JP7204324B2 - 異方性フォームの繊維強化 - Google Patents
異方性フォームの繊維強化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7204324B2 JP7204324B2 JP2017533963A JP2017533963A JP7204324B2 JP 7204324 B2 JP7204324 B2 JP 7204324B2 JP 2017533963 A JP2017533963 A JP 2017533963A JP 2017533963 A JP2017533963 A JP 2017533963A JP 7204324 B2 JP7204324 B2 JP 7204324B2
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- fiber
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- extruded foam
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Classifications
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Description
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されており、
繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されている、成型品によって達成される。
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、発泡フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た発泡フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように発泡フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されている、成型品をさらに提供する。
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されている(または作製することができ、もしくは作製された)。
i) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物が、少なくとも1種の添加剤を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程II)中にポリマー溶融物に添加され、および/もしくは工程II)と工程III)との間に発泡性ポリマー溶融物に添加され、ならびに/または
iii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程III)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、および/もしくは工程IV)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、ならびに/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S2)が、工程IV)の最中および/もしくは直後に押出フォームに装着され、ならびに/または
v) 次のプロセス工程、すなわち、
V) 工程IV)において得られた押出フォームの材料除去処理
が、工程IV)後に実施される
ことが、好ましい。
i) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、異方性であり、および/または
ii) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最小寸法(c方向)に対する最大寸法(a方向)の比が、1.05、好ましくは1.1から10までの範囲、特に好ましくは1.2から5までの範囲であり、および/または
iii) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最小寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.5mm未満、好ましくは0.2mm未満であり、および/または
iv) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性であり、および/または
v) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、セルの最大寸法(a方向)に基づいて成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して≦45°、好ましくは≦30°、より好ましくは≦5°の角度γで整列されており、および/または
vi) 押出フォームが、少なくとも80%、好ましくは少なくとも95%、より好ましくは少なくとも98%の独立セル含量を有し、および/または
vii) 繊維(F)が、押出フォームのセルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最大寸法(a方向)に対して≦60°、好ましくは≦50°の角度εをなしている、
本発明の成型品も同様に好ましい。
ii) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の弾性率、好ましくはすべての弾性率が、異方性材料、好ましくは直交異方性もしくは横等方性材料のように振る舞い、および/または
iii) 長さ(x方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比および/または幅(y方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比が、≧1.1、好ましくは≧1.5、特に好ましくは2から10の間である、
本発明の成型品が、さらに好ましい。
i) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、好ましくはスロットもしくは穴であり、より好ましくは押出方法の工程IV)の実施後に成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面上に作製された、少なくとも1個の凹みを有し、および/または
ii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、好ましくはスロットもしくは穴であり、より好ましくは押出方法の工程V)の実施後に成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面上に作製された、少なくとも1個の凹みを有する。
i) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、第1の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、好ましくは完全に接触しており、および/または
ii) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、好ましくは完全に接触しており、および/または
iii) パネルが、成型品の少なくとも1つの面と少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に、好ましくは二次元的な繊維材料もしくはポリマーフィルム、より好ましくはガラス繊維もしくは炭素繊維から構成された、ウェブ、スクリムもしくは織り組織の形態の少なくとも1つの層(S2)を有し、および/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルの成型品の押出フォームが、≦2000g/m2、好ましくは≦1000g/m2、より好ましくは≦500g/m2、最も好ましくは≦100g/m2の表面吸樹脂量を有し、および/または
v) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルが、≧200J/m2、好ましくは≧500J/m2、より好ましくは≧2000J/m2のはく離抵抗性を有する、
パネルも同様に好ましい。
i) 繊維材が、スクリムもしくは織り組織1つ当たり150g/m2から2500g/m2までの基本質量を有する、チョップドファイバー、ウェブ、スクリム、編み物および/もしくは織り組織からできた1つもしくは複数の薄層の形態、好ましくはスクリムもしくは織り組織の形態、より好ましくはスクリムもしくは織り組織の形態の繊維を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維材が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維、好ましくはポリマー繊維、玄武岩繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維もしくは天然繊維、より好ましくはガラス繊維もしくは炭素繊維のうちの繊維を含む。
a) 任意に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在する、工程、
c) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
d) 押出フォームの第1の面から穴の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで針を通り抜けさせ、針に任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせる工程、
e) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程および
f) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程
によって実施することが好ましく、
工程b)と工程d)とを同時に実施することがより好ましい。
a) 任意に、層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
c) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在し、穴が、針に押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせることによって作製される、工程
d) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程、
e) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程、
f) 任意に、第2の面上の繊維(F)を切り取る工程および
g) 任意に、針に付いて形成された繊維(F)のループを切開する工程
を含んでもよい。
i) 構造体の1つだけの面上への流動助剤の使用および/または
ii) 構造体の両面上への流動助剤の使用および/または
iii) 半透膜を有する構造体(VAP構造体);半透膜は好ましくは、成型品の全領域にわたって覆いかぶせられており、半透膜を覆いかぶせた成形品の1つの面または両面上には、流動助剤、分離フィルムおよびはく離織布が使用されているが、真空封止テープを使って半透膜により成型品の表面を封止し、吸収フリースを、成型品から遠くにある方の半透膜の面上に取り付けており、この結果、空気が、全領域にわたって上方に排気されるようになっている、および/または
iv) ゲートに対向している成型品の面に位置決めされ、この結果、空気が反対側の面からゲートに排気されるようになることが好ましいメンブレンフィルムから製造された、真空ポケットの使用。
a) フォームの作製
すべての本発明の実験において、様々な押出フォーム(例IF1からIF6)を使用している。比較のために、ポリマーフォームを、粒子を発泡させる型のプロセスによって作製した(比較例CF7およびCF8)。表1は、使用されたフォームおよびこれらのフォームの特徴的な性質の概要を提供している。個別のフォームを下記のように作製した後、強化のために20mmに切り詰める。
本発明のフォームスラブが、タンデム型押出システム内で作製される。100部のポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)を難燃剤および添加剤(0.2部のタルク)と一緒に、溶融押出機に継続的に供給する。難燃剤および添加剤は、ポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)に取り込まれたマスターバッチの形態である。溶融押出機(ZSK120)に組み込まれた注入口を介して、発泡剤(CO2、エタノール、i-ブタン)を継続的に送り込む。発泡剤を含む総処理能力は、750kg/hである。発泡剤を含有する溶融物を、下流側の冷却押出機(KE400)内で冷却し、スロットダイの中を通るように押出する。発泡している溶融物を、表面がTeflonによって被覆されている加熱された較正器により、コンベヤベルトを用いて相異なる引取り速度で引き取り、スラブに形成する。機械的加工前の一般的なスラブ寸法は、概ね幅700mm(y方向)および厚さ50mm(z方向)である。
IF1と同様に、フォームスラブが、タンデム型押出システム内で作製される。25部のPPEおよび75部のPSからなる総体としての配合物を作製するために、溶融押出機(ZSK120)に、ポリフェニレンエーテルマスターバッチ(PPE/PSマスターバッチ、Noryl C6850、Sabic)およびポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)を継続的に供給する。さらに、タルク(0.2部)等の添加剤をPSマスターバッチ(PS148H、BASF)として、取入れ口を介して計量供給する。発泡剤(CO2、エタノールおよびi-ブタン)を、加圧下で注入口に注入する。発泡剤および添加剤を含む総処理能力は、750kg/hである。発泡剤を含有する溶融物を、下流側の冷却押出機(ZE400)内で冷却し、スロットダイの中を通るように押出する。発泡している溶融物を、表面がTeflonによって被覆されている加熱された較正器により、コンベヤベルトを用いて引き取り、スラブに形成する。機械的加工前の一般的なスラブ寸法は、概ね幅800mm(y方向)および厚さ60mm(z方向)である。
IF1と同様に、同じタンデム型押出システムを、同じ処理能力を用いて使用する。使用されるポリマーは、50部のスチレン-無水マレイン酸ポリマー(SMA)(Xiran SZ26080、Polyscope)および50部のスチレン-アクリロニトリルポリマー(SAN)(VLL25080、BASF)の配合物である。さらに、核形成剤(0.2部のタルク)および安定剤(0.2部のTinuvin234)を添加する。使用される発泡剤は、CO2、アセトンおよびi-ブタンである。
ポリエステルフォームを、押出システム内で多口ダイの中を通るように発泡押出する。熱可塑性ポリマー(脱水PETビーズ)を、二軸押出機(スクリュー直径=132mm、直径に対する長さの比=24)の溶融区域において溶融させ、核形成剤と混合する。溶融後、シクロペンタンを発泡剤として添加する。総処理能力は、約150kg/hである。発泡剤の添加直後に、均一な溶融物を下流側ハウジングおよび静的ミキサーによって冷却する。溶融物は、多口ダイに到達する前に、溶融物用フィルターを通り抜けなければならない。膨張性溶融物を、多口ダイによって発泡させ、個々のストランドを、較正装置によって合わせて一塊にする。続いて、押出されたスラブに、一定の幾何学的外形になるような材料除去によって仕上げ加工を施し、押出方向に対して平行な熱溶接によって一体化する。フォームの平均密度は、60kg/m3である。
使用されるフォームは、ポリエステル主体型成型フォームである。膨張性ビーズおよびフォームスラブを、WO2012/020112、例7と同様に作製する。
使用されるフォームは、粒子を発泡させる型の機械装置内でフォームスラブとして作製されたポリスチレン主体型成型フォームであり、後で、ノコギリで切断してスラブにする(原材料の主成分:Styropor P326、BASF)。
フォームの特性を次のように測定する。
すべてのフォームは、ガラス繊維によって強化される。成型品は、次のように作製され、成型品の特性は、表2に示されている。実験に応じて、手に乗せられる供試材から、より大きな試料に至るまでが、作製される。
フォームIF1を、ガラス繊維(ロービング、S2ガラス、406tex、AGY)によって強化する。ロービングの形態のガラス繊維を、0°の角度αで導入する。ガラス繊維は、a1=a2=12mmの等距離になるように、規則的な長方形パターンで導入されている。後で外側プライとして導入されるガラス繊維マットへの固着を改良するために、両面上には、約5.5mmのガラス繊維が余剰部分として、外側プライにさらに残されている。繊維または繊維ロービングは、針とかぎとを併用する型のプロセスによって自動的に導入される。最初に、かぎ針(約0.80mmの直径)を、第1の面から押出フォームの第2の面まで完全に貫入するように使用する。第2の面上には、ロービングをかぎ針のかぎにつなぎとめ、次いで、針によって第2の面から押出フォームの第1の面まで引っ張り戻す。最後に、第2の面上のロービングを切り取り、針に付いて形成されたロービングのループを切開する。この結果、かぎ針は、次の操作に使える状態になる。
フォームIF1を、ガラス繊維(ロービング、S2ガラス、406tex、AGY)によってCM1と同様に強化する。ロービングの形態のガラス繊維を、90°の角度βで相異なる異なる4つの空間的方向に向かって、45°の角度αで導入する。
フォームIF2をCM1と同様に強化するが、角度εのみは、異なる。
フォームIF3をCM1と同様に強化する。
フォームIF4をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームIF4をIM2と同様に強化する。強化前に、スロットの付いているスラブを、丸ノコギリを使った材料除去処理によって作製する。長手方向および横方向のスロットの間隔は、30mmである。スロットは、2mmのスロット幅および19mmのスロット深さ(20mmのスラブ厚さ)を有するスラブの1つの面上にのみ導入されている。
IM7の作製は、IM6と同様である。スロットの導入に加えて、テキスタイル裏当て用のテキスタイル(キャンバス地、50g/m2、熱可塑性バインダー含有のEガラス)も、熱的手段によってスロットの付いていない面上に装着する。
フォームIF4を、IM5と同様に強化する。相違点は、異なるかぎ針(直径約1.12mm)およびより厚いロービング(Eガラス、SE1500、900tex、3B)が使用されることである。
フォームIF4を、かえし付きのかぎ針によって強化する。この目的のために、30mmの長さを有するロービング(Eガラス)から構成されたチョップドグラスファイバーを、フォームの全領域にわたって施用した後、いくつかのかえし付きのかぎ針を有する針棒とつながった針によって押し込み、フォーム中に差し入れる。針を引き出した後には、繊維の大部分がフォーム中に残留しているが、表面の過剰な繊維を吸引によって除去する。この工程を、すべての所望の方向に向けて繰り返す。相異なる方向の繊維の比率は、事実上同一である。
フォームIF5をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームIF6をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームCF7をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームCF8をIM2と同様に強化する。
- ドレープ性:成型品のドレープ性は、定性的に測定される。この目的のために、成型品を、2mの曲率半径を有する湾曲した型上に配置する。型の曲率への適合および材料の損失または成型品の欠陥の回避を査定する。
続いて、成型品を使用して、節a)(吸樹脂量の測定)において上述したように真空インフュージョン(VI)により繊維強化外側プライを装着することによって、パネルを作製する。しかしながら、フォームではなく成型品を使用しており、吸樹脂量の測定とは著しく異なり、成型品とガラスロービングとの間に分離フィルムがさらに導入されることはない。
- せん断剛性および安定性:せん断特性は、DIN53294に従って、23℃および50%の相対湿度(1982年2月版)で測定される。
(好ましい繊維角度の例示用のパネルの設計、理論的な判定)
押出フォームIF4を含む成型品の機械的特性を、理論的に判定した。使用された繊維(F)は、ガラス繊維(ロービング、Eガラス、900tex、3B)だった。繊維(F)が導入されたと想定した角度αは、0°から80°までの範囲だった。>0°の角度αにおいて、繊維(F)は、互いに対して角度β(0°、90°、180°、270°)で異なる4つの空間的方向に向かっていると想定した。規則的な長方形パターンがa=16mmの等距離を有し、0°の角度αにおいては、1m2当たり15625本のガラス繊維要素があると想定した。
Claims (16)
- 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している、押出フォームから製造された成型品であって、押出フォームが、
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されており、
繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されており、2本以上の繊維(F)が、成型品中で互いに対して角度βをなしており、角度βが、β=360°/nとして定義され、ここで、nは2~6の範囲の整数であり、
押出フォームが、セルを含み、
繊維(F)が、押出フォームのセルの少なくとも50%の最大寸法(a方向)に対して≦60°の角度εをなしている、ことを特徴とする成型品。 - i) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物が、少なくとも1種の添加剤を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程II)中にポリマー溶融物に添加され、および/もしくは工程II)と工程III)との間に発泡性ポリマー溶融物に添加され、ならびに/または
iii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程III)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、および/もしくは工程IV)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、ならびに/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S2)が、工程IV)の最中および/もしくは直後に押出フォームに装着され、ならびに/または
v) 次のプロセス工程、すなわち、
V) 工程IV)において得られた押出フォームの材料除去処理
が、工程IV)後に実施される、
請求項1に記載の成型品。 - 押出フォームが、ポリスチレン、ポリエステル、ポリフェニレンオキシド、フェニレンオキシドから製造されるコポリマー、スチレンから製造されるコポリマー、ポリアリールエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリアリールエーテルケトン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリカルボネート、ポリアクリレート、ポリ乳酸、ポリビニルクロリドまたはこれらの混合物から選択される少なくとも1種のポリマーを主体としている、請求項1または2に記載の成型品。
- 押出フォームが、セルを含み、
i) セルの少なくとも50%が、異方性であり、および/または
ii) セルの少なくとも50%の最小寸法(c方向)に対する最大寸法(a方向)の比が、≧1.05の範囲であり、および/または
iii) セルの少なくとも50%の最小寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.01mmから1mmまでの範囲であり、および/または
iv) セルの少なくとも50%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性であり、および/または
v) セルの少なくとも50%が、セルの最大寸法(a方向)に基づいて成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して≦45°の角度γで整列されており、および/または
vi) 押出フォームが、少なくとも80%の独立セル含量を有している、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の機械的特性が、異方性であり、ならびに/または
ii) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の弾性率が、異方性材料のように振る舞い、ならびに/または
iii) 長さ(x方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比および/または幅(y方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比が、≧1.1である、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 押出フォームが、4mmから200mmまでの範囲の厚さ(z方向)、少なくとも200mmの長さ(x方向)および少なくとも200mmの幅(y方向)を有し、ならびに/または
ii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、少なくとも1個の凹みを有し、ならびに/または
iii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、少なくとも1個の凹みを有する、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 繊維(F)が、単繊維もしくは繊維束であり、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維(F)が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維またはこれらの組合せであり、ならびに/または
iii) 繊維(F)が、1束当たり少なくとも10本の数の単繊維を有する繊維束の形態で使用され、ならびに/または
iv) 繊維領域(FB1)および繊維領域(FB3)がそれぞれ独立に、繊維(F)の全長の1%から45%までを占め、繊維領域(FB2)が、10%から98%までを占め、ならびに/または
v) 繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して30°から60°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されており、ならびに/または
vi) 成型品において、そこから繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が突出している成型品の第1の面が、そこから繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が突出している成型品の第2の面に対向しており、ならびに/または
vii) 成型品が、多数の繊維(F)を含み、および/もしくは1m2当たり10本より多い繊維(F)または繊維束を含む、
請求項1から6に記載の成型品。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1つの成型品および少なくとも1つの層(S1)を含む、パネル。
- 層(S1)が、少なくとも1種の樹脂を含む、請求項8に記載のパネル。
- 層(S1)が、少なくとも1種の繊維材をさらに含み、
i) 繊維材が、チョップドファイバー、ウェブ、スクリム、編み物および/もしくは織り組織からできた1つまたは複数の薄層の形態の繊維を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維材が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維を含む、
請求項8または9に記載のパネル。 - パネルが、2つの層(S1)を有し、2つの層(S1)がそれぞれ、成型品の他方の面に対向する、成型品の一面上に取り付けられている、請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。
- i) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、第1の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、および/または
ii) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、および/または
iii) パネルが、成型品の少なくとも1つの面と少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を有し、および/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルの成型品の押出フォームが、≦2000g/m2の表面吸樹脂量を有し、および/または
v) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルが、≧200J/m2のはく離抵抗性を有する、
請求項8から11のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。 - 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を部分的に押出フォーム中に導入することを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品を作製するための方法であって、この部分的な導入の結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出しており、この結果、繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されている、方法。
- 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が部分的に、針を使用して少なくとも1本の繊維(F)縫い付けることによって押出フォーム中に導入され、
この部分的な導入を、
a) 任意に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在する、工程、
c) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
d) 押出フォームの第1の面から穴の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで針を通り抜けさせ、針に任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせる工程、
e) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程および
f) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程、
によって実施することが好ましく、
工程b)と工程d)とを同時に実施することがより好ましい、
請求項13に記載の方法。 - 反応性のあるねばついた樹脂の形態の少なくとも1つの層(S1)を請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品上に作製し、装着し、硬化させることを含む、請求項8から12のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを作製する方法。
- 風車の動翼のために、輸送分野において、建設分野において、自動車製造において、造船において、鉄道車両製造において、コンテナ製造のために、衛生設備のためにおよび/または航空宇宙において、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品または請求項8から12のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを使用する方法。
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JP4436435B1 (ja) * | 2009-07-02 | 2010-03-24 | Wpcコーポレーション株式会社 | 押出発泡成形用の成形材料及びその製造方法,並びに前記成形材料を使用して製造した木質発泡成形体,前記木質発泡成形体の製造方法並びに製造装置 |
EP2766175A1 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-08-20 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Method of manufacturing a composite panel |
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2015
- 2015-12-15 JP JP2017533963A patent/JP7204324B2/ja active Active
- 2015-12-15 RU RU2017126243A patent/RU2705952C2/ru active
- 2015-12-15 BR BR112017013539-6A patent/BR112017013539A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-12-15 CA CA2971772A patent/CA2971772A1/en active Pending
- 2015-12-15 EP EP15828485.1A patent/EP3237511B1/de active Active
- 2015-12-15 CN CN201580076638.6A patent/CN107257820B/zh active Active
- 2015-12-15 US US15/538,788 patent/US20170369667A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2003518453A (ja) | 1999-12-28 | 2003-06-10 | ウェブコア テクノロジーズ,インコーポレイティド | 繊維強化複合コアおよびパネル |
JP4189526B2 (ja) | 2001-11-28 | 2008-12-03 | 株式会社大一商会 | 遊技機 |
JP2008545551A (ja) | 2005-05-27 | 2008-12-18 | エアバス・ドイチュラント・ゲーエムベーハー | 強化発泡材 |
JP4843056B2 (ja) | 2006-11-30 | 2011-12-21 | 富士通株式会社 | 試験装置、試験方法、および製造方法 |
JP2013166881A (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Kaneka Corp | スチレン系樹脂押出発泡体およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2017126243A3 (ja) | 2019-05-16 |
CN107257820B (zh) | 2021-05-14 |
CN107257820A (zh) | 2017-10-17 |
RU2017126243A (ru) | 2019-01-25 |
CA2971772A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
EP3237511C0 (de) | 2023-08-16 |
BR112017013539A2 (pt) | 2018-03-06 |
US20170369667A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
EP3237511B1 (de) | 2023-08-16 |
WO2016102243A1 (de) | 2016-06-30 |
RU2705952C2 (ru) | 2019-11-12 |
EP3237511A1 (de) | 2017-11-01 |
JP2018506610A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
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