JP7117546B2 - Power control device, power control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power control device and a power control method for controlling power.

A power management system has been proposed that includes a control device that controls equipment installed in a consumer's facility. Devices include, for example, distributed power sources such as solar cells, storage batteries, and fuel cells, and household electrical appliances. Such controllers are connected to higher-level smart servers. A smart server centrally manages a plurality of consumers (see Patent Document 1, for example).

JP 2014-33591 A

In the case where the power management system controls the power storage system connected to the power system at the consumer, and the group management system controls multiple power management systems, the group management system will be controlled via the power management system according to the increase or decrease in power demand. to charge and discharge each power storage system. However, if a plurality of power storage systems are collectively charged and discharged, there is a possibility that power fluctuations will increase and the power system will become unstable. Therefore, it is required to control the power fluctuation speed according to the fluctuation of the power demand.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for controlling the power fluctuation speed in accordance with fluctuations in power demand.

In order to solve the above problems, a power control apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a group of power storage systems that are installed in each of a plurality of consumers. , a power control device for controlling a power storage system installed in a consumer, comprising: a frequency detector for detecting the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency; and the frequency detected by the frequency detector or Based on the difference, a generation unit that generates information about the power to charge and discharge the power storage system and the time to start charging and discharging the power storage system ; related information that associates the power to be charged/discharged by the power storage system with the period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging to reaching the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging/discharging each power storage system. and a storage unit that holds The generation unit (1) generates power to charge/discharge the power storage system and a period based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit and related information held in the storage unit, and (2) during the period , the generation unit (i) can generate a random number within a certain range, and defines a plurality of groups by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) each group is associated with one different timing among a plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in a period; (iii) generating a random number; and (iv) One timing associated with the group including the random number is generated as the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system .
Another aspect of the invention is also a power controller. This device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a group of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and is a power control device that controls the energy storage systems installed in each consumer. A frequency detection unit that detects the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to the reference frequency; the power that is charged and discharged by the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit; A generator that generates information about the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system, and related information that associates the power to be charged/discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. and a storage unit for holding. The generation unit (1) generates electric power for charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit and related information held in the storage unit, and (2) charging each power storage system. During the period from the start of charging/discharging of the storage system group to the target power of the storage system group to be achieved by discharging until the target power of the storage system group is reached, the generation unit generates the time to start charging/discharging the storage system, and the generation unit (i ) capable of generating random numbers within a certain range and defining a plurality of groups by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) for each group, provided at regular intervals during the period Among the plurality of timings, one timing that is different from each other is associated, (iii) random numbers are generated, and (iv) one timing associated with the group including the random numbers is used to charge and discharge the power storage system. Generate as the time to start .
Yet another aspect of the present invention is also a power controller. This device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a group of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and is a power control device that controls the energy storage systems installed in each consumer. A frequency detection unit that detects the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to the reference frequency; the power that is charged and discharged by the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit; A generation unit that generates information about the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system, power to be charged/discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency, and each power storage system. A storage unit that holds related information that associates the period from when the storage system group starts charging and discharging until the target power of the storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging is reached, and the frequency of the power system or the reference frequency. For the difference in the frequency of the electric power system from and a receiving unit that receives related information associated with the period until the time from the host system that monitors the electric power system. The generation unit (1) generates power to charge/discharge the power storage system and a period based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit and related information held in the storage unit, and (2) during the period , generating a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system .
Yet another aspect of the present invention is also a power controller. This device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a group of power storage systems that are installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and is a power control device that controls the power storage systems installed in each consumer. A frequency detection unit that detects the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to the reference frequency; the power that is charged and discharged by the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit; A generation unit that generates information about the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system, and related information that associates the power to be charged/discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. Receiving from a higher-level system that monitors the power system related information that associates the stored storage unit with the power to be charged and discharged in the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to the reference frequency. a receiver. The generation unit (1) generates electric power for charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit and related information held in the storage unit, and (2) charging each power storage system. A time for starting charging/discharging of the power storage system is generated during a period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging until reaching the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by discharging .

Yet another aspect of the invention is a power control method. In this method, a power control device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers. , wherein the step of detecting the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency; and generating information about the time to start charging and discharging. The energy storage system group is charged with the power to be charged and discharged by the energy storage system and the target power of the energy storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging the energy storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. Relevant information associated with the period from the start of the discharge to its arrival is held in a memory, and the step of generating is (1) based on the detected frequency or difference and the relevant information held in the memory (2) generating a time for starting charging/discharging the power storage system during the period; (i) generating a random number within a certain range; and define a plurality of groups by dividing a certain range into a plurality of groups, and (ii) for each group, among a plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in the period, One different timing is associated, (iii) a random number is generated, and (iv) one timing associated with the group containing the random number is generated as the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system .
Yet another aspect of the present invention is also a power control method. In this method, a power control device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers. , wherein the step of detecting the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency; and generating information about the time to start charging and discharging. The memory stores related information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. Alternatively, based on the difference and the related information held in the memory, the power to be charged and discharged by the power storage system is generated, and (2) the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging the power storage system group The step of generating and generating a time to start charging and discharging the power storage system during the period from the start of charging and discharging to the arrival of is (i) capable of generating a random number within a certain range, A plurality of groups are defined by dividing a certain range into a plurality of groups, and (ii) each group corresponds to one timing different from each other among a plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in the period. (iii) generate a random number; and (iv) generate one timing associated with the group including the random number as the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system .
Yet another aspect of the present invention is also a power control method. In this method, a power control device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers. , wherein the step of detecting the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency; The step of generating information about the time to start charging and discharging, the power to charge and discharge the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to the reference frequency, and the charging and discharging of each power storage system. Receiving from a higher-level system that monitors the electric power system related information that associates the period from when the storage system group starts charging and discharging to when the target power of the storage system group to be reached is reached. The energy storage system group is charged with the power to be charged and discharged by the energy storage system and the target power of the energy storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging the energy storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. Relevant information associated with the period from the start of the discharge to its arrival is held in a memory, and the step of generating is (1) based on the detected frequency or difference and the relevant information held in the memory (2) During the period, generate the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system .
Yet another aspect of the present invention is also a power control method. In this method, a power control device is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of energy storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers. , wherein the step of detecting the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency; a step of generating information about the time to start charging/discharging; and receiving from a superordinate system to be monitored . The memory stores related information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system from the reference frequency. Alternatively, based on the difference and the related information held in the memory, the power to be charged and discharged by the power storage system is generated, and (2) the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging the power storage system group During the period from the start of charging/discharging to the arrival of , the time for starting charging/discharging of the power storage system is generated .

Any combination of the above constituent elements, and any conversion of the expression of the present invention between a method, an apparatus, a system, a computer program, or a recording medium recording a computer program are also effective as aspects of the present invention. be.

According to the present invention, the power fluctuation speed can be controlled according to the fluctuation of power demand.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a VPP system according to Example 1; FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the consumer of FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit of FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of control of the power storage system group of FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a control procedure by the first power management system server of FIG. 2; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a data structure of a table stored in a storage unit according to the second embodiment; FIG.

(Example 1)
Before specifically describing the embodiments of the present invention, the outline of the present embodiment will be described. The embodiments relate to a power management system that controls charging/discharging of a power storage system connected to a power system according to changes in power demand in the power system. A power storage system is installed at each consumer along with devices such as a photovoltaic power generation system and a fuel cell system. A consumer is a facility that receives power supply from a power company or the like, such as a house, an office, a store, a factory, a park, or the like. The power management system discharges the power storage system during times when the power consumption of the consumer is large, and charges the power storage system at night when the electricity rate of the power system is low. Here, it is assumed that the power management system is included in a VPP (Virtual Power Plant). The VPP integrates and controls scattered small-scale photovoltaic power generation systems, power storage systems, fuel cell systems, and other devices, as well as power demand suppression. The VPP controls devices such as a photovoltaic power generation system, an electricity storage system, and a fuel cell system via a network, so that they function together like a single power plant.

To implement such a VPP, multiple power management systems are connected to a group management system. Also, the group management system is connected to a host system that is an aggregator that integrates a plurality of group management systems. A VPP is a combination of a host system, a group management system, and equipment such as a power storage system installed at a customer. The host system trades power in the market or through bilateral contracts with business operators. In addition, the host system provides integrated adjustment power to the power trading market, power transmission and distribution departments of power companies, retail power companies, and the like. Therefore, the host system determines the adjustment power to be provided to the market or each operator, and distributes the adjustment power to each group management system. Each group management system further distributes the adjustment power to each consumer. Accordingly, the group management system instructs each of the plurality of power management systems to control so as to sell or purchase power according to a request from the host system. For example, the group management system requests the power management system to perform control such as discharging the power storage system or suppressing power consumption at the consumer when the power generated at the power plant is in short supply.

A group management system is connected to a plurality of power management systems, and each power management system is connected to one or more power storage systems, whereby these are arranged hierarchically. Therefore, it can be said that the group management system controls power fluctuations caused by a plurality of power storage systems (hereinafter also referred to as "power storage system group"). On the other hand, fluctuations in power demand in the electric power system are indicated by a combination of minute fluctuations, short-period components, and long-period components with different fluctuation periods. Note that the ratio of these combinations varies depending on the situation, for example, power demand increases while fluctuating. When the group management system simultaneously charges and discharges a plurality of power storage systems in response to fluctuations in power demand, fluctuations in power increase and the power system becomes unstable. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the power fluctuation speed according to the speed of increase and decrease in power demand.

In order to cope with such a situation, each power management system in this embodiment determines the charging/discharging start time of charging/discharging so that the number of charging/discharging power storage systems changes with the passage of time. The charge/discharge power is adjusted based on the detected power system frequency. Each power management system causes the power storage system to perform charging/discharging of charging/discharging power when the charging/discharging start time of charging/discharging arrives. Although independent control is performed in each power management system, the frequency of the power system detected in each power management system is common, and a table generated in the host system or group management server is used. Therefore, the control in each power management system becomes common.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a VPP system 100. As shown in FIG. The VPP system 100 includes a host system server 10, a first group management system server 12a, a second group management system server 12b, a Mth group management system server 12m, and a power management system server 14, which are collectively called a group management system server 12. a first power management system server 14a, a second power management system server 14b, and an Nth power management system server 14n. Here, the first power management system server 14a is installed at the first consumer 16a, the second power management system server 14b is installed at the second consumer 16b, and the Nth power management system server 14n is installed at the Nth consumer 16n. , and the first consumer 16a, the second consumer 16b, and the Nth consumer 16n are collectively referred to as the consumer 16. The number of group management system servers 12 is not limited to "M", and the number of power management system servers 14 and consumers 16 is not limited to "N".

The consumer 16 is, for example, a single-family house, an apartment complex such as a condominium, a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket, a commercial facility such as a building, or a factory. It is a facility with Equipment such as an air conditioner (air conditioner), a television receiver (television), a lighting device, an electricity storage system, and a heat pump water heater is installed in the consumer 16 . These devices are supplied with commercial power and consume power by being connected to the power system of an electric power company or the like. Devices that are expected to reduce power consumption relatively large are useful, but devices that are expected to reduce power consumption not so much may also be used. Note that the equipment may include a renewable energy power generation device such as a solar cell system and a fuel cell system.

The power management system server 14 is a computer for executing processing of the power management system, and is installed in the consumer 16, for example. The power management system server 14 functions as, for example, a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) controller. Therefore, the power management system server 14 can communicate with various devices in the consumer 16 via HAN (Home Area Network) and controls these devices. The power management system server 14 controls the operation of the power storage system, such as discharging and charging. Also, the power management system server 14 may control interconnection between equipment installed in the consumer 16 and the power system. The power management system server 14 disconnects the equipment from the power system during a power outage, and connects the equipment to the power system when the power is restored.

The group management system server 12 is a computer for executing processing of the group management system. The group management system server 12 manages a plurality of power management system servers 14 by connecting the plurality of power management system servers 14 . As a result, the group management system server 12 centrally manages the plurality of devices connected to each of the plurality of power management system servers 14 . For example, the group management system server 12 may transmit a control command to a power storage system group including power storage systems installed in each of the plurality of consumers 16 . A plurality of group management system servers 12 are connected to the host system server 10 . The host system server 10 is a computer for executing processing of a host system that is an aggregator. As described above, the VPP including the host system and the group management system trades power in the market or through bilateral contracts with business operators. Output. Note that one group management system server 12 may be connected to a plurality of upper system servers 10 .

With such a configuration, when the power demand in the power system is tight, the group management system server 12 causes the consumer 16 to consume the power discharged from the power storage system or suppresses the power consumption in the consumer 16. The power management system server 14 is controlled so as to In addition, when the power supply in the power system exceeds the power demand, the group management system server 12 increases the charging of the power storage system and increases the demand within the consumer 16. to control.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the consumer 16. As shown in FIG. A power system 30, a smart meter 32, a distribution board 34, a load 36, an electricity storage system 40, and a power management system server 14, for example, a first power management system server 14a are installed in the consumer 16. Power storage system 40 also includes an SB (Storage Battery) 210 , an SB DC/DC 212 , a bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 , and a control device 216 . The first power management system server 14a includes a service cooperation unit 300 and a control unit 302. The service cooperation unit 300 includes a reception unit 510 and a transmission unit 512. The control unit 302 includes a frequency detection unit 600, a storage unit 602, It includes a generator 604 , a transmitter 606 and a receiver 608 . Further, a group management system server 12, for example, a first group management system server 12a, is connected via a network 18 to the first power management system server 14a. Note that the customer 16 may be installed with a solar cell system, a heat pump water heater, etc., but these are omitted here.

The power demand in the power system 30 is indicated by a combination of minute fluctuations, short-period components, and long-period components with different fluctuation periods. The minute fluctuation component has a fluctuation period of several tens of seconds, the short-period component has a fluctuation period of several minutes, and the long-period component has a fluctuation period of several tens of minutes. That is, the fluctuation period of the minute fluctuation is the shortest, and the fluctuation period of the long-period component is the longest. The smart meter 32 is connected to the power grid 30 and is a digital watt-hour meter. The smart meter 32 can measure the amount of power flowing in from the power grid 30 and the amount of reverse power flowing out to the power grid 30 . The smart meter 32 has a communication function and can communicate with the power management system server 14 .

The distribution line 42 connects the smart meter 32 and the distribution board 34 . The distribution board 34 is connected to the distribution line 42 and connects the load 36 . The distribution board 34 supplies power to the load 36 . The load 36 is equipment that consumes power supplied via the distribution line 42 . The load 36 includes appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and lighting. Although one load 36 is connected to the distribution board 34 here, a plurality of loads 36 may be connected to the distribution board 34 .

The SB 210 is a storage battery that can charge and discharge electric power, and includes lithium ion storage batteries, nickel metal hydride storage batteries, lead storage batteries, electric double layer capacitors, lithium ion capacitors, and the like. SB 210 is connected to DC/DC 212 for SB. DC/DC 212 for SB is a DC-DC converter and performs conversion between DC power on SB 210 side and DC power on bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 side.

The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 is connected between the SB DC/DC 212 and the distribution board 34 . The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 converts AC power from the distribution board 34 into DC power, and outputs the converted DC power to the SB DC/DC 212 . The bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 also converts the DC power from the SB DC/DC 212 into AC power and outputs the converted AC power to the distribution board 34 . That is, SB 210 is charged and discharged by bidirectional DC/AC inverter 214 . Control of such bi-directional DC/AC inverter 214 is provided by controller 216 . Here, the SB 210, the SB DC/DC 212, the bi-directional DC/AC inverter 214, and the control device 216 may be housed in one housing, and even in that case, this is referred to as the power storage system 40. do.

The first power management system server 14 a is connected to the smart meter 32 and the power storage system 40 via a network such as HAN, can communicate with each of them, and controls the power storage system 40 connected to the power system 30 . It can be said that such a first power management system server 14a is a power control device. Below, description of communication between the first power management system server 14a and the smart meter 32 is omitted.

Frequency detector 600 is connected to power system 30 . Frequency detection unit 600 detects the frequency of AC power in power system 30 (hereinafter also referred to as “frequency of power system 30”). The frequency of the power system 30 becomes lower than the commercial power supply frequency when the power demand increases and the power becomes insufficient, and becomes higher than the commercial power supply frequency when the power demand decreases and the power becomes excessive. The commercial power supply frequency is, for example, a reference frequency set at 50 Hz and 60 Hz. The frequency detection unit 600 may detect a difference in the frequency of the power system 30 with respect to the commercial power supply frequency. Frequency detection unit 600 may be connected to smart meter 32 or distribution line 42 to detect the frequency of power system 30 . Further, the frequency detection unit 600 may be provided in the power storage system 40 and transmit the detected frequency to the first power management system server 14a.

The storage unit 602 holds related information that associates the frequency of the electric power system 30 with electric power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system 40 . Note that the related information may use the difference in the frequency of the power grid 30 with respect to the frequency of the commercial power supply instead of the frequency of the power grid 30 . The related information is held in the form of a table, for example, but may be held in the form of a relational expression. FIG. 3 shows the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit 602. As shown in FIG. As shown, the relation of charge/discharge power to detection frequency is shown. Here, it is assumed that the commercial power supply frequency is 60 Hz. When the detected frequency is higher than 60 Hz, that is, when the frequency of power system 30 is higher than the frequency of the commercial power supply, charging/discharging power that causes power storage system 40 to perform charging is defined. On the other hand, when the detection frequency is lower than 60 Hz, that is, when the frequency of the AC power in power system 30 is lower than the commercial power supply frequency, charging/discharging power that causes power storage system 40 to discharge is defined. Here, the greater the absolute value of the difference between the frequency of the power grid 30 and the frequency of the commercial power source, the greater the absolute value of the charge/discharge power. The reason for this will be described later. Return to FIG.

Based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit 600, the generation unit 604 refers to the table held in the storage unit 602 to generate the power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40 and the power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40. Information about the start time (hereinafter also referred to as “charge/discharge start time”) is generated. Even if the frequency of power system 30 detected by frequency detection unit 600 is lower than the frequency of the commercial power supply, the degree of power shortage varies depending on the magnitude of the deviation between these frequencies. For example, when the deviation of these frequencies is large, it can be said that the degree of power shortage is greater than when the deviation of these frequencies is small. In other words, when the deviation between these frequencies is large, the absolute value of the charge/discharge power must be increased and the power fluctuation speed of the power storage system group must be made faster than when the deviation between these frequencies is small. Therefore, as described above, the regulation is made such that the greater the absolute value of the difference between the frequency of the power system 30 and the frequency of the commercial power supply, the greater the absolute value of the charge/discharge power. Based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit 600 , the generation unit 604 refers to the related information held in the storage unit 602 to extract charging/discharging power for charging/discharging the power storage system 40 .

In addition, in order to adjust the power fluctuation speed, the number of power storage systems 40 that perform charging and discharging in the power storage system group is adjusted. Specifically, by increasing the number of power storage systems 40 that are being charged/discharged over time, it is possible to increase the power for charging/discharging over time. For example, at a predetermined charging/discharging start time, 10 power storage systems 40 are discharged, and after a certain interval, additional 10 power storage systems 40 are caused to discharge, and after a certain interval, the additional 10 power storage systems 40 are discharged. , the electric power to be discharged increases. In other words, the power storage systems 40 start charging and discharging in order, so that the power storage system group reaches the target power after a certain period of time (hereinafter referred to as "charging and discharging period") has elapsed. Furthermore, even if substantially the same number of power storage systems 40 sequentially start discharging at regular intervals, the higher the discharged power of one power storage system 40, the faster the power fluctuation speed. The case of charging is similar to the case of discharging.

In order to implement such processing, it is necessary to start charging and discharging substantially the same number of power storage systems 40 at regular intervals. In particular, charging and discharging should be started autonomously. Here, it is assumed that the charge/discharge period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging until the power storage system group reaches the target power is a fixed value. Also, during the charge/discharge period, a plurality of charge/discharge timings are arranged at regular intervals. The number of charge/discharge timings is also assumed to be a fixed value. This corresponds to the constant interval being also a fixed value. Therefore, it is assumed that the timing that is the starting point of the charging/discharging period, the charging/discharging period, and the number of charging/discharging timings are predetermined.

The generation unit 604 generates random numbers, for example, pseudo-random numbers. A well-known technique may be used for generating random numbers, so the explanation is omitted here. Note that the generators 604 in the plurality of power management system servers 14 generate random numbers by a common method. Generation unit 604 specifies one charging/discharging timing from among a plurality of charging/discharging timings specified during the charging/discharging period using a random number generated with a predetermined probability, thereby causing power storage system 40 to start charging/discharging. Generate discharge start time.

When the charging/discharging period is 1 second and the number of charging/discharging timings is "10", the constant interval is 0.1 second. A generator 604 generates a random number between 0 and 1. FIG. In addition, between 0 and 1 is divided into 10 groups of [0 to 0.1], [0.1 to 0.2], ..., [0.9 to 1], Groups and charge/discharge timings are associated on a one-to-one basis. Therefore, the first group starts charging/discharging at the first charging/discharging timing, and the second group starts charging/discharging at the second charging/discharging timing. If the generated random number is 0.28, it belongs to the third group [0.2-0.3]. Assuming that the charge/discharge timing of the first group is 14:15:00, the generator 604 determines the charge/discharge timing of 14:15:0.2. Note that the charging/discharging timing for which the time is specifically determined corresponds to the “charging/discharging start time”.

A plurality of types of charge/discharge periods may be defined. For example, two types of charge/discharge periods with different lengths are defined, such as control power type A of "1 second" and control power type B of "0.5 second". At that time, it is assumed that which of the control force type A and the control force type B is used is preset in the generation unit 604 . Generation section 604 outputs the generated information to transmission section 606 . Transmission unit 606 outputs a message including the generated information to power storage system 40 .

The control device 216 in the power storage system 40 charges or discharges the charge/discharge power at the charge/discharge start time according to the message from the first power management system server 14a. When the controller 216 performs charging or discharging according to the message, it may send a message indicating completion to the first power management system server 14a. This message is received by the receiver 608 in the controller 302 of the first power management system server 14a.

FIG. 4 shows an example of control of the power storage system group. Here, it is assumed that the power storage system group includes the first power storage system 40a to the fifth power storage system 40e. Further, it is assumed that the first power storage system 40a to the fifth power storage system 40e are controlled by the first power management system server 14a to the fifth power management system server 14e, respectively. Here, it is assumed that the charge/discharge period is "0.5 seconds" and the number of charge/discharge points is "5". Each power management system server 14 determines the charging/discharging power “+2 kW” at “0.0” seconds. Note that "+" indicates discharging and "-" indicates charging. The first power storage system 40a performs charging and discharging of "+2 kW" in "0.0" seconds, the second power storage system 40b performs charging and discharging of "+2 kW" in "0.1" seconds, and the fifth power storage system 40e performs charging and discharging of "+2 kW" in "0.4" seconds. Subsequently, each power management system server 14 determines the charging/discharging power “−1 kW” in “0.5” seconds. The first power storage system 40a performs charging and discharging of "-1 kW" in "0.5" seconds, the second power storage system 40b performs charging and discharging of "-1 kW" in "0.6" seconds, and the fifth power storage system 40b performs charging and discharging of "-1 kW" in "0.6" seconds. The power storage system 40e performs charging and discharging of "-1 kW" in "0.9" seconds. By combining charging and discharging by the first power storage system 40a to the fifth power storage system 40e, charging and discharging by the power storage system group is realized. Return to FIG.

The service cooperation unit 300 of the first power management system server 14a is connected to the first group management system server 12a via the network 18, and communicates with the first group management system server 12a. The receiving unit 510 receives messages from the first group management system server 12a. The message includes, for example, a table to be held in storage unit 602 . This table is generated in the first group management system server 12a and updated when the number of the plurality of power storage systems 40 managed by the first group management system server 12a changes. Since a common table is used in each power management system server 14 in this way, it can be said that the group management system server 12 comprehensively manages a plurality of devices connected to each of the plurality of power management system servers 14 . Note that the table may be generated in the host system server 10 . In that case, it can be said that the receiving unit 510 receives a message including a table from the upper system server 10 via the first group management system server 12a.

Also, the message received by the receiving unit 510 may include information for designating which of the controllability type A and the controllability type B to use. The generation unit 604 uses the control power type A or the control power type B based on the specified information included in the message. Furthermore, the message received by receiving unit 510 may include information about the number of charge/discharge points and information about the timing that is the starting point of the charge/discharge period. The transmission unit 512 transmits a message to the first group management system server 12a.

The subject of an apparatus, system, or method in this disclosure comprises a computer. The main functions of the device, system, or method of the present disclosure are realized by the computer executing the program. A computer has a processor that operates according to a program as its main hardware configuration. Any type of processor can be used as long as it can implement functions by executing a program. The processor is composed of one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or LSI (Large Scale Integration). A plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated on one chip or may be provided on a plurality of chips. A plurality of chips may be integrated into one device, or may be provided in a plurality of devices. The program is recorded in a non-temporary recording medium such as a computer-readable ROM, optical disk, hard disk drive, or the like. The program may be pre-stored in a recording medium, or may be supplied to the recording medium via a wide area network including the Internet.

The operation of the power management system server 14 configured as above will be described. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a control procedure by the first power management system server 14a. The frequency detection unit 600 detects the frequency of the power system 30 (S10). The generation unit 604 identifies charge/discharge power based on the detected frequency (S12). The generator 604 generates a random number (S14), and specifies the charge/discharge start time based on the random number during the charge/discharge period (S16). The transmission unit 606 outputs an instruction including the charging/discharging power and the charging/discharging start time to the power storage system 40 (S18).

According to this embodiment, the frequency of the electric power system 30 is detected, and based on this, the power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40 and the information on the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 are generated. Power fluctuation speed can be controlled according to demand fluctuations. In addition, the difference in the frequency of the electric power system 30 from the reference frequency is detected, and based on this, information regarding the power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40 and the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 is generated. Power fluctuation speed can be controlled according to demand fluctuations. In addition, since the power fluctuation speed is controlled according to fluctuations in power demand, it is possible to prevent the power system from becoming unstable.

In addition, since related information that associates the power to be charged and discharged to the storage system 40 with the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 with respect to the reference frequency is held, processing can be simplified. In addition, the related information that associates the power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system 40 with the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 with respect to the reference frequency is received, so the related information can be updated. Also, since the related information is updated, even if the configuration of the VPP system 100 is changed, the related information suitable for that change can be used. In addition, since one charging/discharging timing is specified by a random number generated with a predetermined probability among the plurality of charging/discharging timings specified during the charging/discharging period, the charging/discharging timings of the plurality of power storage systems 40 are uniformly distributed. can be made

An overview of one aspect of the present invention is as follows. The power management system server 14 according to one aspect of the present invention is connected to the group management system server 12 that transmits control commands to the power storage system group including the power storage systems 40 installed in each of the plurality of consumers 16, and A power management system server 14 that controls a power storage system 40 installed in a house 16, and includes a frequency detection unit 600 that detects the frequency of the power system 30 or a difference in the frequency of the power system 30 from a reference frequency, and a frequency detection unit. A generation unit 604 that generates information about the power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40 and the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 based on the frequency or the difference detected by the power storage system 600 .

A storage unit 602 may be further provided that holds related information that associates power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system 40 with respect to the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 with respect to the reference frequency. The generation unit 604 (1) generates electric power for charging and discharging the power storage system 40 based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit 600 and the related information held in the storage unit 602; During the period from the start of charging/discharging of the power storage system group until reaching the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging/discharging of the power storage system 40, the time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 is generated.

The generation unit 604 generates a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 by specifying one of the timings specified during the period using a random number generated with a predetermined probability.

A receiving unit that receives, from a higher-level system that monitors the power system 30, related information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system 40 with respect to the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 from the reference frequency. 510 is further provided.

Another aspect of the invention is a power control method. This method is connected to a group management system server 12 that transmits a control command to a power storage system group consisting of the power storage systems 40 installed in each of a plurality of consumers 16, and the power storage systems 40 installed in the consumers 16. A control method in the power management system server 14 that controls the power storage system based on the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 with respect to the reference frequency, and the detected frequency or difference. a step of generating information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system 40 and a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 .

(Example 2)
Next, Example 2 will be described. The present invention relates to a power management system that controls charging/discharging of a power storage system connected to a power system according to changes in power demand in the power system. In Example 1, the length of the charging/discharging period does not change even if the magnitude of the deviation between the frequency of the electric power system and the frequency of the commercial power supply changes. On the other hand, in Example 2, the length of the charge/discharge period changes as the magnitude of the deviation between the power system frequency and the commercial power supply frequency changes. The configurations of the VPP system 100 and the customer 16 according to the second embodiment are of the same type as those shown in FIGS. Here, the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment.

The storage unit 602 in FIG. 2 holds related information that associates the frequency of the electric power system 30 with the power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system 40 and the charging/discharging period. As described above, the charge/discharge period is the period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging to reaching the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging/discharging each power storage system 40 . Note that the related information may use the difference in the frequency of the power grid 30 with respect to the frequency of the commercial power supply instead of the frequency of the power grid 30 . The related information is held in the form of a table, for example, but may be held in the form of a relational expression.

FIG. 6 shows the data structure of a table stored in the storage unit 602. As shown in FIG. As shown, the relationship between the charge/discharge power and the charge/discharge period with respect to the detection frequency is shown. Here, it is assumed that the commercial power supply frequency is 60 Hz. The charge/discharge power is shown in the same manner as in Example 1. Also, the charging/discharging period is lengthened as the absolute value of the difference between the frequency of the power system 30 and the frequency of the commercial power source increases. Return to FIG.

The generation unit 604 extracts the charge/discharge power and the charge/discharge period by referring to the related information held in the storage unit 602 based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit 600 . Further, as in the first embodiment, the generation unit 604 generates a charge/discharge start time at which the power storage system 40 starts charging/discharging during the charging/discharging period by generating a random number. Since the subsequent processing is the same as before, the description is omitted here. Note that the receiving unit 510 may receive a message containing a table to be held in the storage unit 602 from the first group management system server 12a, as in the first embodiment.

According to this embodiment, the charging/discharging period is changed according to the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 from the reference frequency, so the power fluctuation speed can be adjusted. In addition, since related information that associates the power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system 40 with the charging/discharging period for the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 from the reference frequency is held, the processing is simplified. can be done. In addition, related information that associates the power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system 40 with the charging/discharging period for the frequency of the power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the power system 30 from the reference frequency is received. Can update. In addition, since one charging/discharging timing is specified by a random number generated with a predetermined probability among the plurality of charging/discharging timings specified during the charging/discharging period, the charging/discharging timings of the plurality of power storage systems 40 are uniformly distributed. can be made

An overview of one aspect of the present invention is as follows. For the frequency of the electric power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system 30 from the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system 40 and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system 40 are stored. A storage unit 602 may be further provided that holds related information that is associated with the period from when the system group starts charging and discharging to when it arrives. (1) Based on the frequency or difference detected by the frequency detection unit 600 and the related information held in the storage unit 602, the generation unit 604 generates power and a period for charging and discharging the power storage system 40, and ( 2) During the period, generate a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system 40 .

For the frequency of the electric power system 30 or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system 30 from the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system 40 and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system 40 are stored. It further includes a receiving unit 510 that receives related information associated with the period from the start of charging and discharging of the system group to the arrival thereof from a higher-level system that monitors the power system 30 .

The present invention has been described above based on the examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that this embodiment is merely an example, and that various modifications can be made to combinations of each component or each treatment process, and such modifications are within the scope of the present invention. .

In Embodiments 1 and 2, the frequency detection unit 600 to the transmission unit 606 are included in the first power management system server 14a. However, not limited to this, for example, the frequency detection unit 600 to the transmission unit 606 may be included in the control device 216 of the power storage system 40 . In that case, controller 216 is said to be a power controller. According to this modified example, the degree of freedom in configuration can be expanded.

In the first and second embodiments, the number of charge/discharge timings is specified. However, not limited to this, for example, a constant interval may be defined. The constant interval is fixed, such as 1/6 second. Therefore, the charging/discharging timings are arranged at 1/6 second intervals, and the charging/discharging period ends in 1 second, so the number of charging/discharging timings is "6". For a random number between 0 and 1, each group will be [0-0.166], [0.167-0.334], ..., [0.835-1]. When 0.336 is generated as a random number, it is included in the third group. If the random number generated is 0.336, it belongs to the third group. Assuming that the charge/discharge timing of the first group is 14:15:00, the generator 604 determines the charge/discharge timing of 14:15:1/3. According to this modified example, the degree of freedom in configuration can be expanded.

10 host system server 12 group management system server 14 power management system server (power control device) 16 consumer 18 network 30 power system 32 smart meter 34 distribution board 36 load 40 power storage system 42 Distribution Line 100 VPP System 210 SB 212 DC/DC for SB 214 Bidirectional DC/AC Inverter 216 Control Device (Power Control Device) 300 Service Coordinating Unit 302 Control Unit 510 Receiving Unit 512 Transmitting Unit , 600 frequency detection unit, 602 storage unit, 604 generation unit, 606 transmission unit, 608 reception unit.

Claims (8)

A power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a power storage system group including power storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the power storage systems installed in the consumers,
a frequency detection unit that detects a frequency of an electric power system or a difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency;
a generation unit that generates information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit;
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. a storage unit that holds related information associated with a period from when the power storage system group starts charging and discharging to when it reaches,
(1) Based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit and the related information held in the storage unit, the generation unit determines the power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system and the period. (2) generating a time for starting charging and discharging of the power storage system during the period;
The generating unit (i) is capable of generating random numbers within a certain range and defines a plurality of groups by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) for each group, the period Among the plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in the generating the timing as the time to start charging and discharging the power storage system;
power controller. A power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a power storage system group including power storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the power storage systems installed in the consumers,
a frequency detection unit that detects a frequency of an electric power system or a difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency;
a generation unit that generates information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit;
a storage unit that holds related information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to a reference frequency;
The generation unit (1) generates electric power for charging and discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit and the related information held in the storage unit, ( 2) The time at which the power storage system starts charging/discharging during the period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging to when the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging/discharging each power storage system is reached. to generate
The generating unit (i) is capable of generating random numbers within a certain range and defines a plurality of groups by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) for each group, the period Among the plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in the generating the timing as the time to start charging and discharging the power storage system;
power controller. A power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a power storage system group including power storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the power storage systems installed in the consumers,
a frequency detection unit that detects a frequency of an electric power system or a difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency;
a generation unit that generates information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit;
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. a storage unit that holds related information that associates a period from the start of charge/discharge of the power storage system group to the arrival of the charge/discharge;
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. a receiving unit that receives related information associated with the period from the start of charging and discharging of the power storage system group to the arrival of the power storage system group from a higher system that monitors the electric power system,
(1) Based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit and the related information held in the storage unit, the generation unit determines the power to be charged/discharged in the power storage system and the period. (2) generating a time during the period to cause the power storage system to start charging/discharging;
power controller. A power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to a power storage system group including power storage systems installed in each of a plurality of consumers, and that controls the power storage systems installed in the consumers,
a frequency detection unit that detects a frequency of an electric power system or a difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency;
a generation unit that generates information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit;
a storage unit that holds related information that associates the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency with the electric power to be charged and discharged by the power storage system;
A receiving unit that receives, from a higher-level system that monitors the power system, related information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to a reference frequency. and
The generation unit (1) generates electric power for charging and discharging the power storage system based on the frequency or the difference detected by the frequency detection unit and the related information held in the storage unit, ( 2) The time at which the power storage system starts charging/discharging during the period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging to when the target power of the power storage system group to be achieved by charging/discharging each power storage system is reached. to generate
power controller. A control method in a power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of an energy storage system installed in each of a plurality of consumers and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers There is
detecting a power grid frequency or a difference in the power grid frequency relative to a reference frequency;
A step of generating information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference ,
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. Relevant information that associates a period from the start of charging and discharging of the power storage system group to the arrival of the storage system group is held in a memory, and the generating step includes: (1) the detected frequency or the difference, and the memory based on the related information held in (2) generating the power to charge and discharge the power storage system and the period, (2) generating the time to start charging and discharging the power storage system during the period,
In the generating step, (i) a random number within a certain range can be generated and a plurality of groups are defined by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) for each group, the Among a plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in a period, one timing different from each other is associated, (iii) generating a random number, and (iv) 1 associated with a group containing the random number. generating two timings as times for starting charging and discharging of the power storage system;
power control method. A control method in a power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of an energy storage system installed in each of a plurality of consumers and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers There is
detecting a power grid frequency or a difference in the power grid frequency relative to a reference frequency;
A step of generating information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference ,
A memory stores related information that associates electric power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency, and the generating step includes (1 ) generating electric power for charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference and the related information held in the memory; generating a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system during a period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging until the target power of the power storage system group is reached;
In the generating step, (i) a random number within a certain range can be generated and a plurality of groups are defined by dividing the certain range into a plurality of groups; (ii) for each group, the Among a plurality of timings provided at regular intervals in a period, one timing different from each other is associated, (iii) generating a random number, and (iv) 1 associated with a group containing the random number. generating two timings as times for starting charging and discharging of the power storage system;
power control method. A control method in a power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of an energy storage system installed in each of a plurality of consumers and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers There is
detecting a power grid frequency or a difference in the power grid frequency relative to a reference frequency;
a step of generating information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference;
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. a step of receiving from a higher-level system that monitors the electric power system related information that associates the period from the start of charge/discharge of the power storage system group to the arrival of the power storage system group;
With respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to the reference frequency, the electric power to be charged and discharged by the electric power storage system and the target electric power of the electric power storage system group to be achieved by charging and discharging of each electric power storage system. Relevant information that associates a period from the start of charging and discharging of the power storage system group to the arrival of the storage system group is held in a memory, and the generating step includes: (1) the detected frequency or the difference, and the memory based on the related information held in (2) generating the power to charge and discharge the power storage system and the period, and (2) generating the time to start charging and discharging the power storage system during the period;
power control method. A control method in a power control device that is connected to a group management system that transmits a control command to an energy storage system group composed of an energy storage system installed in each of a plurality of consumers and that controls the energy storage systems installed in the consumers There is
detecting a power grid frequency or a difference in the power grid frequency relative to a reference frequency;
a step of generating information about power to charge/discharge the power storage system and time to start charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference;
a step of receiving, from a higher-level system that monitors the power system, relevant information that associates power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the power system or the difference in the frequency of the power system with respect to a reference frequency; with
A memory stores related information that associates electric power to be charged and discharged to the power storage system with respect to the frequency of the electric power system or the difference in the frequency of the electric power system with respect to a reference frequency, and the generating step includes (1 ) generating electric power for charging/discharging the power storage system based on the detected frequency or the difference and the related information held in the memory; generating a time to start charging/discharging the power storage system during a period from when the power storage system group starts charging/discharging until the target power of the power storage system group is reached;
power control method.

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