JP7366408B2 - ライソゾーム病の予防及び治療剤 - Google Patents
ライソゾーム病の予防及び治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
- A61K31/366—Lactones having six-membered rings, e.g. delta-lactones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
本発明者らは、これらの知見に基づいて、HMGCR阻害薬がLSDの予防及び/又は治療に有効であると結論し、本発明を完成するに至った。
[1]HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬を含有してなるライソゾーム病の予防又は治療剤。
[2]HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬がロバスタチンである、[1]に記載の剤。
[3]ライソゾーム病がポンペ病又はGNEミオパチーである、[1]又は[2]に記載の剤。
[4]対象におけるライソゾーム病の予防又は治療方法であって、該対象に有効量のHMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬を投与することを含む、方法。
[5]HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬がロバスタチンである、[4]に記載の方法。
[6]ライソゾーム病がポンペ病又はGNEミオパチーである、[4]又は[5]に記載の方法。
[7]ライソゾーム病の予防又は治療における使用のためのHMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬。
[8]HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害薬がロバスタチンである、[7]に記載の阻害薬。
[9]ライソゾーム病がポンペ病又はGNEミオパチーである、[7]又は[8]に記載の剤。
その投与量は症状、年齢等により異なるが、経口投与の場合には、1回当たり下限0.1mg、上限1000mg(好適には500mg)を、非経口的投与の場合には、1回当たり下限0.01mg、上限100mg(好適には50mg)を、成人に対して1日当たり1乃至6回投与することができる。症状に応じて増量もしくは減量してもよい。
(1)ポンペ病患者由来の線維芽細胞
生検した4mmの皮膚を3週間の培養後、ポンペ病患者由来の線維芽細胞として用いた。
KLF4、Sox2、Oct3/4およびc-Mycに対するヒトcDNAを、Takahashi K,et al,Cell 131(5),861,2007に記載の方法に従って、レトロウィルスを用いて前記線維芽細胞へ導入した。導入後6日目に、線維芽細胞をSNLフィーダー細胞上に移し、翌日に4ng/mlのbFGF(Wako)を添加した霊長類ES細胞用培養液へ培地を交換した。培地は、1日おきに交換し、遺伝子導入後30日目に、コロニーをピックアップした。
上記のポンペ病患者由来iPS細胞に、テトラサイクリン応答性のMyoD発現ベクターを導入し(Tanaka et al.Plos One,2013)、筋分化良好なクローン(MyoD-hiPSC)を選別した。
MyoD-hiPSCを、フィーダー細胞の不在下、マトリゲル(BD)コートディッシュ又はi-matrix(ニッキ)に播種した。マトリゲルは、霊長類ES培地で1:50に希釈した。MyoD-hiPSCをトリプシン処理し、単一の細胞に解離した。96ウェル培養プレート1ウェルに対する細胞数は3.0×103~1.0×104の範囲であった。培養液を、bFGFを有さず、10μM Y-27632(wako)を有するヒトiPS培地に変更した。24時間後、1μg/mLのドキシサイクリン(LKT Laboratories)を含むAK02NもしくはAK03(Ajinomoto)ヒトiPS培養液に添加した。Knockout Serum Replacement(KSR)(Invitrogen)、50mU/Lペニシリン/50μg/Lストレプトマイシン(Invitrogen)、1μg/mLのドキシサイクリン(LKT Laboratories)および100μM 2-メルカプトエタノール(2-ME)(Invitrogen)を添加したものに変更した。さらに5日後まで細胞培養を継続し骨格筋細胞へ分化誘導させた。これらの培養は、すべて37℃、5% CO2、加湿雰囲気下でインキュベートすることで行った。この方法により、MHC陽性の細胞が得られ、骨格筋細胞への分化誘導が確認された。
上記(3)で得られた疾患iPS細胞由来の骨格筋細胞に、それぞれ基剤(0.3% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO))、スクリーニングの場合は終濃度3μMの各種化合物、薬理評価の場合は終濃度10,3,1,0.3,0.1,0.03,0.01,0.003μMのどちらかを加えて48時間インキュベートした。その後、細胞を回収し、オートファジーを検出できるKit、Cyto-ID autophagy detection kit(Enzo Life Science,Inc.,)を用いて細胞染色した。また、染色の方法は、Kit添付の方法に従った。細胞染色したプレートをArrayScan(Thermo Scientific)を用いて測定・解析した。評価に用いた指標として、細胞内のオートファジーの蛍光値と領域の2つを用い、散布図にて化合物の評価を実施した(図1)。その中でオートファジーの領域を減少させる一群がHMGCoA阻害剤群であり、その一つが、ロバスタチンであった。
HTSスクリーニングにより見出されたスタチン類の中で、代表的な化合物としてロバスタチンを評価した。上記(3)で得られた疾患iPS細胞由来の骨格筋細胞に、それぞれ基剤(0.3% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO))、終濃度10,3,1,0.3μMのロバスタチンを加えて48時間インキュベートした。分化した細胞を、4%パラフォルムアルデヒド(wako)/PBSを用いて室温で10分間固定し、PBSで洗浄した後、PBS(ナカライテスク)に0.5% Triton X-100(Sigma-aldrich)を加えたものでpermeabilizationを室温で10分間行った。その後、PBSで洗浄し、Blocking one(ナカライテスク)を用いて4℃、30分間ブロッキングを行った後、再度PBSで洗浄した。一次抗体は、上記10% blocking one液中に、ウサギモノクローナル抗体(mAb)抗LC3B(1:200;Cellsignaling)を希釈して使用した。4℃、5時間細胞を反応させ、PBSで洗浄した。次いで、上記10% blocking one液中に、二次抗体としてAlexa fluor488結合抗ウサギIgGヤギ抗体(1:500;Invitrogen)および核染色用のHoechst33342(1:10000;Dojindo)をそれぞれ希釈したものを、室温で1時間反応させた。PBSにて洗浄した後、ArrayScan(Thermo Scientific)にて測定・解析した。その結果、オートファジーの代表的なマーカータンパク質であるLC3が健常者由来の筋細胞より、疾患由来の筋細胞では多く発現されていたが、ロバスタチン処置群では濃度依存的に減少することが確認できた(図2)。
ロバスタチンの効果を電子顕微鏡によっても評価した。上記(3)で得られた疾患iPS細胞由来の骨格筋細胞に、それぞれ基剤(0.3% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO))、終濃度10μMのロバスタチンを加えて48時間インキュベートした。その後、細胞を回収し、2%パラフォルムアルデヒドと2%のグルタルアルデヒドで30分間、固定した。PBSで3回洗浄後、サンプルを、PBS中の2%のオスミウムで4℃、1時間固定化した。次いで60℃で48時間重合化後、切片を切り出し、透過型電子顕微鏡(日本電子)にて観察した。その結果、ロバスタチン無処置群では、ポンペ病の病態であるグリコーゲン顆粒が多数蓄積したオートファジー空胞(図3 黒矢印)が観察されたが、ロバスタチン処置群ではオートファジー空胞が消失しており、より健常者由来の筋分化細胞と近い電子顕微鏡像が得られた(図4)。以上より、オートファジー機能の制御不全による細胞への影響について数多くの知見(Galluzzi et al.Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 16:487-511,2017およびParenti et al.Annual review of medicine 66:471-486,2015)を考慮すると、ロバスタチンはLSDにおけるライソゾーム機能不全と、それに伴うオートファジーの過剰蓄積の予防及び治療に有用であることが示唆された。
(1)GNEミオパチー患者由来の線維芽細胞
生検した4mmの皮膚を3週間の培養後、GNEミオパチー患者由来の線維芽細胞として用いた。
OCT3/4,SOX2,KLF4,L-Myc,LIN28に対するヒトcDNAと,shRNA-p53を、Okita K,et al,Nature Methods,2011に記載の方法に従って、エピゾーマルベクターを用いて前記線維芽細胞へ導入した。導入後6日目に、線維芽細胞をSNLフィーダー細胞上に移し、翌日に4ng/mlのbFGF(Wako)を添加した霊長類ES細胞用培養液へ培地を交換した。培地は、1日おきに交換し、遺伝子導入後30日目に、コロニーをピックアップした。
上記のGNEミオパチー患者由来iPS細胞に、テトラサイクリン応答性のMyoD発現ベクターを導入し(Tanaka et al.Plos One,2013)、筋分化良好なクローン(MyoD-hiPSC)を選別した。
MyoD-hiPSCを、フィーダー細胞の不在下、マトリゲル(BD)コートディッシュ又はi-matrix(ニッキ)に播種した。マトリゲルは、霊長類ES培地で1:50に希釈した。MyoD-hiPSCをトリプシン処理し、単一の細胞に解離した。96ウェル培養プレート1ウェルに対する細胞数は3.0×103~1.0×104の範囲であった。培養液を、bFGFを有さず、10μM Y-27632(wako)を有するヒトiPS培地に変更した。24時間後、1μg/mLのドキシサイクリン(LKT Laboratories)を含むAK02NもしくはAK03(Ajinomoto)ヒトiPS培養液に添加した。さらに24時間後、培養液を、α最小必須培地(αMEM)(ナカライテスク)に5% Knockout Serum Replacement(KSR)(Invitrogen)、50mU/Lペニシリン/50μg/Lストレプトマイシン(Invitrogen)、1μg/mLのドキシサイクリン(LKT Laboratories)および100μM 2-メルカプトエタノール(2-ME)(Invitrogen)を添加したものに変更した。さらに5日後まで細胞培養を継続し骨格筋細胞へ分化誘導させた。これらの培養は、すべて37℃、5% CO2、加湿雰囲気下でインキュベートすることで行った。この方法により、MHC陽性の細胞が得られ、骨格筋細胞への分化誘導が確認された。
GNEミオパチーに対するロバスタチンを評価した。筋分化させた細胞に終濃度、10μMのロバスタチンを加え、48時間インキュベート後、オートファジー検出KitであるCyto-ID autophagy detection kit 2.0(Enzo Life Science,Inc.,)により評価した。染色の方法は、Kit添付の方法に従った。細胞染色したプレートはArrayScan(ThermoScientific)を用いて測定・解析した。その結果、ロバスタチン処置群のオートファジー蓄積の消失が確認された(図5)。
ロバスタチンの効果を電子顕微鏡によっても評価した。上記(3)で得られた疾患iPS細胞由来の骨格筋細胞に、それぞれ基剤(0.3% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO))、終濃度10μMのロバスタチンを加えて48時間インキュベートした。その後、細胞を回収し、2%パラフォルムアルデヒドと2%のグルタルアルデヒドで30分間、固定した。PBSで3回洗浄後、サンプルを、PBS中の2%のオスミウムで4℃、1時間固定化した。次いで、60℃で48時間重合化後、切片を切り出し、透過型電子顕微鏡(日本電子)にて観察した。その結果、ロバスタチン無処置群では、凝集体が多数蓄積した小胞(図6上パネル 黒矢印)が観察されたが、ロバスタチン処置群ではその小胞が消失した(図6下パネル)。
Claims (1)
- ロバスタチン、シンバスタチン、又はセリバスタチンを含有してなるポンペ病又は縁取り空胞を伴う遠位型ミオパチー(GNEミオパチー)の予防又は治療剤。
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WO2009040816A1 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-02 | Ramot At Tel Aviv University Ltd. | Methods of treating lysosomal storage disorders |
WO2010131712A1 (ja) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | 財団法人ヒューマンサイエンス振興財団 | Gneタンパク質の機能低下に起因する疾患の治療用医薬剤、食品組成物、食品添加物 |
JP2017536363A (ja) | 2014-11-19 | 2017-12-07 | ラッシュ・ユニバーシティ・メディカル・センター | リソソーム蓄積症治療のための組成物及び方法 |
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WO2009040816A1 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-02 | Ramot At Tel Aviv University Ltd. | Methods of treating lysosomal storage disorders |
WO2010131712A1 (ja) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | 財団法人ヒューマンサイエンス振興財団 | Gneタンパク質の機能低下に起因する疾患の治療用医薬剤、食品組成物、食品添加物 |
JP2017536363A (ja) | 2014-11-19 | 2017-12-07 | ラッシュ・ユニバーシティ・メディカル・センター | リソソーム蓄積症治療のための組成物及び方法 |
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