JP7061302B1 - Plate used for canisters for inhalation anesthesia - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a canister for an inhalation anesthesia device and a plate used thereof for preventing consumption spots of a carbon dioxide adsorbent. A plate 13 is used for a canister including a canister main body and a lid, and is arranged at a position away from an inlet inside the canister main body to support a carbon dioxide adsorbent from below. It is a disk-shaped one. The plate 13 has a large number of holes 21 for ventilation, and the density of the holes 21 gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside. [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

The present invention relates to a plate used in a canister for an inhalation anesthesia device.

Most of the anesthetic gas supplied to the lungs of patients and patients (animals to be treated) by an inhalation anesthesia machine does not stay in the lungs, but is exhaled from the lungs as exhaled breath. If the anesthetic gas exhaled from the lungs as exhaled breath is released to the outside as it is, it will not only be wasted, but will also have an adverse effect on medical staff such as doctors. For this reason, the inhalation anesthesia machine is provided with a cylindrical canister containing a carbon dioxide adsorbent on the flow path for circulating the exhaled gas in order to collect the exhaled air and reuse the anesthetic gas (for example, the inhalation anesthesia machine). See Patent Document 1).

The exhaled breath of a patient or patient using such an inhalation anesthesia machine is passed through a canister to remove carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide), and then mixed with fresh anesthetic gas before being supplied to the lungs. Since the carbon dioxide adsorbent contained in the canister loses its function by adsorbing a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide gas, it is replaced at a predetermined frequency.

Jikkenhei 03-101962

Since the carbon dioxide adsorbent has a gravel-like embodiment, it tends to be sparse with the inner surface of the canister and dense with the others. For this reason, most of the exhaled air that passes through the canister will flow along the inner surface of the canister. That is, the exhaled air flow in the canister becomes non-uniform. For this reason, some carbon dioxide adsorbents lose their functions early and cannot be used. Therefore, even when there are still usable carbon dioxide adsorbents, all the carbon dioxide adsorbents contained in the canister can be used. It was necessary to replace it with a new one, which was a waste of carbon dioxide adsorbent.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a plate used for a canister for an inhalation anesthesia device that prevents consumption spots of a carbon dioxide adsorbent.

The present invention has a cylindrical shape having a bottom and an upper opening, and a canister main body having an inlet for exhaled breath of a patient or a patient in the center of the bottom and accommodating a carbon dioxide gas adsorbent. Used for an inhalation anesthesia canister having a top plate that closes the opening and a lid provided with an outlet for exhalation in the center of the top plate, the inlet inside the canister body. It is a disk-shaped plate that supports the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent from below by being arranged at a position away from the center, and has a large number of holes for ventilation, and the density of the holes is directed from the center to the outside. It is gradually or gradually sparse and has a circular non-perforated region in which the hole does not exist at a position overlapping the position of the entrance in the top view, and also along the outer edge of the non-perforated region. A plate characterized by having a substantially annular first slit provided at a position and a substantially annular second slit provided at a position outside the first slit. Is.

According to the plate according to the present invention, since the density of the holes gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside, the directional exhaled air flowing along the inner surface of the canister body is discharged from the canister body. It will lead to the center. This makes it possible to prevent the exhaled air flow in the canister body from becoming uneven. As a result, the carbon dioxide adsorbent contained in the canister body loses its function at about the same time and cannot be used. Therefore, when the carbon dioxide adsorbent is replaced with a new one, most of the carbon dioxide adsorbent that can still be used remains. Not. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the consumption spots of the carbon dioxide adsorbent.

According to the plate according to the present invention, since a circular non-perforated region having no holes is provided at a position overlapping the inlet of the exhaled air in the top view, it is possible to prevent the carbon dioxide adsorbent from falling toward the inlet. can.

According to the plate according to the present invention, apart from the large number of holes, the exhalation in the canister main body has a substantially annular first slit and a substantially annular second slit at a position where the exhalation flow is weak. It is possible to further prevent the flow of the flow from becoming uneven.

According to the above plate , it is possible to prevent the consumption spot of the carbon dioxide adsorbent.

It is a schematic diagram of the inhalation anesthesia machine provided with the canister which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the front of a canister. It is a top view which shows a plate. It is a top view which shows the plate to be compared in an experiment. It is a graph showing the experimental result, and the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time [h], and the vertical axis shows the carbon dioxide partial pressure [mmHg]. It is a top view which shows the plate which concerns on the 1st modification. It is a top view which shows the plate which concerns on the 2nd modification. It is a top view which shows the plate which concerns on the 3rd modification.

Hereinafter, the inhalation anesthesia machine 1 provided with the canister 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the configuration of the inhalation anesthesia machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an inhalation anesthesia machine 1.

The inhalation anesthesia machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that supplies an anesthetic gas to the lungs of a patient or a patient. Specifically, the inhalation anesthesia machine 1 includes an anesthetizer main body 2, a circulation type breathing circuit 3, an intake valve 4, a pressure gauge 5, a patient / patient side end 6, an exhalation valve 7, and an excess gas discharge valve. It is provided with 8, a breathing bag 9, and a canister (canister for an inhalation anesthesia machine) 10.

The anesthesia machine main body 2 is a device that generates an anesthetic gas by vaporizing a liquid inhalation anesthetic. The anesthesia machine main body 2 is connected to the circulation type breathing circuit 3, and the generated anesthetic gas is introduced into the circulation type breathing circuit 3.

The circulation type breathing circuit 3 is a flow path to which the anesthesia machine main body 2 is connected and circulates the anesthetic gas generated by the anesthesia machine main body 2. In this circulation type breathing circuit 3, starting from the anesthesia machine main body 2, an intake valve 4, a pressure gauge 5, a patient / patient side end 6, an exhalation valve 7, an excess gas discharge valve 8, a breathing bag 9, and a canister 10 are approximately used. Are arranged or connected in the order of. Further, in the circulation type breathing circuit 3, the intake valve 4 and the pressure gauge 5 receive the anesthetic gas generated by the anesthesia machine main body 2 by arranging the intake valve 4 and the exhalation valve 7 on the circulation type breathing circuit 3. , The patient / patient side end 6, the exhalation valve 7, and the canister 10 are circulated in this order.

The intake valve 4 is arranged in the middle of the circulation type breathing circuit 3 and allows the flow of anesthesia gas from the anesthesia machine main body 2 to the patient / patient side end 6 via the intake valve 4 in the circulation type breathing circuit 3. On the other hand, the backflow from the patient / patient side end 6 to the anesthesia machine main body 2 via the intake valve 4 in the circulation type breathing circuit 3 is prevented.

The pressure gauge 5 is connected to the circulation type breathing circuit 3, measures the pressure in the circulation type breathing circuit 3, and displays the pressure. That is, the pressure gauge 5 measures the pressure in the lungs of the patient or the patient connected to the circulating breathing circuit 3 via the patient / patient side end 6 and displays the pressure.

The patient / patient side end 6 is connected to the circulating breathing circuit 3, and the anesthetic gas is supplied from the circulating breathing circuit 3 to the lungs of the patient or the patient wearing the patient / patient side end 6 and the patient. -The exhaled breath from the patient or the patient wearing the patient side end 6 is supplied to the circulating breathing circuit 3.

The exhalation valve 7 is arranged in the middle of the circulation type breathing circuit 3 and allows the flow of exhaled air from the patient / patient side end 6 to the canister 10 via the exhalation valve 7 in the circulation type breathing circuit 3. , Prevents backflow from the canister 10 to the patient / patient side end 6 via the exhalation valve 7 in the circulation type breathing circuit 3.

The surplus gas discharge valve 8 is connected to the circulation type breathing circuit 3 together with the breathing bag 9, and is closed when the pressure in the circulation type breathing circuit 3 is equal to or less than a predetermined pressure, while the circulation type breathing circuit 3 When the pressure inside exceeds a predetermined pressure, the gas is opened and the excess gas in the circulating breathing circuit 3 is discharged. The surplus gas discharge valve 8 prevents the inside of the circulation type breathing circuit 3 from becoming high pressure by discharging the excess gas in the circulation type breathing circuit 3.

The breathing bag 9 is a manual air supply means. The breathing bag 9 is connected to the circulation type breathing circuit 3 together with the excess gas discharge valve 8, and when crushed by hand, the anesthetic gas in the breathing bag 9 is supplied to the circulation type breathing circuit 3. That is, when the breathing bag 9 is crushed by hand, the anesthetic gas is positively supplied to the lungs of the patient or the patient connected to the circulating breathing circuit 3 via the patient / patient side end 6.

The canister 10 is arranged in the middle of the circulating breathing circuit 3, and the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) in the canister 10 acts on the carbon dioxide gas (carbon dioxide) of the exhaled breath passing through the canister 10. Carbon) is removed. The exhaled breath from which carbon dioxide gas has been removed by passing through the canister 10 circulates in the circulating breathing circuit 3 together with the fresh anesthetic gas generated by the anesthesia machine main body 2.

Next, the configuration of the canister 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken from the front of the canister 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the canister 10 includes a canister main body 11, a lid 12, and a plate 13.

The canister body 11 is a container for accommodating the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30. The canister body 11 is cylindrical with a bottom 14 and an upper opening 15, with a patient or patient breath inlet 16 provided in the center of the bottom 14 and around the inlet 16 at the bottom 14. An annular groove 17 is provided when viewed from above. A circulating breathing circuit 3 is connected to the inlet 16. The groove 17 receives the powdery carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 that has accidentally dropped from the plate 13. Further, the canister main body 11 is provided with an annular flange 18 that supports the plate 13 from below at a position higher than the inlet 16 around the groove 17 at the bottom 14. The flange 18 supports the outer edge of the plate 13 from below so that the plate 13 is located away from the inlet 16.

The lid 12 has a top plate 19 that airtightly closes the opening 15 of the canister body 11. The lid 12 is provided with an outlet 20 for exhalation of a patient or a patient in the center of a top plate 19. A circulating breathing circuit 3 is connected to the outlet 20.

The plate 13 is a disk-shaped plate that supports the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 from below, and is arranged at a position away from the inlet 16 inside the canister main body 11.

Next, the configuration of the plate 13 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the plate 13.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plate 13 has a large number of holes 21 for ventilation, and the density in which the holes 21 are arranged gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside of the plate 13. ing. The plate 13 has a circular non-perforated region 22 in which the hole 21 does not exist at a position overlapping the position of the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) in the canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2) when viewed from above. Further, the plate 13 has a substantially annular first slit 23 at a position along the outer edge of the non-perforated region 22, and a substantially annular second slit 24 at a position outside the first slit 23. have. Each of the large number of holes 21 is a perfect circular hole, and has a size such that the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) does not fall from the plate 13. The size of these numerous holes 21 is gradually or gradually reduced from the center to the outside of the plate 13. Further, a large number of holes 21 are arranged radially.

It will be described back to FIG. The carbon dioxide gas adsorbent 30 is a substance having a strong property of adsorbing carbon dioxide gas, and has a gravel-like shape. The carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 is housed in the canister body 11 so as to be supported from below by the plate 13. Further, the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 acts on the exhaled air passing through the canister main body 11 to adsorb and remove the carbon dioxide gas contained in the exhaled air.

Next, the flow of the anesthetic gas in the inhalation anesthesia machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the anesthetic gas generated by the anesthetizer main body 2 is supplied to the circulating breathing circuit 3 and supplied to the lungs of the patient and the patient via the intake valve 4 and the patient / patient side end 6. To. The exhaled breath from the patient or the patient is supplied to the circulating breathing circuit 3 and is supplied to the canister 10 via the exhalation valve 7. The exhaled breath supplied to the canister 10 passes through the canister 10 to remove carbon dioxide gas. The exhaled breath from which the carbon dioxide gas has been removed circulates in the circulating breathing circuit 3 together with the fresh anesthetic gas generated by the anesthesia machine main body 2.

Next, the flow of exhaled breath inside the canister 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaled air supplied from the circulating breathing circuit 3 to the canister 10 is introduced into the canister 10 from below via the inlet 16 in the canister body 11. The exhaled air introduced into the canister 10 from below through the inlet 16 in the canister body 11 hits the non-perforated region 22 (see FIG. 3) in the plate 13 and is a space below the plate 13 in the canister body 11. Spread to. The exhaled air that has spread to the space below the plate 13 in the canister body 11 has a large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3), a first slit 23 (see FIG. 3), and a second slit 24 (see FIG. 3) in the plate 13. Extends above the plate 13 in the canister body 11 via (see). The exhaled air that has spread above the plate 13 in the canister main body 11 is adsorbed and removed by the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent 30 by touching the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent 30. The exhaled breath from which the carbon dioxide gas has been removed is discharged from above to the outside of the canister 10 through the outlet 20 in the lid 12. The exhaled air discharged out of the canister 10 circulates in the circulating breathing circuit 3 together with the fresh anesthetic gas generated by the anesthesia machine body 2 (see FIG. 1).

Next, an experiment in which the degree of deterioration of the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) with time is investigated will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the plate 40 to be compared in the experiment. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the experimental results, in which the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time [h] and the vertical axis shows the carbon dioxide partial pressure [mmHg].

In the experiment, for the gas introduced from the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) of the canister 10 (see FIG. 2), the oxygen gas flow rate was set to 2 L / min, the carbon dioxide gas flow rate was set to 0.1 L / min, and the carbon dioxide gas partial pressure was set. Is 40 mmHg, and further, the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) is set to 300 g, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas discharged from the outlet 20 (see FIG. 2) of the canister 10 (see FIG. 2) [mmHg. ] Was measured. As a result, the degree of deterioration of the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) with time was investigated. In this experiment, in order to prove the superiority of the plate 13 (see FIG. 3), the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) was used in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2) and the plate in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2). The case where the plate 40 shown in FIG. 4 was used instead of 13 (see FIG. 3) was compared.

The plate 40 shown in FIG. 4 has the same basic configuration as the plate 13 (see FIG. 3), and is a disk-shaped plate that supports the carbon dioxide gas adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) from below, and is a canister main body 11. It is arranged at a position away from the entrance 16 (see FIG. 2) inside (see FIG. 2). The plate 40 has a large number of holes 41 for ventilation, and the density in which the holes 41 are arranged is substantially constant and is not unevenly distributed. However, like the plate 13 (see FIG. 3), the plate 40 has a circular shape in which the hole 41 does not exist at a position overlapping the position of the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) in the canister body 11 (see FIG. 2) when viewed from above. It has a non-perforated region 42.

In the graph in FIG. 5, the measurement results when the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) is used in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2) are plotted with circles, and the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) is plotted in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2). The measurement results when the plate 40 (see FIG. 4) was used instead of the above were plotted with ×. As shown in FIG. 5, when the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) is used in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2), it is compared with the case where the plate 40 (see FIG. 4) is used in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2). It was confirmed that the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) lasts about 30% longer.

Thus, the present embodiment is cylindrical with a bottom 14 (see FIG. 2) and an upper opening 15 (see FIG. 2), with the exhaled breath of the patient or patient in the center of the bottom 14 (see FIG. 2). The canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2) and the opening 15 (see FIG. 2), which are provided with the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) and contain the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2), are closed. A lid 12 (see FIG. 2) having a top plate 19 (see FIG. 2) and having an exhalation outlet 20 (see FIG. 2) at the center of the top plate 19 (see FIG. 2). Used in the canister 10 (see FIG. 2), and placed at a position away from the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) inside the canister body 11 (see FIG. 2), the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2). Is a disk-shaped plate 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) that supports the gas from below, and has a large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3) for ventilation, and the density of the holes 21 (see FIG. 3) is central. It is a plate 13 (see FIG. 3) that gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the outside to the outside.

According to such a plate 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), the density of the holes 21 (see FIG. 3) gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside, so that the canister main body 11 (see FIG. 3) The directional exhaled air flowing along the inner surface of FIG. 2) will be guided to the center of the canister body 11 (see FIG. 2). This makes it possible to prevent the exhaled air flow in the canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2) from becoming uneven. As a result, the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) contained in the canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2) loses its function at about the same time and cannot be used. Therefore, the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) is used. At the time of replacement with a new one, there is almost no carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) that can be used yet. Therefore, it is possible to prevent consumption spots of the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2).

Further, in the plate 13 (see FIG. 3), a large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3) are arranged radially.

Further, the plate 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) has a circular non-perforated region 22 (see FIG. 3) in which the hole 21 (see FIG. 3) does not exist at a position overlapping the position of the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2) in the top view. See).

According to such a plate 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), it is possible to prevent the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2) from falling toward the inlet 16 (see FIG. 2).

Further, the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) has a substantially annular first slit 23 (see FIG. 3) provided at a position along the outer edge of the non-perforated region 22 (see FIG. 3) and a first slit 23. It has a substantially annular second slit 24 (see FIG. 3) provided at a position outside (see FIG. 3).

According to such a plate 13 (see FIG. 3), apart from the large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3), a substantially annular first slit 23 (see FIG. 3) and a substantially annular shape at a position where the exhaled air flow is weak. Since the second slit 24 (see FIG. 3) is provided, it is possible to further prevent the exhaled air flow in the canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2) from becoming uneven.

Further, the present embodiment is a canister 10 (see FIG. 2) including a canister main body 11 (see FIG. 2), a lid 12 (see FIG. 2), and a plate 13 (see FIG. 2).

According to such a canister 10 (see FIG. 2), since the plate 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) described above is provided, it is possible to prevent consumption spots of the carbon dioxide adsorbent 30 (see FIG. 2). can.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and technical idea. That is, the position, size, length, quantity, shape, material, etc. of each configuration can be appropriately changed.

For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3) possessed by the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) is a perfect circular round hole has been described as an example, but the present invention describes this. It is not limited to any of a square hole, an oblong hole, an oblong hole, a cross hole, a mesh (mesh), and the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the large number of holes 21 (see FIG. 3) possessed by the plate 13 (see FIG. 3) are arranged in a radial pattern has been described as an example, but the present invention is limited thereto. Instead, the holes may be arranged so that the density at which the holes are arranged gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside of the plate, as shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C, for example. It may be an array. FIG. 6A is a plan view showing the plate 13A according to the first modification. FIG. 6B is a plan view showing the plate 13B according to the second modification. FIG. 6C is a plan view showing the plate 13C according to the third modification. The same components as those of the plate 13 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the large number of holes 21 included in the plate 13A are radial auxiliary at the intersection of the radial auxiliary line (shown by the alternate long and short dash line) in the plate 13A and the first slit 23. They are arranged on an auxiliary line (shown by a broken line) that intersects a line (shown by a dashed line) at an angle θ.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the large number of holes 21 included in the plate 13B are the intersection of the radial auxiliary line (shown by the alternate long and short dash line) in the plate 13B and the first slit 23, and the radial direction in the plate 13B. It is arranged on a curved line (shown by a broken line) connecting the auxiliary line (shown by the alternate long and short dash line) and the intersection of the outer edge of the plate 13B.

As shown in FIG. 6C, the large number of holes 21 included in the plate 13C are the intersection of the radial auxiliary line (shown by the alternate long and short dash line) in the plate 13C and the first slit 23, and the radial direction in the plate 13C. It is arranged on a curved line (shown by a broken line) connecting the auxiliary line (shown by the alternate long and short dash line) and the intersection of the outer edge of the plate 13C.

1 Inhalation anesthesia machine 2 Anesthesia machine body 3 Circulation type breathing circuit 4 Intake valve 5 Pressure gauge 6 Patient / patient side end 7 Exhalation valve 8 Excess gas discharge valve 9 Breathing bag 10 Canister (canister for inhalation anesthesia machine)
11 Canister body 12 Lid 13, 13A, 13B, 13C Plate 14 Bottom 15 Opening 16 Inlet 17 Groove 18 Flange 19 Top plate 20 Outlet 21 Hole 22 Non-perforated area 23 First slit 24 Second slit 30 Carbon dioxide adsorbent 40 Plate 41 Hole 42 Non-perforated area

Claims (1)

A canister body having a bottom and an upper opening, a canister body having an inlet for exhaled breath of a patient or a patient in the center of the bottom, and accommodating a carbon dioxide adsorbent.
Used in inhalation anesthesia canisters that have a top plate that closes the opening and that have a lid with an exhalation outlet in the center of the top plate.
A disk-shaped plate that supports the carbon dioxide adsorbent from below by being arranged at a position away from the inlet inside the canister body.
It has a large number of holes for ventilation, and the density of the holes gradually or gradually becomes sparse from the center to the outside .
It has a circular non-perforated region in which the hole does not exist at a position overlapping the position of the entrance in the top view, and also
A substantially annular first slit provided at a position along the outer edge of the non-perforated region, and
A plate characterized by having a substantially annular second slit provided at a position outside the first slit .

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