fire, and to display a high accident prevention effect.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to the improvement of disaster prevention systems such as garbage pits in garbage incineration plants. A smoke/fire monitoring system in a garbage pit and a smoke/fire monitoring system that uses a visible density difference detection method to detect the occurrence of smoke with high accuracy without being affected by these disturbance factors It is about the method.

(Prior Art) A large amount of various miscellaneous municipal waste that has been collected is sequentially stored in a waste pit of a waste incineration plant.

By the way, garbage pits are often contaminated with flammable substances such as chemicals, metal powder, cigarette butts, etc., and can also cause fires such as spontaneous combustion due to the fermentation heat of accumulated garbage in garbage pits. This poses an extremely high risk.

Therefore, in conventional garbage incineration plants, many monitoring devices using television monitors are installed as disaster prevention monitoring devices for garbage pits, and water is started to be sprayed as soon as fire or smoke is detected.

However, the television monitor type disaster prevention monitoring device is basically based on visual monitoring by an operator, and has the disadvantage that continuous automatic monitoring is not possible.

On the other hand, in order to compensate for the shortcomings of such TV monitor-type disaster prevention monitoring equipment, the applicant has previously developed an automatic disaster prevention equipment for garbage pits that utilizes an infrared camera, and has made this available to the public (Patent Application No. 1999). -326534 etc.). In other words, the automatic disaster prevention device for garbage pits uses an infrared and visible camera sensor to automatically scan the surface of the garbage layer within a certain monitoring area, and also performs image processing and data processing on the video data from the camera sensor. It is configured to calculate the temperature distribution on the layer surface and determine the location of a fire outbreak, and if it is determined that a fire has occurred, it will automatically spray water toward the location of the fire.

The automatic disaster prevention device for garbage pits using the infrared visible camera sensor can relatively quickly and accurately detect the temperature distribution on the outer surface of the garbage layer in a predetermined area, and has excellent practical utility. .

However, in order to detect a fire in a garbage pit early and prevent it from causing a major accident.

It is necessary not only to detect the occurrence of fire from the temperature distribution on the outer surface of the garbage layer, but also to detect the occurrence of smoke early and accurately. This is because in the case of garbage, smoke is always generated as a prelude to ignition.

Therefore, it is basically possible to detect the occurrence of smoke by applying so-called image processing to the video signal from the infrared-visible camera sensor and processing this image processing data, by using the so-called visible density difference detection method. It is possible.

However, in the garbage pit, factors other than smoke generation (hereinafter referred to as unnecessary disturbances) such as the movement and swinging of the garbage crane, the movement of garbage in the pit due to the operation of the crane, and the movement of garbage when the garbage input gate is opened. This is because differences in visible density also occur due to factors (referred to as factors).

It is extremely difficult to quickly and accurately detect the generation of smoke from the garbage layer and the point where it is generated, and there is still no technology that can be put to practical use.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the conventional automatic disaster prevention device for garbage pits using an infrared visible camera sensor, namely,
The movement of the garbage crane and the movement of the garbage itself are factors that cause visible concentration differences on the outer surface of the garbage layer in the pit, just as in the case of smoke generation. This system aims to solve the problem of not being able to automatically detect smoke generation, and eliminates it by automatically interrupting the smoke generation detection process while disturbance factors specific to the garbage pit exist. , a smoke and fire monitoring device and method for monitoring smoke and fire in garbage pits using infrared and visible camera sensors that can automatically detect the occurrence of smoke quickly and with high precision in any environment. This is what we provide.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present device invention comprises a composite infrared-visible camera sensor 1 that automatically travels within a garbage pit; and processes a visible image signal and an infrared image signal from the infrared-visible camera sensor 1. The image processing bag M5 and the image processing bag! The infrared processing data from 5 is used to detect the occurrence of fire X, and the visible processing data is used to detect the occurrence of smoke P. At the same time, the calculation S of smoke and fire sources and the transmission U of alarm/control signals are performed. Data processing device 6: External data such as the operating status of the garbage crane G and the opening/closing status of the garbage input gate N are inputted, and smoke is generated by eliminating the influence of disturbance factors such as the operation of the garbage crane G and the movement of garbage H. A monitorable time zone Y in which monitoring can be performed is calculated, and the calculated monitorable time zone signal ○ is transmitted to the data processing device 6 to detect smoke generation P within the monitorable time zone. The time slot generation device 16 is the basic configuration of the invention.

In addition, the present method invention automatically scans the outer surface of the garbage layer in the garbage pit 1 with a composite infrared-visible camera sensor 1,
By subjecting the image signal from the infrared-visible camera sensor (1) to image processing Q and data processing R, the occurrence of a fire can be detected by the density difference method based on the image data from the infrared-based sensor A time zone generation device that can detect smoke generation P using the visible density difference method based on the image data from , and monitor external data related to disturbance factors such as the operating status of the garbage crane G and the opening/closing status of the garbage input gate N. 116 to calculate a monitoring possible time period YL in which smoke generation can be monitored by the visible density difference method without being adversely affected by the disturbance factors, and smoke generation detected by the visible density difference method within the monitoring possible time period P The basic structure of the invention is to eliminate the detection P of smoke generation outside the monitoring possible time period.

(Function) The image signal from the infrared visible camera sensor 1 is processed by the image processing device 5 and then input to the data processing bag M6.

The data processing device 6 detects the occurrence of smoke P using the visible density difference method based on the visible image data from the camera sensor 1, and detects the occurrence of fire X using the density difference method based on the infrared image data. will be carried out.

When smoke or fire is detected, the source is calculated and necessary alarms and automatic water cannon control signals are issued.

In addition, external data indicating the operating status of the garbage crane G and the opening/closing status of the garbage input gate N is input to the monitoring possible time zone generation device N16 of the data processing bag M6, and the garbage crane G grabs, stirs, and stirs the garbage. Swinging of crane G,
Due to disturbance factors such as the input of garbage H when the garbage input gate N is opened, a monitorable time period in which smoke generation detection using the visible density difference method can be performed without being adversely affected is calculated.

The calculated monitorable time period signal O is input to the control device for smoke generation processing, and smoke generation is detected during the monitorable time period, and smoke generation detection processing is performed outside the monitorable time period. P is excluded.

This enables highly accurate detection of smoke generation.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIG. 1 shows the basic configuration of the smoke/fire monitoring device according to the present invention, which consists of a camera sensor part A, a detection part B, an alarm generation part C, and an external input part. The six force sensor parts A that are configured include an infrared sensor part A□ and a visible sensor part A2, and a detection part B
, a fire occurrence detection section B1, a smoke occurrence detection section B2, and a monitorable time period generation section B are provided, and an alarm generation section C is provided with a fire alarm generation section C□ and a smoke alarm generation section C2, respectively.

In addition, external data such as the operating state of the garbage crane G and the operating state of the garbage disposal gate N are inputted to the monitorable time slot generating unit B3 from an external data input unit, and furthermore, external data such as the operating state of the garbage crane G and the operating state of the garbage input gate N are inputted to the monitorable time slot generating unit B3. The output from the smoke generation detection section B2
has been input to.

Furthermore, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the smoke/fire monitoring device in the garbage bit according to the present invention. A field-of-view compound camera sensor is used.

The camera sensor 1 is provided above the garbage pit, and is moved at a constant speed by a rotating device 15 to automatically scan a predetermined monitoring area.

Further, 2 is a controller for the infrared visible camera sensor 1, 3 is an image data transmission device, 4 is a video switch device for switching image data from each detection channel,
5 is an image processing device, 6 is a data processing device, 7 is a data transmission device, 8 is an alarm device, 9 is an external interface for inputting data regarding movement and operation of the garbage crane G, opening/closing of the garbage input gate N, etc. , 10 is a water cannon controller, 11 is a water cannon, 12 is a display, 13 is a printer, and 14 is a TV monitor.

The infrared image data and visible image data from each of the infrared and visible camera sensors 1 are input to the video switch W4 through the image data transmission device 3, and are automatically transmitted in a predetermined order via the video switch device 4. are sequentially input to the image processing device 5.

The infrared image data and visible image data processed by the image processing device 15 are input to the data processing device 6, where smoke generation detection, fire occurrence detection, and calculation of the occurrence location, etc., which will be described later, are performed. At the same time, necessary alarm signals, water cannon control signals, etc. are transmitted to the outside.

That is, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the occurrence of a fire is monitored and detected by the infrared sensor of the composite camera sensor 1, and an alarm indicating the occurrence of a fire is thereby transmitted. Further, the occurrence of smoke is monitored and detected by the visible sensor of the camera sensor 1, and an alarm for the occurrence of smoke is transmitted.

1 The above-mentioned devices 1 to 15 constituting the present invention and their operations are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-3265 previously published by the applicant.
It is basically almost the same as that described in No. 34.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, data regarding the operating state of the garbage crane G and the operating state of the garbage input gate N is input to the data processing device 6 via the external interface 9. There is. That is, a monitorable time zone generating device 16 as described later is provided in the data processing device 6, and the monitoring possible time zone generating device 16 uses information such as the operating status of the garbage crane G and garbage inputted from the outside. Using data regarding the operation status of the input gate, calculate the monitoring possible time period in which smoke generation can be detected with high accuracy without being affected by disturbances caused by the operation of the garbage crane G and garbage input gate N. However, smoke generation detection processing is performed within this calculated monitorable time period.

Next, before explaining the garbage pit smoke/fire monitoring method according to the present invention, we will consider the detection of smoke generation using visible images from the infrared visible camera sensor 1 and the disturbance factors that have an adverse effect on the detection of smoke generation. do.

FIG. 3(a) is a diagram showing the basic concept of detecting smoke generation in a garbage pit using a visible image from the infrared visible camera sensor 1.

In the figure, Fl(t□) is the reference image, which is obtained by frame sampling during normal operation (no smoke generated).
This is an input image at tz. Further, Fn(tn) is an input image at time tn obtained by frame sampling. The generation of smoke can be detected by calculating the time difference in real-time visible density and the like between the reference image F (t□) and the image Fn (tn).

Incidentally, the determination of smoke generation is made based on basic determination conditions such as density difference>N (set value), size>S (set value), and presence or absence of address movement.

Furthermore, Figures 3(b) and 3(C) explain the concept of disturbance factors that affect the determination of smoke generation using the visible density difference method. (such as upward/downward movement or left/right movement), and the latter is the case of incompletely moving objects (such as swinging the garbage crane to the left or stirring of garbage or trash discharged from the garbage crane). This figure shows the detection of concentration differences in various cases.

That is, in the case of the completely moving object shown in FIG. 3(b), there is a movement of the address (X-y) in the difference generation part E, and in the case of "smoke generation" where the address does not change at all (see FIG. 1(a)). ) can be easily distinguished.

On the other hand, in the case of the incompletely moving body shown in FIG. 3(c), an overlapping part E□ occurs in the address movement of the difference generating part E, and
It becomes difficult to distinguish from cases where smoke is generated.

Further, FIGS. 4(a) to 4(e) show examples of the disturbance factors in the monitoring area as seen from the infrared visible camera sensor 1 in the garbage pit. That is, FIG. 4(a) shows the movement of the garbage crane G in the left-right direction or the vertical direction, FIG. 4(b) shows the movement of the garbage crane G in the left-right direction, and FIG. 2(c) shows the movement from the crane G. Fig. 4(d) shows the stirring of waste H by crane G, and Fig. 4(e) shows the discharging of waste H and the grabbing of waste H by crane G. They are shown respectively.

The movement of the garbage crane G in the left-right direction or up-down direction in FIG.
Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between the case of "smoke generation" and the case of "smoke generation".

On the other hand, in FIGS. 4(b), 4(c), and 4.
The cases in Figures (d) and 4(e) are the so-called imperfectly moving object patterns (Figure 3C), and correspond to cases in which it is impossible to distinguish them from cases of "smoke generation". Moreover, these disturbance factors have unspecified shapes and sizes.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned disturbance factors include, in addition to the above, crane operation when grabbing garbage, crane operation when discharging garbage,
Temperature differences between the accumulated waste and surrounding waste due to fermentation heat, generation of water vapor, etc. are assumed, and these events are also disturbance factors that cannot be distinguished from "smoke generation" (i.e., they may have an adverse effect on the detection of smoke generation). give).

As a result, in order to accurately detect "smoke generation," it is necessary to eliminate the various disturbance factors in the garbage pit,
It is necessary to detect an abnormal state (i.e., smoke generation state) under a condition where the background density is constant (i.e., the background is stationary).

Table 1 is a list showing an example of the elements constituting the conditions for producing the state in which the background density is constant.

In Table 1, 1-n is the crane number (i.e.
n is the number of installed cranes), J□~Jn means that the crane G is located outside the field of view of the infrared visible camera sensor 1 (e.g., W above the pit), and K~Kn means that the crane grabs and stirs the garbage. , be in a state where it does not release, etc.
L indicates that the garbage input gate N is in a closed state.

That is, in order to express the above-mentioned "state where the background density is constant" from only two points, the movement of the garbage crane G and the movement of the garbage H, ■
The position of the garbage crane G is outside the field of view (above) of the camera sensor 1, ■ The garbage crane G is not stirring or bathing the garbage, and ■ The garbage input gate N is closed. It is necessary to combine the three condition elements in a certain relationship, and by understanding the data regarding each of the environmental condition elements (■, ■, and ■), it is possible to perform "smoke detection" accurately and with high precision. You can find the "monitorable time period".

FIG. 5 shows an example of a monitorable time zone generation device N16 that generates a monitorable time zone in which accurate smoke detection is possible using external data regarding the environmental condition elements shown in Table 1. The combination of environmental condition elements shown in Table 1 is constructed using a logic circuit M. In other words, the three elements in a specific state, such as the crane position J~Jn, the crane movement 1~Kn, and the open/closed state of the garbage input gate, are (
By combining (3ANDX4)+(40R)) through a logic circuit M, a "monitorable time period signal" O that can detect smoke generation with high precision without being affected by disturbance factors is generated. It is obtained as the output.

FIG. 6 shows the timing relationship between the output 0 of the monitorable time slot generation device 16 and the smoke generation detection process P, and shows the timing relationship between the monitorable time slot generation signal O from the monitorable time slot generator 16. is on, the data processing device 6 performs smoke generation detection processing P, while signal 0 is on.
During the period ff, the smoke generation detection process P is not performed, and the process is in a state of process exclusion P'. Note that tα is the control time of the smoke detection processing time.

Next, the operation of the smoke/fire monitoring device of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained with reference to flow diagrams of its image processing and data processing.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of image processing Q and data processing R of the smoke/fire monitoring device. First, in image processing Q, processing is performed across both fields of visible sensor 80 and infrared sensor A2. , frame sampling 17 that captures an input image at a fixed time period, mask generation 18 for eliminating unnecessary background parts in the monitoring area, offset calculation 19 that performs operational processing so that the difference calculation result always becomes a positive value, and reference image. Difference calculation 20 that calculates the time difference between and the input image
, a binarization process 21 in which the difference generation part is set to "1" and the others as rQJ, an AND operation 22 that performs processing to fit the actual density value of the input image into the difference generation part, and a histogram of the density level of the generated density and the number of pixels. A histogram calculation 23 to create a histogram, a projection calculation 24 to calculate projection values of the binarized image onto the y and x axes, and the like are performed.

Thereafter, in data processing R, smoke occurrence detection processing P and fire occurrence detection processing X are performed using the results of the histogram calculation 23 and projection calculation 24. Further, when the occurrence of smoke or fire is detected, first, a process S for calculating the source is performed based on the projection results from at least one pair of camera sensors 1. Next, a real map address conversion T is performed to convert the address (y, x) seen from the camera sensor 1 into the address (y, x) seen from the water cannon 11, and based on this, the operation of the water cannon 11 is An alarm/control process U for transmitting signals and various alarm signals is performed.

As described above, the smoke generation detection process P is performed using determination conditions such as visible density difference and size, and detection control conditions such as the number of times of processing n as criteria.

Furthermore, as described above, the smoke generation detection process P is performed while the signal O for generating the monitorable time period is being transmitted from the monitorable time zone generator M16, and the accuracy of smoke generation detection may be inhibited by external factors. In this case, the process P is temporarily interrupted, resulting in a so-called process exclusion P' state.

(Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, the interior of the garbage pit I is automatically scanned by the composite infrared visible camera sensor 1.

The structure is such that the occurrence of fire is detected using an infrared image signal from the sensor, and the occurrence of smoke is detected using a visible image signal. As a result, compared to conventional disaster prevention devices for garbage pits that mainly detect the occurrence of a fire, it is possible to detect the occurrence of a fire at the stage before the occurrence of smoke, demonstrating a high disaster prevention effect. You can.

In addition, in the present invention, a monitoring possible time period signal device N16 is provided in the data processing device, and external data regarding the operating status of the crane is inputted to this, and external data regarding the operating status of the crane, etc. Calculate the monitorable time period in which the accuracy of smoke generation detection using the visible concentration difference method will not be adversely affected by smoke generation, agitation, crane gripping operations, garbage discharge operations, etc. In addition, under conditions where detection accuracy is adversely affected by disturbance factors, smoke generation detection is eliminated (or interrupted).

As a result, the accuracy of detecting smoke generation is greatly improved, and there are no false alarms caused by garbage being thrown in by opening the garbage gate.

As described above, the present invention has excellent practical effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a smoke/fire monitoring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the smoke/fire monitoring device in a garbage pit. FIG. 3(a) is an explanatory diagram when smoke generation is detected using a visible image signal from an infrared-visible camera sensor, and FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 3(C) are based on the visible density difference method. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of disturbance factors that adversely affect detection of smoke generation. FIGS. 4(a) to 4(e) show examples of disturbance factors as seen from an infrared visible camera sensor in a garbage pit. FIG. 5 shows an example of the circuit configuration of the monitorable time slot generation device. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the timing relationship between the output of the monitorable time slot generation device and the smoke generation detection process. FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of image processing and data processing of the smoke/fire monitoring device according to the present invention. 1 Infrared visible camera sensor 2 Controller 3 Image data transmission device 4 Video switch device 5 Image processing device 6 Data processing device 7 Output transmission device 8 Alarm device 9 External interface 10 Water cannon controller 11 Water cannon 12 Display 13 Printer 14 TV monitor 15 Swivel Device 16 Monitorable time zone generation device 17 Frame sampling process 18 Mask generation process 19 Offset calculation process 20 Difference calculation process 21 Binarization process 22 AND calculation process 23 Histogram calculation 23 Projection calculation process A Sensor part B Detection part C alarm generation Department. D External data input section G Garbage crane H Garbage work Garbage pit N Garbage input gate ○ Monitorable time period signal Source calculation processing T Actual map address conversion processing U Alarm/control signal transmission Patent applicant Takuma Corporation Fujitsu Ltd. Figure 3 (a) Figure 4 (a) Figure 4 (b) Figure 4 (C)
Figure 4(d) Figure 4(e)

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A composite infrared-visible camera sensor (1) that automatically scans the inside of the garbage pit (I); and an image processing device that processes visible and infrared image signals from the infrared-visible camera sensor (1). (5) and; the image processing device (
Detection of fire occurrence using infrared processing data from 5)
), and detection of smoke generation using visible system processing data (P)
a data processing device (6) that calculates smoke and fire sources (S) and sends alarm and control signals (U); External data such as the opening/closing status of the garbage crane (G) and the movement of garbage (H) are input, and the monitoring possible time period in which smoke generation can be monitored is calculated (Y ) and a monitorable time slot generation device ( 16) A smoke/fire monitoring device in the garbage pit consisting of: (2) The data processing device (6) is configured to transmit a water cannon control signal for directing the water cannon (11) toward the calculated smoke and fire source. Smoke and fire monitoring equipment. (3) The monitoring possible time zone generation device (16) is used when the garbage crane (G) is located at a height outside the field of view of the camera sensor (1) and when the garbage crane (G) releases garbage (H), etc. External data are input when the garbage input gate (N) is in the closed condition and when the garbage input gate (N) is in the closed condition, respectively. The smoke/fire monitoring device in a garbage pit according to claim (1), which is configured to transmit a monitoring possible time period signal (O) either when the garbage pit is out of the field of view or when garbage is not being discharged. . (4) Automatically scan the outer surface of the garbage layer in the garbage pit (I) with a pair of composite infrared and visible camera sensors (1),
By subjecting the image signal from the infrared-visible camera sensor (1) to image processing (Q) and data processing (R), fire outbreak detection (X ), smoke generation is detected (P) by the visible density difference method based on the image data from the visible sensor, and the operating status of the garbage crane (G) is determined by the open/closed status of the garbage input gate (N). Input external data regarding disturbance factors such as the above into the monitorable time zone generation device (16) to calculate a monitorable time zone in which smoke generation can be monitored by the visible density difference method without being adversely affected by the disturbance factors (Y). , in a garbage pit, wherein smoke generation is detected (P) by the visible density difference method within the monitoring possible time period, and smoke generation detection (P) is excluded outside the monitoring possible time period. smoke and fire monitoring methods. (5) The garbage input gate (N) is closed and all of the multiple garbage cranes (G) are at a high position out of the field of view of the camera sensor (1) or are not moving, stirring, grasping, or discharging garbage. The smoke/fire monitoring method in a garbage pit according to claim (4), wherein the monitorable time period signal (O) is transmitted to detect smoke generation (P) in any of the above cases.