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JP7270138B2 - Undersea noise reduction method and installation member - Google Patents

Undersea noise reduction method and installation member Download PDF

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JP7270138B2
JP7270138B2 JP2019100673A JP2019100673A JP7270138B2 JP 7270138 B2 JP7270138 B2 JP 7270138B2 JP 2019100673 A JP2019100673 A JP 2019100673A JP 2019100673 A JP2019100673 A JP 2019100673A JP 7270138 B2 JP7270138 B2 JP 7270138B2
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seabed
power generation
wind power
noise reduction
offshore wind
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JP2020193603A (en
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明弘 本田
慎二 桐原
崇 志田
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Hirosaki University NUC
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

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Description

特許法第３０条第２項適用 グランド再生可能エネルギー ２０１８ 国際会議、平成３０年６月２０日Patent Act Article 30, Paragraph 2 Application Grand Renewable Energy 2018 International Conference, June 20, 2018

本発明は、海中騒音低減方法及び設置部材に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an undersea noise reduction method and an installation member.

風力発電は、火力発電のように二酸化炭素といった温室効果ガスを必要としないことから環境に優しいだけでなく、燃料なども必要としないため、我が国の海域の洋上に設置することが積極的に検討されている。一方、洋上風力発電の１つには騒音問題が挙げられる。風力発電の騒音を低減させる従来の技術には例えば風力発電のブレードの表部材と裏部材とにそれぞれ凹凸を設けたものが開示されている。 Unlike thermal power generation, wind power generation does not require greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, so it is not only environmentally friendly, but also does not require fuel, so we are actively considering installing it in the oceans of Japan. It is On the other hand, one of the problems of offshore wind power generation is noise. Conventional techniques for reducing the noise of wind power generation include, for example, providing unevenness on the front and back members of wind power generation blades.

特開２０１５－７５０６２号公報JP 2015-75062 A

本発明者らは、洋上風力発電設備から発生する騒音を低減する技術について鋭意研究している。 The present inventors are earnestly researching techniques for reducing noise generated from offshore wind power generation facilities.

そこで本発明は、洋上風力発電設備から発声する騒音を低減する海中騒音低減方法及び設置部材を提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an undersea noise reduction method and an installation member for reducing noise emitted from an offshore wind power generation facility.

上記目的を達成する本発明に係る海中騒音低減方法は、少なくとも下部が海底に設置可能であって上部が海底から海上に延在する水生生物を海底に設置された洋上風力発電設備の周囲に移植するか、または前記下部が海底に埋設されている前記水生生物の群落の周囲に前記洋上風力発電設備を設置し、前記水生生物の周囲の海底に設置部材を設置し、前記洋上風力発電設備は、海底から垂直方向に延び、海中において他の構造物と接続されていない支柱を備える。また、本発明の一態様は、上記騒音低減方法に用いられ、海底において上記水生生物の周囲に設置可能な設置部材である。 A method for reducing undersea noise according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to transplant aquatic organisms having at least a lower part that can be installed on the seabed and an upper part that extends from the seabed to the sea around an offshore wind power generation facility installed on the seabed. Alternatively, the offshore wind power generation equipment is installed around the colony of the aquatic organisms whose lower part is buried in the seabed, an installation member is installed on the seabed around the aquatic organisms, and the offshore wind power generation equipment is , with struts extending vertically from the seabed and not connected to other structures in the sea . Another aspect of the present invention is an installation member that is used in the noise reduction method and that can be installed around the aquatic organisms on the seabed.

本発明に係る騒音低減方法及び設置部材によれば、洋上風力設備による騒音を低減することができる。 According to the noise reduction method and installation member according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce noise caused by offshore wind power facilities.

本発明の第１実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing an undersea noise reduction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 図１に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す正面図である。2 is a front view of the undersea noise reduction system according to FIG. 1; FIG. 図１に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す平面図である。2 is a plan view showing the undersea noise reduction system according to FIG. 1; FIG. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an undersea noise reduction system according to a second embodiment of the present invention; 図４に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す正面図である。5 is a front view of the undersea noise reduction system according to FIG. 4; FIG. 図４に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す平面図である。Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the undersea noise reduction system according to Fig. 4; 本発明の第３実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す斜視図である。FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an undersea noise reduction system according to a third embodiment of the present invention; 図７に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す正面図である。8 is a front view of the undersea noise reduction system according to FIG. 7; FIG. 図７に係る海中騒音低減システムを示す平面図である。FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the undersea noise reduction system according to FIG. 7;

以下、添付した図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態を説明する。なお、以下の記載は特許請求の範囲に記載される技術的範囲や用語の意義を限定するものではない。また、図面の寸法比率は説明の都合上誇張されており、実際の比率とは異なる場合がある。なお、以下では海等の水面に沿う面をＸＹ平面と記載する。また、ＸＹ平面に直交する高さ方向を高さ方向Ｚと記載する。また、洋上風力発電設備１０の支柱４０の周方向又は角度方向を周方向θとする。また、洋上風力発電設備１０の支柱４０の径方向又は放射方向を径方向ｒとする。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. The following description does not limit the technical scope or the meaning of terms described in the claims. Also, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation, and may differ from the actual ratios. In addition, below, the surface which follows the water surfaces, such as the sea, is described as XY plane. Also, a height direction perpendicular to the XY plane is referred to as a height direction Z. As shown in FIG. Also, the circumferential direction or angular direction of the struts 40 of the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 is defined as the circumferential direction θ. Also, the radial direction or the radial direction of the struts 40 of the offshore wind power generation facility 10 is defined as the radial direction r.

（第１実施形態）
図１～図３は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムの説明に供する図である。 (First embodiment)
1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining an undersea noise reduction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

本実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システム１００は、洋上風力発電設備１０と、水生生物５０と、設置部材６０と、を有する。 An undersea noise reduction system 100 according to this embodiment includes an offshore wind power generation facility 10 , aquatic organisms 50 , and installation members 60 .

（洋上風力発電設備）
洋上風力発電設備１０は、洋上風力発電設備として洋上に吹く風を動力源としてエネルギーの生成を行う。洋上風力発電設備１０は、図１に示すようにブレード２０と、回転軸３０と、支柱４０と、を備える。 (Offshore wind power generation facility)
The offshore wind power generation equipment 10 generates energy by using the wind blowing on the sea as a power source as an offshore wind power generation equipment. The offshore wind power generation facility 10 includes a blade 20, a rotating shaft 30, and a strut 40, as shown in FIG.

ブレード２０は、回転軸３０を中心として風を受けることによって回転可能に構成している。ブレード２０は本実施形態において回転軸３０の周囲に３つ略等間隔に設けるように構成している。ただし、風力発電ができればブレードの具体的な形状や個数、及び配置は図１等に限定されない。 The blade 20 is configured to be rotatable around a rotating shaft 30 by receiving wind. In this embodiment, three blades 20 are arranged around the rotating shaft 30 at substantially equal intervals. However, as long as wind power generation is possible, the specific shape, number, and arrangement of the blades are not limited to those shown in FIG. 1 and the like.

回転軸３０は、ブレード２０を回転可能に支持している。回転軸３０は、ナセル、動力伝達軸などとも呼ばれる。回転軸３０の内部には不図示の増速機、発電機、ブレーキ装置、変圧器等を収容することができる。支柱４０は、回転軸３０及びブレード２０を支持するように構成している。 The rotating shaft 30 rotatably supports the blades 20 . The rotating shaft 30 is also called a nacelle, a power transmission shaft, or the like. Inside the rotating shaft 30, a gearbox, a generator, a braking device, a transformer, etc. (not shown) can be accommodated. The strut 40 is configured to support the rotating shaft 30 and the blades 20 .

水生生物５０は、海底に棲息する生物であり、本実施形態では洋上風力発電設備１０から発生する海中騒音を低減するために使用される。水生生物５０は、高さ方向Ｚから平面視した際に洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲の海底に配置されることによって洋上風力発電設備１０から発生する海中騒音を低減する。水生生物５０は、特に限定されないが、一例としてアマモやホンダワラ等を挙げることができる。 The aquatic organisms 50 are organisms that inhabit the bottom of the sea, and are used in this embodiment to reduce undersea noise generated from the offshore wind power generation facility 10 . The aquatic organisms 50 reduce undersea noise generated from the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 by being arranged on the seabed around the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 when viewed in plan from the height direction Z. The aquatic organisms 50 are not particularly limited, but examples thereof include eelgrass and sargassum.

設置部材６０は、洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に設置された水生生物５０が海流等によって掘られる（洗掘される）ことを防止する。設置部材６０は、海底において水生生物５０の周囲に設置可能に構成している。設置部材６０は、水生生物５０の海流による洗掘を防止できれば特に限定されないが、一例として天然の岩やコンクリートブロック等を挙げることができる。 The installation member 60 prevents the aquatic organisms 50 installed around the offshore wind power generation facility 10 from being dug (scouring) by ocean currents or the like. The installation member 60 is configured to be installed around the aquatic organisms 50 on the seabed. The installation member 60 is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent scouring by the ocean current of the aquatic organisms 50, but examples thereof include natural rocks and concrete blocks.

（海中騒音低減方法）
次に本実施形態に係る海中騒音低減方法について説明する。本発明者らは、洋上風力発電設備１０から発生する海中騒音を低減させるために海底に存在する水生生物を利用することに着目した。上述したアマモやホンダワラ等の水生生物は、洋上風力発電設備１０を基点として高さ方向Ｚから平面視した際に径方向ｒの外方に騒音が拡散する際の遮音壁として機能させることができる。 (Undersea noise reduction method)
Next, an undersea noise reduction method according to this embodiment will be described. The present inventors focused on using aquatic organisms existing on the seabed in order to reduce underwater noise generated from the offshore wind power generation facility 10 . The above-described aquatic organisms such as eelgrass and sargassum can function as a sound insulation wall when noise is diffused outward in the radial direction r when viewed from the height direction Z with the offshore wind power generation facility 10 as a base point.

ここで、本実施形態に係る海中騒音低減方法は、予め海底に水生生物５０の下部が設置（埋設）され、上部が海上に延在した状態で水生生物５０の近傍に洋上風力発電設備１０を設置することを含む。また、本実施形態に係る海中騒音低減方法は、洋上風力発電設備１０が予め設置された状態において水生生物５０を洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に移植する場合をも一実施形態として含む。 Here, in the undersea noise reduction method according to the present embodiment, the lower part of the aquatic organism 50 is previously installed (buried) on the seabed, and the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 is installed near the aquatic organism 50 with the upper part extending over the sea. Including setting up. Further, the underwater noise reduction method according to the present embodiment includes, as an embodiment, the case where the aquatic organisms 50 are transplanted around the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 in a state where the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 has been installed in advance.

このように構成することによって洋上風力発電設備１０から発生する海中騒音を低減させることができる。 By configuring in this way, underwater noise generated from the offshore wind power generation facility 10 can be reduced.

また、本実施形態に係る海中騒音低減方法は上述のように水生生物５０を海底に設置された洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に移植することによって実現することができる。 Further, the undersea noise reduction method according to this embodiment can be realized by transplanting the aquatic organisms 50 around the offshore wind power generation facility 10 installed on the seabed as described above.

また、海中騒音低減方法は、下部が海底に設置されている水生生物５０の群落の周囲に洋上風力発電設備１０を設置することによっても実現することが出来る。 The undersea noise reduction method can also be realized by installing the offshore wind power generation equipment 10 around a colony of aquatic organisms 50 whose lower part is installed on the seabed.

海中騒音低減方法では海底に水生生物の周囲に設置部材６０を設置するように構成している。このように構成することによって水流により水生生物が洗掘されることを防止又は抑制し、海中騒音低減効果の維持に寄与することができる。 The undersea noise reduction method is configured to install the installation member 60 around aquatic organisms on the seabed. Such a configuration can prevent or suppress scouring of aquatic organisms by water currents, and can contribute to maintaining the underwater noise reduction effect.

（第２実施形態）
次に第２実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システム１００ａについて説明する。図４～図６は本発明の第２実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システム１００ａの説明に供する図である。第２実施形態では第１実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムに加えて網状部材７０を設置している点が第１実施形態と異なる。そのため、第１実施形態と共通する構成の説明を省略する。 (Second embodiment)
Next, an undersea noise reduction system 100a according to a second embodiment will be described. 4 to 6 are diagrams for explaining an undersea noise reduction system 100a according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a mesh member 70 is installed in addition to the underwater noise reduction system according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the description of the configuration common to the first embodiment is omitted.

網状部材７０は、海底に立ち上がるように配置している。網状部材７０は、水生生物５０の高さよりも高い側面を備え海底に設置可能に構成している。本実施形態において網状部材７０は、設置部材６０から不図示の糸などで括りつけることによって立ち上げられた状態を維持するように構成している。 The mesh member 70 is arranged so as to stand up on the seabed. The mesh member 70 has a side surface higher than the height of the aquatic organisms 50 and is configured to be installed on the seabed. In this embodiment, the net-like member 70 is configured so as to maintain the raised state by tying it from the installation member 60 with a string or the like (not shown).

網状部材７０は、洋上風力発電設備１０を包囲するように水生生物５０の周囲に設置するように構成している。網状部材７０を海底に設置することによって、網状部材７０に水生生物５０が自生することが期待できる。設置部材６０の周囲の海底に水生生物５０を設置するだけでなく網状部材７０に水生生物５０を自生させることによって水生生物５０の数を増やし、海中騒音の低減効果を向上させることができる。 The mesh member 70 is configured to be installed around the aquatic organisms 50 so as to surround the offshore wind power generation facility 10 . By installing the net-like member 70 on the seabed, it can be expected that the aquatic organisms 50 grow naturally on the net-like member 70 . By not only installing the aquatic organisms 50 on the seabed around the installation member 60 but also allowing the aquatic organisms 50 to grow naturally on the net-like member 70, the number of the aquatic organisms 50 can be increased and the noise reduction effect in the sea can be improved.

網状部材７０は、従来公知のものを用いることができる。網状部材７０は、本実施形態において高さ方向Ｚから平面視した際に設置部材６０の外方において周方向θに１０個略等間隔で配置している。ただし、洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に水生生物５０を生やすことができれば、網状部材の数や配置間隔は図４等に限定されない。 A conventionally known one can be used for the mesh member 70 . Ten mesh members 70 are arranged at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction θ outside the installation member 60 when viewed from above in the height direction Z in this embodiment. However, as long as aquatic organisms 50 can be grown around the offshore wind power generation facility 10, the number and arrangement intervals of the mesh members are not limited to those shown in FIG. 4 and the like.

（第３実施形態）
次に第３実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システムについて説明する。第３実施形態に係る海中騒音低減システム１００ｂは、水生生物５０と設置部材６０の配置が第１実施形態と異なっており、その他の構成は同様であるため、その他の説明を省略する。 (Third Embodiment)
Next, an underwater noise reduction system according to a third embodiment will be described. The undersea noise reduction system 100b according to the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the aquatic organisms 50 and the installation member 60, and the rest of the configuration is the same, so other descriptions are omitted.

設置部材６０は、第１実施形態と同様に天然の岩やコンクリートブロック等のように構成し、洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に配置している。設置部材６０は、水生生物５０を上部に載置可能に構成している。 The installation member 60 is configured like a natural rock, a concrete block, or the like, and is arranged around the offshore wind power generation facility 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The installation member 60 is configured so that the aquatic organism 50 can be placed thereon.

水生生物５０は、洋上風力発電設備１０の周囲に移植する場合において設置部材６０の上に載置するように構成している。そのため、本明細書において水生生物５０が海底から海上に延在する（以下、上記記載と言う）とは、人為的な処理が施されていない状態の海底から水生生物５０が海上に延在する場合を含む。また、上記記載は、図７に示すように設置部材６０等によって高さが人為的に上昇した状態の海底から水生生物５０が海上に延在する場合（図７参照）をも含む。 The aquatic organisms 50 are configured to be placed on the installation member 60 when transplanted around the offshore wind power generation facility 10 . Therefore, in the present specification, the aquatic organisms 50 extending from the seabed to the sea (hereinafter referred to as the above description) means that the aquatic organisms 50 extend from the seabed untreated to the sea. Including cases. The above description also includes the case where the aquatic organisms 50 extend into the sea from the seabed whose height is artificially raised by the installation member 60 or the like as shown in FIG. 7 (see FIG. 7).

このように構成することによって、水生生物５０を海面まで可能なかぎり長く延在させて遮音壁の高さを高くすることによって海中騒音低減効果を向上させることができる。 With this configuration, the aquatic organisms 50 can be extended to the surface of the sea as long as possible to increase the height of the sound insulation wall, thereby improving the underwater noise reduction effect.

１００、１００ａ、１００ｂ 海中騒音低減システム、
１０ 洋上風力発電設備、
２０ ブレード、
３０ 回転軸、
４０ 支柱、
５０ 水生生物、
６０ 設置部材、
７０ 網状部材、
ｒ 径方向（放射方向）、
Ｚ 高さ方向、
θ 周方向（角度方向）。 100, 100a, 100b underwater noise reduction system,
10 offshore wind power generation facilities,
20 blades,
30 rotating shaft,
40 struts,
50 aquatic organisms,
60 installation member,
70 mesh member,
r radial direction (radial direction),
Z height direction,
θ circumferential direction (angular direction).

Claims (3)

少なくとも下部が海底に設置可能であって上部が海底から海上に延在する水生生物を海底に設置された洋上風力発電設備の周囲に移植するか、または前記下部が海底に埋設されている前記水生生物の群落の周囲に前記洋上風力発電設備を設置し、
前記水生生物の周囲の海底に設置部材を設置し、
前記洋上風力発電設備は、海底から垂直方向に延び、海中において他の構造物と接続されていない支柱を備える海中騒音低減方法。 Transplanting an aquatic organism having at least a lower part installable on the seabed and an upper part extending from the seabed to the sea around an offshore wind power generation facility installed on the seabed, or said aquatic organism having said lower part buried in the seabed Install the offshore wind power generation facility around the community of organisms,
installing an installation member on the seabed around the aquatic organism;
A method for reducing subsea noise , wherein the offshore wind power generation facility includes struts that extend vertically from the sea floor and are not connected to other structures in the sea. 前記水生生物の高さよりも高い側面を備え海底に設置可能な網状部材を、前記洋上風力発電設備を包囲するように前記水生生物の周囲に設置する請求項１に記載の海中騒音低減方法。 2. The undersea noise reduction method according to claim 1, wherein a mesh member that has sides higher than the height of the aquatic organisms and that can be installed on the seabed is installed around the aquatic organisms so as to surround the offshore wind power generation facility. 請求項１または２に記載の海中騒音低減方法に用いられ、海底において前記水生生物の周囲に設置可能な設置部材。 3. An installation member that is used in the undersea noise reduction method according to claim 1 or 2 and that can be installed around the aquatic organisms on the seabed.
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