JP7428595B2 - 半導体装置、および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置、および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7428595B2 JP7428595B2 JP2020099711A JP2020099711A JP7428595B2 JP 7428595 B2 JP7428595 B2 JP 7428595B2 JP 2020099711 A JP2020099711 A JP 2020099711A JP 2020099711 A JP2020099711 A JP 2020099711A JP 7428595 B2 JP7428595 B2 JP 7428595B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 160
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910020836 Sn-Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の半導体装置の製造方法は、コレクタ側のリードフレームにNiめっき層を形成し、前記Niめっき層の上に、Cu部材を配合したCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Ag-Cu系はんだを供給して半導体素子を接合し、前記半導体素子の上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Cu系はんだを供給し、Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを施したエミッタ側のリードフレームを接合する。
本発明の半導体装置の製造方法は、コレクタ側のリードフレームにNiめっき層を形成し、前記Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを形成し、前記Cuめっきの上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Ag-Cu系はんだを供給して半導体素子を接合し、前記半導体素子の上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Cu系はんだを供給し、Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを施したエミッタ側のリードフレームを接合する。
図2は、本実施形態に係る半導体装置の断面図である。
図2に示すように、コレクタ側の導体であるリードフレーム12にNiめっき層17を形成する。なお、Niめっき層17は、粗化Niめっき層16を有するCu製のリードフレーム12のはんだ搭載面をレーザ処理し、平滑なNiめっき面とする。Niめっき層17のはんだ搭載面に、Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだ15を供給してNi-Pめっき18を含む電極を有する半導体素子13の一面を接合する。Ni-Pめっき18を含む電極を有する半導体素子13の他面にSn-Cu系はんだ14を供給し、Niめっき層17を施したエミッタ側の導体であるリードフレーム11を接合する。
図3に示すように、試験例1~試験例6のそれぞれについて、エミッタ側のはんだ接合部30におけるSn-Cu系はんだ14の組成301、はんだ接合部30の厚さ302、界面反応抑制層8の厚さ303の設定値を記載した。さらに試験例1~試験例6のそれぞれについて、コレクタ側のはんだ接合部31におけるSn-Ag-Cu系はんだ15の組成311、はんだ接合部31の厚さ312、界面反応抑制層8の厚さ313の設定値を記載した。さらに試験例1~試験例6のそれぞれについて、接合信頼性における175℃の高温保持試験321、パワーサイクル試験322の結果を記載した。
Sn系はんだ1をNiめっき3を施した導体(Cu)2の上に配置する。上述したように高温下において、Sn系はんだ1とNiめっき3との間の界面反応が進み、(Cu、Ni)6Sn5 よりなる界面反応抑制層8が形成される。ここで、界面反応抑制層8は凹凸があるため、界面反応抑制層8の厚さは、図5に示すようにNiめっき3上に形成した(Cu、Ni)6Sn5の凹凸をならしたときの平均厚さと定義する。図3に示した界面反応抑制層8の厚さ303、313はこの定義に基づく。
界面反応抑制層8を4.0μm以上にすると、さらに効果的に界面反応を抑制できるが、図7に示すように、半導体素子13の両面をSn系はんだ14でリードフレーム11、12を接合した半導体素子13の構造において、半導体素子13の割れ7が生じる可能性がある。したがって、界面反応抑制層8の厚さ1.2~4.0μm、より好ましくは1.4~3.2μmとすることにより、半導体素子13の割れ7を防ぎ、且つ界面反応を抑制することができる。
図8は、第2の実施形態に係る半導体装置の断面図である。図2に示す第1の実施形態と同一の個所には同一の符号を附してその説明を省略する。
本実施形態では、Sn-Cu系はんだ14もしくはSn-Ag-Cu系はんだ15の少なくとも一方にCu部材20を配合する。Cu部材20は、例えば、Cu粉ペースト、Cu粉とはんだ粉の混合ペースト、もしくはCuワイヤである。これにより、接合時にSn-Cu系はんだ14もしくはSn-Ag-Cu系はんだ15の中にCuを拡散させることができ、エミッタ側のはんだ接合部30もしくはコレクタ側のはんだ接合部31に所望の厚さで(Cu、Ni)6Sn5からなる界面反応抑制層8を容易に形成することができる。
図9に示すように、試験例7、試験例8のそれぞれについて、図3と同様に、エミッタ側のはんだ接合部30におけるSn-Cu系はんだ14の組成301、はんだ接合部30の厚さ302、界面反応抑制層8の厚さ303を、コレクタ側のはんだ接合部31におけるSn-Ag-Cu系はんだ15の組成311、はんだ接合部31の厚さ312、界面反応抑制層8の厚さ313の設定値を記載した。さらに試験例7、試験例8のそれぞれについて、接合信頼性における175℃高温保持試験321、パワーサイクル試験322の結果を記載した。
図10は、比較例に係る半導体装置の試験を示す表である。比較例は本実施形態によらない半導体装置である。
(1)半導体装置は、半導体素子13と、半導体素子13の第一の面および第二の面とSn系はんだ15、16を介してそれぞれ接合される第一の導体(エミッタ側のリードフレーム11)および第二の導体(コレクタ側のリードフレーム12)と、を備えた半導体装置において、第一の導体および第二の導体のSn系はんだ15、16と対向する面、並びに半導体素子13の第一の面および第二の面に、Ni系めっき層17が形成され、Ni系めっき層17とSn系はんだ15、16との界面には、(Cu、Ni)6Sn5からなり1.2~4.0μmの層厚を有する界面反応抑制層8が形成される。これにより、はんだとの接合部界面の劣化を抑制し、半導体素子の割れを防止できる。
Claims (9)
- 半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子の第一の面とSn-Cu系はんだを介して接合された第一の導体と、
前記半導体素子の第二の面とSn-Ag-Cu系はんだを介して接合された第二の導体と、を備えた半導体装置において、
前記第一の導体の前記Sn-Cu系はんだと対向する面と、前記第二の導体の前記Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだと対向する面と、前記半導体素子の前記第一の面および前記第二の面とに、Ni系めっき層がそれぞれ形成され、
前記Ni系めっき層と前記Sn-Cu系はんだとの界面、および前記Ni系めっき層と前記Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだとの界面には、(Cu、Ni)6Sn5からなり1.2~4.0μmの層厚を有する界面反応抑制層がそれぞれ形成されている半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置において、
前記界面反応抑制層の層厚は、1.4~3.2μmである半導体装置。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置において、
前記Sn-Cu系はんだと前記Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだとの少なくとも一方に、Cu部材が配合された半導体装置。 - 請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置において、
前記第一の導体はエミッタ側の導体であり、
前記第二の導体はコレクタ側の導体であり、
前記エミッタ側の導体と前記半導体素子の前記第一の面との間における前記Sn-Cu系はんだと前記界面反応抑制層とにより構成されるエミッタ側のはんだ接合部は、前記コレクタ側の導体と前記半導体素子の前記第二の面との間における前記Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだと前記界面反応抑制層とにより構成されるコレクタ側のはんだ接合部よりも厚い半導体装置。 - 請求項4に記載の半導体装置において、
前記エミッタ側のはんだ接合部の厚さは120~200μm、前記コレクタ側のはんだ接合部の厚さは70~100μmである半導体装置。 - 請求項4に記載の半導体装置において、
前記Sn-Cu系はんだは、Cu含有率2mass%以上であり、Agを含まない半導体装置。 - 請求項4に記載の半導体装置において、
前記Sn-Ag-Cu系はんだは、Cu含有率2mass%以上であり、Agを2~4mass%含む半導体装置。 - コレクタ側のリードフレームにNiめっき層を形成し、
前記Niめっき層の上に、Cu部材を配合したCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Ag-Cu系はんだを供給して半導体素子を接合し、
前記半導体素子の上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Cu系はんだを供給し、Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを施したエミッタ側のリードフレームを接合する半導体装置の製造方法。 - コレクタ側のリードフレームにNiめっき層を形成し、
前記Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを形成し、
前記Cuめっきの上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Ag-Cu系はんだを供給して半導体素子を接合し、
前記半導体素子の上にCu含有率が1.5mass%以上のSn-Cu系はんだを供給し、Niめっき層の上にCuめっきを施したエミッタ側のリードフレームを接合する半導体装置の製造方法。
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