JP7417477B2 - Concrete placement equipment and concrete placement method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a concrete pouring device for pouring concrete into a space between the inner peripheral surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the inner peripheral surface (so-called lining space), and a concrete pouring device. Regarding the method.

As this type of concrete placing apparatus and concrete placing method, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. The lining concrete placement device described in Patent Document 1 includes a formwork, a concrete pump, a concrete flow divider, and a plurality of placement pipes. The formwork is provided with a plurality of pouring ports for pouring concrete into the lining space. The concrete pump pumps concrete, and the concrete flow divider individually connects the concrete pump and one pouring pipe selected from a plurality of pouring pipes. Each of the plurality of pouring pipes is individually laid from the concrete flow divider to the corresponding pouring opening. In other words, a pouring pipe is laid from the concrete flow divider to the corresponding pouring hole for each pouring hole. The pouring pipes used for pouring concrete are sequentially switched by a concrete flow divider.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-112769

However, in the lining concrete pouring device described in Patent Document 1, each pouring pipe is used as a dedicated pipe for the corresponding pouring opening, so it is difficult to switch the pouring pipe used for concrete pouring. At the same time, pouring pipes are generated that have finished their role in pouring concrete. As a result, a large amount of concrete (residual concrete) remains in the pouring pipe which has finished its role of pouring. Therefore, a large amount of concrete (waste concrete) that is not poured into the lining space and is discarded every time the pouring pipe is changed may be generated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete placing device and a concrete placing method that can reduce the amount of waste concrete.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a concrete pouring device for pouring concrete into a space between the inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork opposed thereto. This concrete placing device includes a plurality of pouring ports, a storage container capable of storing the concrete, a concrete pump, a main concrete flow path, a first concrete flow path, a second concrete flow path, and a main switching channel. The apparatus includes a device, a first switching device, and a second switching device. The plurality of pouring holes are provided in the formwork at intervals at least in the vertical direction and are used for pouring concrete into the space. The main concrete flow path has one end connected to the concrete pump. The first concrete flow path extends sequentially from a lower side to a higher side through a group of first pouring holes located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes. The second concrete flow passage extends sequentially from a lower side to a higher side through a group of second pouring holes located on the other side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes. The main switching device can selectively switch the connection destination of the other end of the main concrete flow path between the first concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path. The first switching device is provided at a portion of the first concrete flow path that corresponds to the pouring opening. The first switching device connects a connection destination of a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path to the corresponding pouring opening and the first switching device in the first concrete flow path. It is possible to selectively switch between higher-level flow paths. The second switching device is provided at a portion of the second concrete flow path that corresponds to the pouring opening. The second switching device connects a connection destination of a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path to the corresponding pouring opening and the second switching device in the second concrete flow path. It is possible to selectively switch between higher-level flow paths. The first switching device and the second switching device each have a shutter portion in the corresponding casting opening that can close the casting opening.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a plurality of pouring holes are provided in the space between the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel and the arch-shaped formwork opposed thereto at intervals at least in the vertical direction in the formwork. Provided is a concrete placing method for placing concrete through the concrete. This concrete pouring method includes: a first concrete flow path that sequentially passes through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes from a lower side to a higher side; a step of laying a second concrete flow path passing through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes in order from the lower side to the higher side; Using a first switching device provided at a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, a connection destination of a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path is determined. a step of selectively switching between the pouring port and a flow path higher than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path, and a step of selectively switching between the pouring port and a flow path higher than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path; Using the provided second switching device, the connection destination of a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path is changed between the corresponding pouring opening and the second switching device in the second concrete flow path. selectively switching between the flow path and the flow path at a higher level than the device. The switching step using the first switching device is performed in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path is switched to the high-level flow path using a shutter section provided in the first switching device. Close the pouring opening. The switching step using the second switching device is performed in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path is switched to the high-level flow path using a shutter section provided in the second switching device. Close the pouring opening.

According to the concrete placing device according to the one aspect and the concrete pouring method according to the other aspect, the first concrete flow path passes through the first pouring port group continuously from the lower side to the higher side. The second concrete flow path extends continuously through the second pouring port group in order from the lower side to the higher side. Then, in the first concrete distribution path (the second concrete distribution path), connect the connection destinations of the lower distribution path in order from the lowest first switching device (the second switching device) to the corresponding pouring device. It is possible to switch from the opening to the high-level flow path and to close the corresponding pouring opening by the shutter portion. By performing the switching in order from the first switching device (the second switching device) at the lowest position in this way, the pouring openings used for pouring concrete into the space can be sequentially switched to those at higher positions. can. In the first concrete flow path (the second concrete flow path), a portion that communicates with the space and can lead concrete to the space (that is, a portion that substantially functions as a concrete flow path) is provided. , each time the pouring opening is switched, it is gradually extended upward. Further, on each of one side wall side and the other side wall side of the formwork, the concrete is distributed in one system of flow paths (that is, as the substantially flow path in the first concrete flow path or the second concrete flow path). It is press-fitted into the space via the functional part) and is guided upward in the space. Even if the pouring opening is switched, the lower flow path for each first switching device (each second switching device) remains in communication with the space via the higher pouring opening. Moreover, it functions as the above-mentioned substantial flow path for guiding concrete into the space. Therefore, the concrete remaining in the lower flow path (residual concrete) each time the pouring port is switched is not discarded but is guided to the space and is effectively used for pouring concrete into the space. It can be done.

In this way, it is possible to provide a concrete placing device and a concrete placing method that can reduce the amount of waste concrete.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concrete placing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a concrete distribution route in the concrete placing device. It is another conceptual diagram for explaining the distribution route of concrete. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the structure of a storage container, a concrete pump, and a main switching device of the concrete placing device. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating operation|movement of the said main switching device and the said concrete pump. It is sectional drawing of the 1st switching device and the 2nd switching device of the said concrete placement apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the state (1st state) of the said 1st switching device and the said 2nd switching device. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining another state (second state) of the first switching device and the second switching device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a concrete placing device and a concrete placing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concrete placing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is also a cross-sectional view of a tunnel viewed toward the tunnel face. 2 and 3 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the concrete distribution route of the concrete placement device 100. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the concrete placement device 100, and FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the concrete placement device 100. It is also a top view.

The tunnel of this embodiment is a mountain tunnel. As shown in FIG. 1, shotcrete 2 for primary support is sprayed onto the inner circumferential surface (in other words, the inner circumferential surface of the ground) 1 of a tunnel excavated by an excavator, blasting, or the like. Then, an arch-shaped formwork 3 is arranged so as to face this inner circumferential surface 1 (more specifically, the shotcrete 2), and between the inner circumferential surface 1 and the formwork 3 that faces this, a formwork 3 is used for pouring concrete. A lining space S is formed. The concrete pouring device 100 is a device that pours concrete into this lining space S.

The concrete placement device 100 includes a plurality of pouring ports 3a provided in the formwork 3, a storage container 10, a concrete pump 20, a main concrete flow path 30, a first concrete flow path 30A, and a second concrete flow path. 30B, a main switching device 40, a first switching device 50A, and a second switching device 50B.

As shown in FIG. 2, the formwork 3 is configured by connecting a plurality of formwork members (seven in the figure) having a predetermined width (for example, 1.5m) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to form one span (for example, 10.5m). be done. Although each formwork member is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction, the division boundaries of the formwork 3 in the circumferential direction are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 for the sake of simplification. Furthermore, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rails 6 and gantry cars 7, which will be described later, are not shown. The one-span formwork 3 is composed of seven formwork members 3A to 3G, and the lining space S is formed between the inner peripheral surface 1 and the one-span formwork 3. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of reinforcing members 3c extending in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are provided inside the formwork 3 at intervals in the vertical direction (see FIGS. 6 to 8 described later).

The formwork 3 is provided with openings 3b, such as inspection windows, at a plurality of locations spaced apart in the vertical direction (in other words, the circumferential direction) and in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Each opening 3b (excluding the opening 3b used as a pouring opening 3a to be described later) is provided with a removable panel (not shown) for closing the opening. In the figure, in each of the formwork members 3A to 3G, openings 3b are provided at five locations on one side in the tunnel width direction, and are also provided at one location at the top of the formwork 3 (in other words, the top end). There is. Therefore, the openings 3b are provided at 11 locations around the entire circumference of each formwork member 3A to 3G. In addition, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the tunnel entrance side (lap side) of the lining space S is blocked by the preceding (existing) lining concrete C, and the face side end (gable side) of the lining space S is blocked by the preceding (existing) lining concrete C. ) is closed by gable formwork 4. To arrange the formwork 3, a gate-shaped gantry vehicle 7 is used that is movable on rails 6 laid on the tunnel bottom surface 5 along the tunnel longitudinal direction. The gantry vehicle 7 is a truck for supporting the formwork 3 and moving the formwork 3 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and is configured to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. A plurality of jacks 71 to 74 are attached to the gantry car 7. Each of the formwork members 3A to 3G is connected and fixed to the gantry vehicle 7 via a plurality of jacks 71 to 74. Each of the mold members 3A to 3G of the mold 3 is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction, as described above. The circumferentially adjacent members of each of the formwork members 3A to 3G are hinged to each other, and each of the formwork members 3A to 3G can be expanded or contracted in diameter by a plurality of jacks 71 to 74.

The plurality of pouring ports 3a in the concrete pouring device 100 are provided at intervals at least in the vertical direction in the formwork 3 and are used for pouring concrete into the lining space S. In this embodiment, the pouring opening 3a is selected from among the plurality of openings 3b. As the concrete, it is preferable to use highly fluid medium-flowing concrete that has high material separation resistance and filling properties.

Specifically, the casting openings 3a for one side wall side of the formwork 3, the other sidewall side, and the top of the formwork 3 are appropriately selected from among the plurality of openings 3b. That is, some of the plurality of openings 3b are used as the pouring opening 3a. In this embodiment, ten openings 3b provided at locations other than the top of the central formwork member 3D and an opening 3b at the top of the formwork member 3A adjacent to the preceding lining concrete C are It is selected in advance as the mouth 3a. In the following, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, among the plurality of pouring holes 3a, those located on one side wall side of the formwork 3 are referred to as a first pouring hole group 301. Among the pouring holes 3a, those located on the other side wall side of the formwork 3 are called a second pouring hole group 302, and among the plurality of pouring holes 3a, those provided at the top of the formwork 3 are called top pouring holes. Call it 303. In this embodiment, there is one top pouring port 303, and it is located near the tunnel entrance in the formwork 3. In addition, in this embodiment, one side wall side of the formwork 3 is the right side wall of the formwork 3 when viewed toward the face, and the other side wall side of the formwork 3 is the right side wall when viewed toward the face. It is assumed that this is the left side wall of formwork 3. Further, the top pouring port 303 only needs to be provided closest to the top side of the formwork 3 among the plurality of pouring ports 3a, and it is not strictly necessary to be located at the highest part (that is, the top) of the formwork 3. You don't have to.

The storage container 10 is a container capable of storing concrete, and is formed into a box shape with an open top, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 . At the bottom of the storage container 10, as shown in FIG. 4, which will be described later, a first port 11a on the container side and a second port 11b on the container side are provided as an inlet/outlet for concrete.

The concrete pump 20 is a pump capable of performing a discharge operation of sucking and discharging concrete in the storage container 10. In other words, through the discharge operation, the concrete pump 20 forces and guides concrete from the storage container 10 side toward the main switching device 40 side, which will be described later. In this embodiment, the concrete pump 20 is configured to be able to selectively perform the discharge operation and the suction operation. In the suction operation, the concrete pump 20 sucks and guides concrete from the main switching device 40 side toward the storage container 10 side, contrary to the discharge operation. Note that the structure of the concrete pump 20 will be described in detail later.

The main concrete flow path 30 is a concrete flow path, and has one end 31 connected to the storage container 10 and the other end 32 connected to the main switching device 40, as shown in FIG. 4 described later. However, it is formed using appropriate piping members. Although not particularly limited, the part of the main concrete flow path 30 on the concrete pump 20 side is laid so as to extend between the storage container 10 and the tunnel bottom 5, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. There is.

The first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B are each a concrete flow path, and are formed using appropriate piping members. The first concrete flow path 30A extends along the inner surface of the formwork 3 on one side wall side (right side wall side) of the formwork 3 so as to pass through the first pouring port group 301 in order from the lower side to the higher side. Exists. The second concrete flow path 30B extends along the inner surface of the formwork 3 on the other side wall side (left side wall side) of the formwork 3 so as to pass through the second pouring port group 302 in order from the lower side to the higher side. Exists. The inner surface of the formwork 3 is the surface opposite to the surface of the formwork 3 on the lining space S side, and the outer surface of the formwork 3 is the surface on the lining space S side (in other words, the surface in contact with the concrete). . Here, when the concrete pump 20 is used as a reference, the "lower level" is the upstream side, and the "higher level" is the downstream side.

The base end 30A1 (see FIG. 4 described later) is the upstream end of the first concrete flow path 30A, and the base end 30B1 (see FIG. 4 described later) is the upstream end of the second concrete flow path 30B. , are connected to the main switching device 40, respectively. In the following, when it is necessary to distinguish between each of the pouring holes 3a that constitutes the first pouring hole group 301 and each of the pouring holes 3a that constitutes the second pouring hole group 302, each flow path will be described. Regarding the five pouring holes 3a from the upstream side (lower side) in (30A, 30B), in order from the upstream side (lower side), the first pouring hole 3a1, the second pouring hole 3a2, the third pouring hole 3a3, They are referred to as a fourth pouring hole 3a4 and a fifth pouring hole 3a5. Further, the respective heights from the tunnel bottom surface 5 of each pouring hole 3a constituting the first pouring hole group 301 are the respective heights from the tunnel bottom surface 5 of each pouring hole 3a constituting the second pouring hole group 302. The heights of each match.

In this embodiment, the concrete pouring device 100 further includes a top concrete flow passage 30C extending from the upper end of the first concrete flow passage 30A or the upper end of the second concrete flow passage 30B to the top pouring port 303. Although not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the top concrete flow path 30C extends from the upper end of the first concrete flow path 30A. Specifically, the top concrete flow path 30C bends back from the upper end of the first concrete flow path 30A toward the mine entrance, and connects the fifth pouring port 3a5 and the top pouring port 303. There is.

4 and 5 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the structure and operation of the main switching device 40 and the concrete pump 20. 5A to 5D, examples of changes in the state of the concrete pump 20 are sequentially shown.

The main switching device 40 connects the other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 between the first concrete flow path 30A (base end 30A1) and the second concrete flow path 30B (base end 30B1). It is configured so that it can be selectively switched between. Specifically, the main switching device 40 includes, for example, a flexible main switching pipe 41 and a holding section (not shown). The main switching pipe 41 can be connected to one end connected to the other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 and to the base end 30A1 of the first concrete flow path 30A or the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B. and the other end. The holding portion of the main switching device 40 holds the other end of the main switching pipe 41 swingably between the base end 30A1 of the first concrete flow path 30A and the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B. do.

Although not shown, the concrete placing apparatus 100 has a control section that centrally controls the operation of the entire apparatus. In this embodiment, the main switching device 40 further includes a drive section that swings the holding section. The operation of the drive section of the main switching device 40 is controlled by the control section. That is, the main switching device 40 connects the other end of the main switching pipe 41 to the base end 30A1 of the first concrete flow path 30A, as shown by the solid line in FIGS. 4 and 5(a) to 5(d). a connected state, and a state where the other end of the main switching pipe 41 is connected to the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B, as shown by the broken line in FIGS. 4 and 5(a) to 5(d). The operation of the drive section of the main switching device 40 is controlled by the control section so as to switch between the two modes.

In this embodiment, the concrete pump 20 has a fixed plate 21, a movable plate 22, and a piston unit 23 that can suck in concrete and discharge the sucked concrete, as shown in FIG.

The fixed plate 21 is a plate provided so as to face the side wall of the storage container 10. Three openings are formed in the fixed plate 21 at equal pitches in the longitudinal direction. A first pump-side port 21a, a second pump-side port 21b, and an intermediate port 21c are provided on the end surface of the fixed plate 21 on the storage container 10 side, corresponding to the three openings. The pump-side first port 21a is connected to the container-side first port 11a, the pump-side second port 21b is connected to the container-side second port 11b, and the intermediate port 21c is connected to one end of the main concrete flow path 30 (upstream end). section). The intermediate port 21c is located between the pump-side first port 21a and the pump-side second port 21b.

The movable plate 22 is a plate attached to the fixed plate 21 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction (in the vertical direction in FIG. 4) along the end surface of the fixed plate 21 on the side opposite to the storage container 10. The length of the movable plate 22 in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 4) is longer than the length of the fixed plate 21 in the longitudinal direction. Further, the movable plate 22 is provided with two openings at the same pitch as the openings of the fixed plate 21. Although not shown, the concrete pump 20 further includes a sliding drive section that slides the movable plate 22 along the fixed plate 21 in the longitudinal direction. The operation of the sliding drive section of the concrete pump 20 is controlled by the control section.

The piston unit 23 includes a cylindrical first cylinder section 231, a rod-shaped first piston section 232 that can reciprocate within the first cylinder section 231, and a cylindrical first piston section 232 that is provided in parallel with the first cylinder section 231. It has a second cylinder part 233 and a rod-shaped second piston part 234 that can reciprocate within the second cylinder part 233. The first cylinder part 231 and the second cylinder part 233 are each fixed to an end surface of the movable plate 22 on the opposite side to the fixed plate 21. Specifically, the open end of the first cylinder portion 231 is fixed to a portion of the movable plate 22 that corresponds to one opening, and the open end of the second cylinder portion 233 corresponds to the other opening of the movable plate 22. fixed to the part. The first piston part 232 and the second piston part 234 can be reciprocated within the corresponding cylinders (231, 233) by, for example, hydraulic pressure (or compressed air) from a hydraulic unit (or compressed air unit) not shown. It is composed of Specifically, the hydraulic unit (or The operation of the compressed air unit) is controlled by the control section.

Next, the discharge operation and the suction operation of the concrete pump 20 will be described in detail.

First, the discharge operation of the concrete pump 20 will be explained with reference to FIG. 4 and FIGS. 5(a) to 5(d). Here, in the state shown in FIG. 5(a) (and FIG. 5(d)), the first cylinder portion 231 is located at a location corresponding to the pump-side first port 21a, and the second cylinder portion 233 is located at a location corresponding to the intermediate port 21c. It is located at a location corresponding to In this state, the space inside the first cylinder part 231 is connected to the storage container 10 via the opening of the movable plate 22, the opening of the fixed plate 21, the pump-side first port 21a, and the container-side first port 11a. The space inside the second cylinder part 233 communicates with the main concrete flow path 30 via the opening of the movable plate 22, the opening of the fixed plate 21, and the intermediate port 21c. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the first piston part 232 moves away from the movable plate 22 and the second piston part 234 moves towards the movable plate 22, the concrete in the storage container 10 is sucked into the first cylinder part 231, and at the same time, the concrete in the second cylinder part 233 is discharged and pumped to the main switching device 40 side. In other words, concrete is guided from the storage container 10 side toward the main switching device 40 side. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the movable plate 22 moves the sliding portion until the first cylinder portion 231 is aligned with the intermediate port 21c and the second cylinder portion 233 is aligned with the pump-side second port 21b. It is moved by a dynamic drive.

In the state shown in FIG. 5(b) (and FIG. 5(c)), the first cylinder portion 231 is located at a location corresponding to the intermediate port 21c, and the second cylinder portion 233 is located at a location corresponding to the pump side second port 21b. located in the spot. In this state, the space inside the first cylinder part 231 communicates with the main concrete flow path 30 via the opening of the movable plate 22, the opening of the fixed plate 21, and the intermediate port 21c, and the space inside the second cylinder part 233 The space communicates with the internal space of the storage container 10 via the opening of the movable plate 22, the opening of the fixed plate 21, the pump-side second port 21b, and the container-side second port 11b. In other words, in this embodiment, the main concrete flow path 30 communicates with the internal space of the storage container 10 via the container-side first port 11a (the state shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(d)). and a state of communicating with the internal space of the storage container 10 via the container-side second port 11b ((states shown in FIGS. 5(b) and 5(c))).

Then, from the state shown in FIG. 5(b), when the first piston portion 232 moves in the direction approaching the movable plate 22 and the second piston portion 234 moves in the direction away from the movable plate 22, the state shown in FIG. 5(c) occurs. As shown, the concrete in the first cylinder part 231 is discharged and pressure-fed to the main switching device 40 side, and the concrete in the storage container 10 is sucked into the second cylinder part 233. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5(d), the movable plate 22 moves the sliding portion until the first cylinder portion 231 is aligned with the pump-side first port 21a and the second cylinder portion 233 is aligned with the intermediate port 21c. It is moved by a dynamic drive. This returns to the connection state shown in FIG. 5(a). Thereafter, the concrete pump 20 repeats the operations shown in FIGS. 5(a) to 5(d) to intermittently perform the above-mentioned discharge operation for guiding concrete from the storage container 10 side toward the main switching device 40 side. Execute.

Next, the suction operation of the concrete pump 20 will be explained. The only difference between the suction operation and the discharge operation is that the moving directions of the first piston part 232 and the second piston part 234 in each connected state are reversed. That is, in the suction operation, in the connected state shown in FIG. The first piston part 232 and the second piston part 234 are driven by a hydraulic unit (or compressed air unit) to move away from the plate 22. At this time, the concrete in the first cylinder part 231 is discharged to the storage container 10 side, and the concrete from the main switching device 40 side is sucked into the second cylinder part 233. In the suction operation, in the connected state shown in FIG. 5(c), the first piston part 232 moves in the direction away from the movable plate 22, and the second piston part 234 moves, contrary to the discharge operation. The first piston part 232 and the second piston part 234 are driven by a hydraulic unit (or compressed air unit) so as to move in a direction approaching the plate 22. At this time, the concrete from the main switching device 40 side is sucked into the first cylinder part 231, and the concrete in the second cylinder part 233 is discharged to the storage container 10 side. By repeating the above operation, the concrete pump 20 intermittently performs the suction operation that guides concrete from the main switching device 40 side toward the storage container 10 side.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B. That is, in this embodiment, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B have the same structure.

The first switching device 50A is provided at a portion corresponding to the pouring port 3a in the first concrete flow path 30A (in other words, a portion corresponding to each pouring port 3a forming the first pouring port group 301). . The second switching device 50B is provided at a portion corresponding to the pouring port 3a in the second concrete flow path 30B (in other words, a portion corresponding to each pouring port 3a forming the second pouring port group 302). .

Specifically, the first switching device 50A is located at a position on the inner peripheral surface side of the formwork 3 corresponding to the first pouring port three a1 to the fifth pouring port three a5 in the first concrete flow path 30A, respectively. It is interposed in the middle of this first concrete flow path 30A. Moreover, in this embodiment, the first switching device 50A is also provided at a portion on the inner circumferential surface side of the formwork 3 corresponding to the top casting opening 303 in the top concrete flow path 30C. Then, the second switching device 50B operates the second switching device at a position on the inner peripheral surface side of the formwork 3 corresponding to the first pouring port three a1 to the fifth pouring port three a5 in the second concrete flow path 30B. It is interposed in the middle of the concrete flow path 30B.

Each first switching device 50A connects the connection destination of a flow path (below, referred to as a low flow path 30a1) lower than the first switching device 50A in the first concrete flow path 30A to the corresponding pouring port 3a. and a flow path higher (above) than the first switching device 50A in the first concrete flow path 30A (hereinafter referred to as a high flow path 30a2). Similarly, each second switching device 50B connects the connection destination of a lower (lower) flow path than the second concrete flow path 30B (hereinafter referred to as low flow path 30b1) to the corresponding concrete flow path 30B. It is configured to be able to selectively switch between the installation opening 3a and a flow path higher (above) the second switching device 50B in the second concrete flow path 30B (hereinafter referred to as a higher flow path 30b2).

Each of the first switching devices 50A has a shutter portion 60A in the corresponding pouring hole 3a that can close the pouring hole 3a. The shutter portion 60A is configured to close the casting opening 3a in a state where the connection destination of the low flow path 30a1 is switched to the high flow path 30a2. Similarly, each second switching device 50B has a shutter portion 60B that can close the corresponding casting opening 3a when the connection destination of the low flow path 30b1 is switched to the high flow path 30b2. The shutter portion 60B is configured to close the casting opening 3a in a state where the connection destination of the low flow path 30b1 is switched to the high flow path 30b2. In other words, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B are provided so as to cover the corresponding pouring openings 3a, and are devices that switch the supply destination of the concrete flowing into the device, and the corresponding pouring holes 3a. It has a function of opening and closing the opening 3a. In this embodiment, the shutter parts 60A and 60B are each constituted by a rotating body 51, which will be described later.

7 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the states of the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B, respectively. FIG. 7 shows the first state described later, and FIG. 8 shows the second state described later. Indicates the condition. In FIGS. 7 and 8, the left diagrams (FIGS. 7(A) and 8(A)) show main part cross-sectional views in each state, and the right diagrams (FIGS. 7(B) and 8(B)) ) are shown in the open and closed states of the pouring hole 3a in each state as seen directly facing the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3. Note that FIG. 6 shows the first state.

The first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B switch between the first state and the second state, respectively, to connect the low-level flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 (in other words, the concrete flowing into the inside of the switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B). supply destination).

Specifically, in the first state, the first switching device 50A connects the lower flow path 30a1 and the corresponding pouring port 3a (specifically, the pouring port 3a covered by the first switching device 50A), and The second switching device 50B cuts off the connection between the low flow path 30a1 and the high flow path 30a2, and the second switching device 50B connects the pouring port 3a corresponding to the low flow path 30b1 (specifically, the pouring port 3a covered by the second switching device 50B). At the same time, the connection between the lower flow passage 30b1 and the higher flow passage 30b2 is cut off. In the first state, the corresponding pouring port 3a of the first switching device 50A and the corresponding pouring port 3a of the second switching device 50B are open to the lining space S. In addition, in the second state, the first switching device 50A disconnects the lower flow path 30a1 and the corresponding pouring port 3a, connects the lower flow path 30a1 and the higher flow path 30a2, and the second switching device 50B cuts off the connection between the lower flow passage 30b1 and the corresponding casting opening 3a, and connects the lower flow passage 30b1 and the higher flow passage 30b2. In the second state, the first switching device 50A closes the corresponding pouring hole 3a with the shutter portion 60A, and the second switching device 50B closes the corresponding pouring hole 3a with the shutter portion 60B (as described above). In the first state, the shutter portion 60A of the first switching device 50A opens the corresponding pouring hole 3a, and the shutter portion 60B of the second switching device 50B opens the corresponding pouring hole 3a). In this way, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B have the function of switching the connection destination of the low-level flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 (the supply destination of the concrete flowing into the inside of the device), and the function of switching the connection destination of the low-level flow passages 30a1 and 30b1, and the function of switching the connection destination of the low-level flow passages 30a1 and 30b1, and It has the function of opening and closing. Note that the high-level flow path 30a2 does not exist above the first switching device 50A corresponding to the top pouring port 303, and the high-level flow path 30a2 does not exist above the second switching device 50B corresponding to the fifth pouring port 3a5. does not exist. Therefore, in the second state of the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B, the lower flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 are opened to the space inside the formwork 3.

Returning to FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B each include a rotating body 51, a housing 52, an inlet port 53, a first outlet port 54, and a second outlet. The port 55 is configured to include a port 55. The first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B are attached to the inner surface side of the formwork 3, for example, in a state where they are in contact with the opening periphery of the corresponding pouring port 3a from inside the formwork 3.

The rotating body 51 is a member that is rotatably supported and has an internal passage 51a through which concrete flows.

In this embodiment, the rotating body 51 extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, is rotatably supported within a storage chamber 52a (described later) of the housing 52, and has an arcuate outer circumferential surface centered on the axis O of the rotation. 51b on a part of the circumferential surface. Moreover, in this embodiment, the rotating body 51 has an end surface 51c that connects both ends of the arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b. Both ends of the internal passage 51a are opened at positions corresponding to the relative angles between the ports (53, 54, 55) about the axis O on the arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b. The rotating body 51 is formed as a generally cylindrical hollow body that is closed at both ends and has a cutout surface as a flat end surface 51c on a part of its outer periphery. Although not shown, rotating shafts are provided on both ends of the rotating body 51, and these rotating shafts are rotatably supported via bearings (not shown) provided in the housing 52. . Further, the rotation shaft further protrudes from the end surface of the housing 52, and is rotated by a rotation drive unit such as an electric motor. For example, the rotational drive unit is configured to be able to switch the rotational direction of the rotational shaft between normal rotation and reverse rotation, and to be able to stop at the rotational angular position of the first state and the second state. ing.

In this embodiment, the end surface 51c is formed at a position that coincides with the surface of the formwork 3 on the lining space S side (in other words, the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3) in the second state (see FIG. 8). ing. The outer surface 3d of the formwork 3 is formed as a curved surface with a predetermined radius of curvature, but when viewed from a narrow angle range corresponding to the end surface 51c, it is a generally flat surface. It is formed. Note that the present invention is not limited to this, and the end surface 51c may be formed in a curved shape having a radius of curvature corresponding to the radius of curvature of the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3.

In this embodiment, the end surface 51c is formed to match the opening shape of the casting opening 3a. Each opening 3b has, for example, a rectangular shape with sides parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the opening 3b that is not selected as the pouring opening 3a has a Panel is installed. The pouring opening 3a has a rectangular opening when viewed directly from the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3. That is, in this embodiment, the end surface 51c is formed in a rectangular shape having vertical and horizontal dimensions matching the opening dimensions of the rectangular casting opening 3a when viewed from directly opposite the end surface 51c.

The housing 52 is a member that has an accommodation chamber 52a inside which accommodates the rotating body 51. The housing 52 is, for example, formed of an integral member with the first outlet port 54. The storage chamber 52a is formed as a space surrounded by an arcuate inner circumferential surface 52a1 having a radius of curvature approximately matching the radius of curvature of the arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b. A slight gap is provided between the arcuate inner circumferential surface 52a1 of the storage chamber 52a and the arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b of the rotating body 51. Although not shown, for example, the opening periphery of a through hole for attaching an inlet port 53, which will be described later, on the arcuate inner circumferential surface 52a1 of the storage chamber 52a, or the opening periphery of a through hole for attaching an inlet port 53, which will be described later, or the inner surface 54a of the first outlet port 54 on the casting port 3a side. A sealing member is provided at the portion to fill the gap.

The inlet port 53 has one end connected to the lower flow passages 30a1 and 30b1, and the other end opened to the storage chamber 52a. The concrete that has passed through the lower flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 flows into the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B via the inlet port 53. The inlet port 53 is, for example, formed of a separate member from the housing 52 and welded to the housing 52. The inlet port 53 is made of a cylindrical member, and has a flange portion 53a at the one end thereof for connection to the lower flow passages 30a1 and 30b1. The inlet port 53 extends, for example, so that its flow path center axis X1 passes through the axis O of the rotating body 51 and further away from the formwork 3 toward the bottom. The other end of the inlet port 53 slightly protrudes inside the storage chamber 52a from the arcuate inner peripheral surface 52a1 of the storage chamber 52a, and is processed into a shape that matches the curved surface of the arcuate outer peripheral surface 51b of the rotating body 51. ing.

The first outlet port 54 has one end opened to the storage chamber 52a and the other end connected to the casting port 3a. The concrete that has flowed into the first switching device 50A (or the second switching device 50B) can flow into the lining space S via the first outlet port 54 and the pouring port 3a. The first outlet port 54 is, for example, formed integrally with the housing 52. The inner surface 54a of the first outlet port 54 is a surface continuous with the arcuate inner circumferential surface 52a1 of the storage chamber 52a. The first outlet port 54 extends, for example, so that its flow path center axis X2 passes through the intersection of the axis O of the rotating body 51 and the flow path center axis X1 of the inlet port 53. The other end of the first outlet port 54 has an abutting end surface 54b that abuts against the opening periphery of the casting opening 3a on the inner surface of the formwork 3. The distance from this contact end surface 54b to the axis O of the rotating body 51 is set to be shorter than the arc radius of the circular arc outer peripheral surface 51b of the rotating body 51. Further, the distance obtained by adding the thickness t of the thin plate 3e of the formwork 3 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) to the distance from the abutting end surface 54b of the first outlet port 54 to the axis O of the rotating body 51 is This corresponds to the distance from the end surface 51c of the moving body 51 to the axis O of the rotating body 51. Thereby, the end surface 51c becomes flush with the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3 in the second state (see FIG. 5).

In the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B, the contact end surface 54b of the first outlet port 54 integrally formed with the housing 52 is in contact with the opening peripheral portion of the casting opening 3a.

The second outlet port 55 has one end opened to the storage chamber 52a and the other end connected to the high-level flow passages 30a2 and 30b2. The concrete that has flowed into the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B can flow out into the higher flow passages 30a2 and 30b2 via the second outlet port 55. The second outlet port 55 is, for example, formed of a separate member from the housing 52 and welded to the housing 52. The second outlet port 55 is made of a cylindrical member, and has a flange portion 55a at the other end for connection to the high-level flow passages 30a2 and 30b2. The second outlet port 55 extends, for example, so that its flow path center axis X3 passes through the axis O of the rotating body 51 and is further away from the formwork 3 as it goes upward. The one end of the second outlet port 55 slightly protrudes inward from the arcuate inner circumferential surface 52a1 of the accommodation chamber 52a, and has a shape that matches the curved surface of the arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b of the rotating body 51. It is processed into.

The flow path center axis X1 of the inlet port 53, the flow path center axis X2 of the first outlet port 54, and the flow path center axis X3 of the second outlet port 55 are at an angle of 120° from each other on the same virtual plane. They intersect at an angle. Also, a straight line that is orthogonal to the axis O of the rotating body 51 and connects the center of the opening at one end of the internal passage 51a, and a straight line that is orthogonal to the axis O of the rotating body 51 and connects the center of the opening at the other end of the internal passage 51a. The interior angle between the center and the straight line is set to be 120°. In the first state, the rotating body 51 is located in the lining space S with its arcuate outer circumferential surface 51b extending beyond the abutting end surface 54b of the first outlet port 54 and the casting opening 3a. That is, in the first state (see FIGS. 6 and 7), one end of the internal passage 51a is connected to the first outlet port 54, and the open end of one end of the internal passage 51a is connected to the first outlet port 54. 54 and is located in the lining space S beyond the pouring opening 3a.

In this way, the rotating body 51 is rotated to connect the inlet port 53 and the first outlet port 54 through the internal passage 51a, and to cut off the connection between the inlet port 53 and the second outlet port 55. , the first state (see FIGS. 6 and 7) is reached, and the rotating body 51 is rotated to cut off the connection between the inlet port 53 and the first outlet port 54, and to disconnect the inlet port 53 and the second outlet port. 55 constitutes a first switching device 50A and a second switching device 50B which are in the second state (see FIG. 8).

In this embodiment, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B close the corresponding casting openings 3a with the end surface 51c of the rotating body 51 in the second state. That is, in this embodiment, the shutter parts 60A and 60B are each configured by the rotating body 51. The end surfaces 51c of the shutter parts 60A, 60B (rotating body 51) are the surface of the formwork 3 on the lining space S side (in other words, the surface of the formwork 3 It constitutes a part of the outer surface 3d or lining surface). The rotary body 51 constituting each shutter portion 60A, 60B is provided at the pouring hole 3a, and the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B connect the corresponding pouring hole 3a to the corresponding pouring hole 3a. It can be said that they each have shutter parts 60A and 60B that can be closed. Moreover, in this embodiment, each shutter part 60A, 60B is formed integrally with the rotating body 51 in other words.

Next, a concrete placing method using the concrete placing apparatus 100 will be explained. The concrete pouring method is a method of pouring concrete into the lining space S through a plurality of pouring ports 3a using the concrete pouring device 100.

In this embodiment, the concrete placing method includes a flow path laying step A, a first switching step B using the first switching device 50A, a second switching step C using the second switching device 50B, and a tunnel width It includes a left and right pouring process D in which concrete is alternately poured into the side areas of the direction, a residual concrete receiving process E, and a crown pouring process F.

The flow path laying process A is a step of laying the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B. In this embodiment, the flow passage laying step A includes the step of laying a top concrete flow passage 30C extending from the upper end of the first concrete flow passage 30A to the top pouring port 303.

The first switching step B is a step in which the first switching device 50A is used to selectively switch the connection destination of the lower flow path 30a1 between the corresponding pouring port 3a and the higher flow path 30a2. That is, in the first switching step B, the first switching device 50A is selectively switched between the first state (the state shown in FIGS. 6 and 7) and the second state (the state shown in FIG. 8). Then, in the first switching step B, the shutter portion 60A is used to close the corresponding pouring port 3a in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path 30a1 is switched to the high-level flow path 30a2 (the second state).

The second switching step C is a step in which the second switching device 50B is used to selectively switch the connection destination of the lower flow path 30b1 between the corresponding pouring port 3a and the higher flow path 30b2. That is, in the second switching step C, the second switching device 50B is selectively switched between the first state and the second state. Then, in the second switching step C, the shutter portion 60B is used to close the corresponding pouring port 3a in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path 30b1 is switched to the high-level flow path 30b2 (the second state).

In the initial state, each of the first switching devices 50A and each of the second switching devices 50B is, for example, all in the first state (see FIGS. 6 and 7). Then, in the left-right pouring step D, the first switching device 50A switches from the first state to the second state (see FIG. 8) in order from the lowest first switching device 50A to perform the corresponding pouring. The opening 3a is closed by the shutter portion 60A, and similarly, the second switching device 50B switches from the first state to the second state in order from the lowest second switching device 50B, thereby closing the corresponding casting opening. 3a is closed by the shutter section 60B. In this way, by performing the switching in order from the first switching device 50A at the lowest position and performing the switching in order from the second switching device 50B at the lowest position, on each of both sides of the formwork 3, the lining space S is The pouring opening 3a used for pouring concrete is sequentially switched to a higher position. In each of the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B, a portion that communicates with the lining space S and can lead concrete to the lining space S (that is, a substantially concrete flow path (a portion that functions as a pouring hole 3a) is gradually extended upward each time the pouring hole 3a is switched. Note that the timing of switching operations in the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B will be detailed later.

The left and right pouring process D alternates between pouring concrete into the lined space S via the first concrete flow path 30A and pouring concrete into the lined space S via the second concrete flow path 30B. This is a process to be carried out. That is, in the left-right pouring step D, a right-hand pouring step via the first concrete flow path 30A and a left-hand pouring step via the second concrete flow path 30B are alternately repeated. Most of the concrete pouring into this lining space S is performed by this left and right pouring process D, and the concrete pouring into the remaining part (the area of the tunnel crown) is performed by the crown pouring process F. be exposed.

Specifically, in the left-right pouring step D, the concrete pump 20 executes the discharge operation, and the main switching device 40 is used to switch the concrete pouring destination. That is, in the right-hand pouring process, the main switching device 40 connects the other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 to the base end 30A1 of the first concrete flow path 30A, and in the left-hand pouring step, the main switching device 40 The other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 is connected to the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B. Then, in the right pouring process, the concrete is press-fitted into the lining space S via one system of flow paths (that is, the portion of the first concrete flow path 30A that substantially functions as a flow path), It is guided so as to blow up inside the lining space S. Also in the left pouring step, concrete is press-fitted into the lining space S via one system of flow paths (that is, the portion of the second concrete flow path 30B that substantially functions as a flow path), and the concrete is It is guided so that it blows up inside the work space S.

In this embodiment, in each of the left casting process and the right casting process, reciprocating movements of the first piston part 232 and the second piston part 234 are performed a predetermined number of times as one unit of driving operation. . In principle, the main switching device 40 is activated to switch the concrete placement destination at the timing when the concrete pump 20 completes the one-unit placement operation. The timing of this switching is determined by the control section. As a result, the one-unit driving operation in the left-hand driving step and the one-unit driving operation in the right-hand driving step are alternately and repeatedly performed. Although not shown in the drawings, for example, sensors capable of detecting pressure or sensors capable of detecting the presence or absence of concrete are provided at a plurality of locations spaced apart in the circumferential direction, such as on the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3. . In the present embodiment, the control unit may be configured such that, for example, before the one unit of placing operation is completed, the concrete reaches a position higher than the expected placing height according to the one unit of placing operation. When it is detected by the output from the sensor, the main switching device 40 is driven to forcibly switch the concrete placement destination.

Although not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the right casting process is started first. In the right pouring step, when the concrete pump 20 performs the discharge operation, concrete is pumped toward the first pouring port three a1 via the main concrete flow path 30 and the first concrete flow path 30A. Then, the pumped concrete is transferred to the right side of the lining space S through the inlet port 53, the internal passage 51a, the first outlet port 54, and the first pouring port 3a1 of the first switching device 50A at the lowest level. Concrete construction begins within the area. For example, when the one-unit casting operation in the right-hand casting process is completed, the main switching device 40 is activated to switch from the right-hand casting process to the left-hand casting process.

In the first left pouring step, when the concrete pump 20 performs the discharge operation, concrete is pumped toward the first pouring port 3a1 via the main concrete flow path 30 and the second concrete flow path 30B. . Then, the pumped concrete is transferred to the right side of the lining space S through the inlet port 53, the internal passage 51a, the first outlet port 54, and the first pouring port 3a1 of the second switching device 50B at the lowest level. Concrete construction begins within the area. For example, when the one-unit pouring operation in the left pouring step is completed, the main switching device 40 is activated to switch from the left pouring step to the right pouring step. By repeating this, the height of the upper surface of the concrete in the lining space S (placement height) gradually increases.

More specifically, in the rising process of concrete, for example, the concrete in the right region of the lining space S reaches the second pouring port before the concrete in the left region of the lining space S. Reach 3a2. Since the first switching device 50A corresponding to the second pouring port 3a2 remains in its initial state, that is, in the first state, the concrete flows through the open second pouring port 3a2. It flows into a portion between the first pouring port three a1 and the second pouring port three a2 in the first concrete flow path 30A. Then, when the entire area between the first pouring port 3a1 and the second pouring port 3a2 in the first concrete flow path 30A is filled with concrete, the concrete in the right side area of the lining space S is filled with concrete. The upper surface thereof rises to a position higher than the opening height of the second casting opening 3a2. Then, at the timing when the concrete in the right side area of the lining space S is poured to a position higher than the opening height of the second pouring hole 3a2, the first switching device 50A corresponding to the first pouring hole 3a1 is switched from the first state to the second state. The timing of this switching is determined by the control unit based on the output from the sensor provided above and near the second casting opening 3a2. Thereafter, for example, the main switching device 40 is activated to switch from the right-hand pouring process to the left-hand pouring process.

Similarly, in the left pouring process, after the entire area between the first pouring port 3a1 and the second pouring port 3a2 in the second concrete flow path 30B is filled with concrete, the lining space S The upper surface of the concrete in the left side area rises to a position higher than the opening height of the second pouring opening 3a2. Then, at the timing when the concrete in the left side area of the lining space S is poured to a position higher than the opening height of the second pouring hole 3a2, the second switching device 50B corresponding to the first pouring hole 3a1 is switched from the first state to the second state by the control section. Thereafter, for example, the main switching device 40 is activated to switch from the left pouring process to the right pouring process. Thereafter, the first switching device 50A corresponding to the second casting opening 3a2, the second switching device 50B corresponding to the second casting opening 3a2, the first switching device 50A corresponding to the third casting opening 3a3, and the third switching device 50A correspond to the third casting opening 3a3. A second switching device 50B corresponding to the installation opening 3a3, a first switching device 50A corresponding to the fourth installation opening 3a4, a second switching device 50B corresponding to the fourth installation opening 3a4, and a corresponding to the fifth installation opening 3a5. The first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B corresponding to the fifth pouring port 3a5 are similarly switched from the first state to the second state. As a result, the concrete reaches any position higher than the fifth pouring opening 3a5 in the left and right regions of the lining space S, and the left and right pouring process D is completed.

The residual concrete receiving process E is the concrete (residual concrete) remaining in the second concrete flow path 30B where the top concrete flow path 30C is not extended after the concrete placement in the left and right pouring step D has been completed. This is the process of causing the water to flow backwards and receiving it into the storage container 10. In other words, the residual concrete receiving process E is carried out in the one of the first concrete distribution path 30A and the second concrete distribution path 30B in which the top concrete distribution path 30C is not extended (in this embodiment, the second concrete distribution path 30B ) After the final pouring of concrete into the lining space S, the remaining concrete in this flow path (second concrete flow path 30B) is caused to flow back and is received into the storage container 10.

In the residual concrete receiving process E, the main switching device 40 connects the other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 to the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B, and all second switching devices 50B connect the second end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 to the base end 30B1 of the second concrete flow path 30B. is in a state. In this state, the concrete pump 20 performs the suction operation, so that the remaining concrete in the second concrete flow path 30B flows back toward the storage container 10 in the second concrete flow path 30B, and the concrete pump 20 performs the suction operation. accepted within.

The crown pouring step F is a step of pouring concrete containing residual concrete in the second concrete flow path 30B into the tunnel crown region of the lining space S. In other words, in the crown casting process F, concrete containing residual concrete in the second concrete flow path 30B received in the storage container 10 is transferred to the top concrete flow path of the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B. Concrete concrete is poured in the area of the tunnel crown in the lining space S via the channel 30C that extends (in this embodiment, the first concrete channel 30A) and the top concrete channel 30C. It is a process.

In the crown casting process F, the main switching device 40 connects the other end 32 of the main concrete flow path 30 to the base end 30A1 of the first concrete flow path 30A, and connects the highest end corresponding to the top pour opening 303. The first switching device 50A is in the first state, and the first switching device 50A corresponding to the first pouring port group 301 is in the second state. In this state, as the concrete pump 20 executes the discharge operation, the concrete containing the residual concrete received in the storage container 10 is transferred to the main concrete flow path 30, the first concrete flow path 30A, and the top concrete flow path 30C. , and is poured into the region of the tunnel crown via the top pouring port 303. Concrete from the top pouring port 303 flows in one direction through the tunnel crown area from the tunnel entrance side (preceding lining concrete C side) to the face side, and air in the tunnel crown area flows through the gable formwork 4. and shotcrete 2 through a small gap. As a result, concrete placement for the entire lining space S of one span is completed. Thereafter, the formwork 3 is moved to the face side by the gantry vehicle 7, and the next one span of lining space S is formed.

In addition, after the completion of the crown casting process F, the first switching device 50A corresponding to the top casting port 303 is switched to the second state, and in this state, the concrete pump 20 is operated in the suction operation. The residual concrete remaining in the first concrete flow path 30A, the top concrete flow path 30C, and the main concrete flow path 30 can be collected into the storage container 10. The remaining concrete collected in the storage container 10 can be effectively used, for example, for pouring concrete in other construction projects that are underway at the same time.

According to the concrete placing apparatus 100 and the concrete placing method according to this embodiment, even if the casting opening 3a is switched by the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B, each first switching The lower flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 for the device 50A and each second switching device 50B are the substantial flow passages that directly communicate with the lining space S through the higher placement opening 3a and lead concrete to the lining space S. It will function as Therefore, every time the pouring port 3a is switched, the concrete remaining in the low-level flow passages 30a1 and 30b1 (residual concrete) is not discarded but is guided to the lining space S, and concrete is poured into the lining space S. It can be effectively used in the setting.

In this way, it is possible to provide a concrete placing apparatus 100 and a concrete placing method that can reduce the amount of waste concrete.

Moreover, according to the concrete placing apparatus 100 and the concrete placing method according to the present embodiment, cleaning work inside the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B is performed every time the pouring port 3a is switched. There's no need to do it. Therefore, the workload of the worker during concrete placement is reduced compared to the conventional method. Furthermore, since concrete can be poured continuously without being interrupted by cleaning work, the quality of the lining concrete can be improved. Further, since concrete can be placed in the lining space S in order from the bottom to the top, it is possible to suppress or prevent air from entering the concrete. Therefore, compared to the case where concrete is poured from above, the quality of the lining concrete can be further improved.

In this embodiment, the concrete pump 20 is configured to be able to perform the suction operation. As a result, after the final pouring of concrete into the lining space S via the non-extended top concrete flow path 30C (in this embodiment, the second concrete flow path 30B), this flow path The remaining concrete inside can be easily collected into the storage container 10 by the suction operation of the concrete pump 20.

In this embodiment, the top concrete flow path 30C extends from the upper end of the first concrete flow path 30A to the top pouring port 303. Thereby, concrete can be efficiently poured into the region of the tunnel crown in the lining space S.

In this embodiment, the top pouring port 303 is located near the tunnel entrance in the formwork 3. As a result, it is possible to form a flow of concrete from the tunnel mouth side to the face side in the area of the tunnel crown, and as a result, air in the area of the tunnel crown can be transferred between the gable formwork 4 and the shotcrete 2. It can be effectively pulled out from a small gap.

In this embodiment, the residual concrete collected in the storage container 10 is transferred to the main concrete flow path 30 and the extended top concrete flow path 30C (in this embodiment, It can be poured into the tunnel crown region of the lining space S via the first concrete flow path 30A) and the top concrete flow path 30C. Thereby, the amount of waste concrete can be reduced more effectively. Further, as in the present embodiment, the remaining concrete in the first concrete flow path 30A, the top concrete flow path 30C, and the main concrete flow path 30 collected into the storage container 10 after the completion of the crown casting process F is moved simultaneously. Waste concrete can be largely eliminated by using it for pouring concrete for other construction projects.

In the present embodiment, in the first state, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B have one end of the internal passage 51a connected to the first outlet port 54, and one end of the internal passage 51a. The open end is located in the lining space S beyond the first outlet port 54 and the pouring port 3a. This allows concrete to flow into the lining space S more reliably. Moreover, the end surface 51c of the rotating body 51 is formed at a position that coincides with the outer surface 3d of the formwork 3 (the surface of the formwork 3 on the lining space S side) in the second state. Thereby, the finish of the surface of the lining concrete on the outer surface 3d side of the formwork 3 can be further improved.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.

For example, in the present embodiment, the top concrete flow path 30C extends from the upper end of the first concrete flow path 30A, but is not limited to this, and may extend from the upper end of the second concrete flow path 30B. You can leave it there. Further, the top concrete flow path 30C may be extended from the upper ends of the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B. In this case, the top pouring port 303 is provided in parallel for the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B, and the second switching device is also provided in the top pouring port 303 for the second concrete flow path 30B. 50B is provided. As a result, the residual concrete receiving process E and the crown casting process F described above can be performed through either the first concrete distribution path 30A or the second concrete distribution path 30B. . In other words, if the top concrete flow path 30C, the top pouring port 303, and the second switching device 50B for the top pouring port 303 are provided also on the second concrete flow path 30B side, this is contrary to the present embodiment. It is also possible to execute the residual concrete receiving step E via the first concrete flow path 30A, and execute the crown casting step F via the second concrete flow path 30B.

Further, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B connect the rotating bodies 51 as the shutter parts 60A and 60B, the housing 52, the inlet port 53, the first outlet port 54, and the second outlet port 55. However, it is not limited to this. The first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B switch between the first state and the second state, and in the second state, are capable of closing the corresponding casting port 3a. It is only necessary to have the shutter sections 60A and 60B, respectively. Further, in the present embodiment, each of the shutter parts 60A and 60B of the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B is formed integrally with the rotating body 51, but the present invention is not limited to this. (In other words, the first switching device 50A and the second switching device 50B may have shutter portions 60A and 60B separately from the rotating body 51).

Furthermore, although the first concrete flow path 30A and the second concrete flow path 30B are provided at one cross section in the center of the tunnel longitudinal direction, they are not limited thereto and may be provided at multiple locations (for example, cross sections). The number of pouring holes 3a that constitute the first pouring hole group 301 and the second pouring hole group 302 is not limited to five, but can be set to an appropriate number.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Inner peripheral surface of tunnel, 3... Formwork, 3a... Casting opening, 10... Storage container, 20... Concrete pump, 30... Main concrete flow path, 31... One end of main concrete flow path, 32... Main concrete Other end of flow path, 30A...first concrete flow path, 30a1...low flow path (low flow path), 30a2...high flow path (high flow path), 30B...second concrete flow path, 30b1...low level Flow path (low flow path), 30b2...High flow path (high flow path), 30C...Top concrete flow path, 40...Main switching device, 50A...First switching device, 50B...Second switching device, 60A... Shutter part, 60B...Shutter part, 301...First pouring port group, 302...Second pouring port group, 303...Top pouring port, 100...Concrete pouring device, S...Lining space (space)

Claims (10)

A concrete pouring device for pouring concrete into a space between an inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the same,
a plurality of pouring ports provided at least vertically at intervals in the formwork and used for pouring concrete into the space;
a storage container capable of storing the concrete;
a concrete pump capable of performing a discharge operation of sucking and discharging the concrete in the storage container;
a main concrete flow path having one end connected to the concrete pump;
a first concrete flow path extending in order from a lower side to a higher side through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes;
a second concrete flow path extending sequentially from a lower side to a higher side through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes;
a main switching device capable of selectively switching the connection destination of the other end of the main concrete flow path between the first concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path;
A first switching device provided at a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, which corresponds to a connection destination of a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path. the first switching device that can selectively switch between the pouring opening and a flow path higher than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path;
A second switching device provided at a portion of the second concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, which corresponds to a connection destination of a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path. the second switching device that can selectively switch between the pouring opening and a flow path higher than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path;
A top concrete flow path extending from the upper end of the first concrete flow path or the upper end of the second concrete flow path to the top pouring port provided closest to the top side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring ports. road and
including;
The first switching device and the second switching device are concrete pouring devices each having a shutter portion in the corresponding pouring port that can close the pouring port. The concrete pouring device according to claim 1 , wherein the top pouring port is located near the tunnel entrance in the formwork. Concrete is poured into a space between the inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the same through a plurality of pouring holes provided at intervals at least in the vertical direction in the formwork. In the pouring method,
A first concrete flow path that sequentially passes through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes from a lower side to a higher side; a step of laying a second concrete flow path passing through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork in order from the lower side to the higher side;
Using a first switching device provided at a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, select a connection destination of a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path. selectively switching between the pouring opening and a flow path higher than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path;
Using a second switching device provided at a portion of the second concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, select a connection destination of a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path. selectively switching between the pouring opening and a flow path higher than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path;
A top concrete flow path extending from an upper end of the first concrete flow path or an upper end of the second concrete flow path to a top pouring port provided at the top of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes; The process of laying the
Concrete is passed through the first concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path to which the top concrete flow path is extended, and the top concrete flow path to the tunnel in the space. pouring in the region of the crown;
including;
The switching step using the first switching device is performed in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path is switched to the high-level flow path using a shutter section provided in the first switching device. closing the pouring port;
The switching step using the second switching device is performed in a state where the connection destination of the low-level flow path is switched to the high-level flow path using a shutter section provided in the second switching device. closing the pouring port;
Concrete placement method. A concrete pouring device for pouring concrete into a space between an inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the same,
a plurality of pouring ports provided at least vertically at intervals in the formwork and used for pouring concrete into the space;
a storage container capable of storing the concrete;
a concrete pump capable of performing a discharge operation of sucking and discharging the concrete in the storage container;
a main concrete flow path having one end connected to the concrete pump;
a first concrete flow path extending in order from a lower side to a higher side through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes;
a second concrete flow path extending sequentially from a lower side to a higher side through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes;
a main switching device capable of selectively switching the connection destination of the other end of the main concrete flow path between the first concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path;
A first switching device provided in a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, the lower flow path being a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path; Connecting the first switching device to the corresponding pouring port, and cutting off the connection between the low-level flow path and a high-level flow path that is a flow path higher than the first concrete flow path in the first concrete flow path. and a second state in which the connection between the lower flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the first switching device is cut off, and the lower flow path and the higher flow path are connected. , the first switching device that switches;
a second switching device provided in a portion of the second concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening, and a lower flow path that is a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path; The second switching device is connected to the corresponding pouring port, and the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the higher flow path of the second concrete flow path are higher than the second switching device. a first state in which the connection with the flow path is cut off; and a first state in which the connection between the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the second switching device is cut off, and a state in which the connection with the second concrete flow path is cut off; the second switching device that switches to a second state that connects the lower flow path of the concrete flow path and the higher flow path of the second concrete flow path;
a sensor provided above and near each of the plurality of pouring ports on the outer surface of the formwork and capable of detecting pressure or the presence or absence of concrete;
including;
The first switching device and the second switching device each have a shutter portion that can close the corresponding pouring opening in the second state,
Each of the first switching device and the second switching device selects the corresponding one of the pouring holes at a timing determined based on an output from the sensor provided above and near a high-level pouring hole. switching from the first state to the second state;
Concrete placement equipment. The concrete pump has a first piston part and a second piston part that perform reciprocating movements a predetermined number of times as one unit of pouring operation,
The main switching device operates at the timing when the one-unit casting operation in the concrete pump is completed, and switches the connection destination of the other end of the main concrete flow path,
Before the one-unit placing operation is completed, it is detected by the output from the sensor that the concrete has reached a position higher than the expected placing height according to the one-unit placing operation. Sometimes, the main switching device is driven to forcibly switch the connection destination.
The concrete placing device according to claim 4. Concrete is poured into a space between the inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the same through a plurality of pouring holes provided at intervals at least in the vertical direction in the formwork. In the pouring method,
A first concrete flow path that sequentially passes through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes from a lower side to a higher side; a step of laying a second concrete flow path passing through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork in order from the lower side to the higher side;
A first switching device provided in a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening is connected to a lower flow path that is a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path and the first switching device. A first switching device that connects the pouring port corresponding to the first switching device and disconnects the low-level flow path from a high-level flow path that is a flow path higher than the first concrete flow path in the first concrete flow path. Switching between the first state and a second state in which the connection between the lower flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the first switching device is cut off, and the lower flow path and the higher flow path are connected. process and
A second switching device provided in a portion of the second concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening is connected to a lower flow path that is a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path and the second switching device. a high-level flow path that connects the casting opening corresponding to the second switching device, and is a flow path higher than the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path; a first state in which the connection between the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the second switching device is cut off; a step of switching to a second state in which the lower flow path and the higher flow path of the second concrete flow path are connected;
including;
The step of switching the first switching device includes blowing up concrete in the area on the one side of the space to a position higher than the opening height of the higher pouring port corresponding to the first switching device. switching the first switching device from the first state to the second state at a timing determined by
Concrete placement method. Concrete is poured into a space between the inner circumferential surface of a tunnel and an arch-shaped formwork facing the same through a plurality of pouring holes provided at intervals at least in the vertical direction in the formwork. In the pouring method,
A first concrete flow path that sequentially passes through a first pouring port group located on one side wall side of the formwork among the plurality of pouring holes from a lower side to a higher side; a step of laying a second concrete flow path passing through a second pouring port group located on the other side wall side of the formwork in order from the lower side to the higher side;
A first switching device provided in a portion of the first concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening is connected to a lower flow path that is a flow path lower than the first switching device in the first concrete flow path and the first switching device. A first switching device that connects the pouring port corresponding to the first switching device and disconnects the low-level flow path from a high-level flow path that is a flow path higher than the first concrete flow path in the first concrete flow path. Switching between the first state and a second state in which the connection between the lower flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the first switching device is cut off, and the lower flow path and the higher flow path are connected. process and
A second switching device provided in a portion of the second concrete flow path corresponding to the pouring opening is connected to a lower flow path that is a flow path lower than the second switching device in the second concrete flow path and the second switching device. a high-level flow path that connects the casting opening corresponding to the second switching device, and is a flow path higher than the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the second concrete flow path; a first state in which the connection between the lower flow path of the second concrete flow path and the pouring port corresponding to the second switching device is cut off; a step of switching to a second state in which the lower flow path and the higher flow path of the second concrete flow path are connected;
including;
The step of switching the second switching device includes blowing up concrete in the area on the other side of the space to a position higher than the opening height of the higher pouring port corresponding to the second switching device. switching the second switching device from the first state to the second state at a timing determined by
Concrete placement method. A sensor capable of detecting pressure or the presence or absence of concrete is provided above and near each of the plurality of pouring ports on the outer surface of the formwork,
The step of switching the first switching device is at a timing determined based on the output from the sensor provided above and near the high-level pouring hole of the pouring hole corresponding to the first switching device, switching the first switching device from the first state to the second state;
The concrete placing method according to claim 6. A sensor capable of detecting pressure or the presence or absence of concrete is provided above and near each of the plurality of pouring ports on the outer surface of the formwork,
The step of switching the second switching device is at a timing determined based on the output from the sensor provided above and near the high-level pouring hole of the pouring hole corresponding to the second switching device, switching the second switching device from the first state to the second state;
The concrete placing method according to claim 7. A left and right pouring step of alternately placing concrete into the space via the first concrete flow path and pouring concrete into the space via the second concrete flow path,
including,
The concrete is placed by a concrete pump having a first piston part and a second piston part that performs reciprocating movement for a predetermined number of times as one unit of placing operation,
In the left and right pouring step, the concrete pouring destination is switched at the timing when the one unit pouring operation in the concrete pump is completed;
Before the one-unit placing operation is completed, it is detected by the output from the sensor that the concrete has reached a position higher than the expected placing height according to the one-unit placing operation. Sometimes, the left and right pouring process forcibly switches the concrete pouring destination.
The method for placing concrete according to claim 8 or 9.