JP7309589B2 - Vacuum water heater and operation method of vacuum water heater - Google Patents
Vacuum water heater and operation method of vacuum water heater Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体と、缶体内の下部に形成された熱媒液を貯留する熱媒液槽と、缶体内の上部に形成された減圧蒸気室と、熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱蒸発させる加熱手段と、減圧蒸気室に配置されて発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器とを備え、温水発生装置として用いられる真空式温水機とその運転方法に関する。 The present invention comprises a hermetically-sealed can body whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a heat-transfer liquid tank formed in the lower part of the can body for storing the heat-transfer fluid, and a decompressed steam formed in the upper part of the can body. a chamber, a heating means for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, and a hot water heat exchanger arranged in the reduced pressure steam room for condensing and liquefying the generated steam by heat exchange with water, The present invention relates to a vacuum water heater used as a hot water generator and its operation method.
従来、温水発生装置として用いられる真空式温水機としては、例えば、図７に示す構造のものが知られている（特許文献１参照、以下、従来技術１という。）。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vacuum water heater used as a hot water generator, for example, one having a structure shown in FIG. 7 is known (see Patent Document 1, hereinafter referred to as prior art 1).
即ち、前記真空式温水機は、図７に示す如く、缶体(51)、バーナ(52)、燃焼室(53)、減圧蒸気室(54)、熱媒水(55)、温水熱交換器(56)、水管(57)、抽気ポンプ（図示省略）等を備えており、缶体(51)内を抽気ポンプにより大気圧以下に減圧して真空に近い状態とし、この状態でバーナ(52)により熱媒水(55)を加熱沸騰させて減圧蒸気室(54)内にそのときの熱媒水(55)の温度と同じ蒸気を発生させ、その蒸気が温水熱交換器(56)の表面で凝縮することで温水熱交換器(56)内の給水を加熱し、温水を作るようにしたものである。
この真空式温水機は、缶体(51)内が減圧されているため、要求される温度の温水を素早く負荷側へ供給できるメリットがある。
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the vacuum water heater comprises a can body (51), a burner (52), a combustion chamber (53), a reduced pressure steam chamber (54), a heat medium water (55), a hot water heat exchanger (56), a water pipe (57), a bleed pump (not shown), and the like. ) heats and boils the heat transfer water (55) to generate steam having the same temperature as the heat transfer water (55) in the reduced pressure steam chamber (54), and the steam is supplied to the hot water heat exchanger (56). Condensation on the surface heats the feed water in the hot water heat exchanger (56) to produce hot water.
Since the pressure inside the can body (51) is reduced, this vacuum water heater has the advantage of being able to quickly supply hot water at a required temperature to the load side.
しかし、従来技術１のように燃焼式バーナにより熱媒水を加熱している真空式温水機においては、熱効率が８０％～９５％程度までとなる問題点があり、さらに、缶体容量や使用燃料に応じたバーナの選定が必要となるため、多種類のバーナを用意しておく必要があるという問題点もある。 However, in the vacuum water heater that heats the heat transfer water with a combustion burner like the prior art 1, there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is about 80% to 95%. Since it is necessary to select a burner according to the fuel, there is also the problem that it is necessary to prepare a wide variety of burners.
上記の熱効率を高めるため、燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気の潜熱を回収する熱回収装置を付設することが提案されている（特許文献２参照、以下、従来技術２という。）。しかし従来技術２では、熱回収装置を別個に設けるため装置全体が大型化するうえ、燃焼排ガスが熱交換により低温となるため白煙が生じたり、燃焼排ガス中の水蒸気が凝縮するため発生する凝縮液の中和処理装置や腐食対策が必要になる問題点がある。 In order to increase the thermal efficiency, it has been proposed to attach a heat recovery device for recovering the latent heat of water vapor contained in the combustion exhaust gas (see Patent Document 2, hereinafter referred to as prior art 2). However, in prior art 2, since the heat recovery device is provided separately, the entire device becomes large, and the combustion exhaust gas becomes low temperature due to heat exchange, so white smoke is generated, and water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas is condensed. There is a problem that a liquid neutralization treatment device and corrosion countermeasures are required.
また、熱効率を高めるため、ヒートポンプ給湯器などの高温水と補助用の燃焼式バーナとを用いる真空式温水機の発明がある（特許文献３参照、以下、従来技術３という。）。この従来技術３は前記高温水を主熱源としており、燃焼式バーナを補助的に使用しているため、缶体効率が高く、年間エネルギー消費量とランニングコストの低減及びＣＯ２の削減を図ることができる利点がある。しかし従来技術３では、熱媒液槽を燃焼用バーナのための熱媒液槽と、高温水用の熱媒液槽との二つの槽に区画していることから、装置が大型化する問題がある。さらに、前記温水熱交換器を低温側と高温側とに分け、低温側温水交換器の下方位置の高温水用熱媒液槽に温水交換器で凝縮した熱媒液を導く構造となっており、温水熱交換器を二つに分割するため装置が複雑化、大型化する問題もある。 In order to improve thermal efficiency, there is an invention of a vacuum water heater, such as a heat pump water heater, which uses high-temperature water and an auxiliary combustion burner (see Patent Document 3, hereinafter referred to as prior art 3). Since this prior art 3 uses the high-temperature water as the main heat source and uses a combustion burner as an auxiliary, the can body efficiency is high, and the annual energy consumption and running cost can be reduced, and CO 2 can be reduced. There is an advantage that However, in the prior art 3, since the heat medium liquid tank is divided into two tanks, one for the combustion burner and the other for the high-temperature water, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large. There is Furthermore, the hot water heat exchanger is divided into a low temperature side and a high temperature side, and the heat transfer liquid condensed in the hot water exchanger is led to the high temperature water heat transfer liquid tank located below the low temperature side hot water heat exchanger. Since the hot water heat exchanger is divided into two, there is also the problem that the device becomes complicated and large.
また、減圧蒸気室に排ガスが流通する伝熱管を設け、前記伝熱管に温水熱交換器で凝縮した熱媒液を散布することで、熱効率を向上させる真空式温水機が提案されている（特許文献４参照、以下、従来技術４という。）。しかしこの従来技術４では、減圧蒸気室の熱交換器の下方に凝縮熱媒液受皿と散布装置と上記の伝熱管とを配置しなければならず、真空式温水機の缶体が大型化する問題がある。しかも、上記伝熱管は減圧蒸気室内の蒸気中で散布される熱媒液と熱交換されるため熱媒液との接触時間が短く、熱交換効率を高めることが容易でない問題もある。 In addition, a vacuum water heater has been proposed in which a heat transfer tube through which exhaust gas flows is provided in the reduced-pressure steam chamber, and a heat transfer liquid condensed by a hot water heat exchanger is sprayed on the heat transfer tube to improve thermal efficiency (Patent Reference 4, hereinafter referred to as prior art 4). However, in this prior art 4, the condensed heat medium liquid receiver, the spraying device, and the heat transfer pipes must be arranged below the heat exchanger of the decompression steam chamber, and the size of the vacuum water heater is increased. There's a problem. Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes exchange heat with the heat medium liquid sprayed in the steam in the decompressed steam chamber, the contact time with the heat medium liquid is short, and there is also the problem that it is not easy to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
本発明は、これらの問題点に鑑みて為されたものであり、装置の複雑化と大型化を抑制しながら、熱効率が高く、年間エネルギー消費量とランニングコストの低減及びＣＯ２の削減等を図れるようにした真空式温水機とその運転方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and achieves high thermal efficiency, reduction of annual energy consumption and running cost, reduction of CO2 , etc. while suppressing complication and enlargement of the apparatus. To provide a vacuum water heater and an operating method thereof, which are capable of
本発明は前記課題を解決するために、次のように構成したものである。
即ち本発明１に係る真空式温水機は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体と、缶体内の下部に形成されて熱媒液を貯留する熱媒液槽と、缶体内の上部に形成された減圧蒸気室と、減圧蒸気室に配置されて発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器と、缶体内の熱媒液を加熱蒸発させる加熱手段とを備えた真空式温水機であって、前記熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に前記温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽が配置してあり、前記加熱手段は前記受液槽内に配置されている加熱器を備えていることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.
That is, the vacuum water heater according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a hermetically sealed can whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower, a heat transfer fluid tank formed in the lower part of the can for storing a heat transfer fluid, and A hot water heat exchanger that condenses and liquefies the steam generated in the reduced-pressure steam chamber by heat exchange with water, and a heating that heats and evaporates the heat transfer liquid in the boiler. A vacuum water heater comprising means, wherein a liquid receiving tank for receiving the heat medium liquid condensed in the hot water heat exchanger is arranged between the heat medium liquid tank and the hot water heat exchanger, The heating means is characterized by comprising a heater arranged in the liquid receiving tank.
前記缶体内には熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に受液槽が配置されるが、前記加熱器は前記受液槽内に格納されるので、例えば前記従来技術４と比較して、真空式温水機は過剰に大型化、複雑化することが抑制される。前記温水熱交換器で凝縮され滴下した凝縮熱媒液は、前記受液槽に受け止められ、受液槽内で前記加熱器により加熱されて蒸発する。このとき、受液槽内の熱媒液は、温水熱交換器での熱交換により凝縮して滴下した直後であるので低温であるうえ、加熱器が熱媒液中に配置されているので、効率よく熱交換され加熱される。 A liquid receiving tank is disposed between the heat transfer liquid tank and the hot water heat exchanger in the boiler body, and the heater is housed in the liquid receiving tank. Therefore, the vacuum water heater is prevented from becoming excessively large and complicated. The condensed heat transfer liquid dripped from the hot water heat exchanger is received by the liquid receiving tank, heated by the heater in the liquid receiving tank, and evaporated. At this time, the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is at a low temperature because it has just condensed and dripped due to heat exchange in the hot water heat exchanger, and the heater is placed in the heat transfer liquid. Efficient heat exchange and heating.
なお、前記受液槽は、温水熱交換器から滴下する凝縮熱媒液の全量または大半を受け止めるように、温水熱交換器の下方全体または少なくとも温水熱交換器の水入口側を含む大部分を覆うように配置されるのが好ましい。 The liquid receiving tank covers the entire lower part of the hot water heat exchanger or at least most of the water inlet side of the hot water heat exchanger so as to receive all or most of the condensed heat transfer liquid dripping from the hot water heat exchanger. It is preferably arranged to cover.
前記真空式温水機は、前記受液槽内の熱媒液を前記加熱器の周囲で流動させる流動手段を備えると、前記加熱器の表面で熱媒液が入れ替わるため効率よく加熱器で加熱されて、好ましい。 If the vacuum water heater is provided with a fluidizing means for causing the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank to flow around the heater, the heat medium liquid is replaced on the surface of the heater, so that the heat medium liquid is efficiently heated by the heater. preferred.
前記流動手段は、例えば受液槽内に配置された撹拌装置や、受液槽の一方の端部から取り出した熱媒液を他方の端部へ循環させる循環ポンプを備えた熱媒循環路などであってもよく、任意の構成を採用することができる。しかし、前記受液槽が一方の端部に排出部を備え、前記流動手段が前記排出部に向かって下り傾斜となる受液槽底面であると、受液槽に受け止められた凝縮熱媒液は重力の作用で受液槽底面に沿って排出部側へ移動し、加熱器の周囲を自然に流動するため、簡単な構造でありながら、熱媒液が流動して効率よく加熱器で加熱されて好ましい。 The flow means is, for example, an agitator disposed in the liquid receiving tank, or a heat medium circulation path equipped with a circulation pump for circulating the heat medium liquid extracted from one end of the liquid receiving tank to the other end. and any configuration can be adopted. However, if the liquid receiving tank has a discharge part at one end and the flow means is the bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank that slopes downward toward the discharge part, the condensed heat transfer liquid received by the liquid receiving tank Due to the action of gravity, the heat transfer fluid moves along the bottom of the liquid receiving tank toward the discharge side and naturally flows around the heater. preferred to be
前記排出部を設ける受液槽の一方の端部は、前記温水熱交換器の水入口側とは反対側の端部に設けると、温水熱交換器の水入口側の、低温の水で冷却され滴下する多量の凝縮熱媒液が排出部とは反対側に受け止められ、受液槽内を排出部側へ流動する間に加熱器で良好に加熱されるので好ましい。 When one end of the liquid receiving tank where the discharge part is provided is provided at the end opposite to the water inlet side of the hot water heat exchanger, it is cooled with low temperature water on the water inlet side of the hot water heat exchanger. A large amount of the condensed heat transfer fluid dripping is received on the side opposite to the discharge part, and is heated well by the heater while flowing in the liquid receiving tank toward the discharge part, which is preferable.
前記加熱器は、前記受液槽内に配置されて受液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する装置であればよく、特定の加熱装置に限定されない。例えば、加熱器は電気ヒータなどであっても良い。しかし前記加熱器が、高温の流体が内部を流通する配管を備えていると、熱媒液と効率よく熱交換できて好ましい。なお、本発明にいう加熱器の配管の内部を流通する高温の流体とは、前記減圧された缶体内での前記熱媒液の蒸発温度よりも高温の流体をいう。 The heater is not limited to a specific heating device as long as it is arranged in the liquid receiving tank and heats the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank. For example, the heater may be an electric heater or the like. However, if the heater is provided with a pipe through which a high-temperature fluid flows, heat can be efficiently exchanged with the heat transfer fluid, which is preferable. The high-temperature fluid flowing through the piping of the heater referred to in the present invention refers to a fluid having a temperature higher than the evaporation temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the decompressed vessel.
特に、前記高温の流体がヒートポンプの冷媒であり、前記加熱器が、ヒートポンプの冷媒を冷却するための冷媒熱交換器、すなわち凝縮器であると、例えば凝縮器を用いた温水設備などを別途必要とせず、簡単でコンパクトな構成にできるうえ、ヒートポンプで発生する熱量が直接的に利用されるので、熱媒液が効率よく加熱されて好ましい。 In particular, when the high-temperature fluid is the refrigerant of the heat pump, and the heater is a refrigerant heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant of the heat pump, that is, a condenser, for example, a hot water facility using the condenser is separately required. In addition, since the heat generated by the heat pump can be directly used, the heat transfer liquid can be efficiently heated, which is preferable.
また前記高温の流体としては、ヒートポンプの冷媒のほか、高温水が好ましく用いられるが、燃焼式バーナから排出される排ガスなどの高温ガスであってもよい。なお、前記高温水とは、具体的には例えば、ヒートポンプ給湯機により得られた高温水、コージェネレーションシステムのエンジン冷却水、太陽熱温水器により得られた高温水、温泉水、その他の高温水などをいう。 As the high-temperature fluid, high-temperature water is preferably used in addition to the refrigerant of the heat pump, but high-temperature gas such as exhaust gas discharged from a combustion burner may also be used. The high-temperature water specifically includes, for example, high-temperature water obtained from a heat pump water heater, engine cooling water for a cogeneration system, high-temperature water obtained from a solar water heater, hot spring water, and other high-temperature water. Say.
前記受液槽内の熱媒液を前記加熱器の周囲で流動させている場合に、前記加熱器がヒートポンプの凝縮器であるなど、高温の流体が内部を流通する加熱器である場合は、加熱器内を高温流体が流通する方向が、加熱器の周囲を熱媒液が流動する方向と対向していると、加熱器の全体にわたって高温流体と熱媒液との間の温度差が大きく維持され、効率よく加熱できて好ましい。 When the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is caused to flow around the heater, and the heater is a heater in which a high-temperature fluid flows, such as a condenser of a heat pump, If the direction in which the hot fluid flows in the heater is opposite to the direction in which the heat transfer fluid flows around the heater, the temperature difference between the high temperature fluid and the heat transfer fluid is large throughout the heater. It is preferable because it can be maintained and efficiently heated.
前記本発明１の真空式温水機は、前記加熱手段が、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱蒸発させる補助用加熱装置をさらに備え、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液温度を検出する液温検出器と、前記液温検出器の検出液温に基づき前記補助用加熱装置を駆動する制御装置とを備え、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記制御装置が前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とすることができる。 In the vacuum water heater of the present invention 1, the heating means further includes an auxiliary heating device for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, and the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank is and a control device for driving the auxiliary heating device based on the liquid temperature detected by the liquid temperature detector, wherein the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank becomes below a set temperature. Sometimes, the control device may drive the auxiliary heating device to heat the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer fluid tank.
また本発明２の真空式温水機の運転方法は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体と、缶体内の下部に形成され、熱媒液を貯留する熱媒液槽と、缶体内の上部に形成された減圧蒸気室と、減圧蒸気室に配置され、発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器と、前記熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に配置され、前記温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽と、前記受液槽内に配置された加熱器と、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する補助用加熱装置とを備える真空式温水機の運転方法であって、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とする。 Further, the method of operating a vacuum water heater according to the second aspect of the present invention includes: a sealed can whose inside is maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower; A decompression steam chamber formed in the upper part of the boiler body, a hot water heat exchanger arranged in the decompression steam chamber and condensing and liquefying the generated steam by heat exchange with water, and the heat transfer liquid tank and hot water heat exchange. a liquid receiving tank for receiving the heat transfer liquid condensed in the hot water heat exchanger; a heater disposed in the liquid receiving tank; and a heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. A method of operating a vacuum water heater comprising an auxiliary heating device that heats the It is characterized by heating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank.
ここで、本発明において、前記補助用加熱装置としては、多量の熱媒液を速やかに加熱できる装置が用いられ、例えば燃焼式バーナが好ましいが、電気ヒータなどであっても良い。なお、燃焼式バーナのように火力の強い補助用加熱装置は、熱媒液槽の熱媒液を激しく沸騰させるため、その沸騰した熱媒液が前記温水熱交換器に飛散すると熱媒液蒸気の凝集熱伝達が阻害される恐れがある。しかし本発明では、熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に受液槽が配置してあるので、熱媒液槽の熱媒液が激しく沸騰してもその飛散による熱伝達の低下のおそれがなく、好ましい。 Here, in the present invention, as the auxiliary heating device, a device capable of rapidly heating a large amount of heat transfer fluid is used, and for example, a combustion burner is preferable, but an electric heater or the like may also be used. In addition, since the auxiliary heating device with strong heating power such as a combustion burner causes the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank to boil violently, when the boiled heat medium liquid scatters in the hot water heat exchanger, the heat medium liquid vaporizes. cohesive heat transfer may be inhibited. However, in the present invention, since the liquid receiving tank is arranged between the heat medium liquid tank and the hot water heat exchanger, even if the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank boils violently, the heat transfer is prevented from being lowered due to the scattering of the heat medium liquid. No fear and preferred.
前記補助用加熱装置と液温検出器とを備えた真空式温水機および本発明２の真空式温水機の運転方法では、前記受液槽内の熱媒液は前記加熱器により加熱され蒸発するが、真空式温水機から多量の温水が取り出されるなど、温水熱交換器での負荷が加熱器の加熱能力よりも大きい場合は、受液槽内の液量が多くなり、その貯留液量が設定上限液量を超えるとオーバーフローして、例えば一方の端部の排出部から下方の熱媒液槽へ排出される。そして熱媒液槽内の熱媒液の温度が設定温度以下になると、前記補助用加熱装置が駆動され、熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が加熱され蒸発される。この結果、前記受液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気と、前記熱媒液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気とで、前記温水熱交換器内を流通する水が効率よく加熱され、真空式温水機から多量の温水が取り出される。 In the vacuum water heater provided with the auxiliary heating device and the liquid temperature detector and the operation method of the vacuum water heater according to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is heated by the heater to evaporate. However, if the load on the hot water heat exchanger is greater than the heating capacity of the heater, such as when a large amount of hot water is taken out from a vacuum water heater, the amount of liquid in the liquid receiving tank will increase and the amount of liquid stored will increase. When the set upper limit liquid amount is exceeded, it overflows and is discharged, for example, from the discharge part at one end to the lower heat transfer liquid tank. When the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank becomes equal to or lower than the set temperature, the auxiliary heating device is driven to heat and evaporate the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank. As a result, the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated within the liquid receiving tank and the heat medium liquid vapor heated and vaporized within the heat medium liquid tank effectively change the water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger. It is heated and a large amount of hot water is taken out from the vacuum water heater.
なお、真空式温水機から取り出される温水が少なくなり、前記受液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気により、温水熱交換器を流通する水が十分に加熱されるようになると、前記補助用加熱装置の運転を低下もしくは休止することができ、真空式温水機全体を一層効率よく運転することができる。 In addition, when the amount of hot water taken out from the vacuum water heater decreases and the water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger is sufficiently heated by the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated in the liquid receiving tank, the auxiliary The operation of the heating device can be reduced or stopped, and the entire vacuum water heater can be operated more efficiently.
上記のように温水熱交換器での負荷が大きい場合は、受液槽内の液量が多くなり、その貯留液量が予め設定された上限液量を超えるとオーバーフローする。従って、そのオーバーフローの有無など、受液槽内の液量を把握することにより、温水熱交換器での負荷が大きいことを判定して、前記補助用加熱装置を駆動するように構成してもよい。 As described above, when the load on the hot water heat exchanger is large, the amount of liquid in the liquid receiving tank increases, and overflow occurs when the amount of stored liquid exceeds a preset upper limit liquid amount. Therefore, by grasping the amount of liquid in the liquid receiving tank, such as the presence or absence of overflow, it may be determined that the load on the hot water heat exchanger is large, and the auxiliary heating device may be driven. good.
即ち、前記本発明１の真空式温水機は、前記加熱手段が、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱蒸発させる補助用加熱装置をさらに備え、前記受液槽内の熱媒液の液量を計測もしくは推定する液量把握装置と、前記液量把握装置の把握液量に基づき前記補助用加熱装置を駆動する制御装置とを備え、前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定上限液量を超えたときに、前記制御装置が前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とすることができる。 That is, in the vacuum water heater of the present invention 1, the heating means further includes an auxiliary heating device for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, and the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank is A liquid volume grasping device for measuring or estimating the liquid quantity, and a control device for driving the auxiliary heating device based on the liquid quantity grasped by the liquid quantity grasping device, wherein the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank reaches a set upper limit. The control device may drive the auxiliary heating device to heat the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank when the liquid amount is exceeded.
この場合、受液槽内の熱媒液の液量を計測もしくは推定する液量把握装置としては、受液槽内の熱媒液の液量が設定液量に達したかを検出できればよく、例えば、受液槽の液位を検出する装置や、受液槽からのオーバーフロー等による流出を検出する装置などであってもよく、さらには、熱媒液槽の熱媒液温度や、加熱器から送り出される高温流体の温度などから間接的に液量を推定する装置であってもよい。 In this case, as a liquid level grasping device for measuring or estimating the liquid level of the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank, it is sufficient to detect whether the liquid level of the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank has reached the set liquid level. For example, it may be a device that detects the liquid level in the liquid receiving tank, or a device that detects outflow due to overflow from the liquid receiving tank, etc. Furthermore, the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank and the temperature of the heater It may be a device that indirectly estimates the liquid amount from the temperature of the high-temperature fluid sent out from.
また本発明３の真空式温水機の運転方法は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体と、缶体内の下部に形成され、熱媒液を貯留する熱媒液槽と、缶体内の上部に形成された減圧蒸気室と、減圧蒸気室に配置され、発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器と、前記熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に配置され、前記温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽と、前記受液槽内に配置された加熱器と、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する補助用加熱装置とを備える真空式温水機の運転方法であって、前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定上限液量を超えたときに、前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とする。 A method of operating a vacuum water heater according to a third aspect of the present invention includes: a sealed can whose inside is maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower; A decompression steam chamber formed in the upper part of the boiler body, a hot water heat exchanger arranged in the decompression steam chamber and condensing and liquefying the generated steam by heat exchange with water, and the heat transfer liquid tank and hot water heat exchange. a liquid receiving tank for receiving the heat transfer liquid condensed in the hot water heat exchanger; a heater disposed in the liquid receiving tank; and a heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. A method of operating a vacuum water heater comprising an auxiliary heating device that heats a It is characterized by heating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank.
前記補助用加熱装置と液量把握装置とを備えた真空式温水機および本発明３の真空式温水機の運転方法では、本発明２と同様に、前記受液槽内の熱媒液は前記加熱器により加熱され蒸発するが、真空式温水機から多量の温水が取り出されるなど、温水熱交換器での負荷が加熱器の加熱能力よりも大きい場合は、受液槽内の液量が多くなり、その貯留液量が設定上限液量を超えるとオーバーフローして、例えば一方の端部の排出部から下方の熱媒液槽へ排出される。そして、受液槽内の液量が設定上限液量を超えたことを前記液量把握装置が把握したとき、前記補助用加熱装置が駆動され、熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が加熱され蒸発される。この結果、前記受液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気と、前記熱媒液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気とで、前記温水熱交換器内を流通する水が効率よく加熱され、真空式温水機から多量の温水が取り出される。 In the vacuum water heater equipped with the auxiliary heating device and the liquid amount grasping device and the operation method of the vacuum water heater of the third aspect of the present invention, as in the second aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is the above-mentioned It is heated and evaporated by the heater, but if the load on the hot water heat exchanger is larger than the heating capacity of the heater, such as when a large amount of hot water is taken out from a vacuum water heater, the amount of liquid in the liquid receiving tank will be large. When the amount of the stored liquid exceeds the set upper limit liquid amount, it overflows and is discharged, for example, from the discharge part at one end to the lower heat transfer liquid tank. Then, when the liquid amount grasping device grasps that the liquid amount in the liquid receiving tank exceeds the set upper limit liquid amount, the auxiliary heating device is driven to heat the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank. evaporated. As a result, the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated within the liquid receiving tank and the heat medium liquid vapor heated and vaporized within the heat medium liquid tank effectively change the water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger. It is heated and a large amount of hot water is taken out from the vacuum water heater.
なお、真空式温水機から取り出される温水が少なくなり、前記受液槽内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気により、温水熱交換器を流通する水が十分に加熱されるようになると、本発明２と同様に、前記補助用加熱装置の運転を低下もしくは休止することができ、真空式温水機全体を一層効率よく運転することができる。 In addition, when the amount of hot water taken out from the vacuum water heater decreases and the water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger is sufficiently heated by the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated in the liquid receiving tank, the present invention can be achieved. As in 2, the operation of the auxiliary heating device can be reduced or stopped, and the entire vacuum water heater can be operated more efficiently.
前記本発明１の真空式温水機は、前記熱媒液槽と前記受液槽との間に循環ポンプを備える熱媒液供給路を設け、前記受液槽内の熱媒液の液量を計測もしくは推定する液量把握装置と、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液温度を検出する液温検出器と、前記液量把握装置の把握液量と前記液温検出器の検出液温とに基づき前記循環ポンプを駆動する制御装置とを備え、前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定下限液量を下回っていると把握されるとともに、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記制御装置が前記循環ポンプを駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を前記受液槽に供給することを特徴とすることができる。 In the vacuum water heater of the present invention 1, a heat medium liquid supply path having a circulation pump is provided between the heat medium liquid tank and the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid amount of the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank is adjusted to A liquid volume grasping device for measuring or estimating, a liquid temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, the liquid quantity grasped by the liquid quantity grasping device, and the liquid temperature detected by the liquid temperature detector. and a control device for driving the circulation pump based on the above, and grasping that the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is below the set lower limit liquid amount, and the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank is set The control device may drive the circulation pump to supply the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer fluid tank to the liquid receiving tank when the temperature is below the temperature.
また、本発明４の真空式温水機の運転方法は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体と、缶体内の下部に形成され、熱媒液を貯留する熱媒液槽と、缶体内の上部に形成された減圧蒸気室と、減圧蒸気室に配置され、発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器と、前記熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に配置され、前記温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽と、前記受液槽内に配置された加熱器と、前記熱媒液槽と前記受液槽との間に配置された循環ポンプを有する熱媒液供給路とを備える真空式温水機の運転方法であって、前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定下限液量を下回るとともに、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下であるとき、前記循環ポンプを駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を前記受液槽に供給することを特徴とする。 Further, the method of operating a vacuum water heater according to the fourth aspect of the present invention comprises: a sealed can whose inside is maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower; a decompressed steam chamber formed in the upper part of the boiler; a hot water heat exchanger arranged in the decompressed steam chamber for condensing and liquefying the generated steam by heat exchange with water; a liquid receiving tank disposed between the hot water heat exchanger and receiving the heat transfer liquid condensed by the hot water heat exchanger; a heater disposed in the liquid receiving tank; the heat transfer liquid tank and the liquid receiving tank; and a heat transfer liquid supply path having a circulation pump disposed between the liquid receiving tank and a tank, wherein the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank falls below the set lower limit liquid amount, and the The circulation pump is driven to supply the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank to the liquid receiving tank when the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank is lower than the set temperature.
前記真空式温水機を、起動時や待機時などの無負荷時や低負荷時に運転する際には、減圧蒸気室内で温水熱交換器との熱交換により冷却されて滴下する凝縮熱媒液が少なくなる。一方、受液槽内の熱媒液は、前記加熱器により通常運転時と同様に加熱され蒸発していく。この結果、受液槽内の熱媒液の多くが蒸発してしまい、加熱器が熱媒液の蒸気と熱交換することとなって加熱効率が低下するおそれがある。特に、加熱器がヒートポンプの凝縮器である場合、凝縮器内を流通する冷媒が受液槽内の熱媒液で十分に冷却されないと、冷媒温度が上昇してヒートポンプが停止するおそれもある。 When the vacuum water heater is operated at no-load or low-load conditions such as startup or standby, the condensed heat transfer liquid drips after being cooled by heat exchange with the hot water heat exchanger in the decompressed steam chamber. less. On the other hand, the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is heated by the heater and evaporated in the same manner as during normal operation. As a result, most of the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank evaporates, and the heater exchanges heat with the vapor of the heat medium liquid, which may reduce the heating efficiency. In particular, when the heater is a condenser of a heat pump, if the refrigerant flowing in the condenser is not sufficiently cooled by the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank, the temperature of the refrigerant may rise and the heat pump may stop.
これに対し、前記循環ポンプを有する熱媒液供給路を備えた真空式温水機および本発明４の真空式温水機の運転方法では、受液槽内の熱媒液の液量が設定下限液量より少なくなると、前記循環ポンプが駆動され、熱媒液槽内から低温の熱媒液が熱媒液供給路を介して受液槽に供給されるので、加熱器による加熱効率の低下が抑制される。またこれにより、加熱器を流通する高温流体が十分に冷却されなくなることが防止される。従って、例えば加熱器としてヒートポンプの凝縮器を用いた場合であっても、加熱器である凝縮器を流通する冷媒の温度が過剰に上昇することがなく、ヒートポンプが停止するおそれが抑制される。そして、無負荷時や低負荷時の運転であっても、受液槽内の熱媒液が加熱器により効率よく加熱されているので、真空式温水機を正常運転に切り替える際に、速やかに所望温度の温水を取り出すことができて好ましい。 On the other hand, in the vacuum water heater provided with the heat transfer liquid supply path having the circulating pump and the operation method of the vacuum water heater of the present invention 4, the liquid amount of the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank reaches the set lower limit liquid. When the amount is less than the amount, the circulation pump is driven, and the low-temperature heat transfer liquid is supplied from the heat transfer liquid tank to the liquid receiving tank through the heat transfer liquid supply path. be done. This also prevents the hot fluid flowing through the heater from being insufficiently cooled. Therefore, even when the condenser of the heat pump is used as the heater, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the condenser, which is the heater, does not rise excessively, and the possibility of the heat pump stopping is suppressed. Even during no-load or low-load operation, the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is efficiently heated by the heater, so when the vacuum water heater is switched to normal operation, it can be quickly operated. It is preferable because hot water at a desired temperature can be taken out.
本発明の真空式温水機とその運転方法は、温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽を熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に配置し、高温流体が流通する加熱器を前記受液槽内に配置しているので、真空式温水機を過剰に大型化、複雑化することを抑制できる。しかも、受液槽に受け止められた熱媒液は、温水熱交換器で凝縮して滴下した直後であるので低温であるうえ、熱媒液中の加熱器により加熱されるので、熱効率が高く、年間エネルギー消費量とランニングコストの低減及びＣＯ２の削減等を図ることができる。 In the vacuum water heater and its operation method of the present invention, a liquid receiving tank for receiving the heat medium liquid condensed in the hot water heat exchanger is arranged between the heat medium liquid tank and the hot water heat exchanger, and a high temperature fluid is circulated. Since the heater is arranged in the liquid receiving tank, it is possible to prevent the vacuum water heater from becoming excessively large and complicated. Moreover, the heat transfer liquid received in the liquid receiving tank is low temperature because it has just been condensed and dripped in the hot water heat exchanger, and is heated by the heater in the heat transfer liquid, resulting in high thermal efficiency. Reduction of annual energy consumption and running cost, reduction of CO2 , etc. can be achieved.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１～図３は本発明の実施形態に係る真空式温水機を示し、当該真空式温水機(１)は、内部が大気圧以下に保持された密閉状の缶体(２)と、缶体(２)内の下部に形成され、熱媒液(３)（例えば、水）を貯留する熱媒液槽(４)と、缶体(２)内の上部に形成され抽気ポンプ（図示省略）により減圧された減圧蒸気室(５)と、減圧蒸気室(５)に配置され、発生した蒸気を水との熱交換により凝縮して液化させる温水熱交換器(６)と、缶体(２)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱蒸発させる加熱手段(７)とを備える。そして、前記減圧蒸気室(５)内には、前記熱媒液槽(４)と温水熱交換器(６)との間に、この温水熱交換器(６)で凝縮された熱媒液(３)を受け止める受液槽(８)が配置してあり、前記加熱手段(７)はこの受液槽(８)内に配置されている加熱器(９)を備えている。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
1 to 3 show a vacuum water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the vacuum water heater (1) includes a sealed can body (2) whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a can A heating medium liquid tank (4) formed in the lower part of the body (2) for storing the heating medium liquid (3) (for example, water), and a bleed pump (not shown) formed in the upper part of the boiler body (2) ), a hot water heat exchanger (6) placed in the reduced pressure steam room (5) to condense and liquefy the generated steam by heat exchange with water, and a boiler body ( 2) is provided with heating means (7) for heating and evaporating the heat transfer liquid (3) inside. In the decompressed steam chamber (5), the heat transfer liquid ( 3) A liquid receiving tank (8) is arranged to receive the liquid, and the heating means (7) comprises a heater (9) arranged in the liquid receiving tank (8).
前記温水熱交換器(６)は、減圧蒸気室(５)に水平姿勢で配置されており、缶体(２)の側壁面に水の入口(6a)とその上方の温水の出口(6b)とが形成され、水入口(6a)が折返部(6c)を経て温水出口(6b)に接続してある。 The hot water heat exchanger (6) is arranged horizontally in the decompression steam chamber (5). is formed, and the water inlet (6a) is connected to the hot water outlet (6b) through the folded portion (6c).
図１と図２に示すように、前記受液槽(８)は前記温水熱交換器(６)の真下で温水熱交換器(６)の下方全体を覆う状態に、温水熱交換器(６)に沿って略水平姿勢に配置してある。この受液槽(８)は、前記水入口(6a)の下方位置にある基端(8a)側が缶体(２)の内面に固定されており、基端(8a)とは反対側の端部に排出部(8b)が形成され、この排出部(8b)に向かって下り傾斜となる受液槽底面(8c)を備えている。この傾斜した受液槽底面(8c)は、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)を重力の作用により排出部(8b)側へ移動させ、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)を前記加熱器(９)の周囲で流動させる流動手段(10)を構成している。なお、受液槽底面(8c)の水平面に対する傾斜角度(θ)は、熱媒液が受液槽内を流動できる角度であればよく、特定の数値に限定されない。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid receiving tank (8) is located directly below the hot water heat exchanger (6) and covers the whole area below the hot water heat exchanger (6). ) in a substantially horizontal position. The liquid receiving tank (8) is fixed to the inner surface of the can body (2) at the base end (8a) located below the water inlet (6a), and the end opposite to the base end (8a) is fixed. A discharge portion (8b) is formed in the portion, and the liquid receiving tank bottom surface (8c) is inclined downward toward the discharge portion (8b). This inclined liquid receiving tank bottom surface (8c) moves the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) to the discharge part (8b) side by the action of gravity, and heats the liquid receiving tank (8). A fluidizing means (10) for fluidizing the liquid medium (3) around the heater (9) is constituted. The inclination angle (θ) of the liquid receiving tank bottom surface (8c) with respect to the horizontal plane is not limited to a specific numerical value as long as the heat transfer liquid can flow in the liquid receiving tank.
図１に示すように、前記加熱器(９)には、ヒートポンプ(11)の冷媒を冷却するための冷媒熱交換器である凝縮器が用いてある。即ち、前記加熱器(９)の冷媒入口(9a)にはヒートポンプ(11)の圧縮機(12)からの導入配管(13)が接続してあり、加熱器(９)の冷媒出口(9b)にヒートポンプ(11)の膨張弁(14)への導出配管(15)が接続してある。 As shown in FIG. 1, the heater (9) uses a condenser, which is a refrigerant heat exchanger for cooling the refrigerant of the heat pump (11). That is, the introduction pipe (13) from the compressor (12) of the heat pump (11) is connected to the refrigerant inlet (9a) of the heater (9), and the refrigerant outlet (9b) of the heater (9) is connected. is connected to the outlet pipe (15) leading to the expansion valve (14) of the heat pump (11).
前記加熱手段(７)は、前記熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱蒸発させる補助用加熱装置(17)をさらに備える。また、前記缶体(２)には、前記受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)の液量を検出する液量把握装置(18)と、前記熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)の液温を検出する液温検出器(19)とが付設してある。そしてこの真空式温水機(１)に、前記液量把握装置(18)の検出液量と前記液温検出器(19)の検出液温とに基づき前記補助用加熱装置(17)を駆動する制御装置(20)が設けてある。この制御装置(20)は、前記受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定上限液量を超えるとともに、前記熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)が設定温度以下（例えば、８０℃以下、ただし本発明ではこの温度に限定されるものではない。）になったときに、前記制御装置(20)が前記補助用加熱装置(17)を駆動して前記熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱する。 The heating means (7) further includes an auxiliary heating device (17) for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid (3) in the heat medium liquid tank (4). Further, the boiler body (2) is provided with a liquid amount grasping device (18) for detecting the liquid amount of the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8), and A liquid temperature detector (19) for detecting the liquid temperature of the heat transfer liquid (3) is attached. In the vacuum water heater (1), the auxiliary heating device (17) is driven on the basis of the liquid amount detected by the liquid amount grasping device (18) and the liquid temperature detected by the liquid temperature detector (19). A controller (20) is provided. The control device (20) controls that when the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) exceeds the set upper limit liquid amount, the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) When the temperature falls below the temperature (for example, 80° C. or less, but the present invention is not limited to this temperature), the control device (20) drives the auxiliary heating device (17) to The heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) is heated.
前記補助用加熱装置(17)は、熱源である燃焼用バーナ(21)と、燃焼室である火炉(22)と、水管(23)群と、排気筒(24)とを備えており、火炉(22)と水管(23)群は前記熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)に水没されている。燃焼用バーナ(21)が制御装置(20)により駆動されると、バーナ(21)の強い火力により、火炉(22)の周囲の熱媒液(３)と水管(23)内を流通する熱媒液(３)が速やかに加熱される。 The auxiliary heating device (17) includes a combustion burner (21) as a heat source, a furnace (22) as a combustion chamber, a group of water pipes (23), and an exhaust pipe (24). (22) and a group of water pipes (23) are submerged in the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4). When the combustion burner (21) is driven by the control device (20), the strong heating power of the burner (21) heats the heat transfer liquid (3) around the furnace (22) and the heat flowing through the water pipe (23). The liquid medium (3) is quickly heated.
前記真空式温水機(１)において、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)は、ヒートポンプ(11)の圧縮機(12)から導入配管(13)を経て加熱器(９)に送られてきた冷媒により、ヒートポンプで発生する熱量が直接的に利用され、加熱されて蒸発する。減圧蒸気室(５)に充満した熱媒液(３)の蒸気は、表面温度が蒸気の温度よりも低くなっている温水熱交換器(６)の表面で、温水熱交換器(６)内を流通する水と熱交換され、これにより蒸気の温度まで加熱された温水が温水出口(6b)から取り出される。一方、上記の熱交換により冷却された蒸気は、温水熱交換器(６)の表面で凝縮して凝縮熱媒液(３)となり、滴下して全量が下方の受液槽(８)に受け止められ、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定上限液量に達するまで排出部(8b)で堰き止められる。 In the vacuum water heater (1), the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is supplied from the compressor (12) of the heat pump (11) to the heater (9) through the introduction pipe (13). The sent refrigerant directly utilizes the amount of heat generated by the heat pump to heat and evaporate. The steam of the heat transfer liquid (3) filled in the decompressed steam chamber (5) is heated in the hot water heat exchanger (6) on the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6) whose surface temperature is lower than the temperature of the steam. The hot water is heat-exchanged with the water circulating through the hot water outlet (6b) so that the hot water is heated to the steam temperature and is taken out from the hot water outlet (6b). On the other hand, the steam cooled by the above heat exchange is condensed on the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6) to become the condensed heat transfer liquid (3), dripping and the entire amount is received in the liquid receiving tank (8) below. The heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is dammed up at the discharge portion (8b) until it reaches the set upper limit liquid amount.
このとき、熱媒液(３)の液滴は、温水熱交換器(６)の表面温度が低い水入口(6a)側で多量に発生し、しかも温度が低い傾向にある。従って、温水熱交換器(６)の表面で凝縮し滴下した低温の熱媒液(３)は、受液槽底面(8c)が高い位置の基端(8a)側に多く受け止められ、受液槽(８)内を排出部(8b)側へ流動する間に加熱器(９)と効率よく熱交換され、良好に加熱されて再度蒸発する。 At this time, a large amount of droplets of the heat transfer fluid (3) are generated on the side of the water inlet (6a) where the surface temperature of the hot water heat exchanger (6) is low, and the temperature tends to be low. Therefore, the low-temperature heat transfer liquid (3) condensed and dropped on the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6) is largely received by the base end (8a) of the higher position of the bottom surface (8c) of the liquid receiving tank. While flowing in the tank (8) to the discharge part (8b) side, heat is efficiently exchanged with the heater (9), and it is heated well and evaporates again.
図３に示すように、前記加熱器(９)内を流通するヒートポンプ(11)からの冷媒は、冷媒入口(9a)から最初に受液槽(８)の排出部(8b)側に案内され、熱媒液(３)の流下とは対向する方向へ蛇行するように加熱器(９)内を流通して冷媒出口(9b)へ案内される。このため、加熱器(９)の全体にわたって高温の冷媒と受液槽(８)内を流動する熱媒液(３)との間の温度差が大きく維持され、熱媒液(３)が効率よく加熱される。なお、冷媒出口(9b)から送り出された冷媒は、前記導出配管(15)を経てヒートポンプ(11)の膨張弁(14)へ戻され、蒸発器(16)へ送られたのち、圧縮機(12)から導入配管(13)を経て再び加熱器(９)の冷媒入口(9a)へ送られる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the refrigerant from the heat pump (11) flowing through the heater (9) is first guided from the refrigerant inlet (9a) to the discharge portion (8b) side of the liquid receiving tank (8). , flows through the heater (9) so as to meander in the opposite direction to the flow of the heat transfer liquid (3), and is guided to the refrigerant outlet (9b). Therefore, a large temperature difference is maintained between the high-temperature refrigerant and the heat transfer liquid (3) flowing in the liquid receiving tank (8) throughout the heater (9), and the heat transfer liquid (3) is efficiently heated. well heated. The refrigerant sent out from the refrigerant outlet (9b) is returned to the expansion valve (14) of the heat pump (11) through the lead-out pipe (15), sent to the evaporator (16), and then to the compressor ( From 12), it is sent again to the refrigerant inlet (9a) of the heater (9) through the introduction pipe (13).
前記受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)は、受液槽(８)内を排出部(8b)側へ流動する間に前記加熱器(９)により加熱され蒸発する。このとき、温水熱交換器(６)から多量の温水が取り出されるなど、温水負荷が増加して加熱器(９)の加熱能力よりも大きくなると、温水熱交換器(６)の表面で凝縮し滴下する熱媒液(３)が多量となる。そして、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が増加して設定上限液量を超えると、排出部(8b)からオーバーフローして下方の熱媒液槽(４)へ排出される。 The heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is heated and evaporated by the heater (9) while flowing in the liquid receiving tank (8) toward the discharge portion (8b). At this time, if a large amount of hot water is taken out from the hot water heat exchanger (6) and the hot water load increases and becomes larger than the heating capacity of the heater (9), condensation will occur on the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6). A large amount of the heat transfer fluid (3) is dripped. When the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) increases and exceeds the set upper limit liquid amount, it overflows from the discharge part (8b) and is discharged into the heat transfer liquid tank (4) below. .
そこで、前記液量把握装置(18)の検出結果に基づき、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定上限液量（例えば、オーバーフローを開始する液量）を超えたとき、前記制御装置(20)は、補助用加熱装置(17)を駆動して熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱する。或いは、前記液温検出器(19)の検出結果に基づき、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)が設定温度以下（例えば、８０℃以下）になったとき、前記制御装置(20)は、補助用加熱装置(17)を駆動して熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱する。なお、設定上限液量がオーバーフローを開始する液量である場合は、液量把握装置(18)はオーバーフローを検出する装置、例えば排出部(8b)からの熱媒液(３)の排出を検出する装置であっても良い。なお、この実施形態では、液量把握装置(18)と液温検出器(19)の両方を設けたが、いずれも温水負荷が増加したことを検出できるので、本発明では、いずれか一方を設けたものであってもよい。 Therefore, when the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) exceeds the set upper limit liquid amount (for example, the liquid amount at which overflow starts) based on the detection result of the liquid amount grasping device (18), The control device (20) drives the auxiliary heating device (17) to heat the heat transfer fluid (3) in the heat transfer fluid tank (4). Alternatively, when the temperature of the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) drops below a set temperature (e.g., below 80° C.) based on the detection result of the liquid temperature detector (19), the control device (20) drives the auxiliary heating device (17) to heat the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4). When the set upper limit liquid amount is the liquid amount at which overflow starts, the liquid amount grasping device (18) detects the overflow detection device, for example, the discharge of the heat transfer liquid (3) from the discharge part (8b). It may be a device that In this embodiment, both the liquid level grasping device (18) and the liquid temperature detector (19) are provided. It may be provided.
前記補助用加熱装置(17)は燃焼用バーナ(21)を熱源としているので、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)は速やかに加熱され、増加した温水負荷に対して不足する加熱器(９)の加熱能力が良好に補われる。即ち、前記受液槽(８)内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気と、熱媒液槽(４)内で加熱され蒸発した熱媒液蒸気とで、前記温水熱交換器(６)内を流通する水が効率よく加熱され、温水出口(6b)から多量の温水が取り出される。 Since the auxiliary heating device (17) uses the combustion burner (21) as a heat source, the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) is quickly heated, and the hot water load is insufficient for the increased hot water load. The heating capacity of the heater (9) is well supplemented. That is, the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated in the liquid receiving tank (8) and the heat medium liquid vapor heated and evaporated in the heat medium liquid tank (4) are combined into the hot water heat exchanger (6). is efficiently heated, and a large amount of hot water is taken out from the hot water outlet (6b).
そして、温水負荷が低下して加熱器(９)の加熱能力よりも小さくなると、温水熱交換器(６)の表面から滴下する凝縮熱媒液(３)が少なくなり、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定上限液量よりも少なくなって、排出部(8b)からのオーバーフローが停止する。これにより、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定上限液量以下となったことを前記液量把握装置(18)が検出すると、制御装置(20)は前記補助用加熱装置(17)の駆動を停止する。或いは、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)が設定温度を超えたことを前記液温検出器(19)が検出すると、制御装置(20)は前記補助用加熱装置(17)の駆動を停止する。この結果、燃焼式バーナ(21)を用いる補助用加熱装置(17)は、温水負荷が高いときにのみ駆動されるので、缶体効率の向上、年間エネルギー消費量とランニングコストの低減及びＣＯ２の削減を図ることができる。 When the hot water load decreases and becomes smaller than the heating capacity of the heater (9), the amount of the condensed heat transfer liquid (3) dripping from the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6) decreases, and the liquid receiving tank (8) The heat transfer liquid (3) inside becomes less than the set upper limit liquid amount, and the overflow from the discharge part (8b) stops. As a result, when the liquid amount grasping device (18) detects that the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) has fallen below the set upper limit liquid amount, the control device (20) controls the auxiliary heating. Stop driving the device (17). Alternatively, when the liquid temperature detector (19) detects that the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) has exceeded the set temperature, the control device (20) activates the auxiliary heating device (17). ) is stopped. As a result, the auxiliary heating device (17) using the combustion burner (21) is driven only when the hot water load is high, resulting in improved boiler efficiency, reduced annual energy consumption and running costs, and reduced CO2 emissions. can be reduced.
前記燃焼式バーナ(21)を用いた補助用加熱装置(17)は、熱媒液槽(４)の熱媒液(３)を激しく沸騰させる。しかし、前記温水熱交換器(６)は下方全体が受液槽(８)で覆われているため、熱媒液槽(４)の液面で沸騰した熱媒液(３)が飛散して温水熱交換器(６)に降りかかるおそれがない。これにより、熱媒液(３)が沸騰し飛散しても温水熱交換器(６)表面での熱伝達の低下が防止される。 The auxiliary heating device (17) using the combustion burner (21) violently boils the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4). However, since the entire lower part of the hot water heat exchanger (6) is covered with the liquid receiving tank (8), the heat transfer liquid (3) boiled on the liquid surface of the heat transfer liquid tank (4) scatters. There is no danger of falling on the hot water heat exchanger (6). As a result, even if the heat transfer liquid (3) boils and scatters, the deterioration of heat transfer on the surface of the hot water heat exchanger (6) is prevented.
図４は本発明の他の実施形態に係る真空式温水機を示し、当該真空式温水機(１)は、熱媒液槽(４)と受液槽(８)との間に、循環ポンプ(25)を備える熱媒液供給路(26)を設けてある。また缶体(２)には、前記の実施形態と同様、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)の液量を検出する液量把握装置(18)と、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)の液温を検出する液温検出器(19)とが付設してある。この真空式温水機(１)に設けてある制御装置(20)は、前記の実施形態と異なり、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定下限液量を下回るとともに、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)が設定温度以下になったときに、前記循環ポンプ(25)を駆動して熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を受液槽(８)に供給する。その他の構成は図１～図３に示す真空式温水機の前記実施形態と同様構造に構成されているため、図１～図３に示す真空式温水機と同じ部位・部材には同一の参照番号を付し、その詳細な説明を省略する。 FIG. 4 shows a vacuum water heater according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the vacuum water heater (1) has a circulation pump between the heat transfer liquid tank (4) and the liquid receiving tank (8). A heat transfer fluid supply line (26) with (25) is provided. Further, in the boiler body (2), as in the above-described embodiment, a liquid amount grasping device (18) for detecting the liquid amount of the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8), and a heat transfer liquid tank ( 4) A liquid temperature detector (19) for detecting the liquid temperature of the heat transfer liquid (3) is attached. Unlike the above-described embodiment, the control device (20) provided in this vacuum water heater (1) is different from the above-described embodiment in that the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) falls below the set lower limit liquid amount, and the heat When the heat transfer fluid (3) in the heat transfer fluid tank (4) falls below the set temperature, the circulation pump (25) is driven to remove the heat transfer fluid (3) in the heat transfer fluid tank (4). It is supplied to the receiving tank (8). Since the rest of the structure is constructed in the same structure as the vacuum water heater shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the same parts and members as those of the vacuum water heater shown in FIGS. They are numbered and their detailed description is omitted.
この真空式温水機(１)は、通常の温水負荷や高い温水負荷の場合は、図１～図３に示す真空式温水機と同じように操作され、機能する。一方、この真空式温水機(１)を起動時や待機時などの無負荷時や低負荷時に運転する場合は、制御装置(20)により前記循環ポンプ(25)が駆動され、熱媒液槽(４)内から低温の熱媒液(３)が熱媒液供給路(26)を介して受液槽(８)に供給される。 This vacuum water heater (1) is operated and functions in the same manner as the vacuum water heater shown in FIGS. On the other hand, when the vacuum water heater (1) is operated during no-load or low-load conditions such as startup or standby, the circulation pump (25) is driven by the control device (20), and the heat medium liquid tank is From inside (4), the low-temperature heat transfer fluid (3) is supplied to the liquid receiving tank (8) through the heat transfer fluid supply path (26).
即ち、通常、真空式温水機(１)を起動時や待機時などの無負荷時や低負荷時に運転する際は、温水熱交換器(６)への水の供給が停止されるか僅かであるので、温水熱交換器(６)との熱交換により冷却されて滴下する凝縮熱媒液(３)が少なくなる。また無負荷時や低負荷時は、補助用加熱装置(17)を駆動する必要がないので熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)は低温となっている。一方、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)は、加熱器(９)により通常運転時と同様に加熱され蒸発していく。そして、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)の多くが蒸発し、少量となって設定下限液量を下回るとともに、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)が設定温度以下になったとき、制御装置(20)が前記循環ポンプ(25)を駆動して熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)を熱媒液供給路(26)から受液槽(８)に供給する。 That is, normally, when the vacuum water heater (1) is operated at no load or low load, such as during startup or standby, the supply of water to the hot water heat exchanger (6) is stopped or only slightly. Therefore, the amount of the condensed heat transfer liquid (3) dripping after being cooled by heat exchange with the hot water heat exchanger (6) is reduced. Further, when there is no load or when the load is low, there is no need to drive the auxiliary heating device (17), so the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) is at a low temperature. On the other hand, the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is heated by the heater (9) in the same manner as during normal operation and evaporates. Then, most of the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) evaporates and becomes small, falling below the set lower limit liquid amount, and the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) When the temperature drops below the set temperature, the control device (20) drives the circulation pump (25) to receive the heat transfer fluid (3) in the heat transfer fluid tank (4) from the heat transfer fluid supply path (26). Supply to liquid tank (8).
受液槽(８)内の加熱器(９)は、大部分が熱媒液(３)から露出してしまうと減圧蒸気室(５)内の熱媒液蒸気と熱交換することとなって、加熱効率が低下するおそれがあるが、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が少なくなると、熱媒液槽(４)から熱媒液供給路(26)を経て低温の熱媒液(３)が供給されるので、加熱器(９)は熱媒液(３)に浸漬され続け、加熱効率の低下が抑制される。また、加熱器(９)を流通するヒートポンプ(11)の冷媒は、低温の熱媒液(３)と効率よく熱交換されて冷却されるので、冷媒温度の上昇によるヒートポンプ(11)の停止が防止される。そして、無負荷時や低負荷時の運転であっても、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が加熱器(９)により効率よく加熱されているので、真空式温水機(１)を正常運転に切り替える際に、温水熱交換器(６)から速やかに所望温度の温水が取り出される。 If most of the heater (9) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is exposed from the heat transfer liquid (3), it will exchange heat with the heat transfer liquid vapor in the reduced pressure steam chamber (5). However, when the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) becomes low, low-temperature heat is supplied from the heat transfer liquid tank (4) through the heat transfer liquid supply line (26). Since the medium liquid (3) is supplied, the heater (9) continues to be immersed in the heat medium liquid (3), thereby suppressing a decrease in heating efficiency. In addition, since the refrigerant of the heat pump (11) flowing through the heater (9) is efficiently heat-exchanged with the low-temperature heat transfer liquid (3) and cooled, the heat pump (11) does not stop due to an increase in refrigerant temperature. prevented. Even during no-load or low-load operation, the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) is efficiently heated by the heater (9), so the vacuum water heater ( When 1) is switched to normal operation, hot water at a desired temperature is quickly taken out from the hot water heat exchanger (6).
なお、上記の設定下限液量とは、例えば、加熱器(９)の大部分が露出してしまう液量など、加熱器(９)の加熱効率が低下してしまう液量をいい、例えば液位計などで測定しても良いが、加熱器(９)の冷媒出口(9b)での冷媒温度により、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)が設定下限液量を下回っているかを判断しても良い。 In addition, the set lower limit liquid amount is, for example, a liquid amount at which the heating efficiency of the heater (9) is lowered, such as a liquid amount at which most of the heater (9) is exposed. Although it may be measured with a position meter or the like, the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) falls below the set lower limit liquid amount due to the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant outlet (9b) of the heater (9). You can judge whether
本発明は、上記の各実施形態に限定されず、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の変更が可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
例えば、上記の各実施形態においては、加熱器(９)としてヒートポンプの凝縮器を用いた。しかし本発明で用いる加熱器は、受液槽内に配置されて受液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する装置であればよく、特定の加熱装置に限定されない。例えば、内部を高温水や高温ガスなどの流体が流通する配管や、電気ヒータなどを用いることも可能である。加熱器に用いることができる高温水とは、例えば、ヒートポンプ給湯機により得られた高温水、コージェネレーションシステムのエンジン冷却水、太陽熱温水器により得られた高温水、温泉水、その他の高温水などを挙げることができる。 For example, in each of the above embodiments, a condenser of a heat pump was used as the heater (9). However, the heater used in the present invention is not limited to a specific heating device as long as it is arranged in the liquid receiving tank and heats the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank. For example, it is possible to use a pipe through which a fluid such as high-temperature water or high-temperature gas flows, or an electric heater. The high-temperature water that can be used in the heater includes, for example, high-temperature water obtained from a heat pump water heater, engine cooling water for a cogeneration system, high-temperature water obtained from a solar water heater, hot spring water, and other high-temperature water. can be mentioned.
また、上記の各実施形態においては、受液槽(８)内の熱媒液(３)を加熱器(９)の周囲で流動させる流動手段(10)として、傾斜した受液槽底面(8c)を用いた。しかし本発明で用いる流動手段は、受液槽内の熱媒液を加熱器の周囲で流動させることができればよく、例えば、図５に示す更に他の実施形態のように、受液槽(８)の排出部(8b)から切換弁(27)と循環ポンプ(25)を経て受液槽(８)の基端(8a)側に循環させる熱媒液循環路(28)により流動手段(10)を構成しても良い。 In each of the above embodiments, the inclined bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank (8c) is used as the flow means (10) for flowing the heat transfer liquid (3) in the liquid receiving tank (8) around the heater (9). ) was used. However, the flow means used in the present invention only needs to be able to flow the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank around the heater. ) from the outlet (8b) to the base end (8a) of the liquid receiving tank (8) through the switching valve (27) and the circulation pump (25), the flow means (10 ) may be configured.
また、上記の各実施形態においては、補助用加熱装置(17)として燃焼式バーナ(21)と、熱媒液槽(４)内の熱媒液(３)に水没されている火炉(22)と水管(23)群を備える装置を用いた。しかし本発明で用いる補助用加熱装置は、多量の熱媒液を速やかに加熱できる装置であればよく、例えば電気ヒータなどであっても良い。また、燃焼式バーナを用いる場合には、例えば図５に示す更に他の実施形態のように、火炉(22)の側方に複数の煙管(29)を熱媒液(３)に水没させて配置したものであっても良い。 In each of the above embodiments, the combustion burner (21) as the auxiliary heating device (17) and the furnace (22) submerged in the heat transfer liquid (3) in the heat transfer liquid tank (4) and a device with a group of water tubes (23) was used. However, the auxiliary heating device used in the present invention may be any device capable of rapidly heating a large amount of heat transfer liquid, and may be an electric heater, for example. When a combustion burner is used, a plurality of smoke pipes (29) are submerged in the heat transfer liquid (3) on the side of the furnace (22) as in still another embodiment shown in FIG. It may be arranged.
１…真空式温水機
２…缶体
３…熱媒液
４…熱媒液槽
５…減圧蒸気室
６…温水熱交換器
７…加熱手段
８…受液槽
8b…排出部
8c…受液槽底面
９…加熱器
10…流動手段
11…ヒートポンプ
17…補助用加熱装置
18…液量把握装置
19…液温検出器
25…循環ポンプ
26…熱媒液供給路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vacuum-type water heater 2... Can body 3... Heat-transfer liquid 4... Heat-transfer liquid tank 5... Decompression steam chamber 6... Hot water heat exchanger 7... Heating means 8... Liquid receiving tank
8b...Exhaust part
8c...Bottom of liquid receiving tank 9...Heater
10... Fluid means
11…Heat pump
17 … Auxiliary heating device
18…Liquid level grasping device
19…Liquid temperature sensor
25 Circulation pump
26 ... heat transfer liquid supply path
Claims (11)
前記熱媒液槽と温水熱交換器との間に前記温水熱交換器で凝縮された熱媒液を受け止める受液槽が配置してあり、
前記加熱手段は前記受液槽内に配置されている加熱器を備えていることを特徴とする、真空式温水機。 A sealed can body whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a heat transfer liquid tank formed in the lower part of the can body for storing the heat transfer liquid, a reduced pressure steam chamber formed in the upper part of the can body, and a reduced pressure A vacuum water heater comprising: a hot water heat exchanger arranged in a steam chamber for condensing and liquefying generated steam by heat exchange with water; ,
A liquid receiving tank is arranged between the heat transfer liquid tank and the hot water heat exchanger to receive the heat transfer liquid condensed in the hot water heat exchanger,
A vacuum water heater, wherein the heating means comprises a heater arranged in the liquid receiving tank.
前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液温度を検出する液温検出器と、前記液温検出器の検出液温に基づき前記補助用加熱装置を駆動する制御装置とを備え、
前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記制御装置が前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する、請求項１から５のいずれかに記載の真空式温水機。 The heating means further includes an auxiliary heating device for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank,
A liquid temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, and a control device for driving the auxiliary heating device based on the liquid temperature detected by the liquid temperature detector,
2. The control device drives the auxiliary heating device to heat the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank when the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank drops below a set temperature. 6. The vacuum water heater according to any one of 5 to 5.
前記受液槽内の熱媒液の液量を計測もしくは推定する液量把握装置と、前記液量把握装置の把握液量に基づき前記補助用加熱装置を駆動する制御装置とを備え、
前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定上限液量を超えたときに、前記制御装置が前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱する、請求項１から５のいずれかに記載の真空式温水機。 The heating means further includes an auxiliary heating device for heating and evaporating the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank,
a liquid volume grasping device for measuring or estimating the liquid quantity of the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank; and a control device for driving the auxiliary heating device based on the liquid quantity grasped by the liquid quantity grasping device,
2. The control device drives the auxiliary heating device to heat the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank when the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank exceeds a set upper limit liquid amount. 6. The vacuum water heater according to any one of 5 to 5.
前記受液槽内の熱媒液の液量を計測もしくは推定する液量把握装置と、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液温度を検出する液温検出器と、前記液量把握装置の把握液量と前記液温検出器の検出液温とに基づき前記循環ポンプを駆動する制御装置とを備え、
前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定下限液量を下回っていると把握されるともに、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記制御装置が前記循環ポンプを駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を前記受液槽に供給する、請求項１から７のいずれかに記載の真空式温水機。 A heat medium liquid supply path provided with a circulation pump is provided between the heat medium liquid tank and the liquid receiving tank,
A liquid level grasping device for measuring or estimating the liquid quantity of the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank, a liquid temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank, and grasping of the liquid level grasping device. a control device for driving the circulation pump based on the liquid volume and the liquid temperature detected by the liquid temperature detector;
When it is determined that the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank is below the set lower limit liquid amount and the temperature of the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank drops below the set temperature, the control device causes the circulation 8. The vacuum water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a pump is driven to supply the heat medium liquid in said heat medium liquid tank to said liquid receiving tank.
前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下になったときに、前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とする、真空式温水機の運転方法。 A sealed can body whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a heat transfer liquid tank formed in the lower part of the can body for storing the heat transfer liquid, a reduced pressure steam chamber formed in the upper part of the can body, and a reduced pressure A hot water heat exchanger that is arranged in the steam room and condenses and liquefies the generated steam by heat exchange with water; A vacuum water heater comprising a liquid receiving tank for receiving the condensed heat transfer liquid, a heater arranged in the liquid receiving tank, and an auxiliary heating device for heating the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. A method of driving a
When the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank falls below a set temperature, the auxiliary heating device is driven to heat the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. How to operate a water heater.
前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定上限液量を超えたときに、前記補助用加熱装置を駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を加熱することを特徴とする、真空式温水機の運転方法。 A sealed can body whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a heat transfer liquid tank formed in the lower part of the can body for storing the heat transfer liquid, a reduced pressure steam chamber formed in the upper part of the can body, and a reduced pressure A hot water heat exchanger that is arranged in the steam room and condenses and liquefies the generated steam by heat exchange with water; A vacuum water heater comprising a liquid receiving tank for receiving the condensed heat transfer liquid, a heater arranged in the liquid receiving tank, and an auxiliary heating device for heating the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. A method of driving a
A vacuum type, characterized in that, when the heat transfer liquid in the liquid receiving tank exceeds a set upper limit liquid amount, the auxiliary heating device is driven to heat the heat transfer liquid in the heat transfer liquid tank. How to operate a water heater.
前記受液槽内の熱媒液が設定下限液量を下回るとともに、前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液が設定温度以下であるとき、前記循環ポンプを駆動して前記熱媒液槽内の熱媒液を前記受液槽に供給することを特徴とする、真空式温水機の運転方法。
A sealed can body whose interior is maintained at atmospheric pressure or less, a heat transfer liquid tank formed in the lower part of the can body for storing the heat transfer liquid, a reduced pressure steam chamber formed in the upper part of the can body, and a reduced pressure A hot water heat exchanger that is arranged in the steam room and condenses and liquefies the generated steam by heat exchange with water; A heat transfer liquid having a liquid receiving tank for receiving the condensed heat transfer liquid, a heater disposed within the liquid receiving tank, and a circulation pump disposed between the heat transfer liquid tank and the liquid receiving tank. A method of operating a vacuum water heater comprising a supply path,
When the heat medium liquid in the liquid receiving tank falls below the set lower limit liquid amount and the temperature of the heat medium liquid in the heat medium liquid tank is equal to or lower than the set temperature, the circulation pump is driven to A method of operating a vacuum water heater, characterized by supplying a heat transfer liquid to the liquid receiving tank.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001174056A (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-29 | Takuma Co Ltd | Vacuum type water heating equipment |
| JP2012102906A (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-31 | Nippon Thermoener Co Ltd | Heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas in vacuum water heating machine and heat recovery method using the same |
| JP2012172873A (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-09-10 | Nippon Thermoener Co Ltd | Vacuum type water heater |
| JP6359321B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2018-07-18 | 株式会社日本サーモエナー | Vacuum water heater |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT975244B (en) * | 1972-09-20 | 1974-07-20 | Stotz & Co Ag | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE DAMPING OF NOISE GENERATED IN WORKING LIQUID HEATERS ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF EVAPORATION IN VACUUM |
| JP3805892B2 (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2006-08-09 | 株式会社タクマ | Hot water boiler |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001174056A (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-29 | Takuma Co Ltd | Vacuum type water heating equipment |
| JP2012102906A (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-31 | Nippon Thermoener Co Ltd | Heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas in vacuum water heating machine and heat recovery method using the same |
| JP2012172873A (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-09-10 | Nippon Thermoener Co Ltd | Vacuum type water heater |
| JP6359321B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2018-07-18 | 株式会社日本サーモエナー | Vacuum water heater |
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