JP7356179B2 - 誘導ナノワイヤアレイに基づく光起電力デバイス - Google Patents
誘導ナノワイヤアレイに基づく光起電力デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP7356179B2 JP7356179B2 JP2021512492A JP2021512492A JP7356179B2 JP 7356179 B2 JP7356179 B2 JP 7356179B2 JP 2021512492 A JP2021512492 A JP 2021512492A JP 2021512492 A JP2021512492 A JP 2021512492A JP 7356179 B2 JP7356179 B2 JP 7356179B2
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Classifications
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/0475—PV cell arrays made by cells in a planar, e.g. repetitive, configuration on a single semiconductor substrate; PV cell microarrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B3/0009—Forming specific nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Description
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行である。
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・基板の表面が、細長い形状を含み、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行であり、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールが、細長い形状に隣接して位置し、
アレイは、
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接してナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、を含むプロセスによって生成される。
・コア-シェル区分を含む、上記に説明されたように基板上に成長したナノワイヤ/ナノウォールのアレイと、
・第1の接点が、ワイヤのコア-シェル区分のシェルに接続され、第2の接点が、ワイヤの非シェル区分に接続されるように、ワイヤに接続された、少なくとも2つの電気接点と、を備える。
・少なくとも2つのデバイスは、第1のデバイスの正極が、第2のデバイスの負極に接続されるように、直列に電気的に接続されているか、または
・少なくとも2つのデバイスは、第1のデバイスの正極が、第2のデバイスの正極に接続されるように、並列に電気的に接続されているか、または
・少なくとも2つのデバイスが、直列に接続され、かつ少なくとも2つの他のデバイスが、並列に接続されている。
・上記に説明されたような光起電力デバイスまたはアセンブリを提供することと、
・デバイスを電磁放射線に曝し、それによって、セルによって電圧/電流を発生させることと、を含む。
・上記に説明されたような光起電力セルまたはアセンブリを提供することと、
・セルを電磁放射線に曝し、それによって、セルによって電圧/電流を発生させることと、
・電圧/電流を前記放射線の検出信号として使用することと、を含む。
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接して、その上に、またはその中に、ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、を含む。
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・基板の表面が、細長い形状を含み、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行であり、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールが、細長い形状に隣接して位置し、
方法は、
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接して、その上に、またはその中に、ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、を含む。
・堆積された層を使用してワイヤの区分を保護することと、
・シェル材料の少なくとも1つの原子/イオンを含む溶液にワイヤを曝し、それによって、保護されていないワイヤ区分(複数可)上にシェル層を形成することと、を含む。
・5nm~10μmの範囲の高さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の幅、
・10nm~1000μmの範囲の長さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の2つの隣接する形状間の間隔である。
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接して、その上に、またはその中に、ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・ナノウォール/ナノワイヤの区分にシェルを適用し、それによって、区分上にコア-シェルナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・第1の接点が、コア-シェルワイヤ区分のシェル上に適用されてシェルと接触し、第2の接点が、ワイヤの非シェル区分上に適用されるように、少なくとも2つの電気接点をデバイスに適用することと、を含む。
・堆積された層を使用してワイヤの区分を保護することと、
・シェル材料の少なくとも1つの原子/イオンを含む溶液にワイヤを曝し、それによって、保護されていないワイヤ区分(複数可)上にシェル層を形成することと、を含む。
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接してナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・ナノウォール/ナノワイヤの区分にシェルを適用し、それによって、区分上にコア-シェルナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・第1の接点が、コア-シェルワイヤ区分のシェル上に適用されてシェルと接触し、第2の接点が、ワイヤの非シェル区分上に適用されるように、少なくとも2つの電気接点をデバイスに適用することと、を含み、
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・形成されたナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行である。
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・基板の表面が、細長い形状を含み、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行であり、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールが、細長い形状に隣接して位置し、
アレイは、
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接してナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、を含むプロセスによって生成される。
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールが、コア-シェル区分を含む、上記に説明されたようなナノワイヤアレイと、
・第1の接点が、ワイヤのコア-シェル区分のシェルに接続され、第2の接点が、ワイヤの非シェル区分に接続されるように、ワイヤに接続された、少なくとも2つの電気接点と、を備える。
・少なくとも2つのデバイスは、第1のデバイスの正極が、第2のデバイスの負極に接続されるように、直列に電気的に接続されているか、または
・少なくとも2つのデバイスは、第1のデバイスの正極が、第2のデバイスの正極に接続されるように、並列に電気的に接続されているか、または
・少なくとも2つのデバイスが、直列に接続され、かつ少なくとも2つの他のデバイスが、並列に接続されている。
・上記に説明されたような光起電力デバイスまたはアセンブリを提供することと、
・デバイスを電磁放射線に曝し、それによって、セルによって電圧/電流を発生させることと、を含む。
・上記に説明されたような光起電力セルまたはアセンブリを提供することと、
・セルを電磁放射線に曝し、それによって、セルによって電圧/電流を発生させることと、
・電圧/電流を放射線の検出信号として使用することと、を含む。
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・基板の表面が、細長い形状を含み、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行であり、
・ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールが、細長い形状に隣接して位置し、
方法は、
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接して、その上に、またはその中に、ナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、を含む。
・堆積された層を使用してワイヤの区分を保護することと、
・シェル材料の少なくとも1つの原子/イオンを含む溶液にワイヤを曝し、それによって、保護されていないワイヤ区分(複数可)上にシェル層を形成することと、を含む。
・布が研磨機のホイールに取り付けられ、
・布が水に浸され、
・布がダイヤモンド懸濁液を噴霧され、
・懸濁液がホイールを回転させながら水で散布され、
・ガラスまたはSi/SiO2基板が、布の縁に取り付けられ、
・基板がホイールの回転によって研磨される。
・5nm~10μmの範囲の高さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の幅、
・10nm~1000μmの範囲の長さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の2つの隣接する形状間の間隔である。
・基板上に細長い形状のアレイを構築することと、
・細長い形状の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布することと、
・基板を蒸気に曝し、蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤ/ナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子/イオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、細長い形状に隣接してナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・ナノウォール/ナノワイヤの区分にシェルを適用し、それによって、区分上にコア-シェルナノワイヤ/ナノウォールを形成することと、
・第1の接点が、コア-シェルワイヤ区分のシェル上に適用されてシェルと接触し、第2の接点が、ワイヤの非シェル区分上に適用されるように、少なくとも2つの電気接点をデバイスに適用することと、を含み、
・基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・形成されたナノワイヤ/ナノウォールの長さ寸法が、基板の表面に平行である。
・堆積された層を使用してワイヤの区分を保護することと、
・シェル材料の少なくとも1つの原子/イオンを含む溶液にワイヤを曝し、それによって、保護されていないワイヤ区分(複数可)上にシェル層を形成することと、を含む。
・気相からの堆積によってナノワイヤを形成することと、
・液相からの堆積によってナノワイヤ上またはその一部分上にシェルを形成することと、を含む。
Claims (22)
- 基板上に成長したナノワイヤまたはナノウォールのアレイを生成する方法であって、
・前記基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・前記基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・前記基板の表面が、細長い形状の部分を含み、
・前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの長さ方向が、前記基板の前記表面に平行であり、
・前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールが、前記細長い形状の部分に隣接して位置し、
前記方法は、
・前記基板上に前記細長い形状の部分のアレイを構築するステップであって、前記細長い形状の部分は、閉じた中空形状を形成する保護層を有していない、該ステップと、
・前記細長い形状の部分の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布するステップと、
・前記基板を蒸気に曝し、前記蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤまたはナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子またはイオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、前記細長い形状の部分に隣接して、またはその上に、またはその中に、前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールを形成するステップと、を含む、方法。 - 前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分上にシェルを適用し、それによって、前記区分上にコア-シェルナノワイヤまたはコア-シェルナノウォールを形成するシェル適用ステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シェル適用ステップが、
・堆積された層を使用して前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分を保護するステップと、
・前記シェルの材料の少なくとも1つの原子またはイオンを含む溶液に前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールを曝し、それによって、保護されていない前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分上にシェル層を形成するステップと、を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記シェル層が、陽イオン交換反応によって形成される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記陽イオン交換反応が、0.05MのCuClアンモニア溶液(25%NH3)中で50℃で実施される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ・前記シェルの厚さが、1nm~1μmの範囲であり、
・前記コア-シェルナノワイヤまたはコア-シェルナノウォールの長さが、10nm~1000μmの範囲である、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記シェルが、Cu2S、CdSe、ZnSe、ZnS、CdS、ZnTe、ZnO、PbS、PbSe、InN、GaP、InP、GaAs、InAs、InSb、ZnO、In2O3、TiO2、SnO2、Bi2Te3、Bi2Se3、Sb2Te3、Si、SiC、Ge、InGaN、AlGaN、MAPbX3、およびCsPbX3(X=Br、Cl、I)を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールが、前記細長い形状の部分と接触している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細長い形状の部分が、溝、ステップ、リッジ、トレンチまたはチャネルの形態である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細長い形状の部分が、フォトリソグラフィ、インプリントリソグラフィ、電子ビームリソグラフィ、表面スクラッチング、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせを使用して構築される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細長い形状の部分が、研磨性材料を使用して機械的にラビング、スクラッチング、または研磨することによって構築される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細長い形状の部分の寸法が、
・5nm~10μmの範囲の高さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の幅、
・10nm~1000μmの範囲の長さ、
・10nm~10μmの範囲の2つの隣接する形状間の間隔である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールのアレイ内の前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの数が、1~1,000,000の範囲である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細長い形状の部分が、互いに平行である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 形成された前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールが、互いに平行である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 光起電力デバイスを製造する方法であって、
前記方法は、
・基板上に細長い形状の部分のアレイを構築するステップであって、前記細長い形状の部分は、閉じた中空形状を形成する保護層を有していない、該ステップと、
・前記細長い形状の部分の領域上に成長触媒材料を塗布するステップと、
・前記基板を蒸気に曝し、前記蒸気が、
〇ナノワイヤまたはナノウォール形成に必要とされる原子またはイオン、および
〇キャリアガスを含み、
それによって、前記細長い形状の部分に隣接してナノワイヤまたはナノウォールを形成するステップと、
・前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分にシェルを適用し、それによって、前記区分上にコア-シェルナノワイヤまたはコア-シェルナノウォールを形成するシェル適用ステップと、
・第1の接点および第2の接点を含む少なくとも2つの電気接点を前記光起電力デバイスに適用するステップであって、前記第1の接点が、前記コア-シェルナノワイヤまたはコア-シェルナノウォールの区分の前記シェル上に適用されて前記シェルと接触し、前記第2の接点が、前記コア-シェルナノワイヤまたはコア-シェルナノウォールの非シェル区分上に適用されるように実施する、該ステップと、を含み、
・前記基板が、アモルファス基板であるか、または
・前記基板が、多結晶基板であり、
・形成された前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの長さ方向が、前記基板の表面に平行である、方法。 - 前記シェル適用ステップが、
・堆積された層を使用して前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分を保護するステップと、
・前記シェルの材料の少なくとも1つの原子またはイオンを含む溶液に前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールを曝し、それによって、保護されていない前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの区分上にシェル層を形成するステップと、を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。 - 前記少なくとも2つの電気接点が、フォトリソグラフィおよび金属蒸着を使用して適用される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも2つの電気接点が、負荷、電気測定デバイス、またはそれらの組み合わせに接続されている、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記基板上で、かつ前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォール上の電気的接触エリアが、フォトリソグラフィによって画定され、金属蒸着が、前記電気的接触エリア内に行われる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも2つの電気接点が、Auか、またはCrおよびAuのいずれかを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも2つの電気接点の一部分が、細長いストライプの形状で堆積され、前記ストライプの長軸が、前記ナノワイヤまたはナノウォールの長軸の方向に垂直に堆積される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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