JP6927876B2 - ポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子の製造方法及びポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子 - Google Patents
ポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子の製造方法及びポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6927876B2 JP6927876B2 JP2017519865A JP2017519865A JP6927876B2 JP 6927876 B2 JP6927876 B2 JP 6927876B2 JP 2017519865 A JP2017519865 A JP 2017519865A JP 2017519865 A JP2017519865 A JP 2017519865A JP 6927876 B2 JP6927876 B2 JP 6927876B2
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Description
本発明に係るポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子の一実施態様を図1(a)に示す。液晶材料104及びポリマー105を含む液晶ポリマー複合層109は、2つの透明基板101と108との間に挟まれている。液晶材料104は、負の誘電率異方性を有し、かつ基板に垂直な方向からわずかに傾斜した方向に配向されている。好ましくは、また、ポリマーも基板に垂直な方向からわずかに傾斜した方向に配向されている。ポリマー105は、液晶材料104中に溶解又は分散されたポリマー前駆体の重合によって製造された。重合中、温度は、液晶材料とポリマー前駆体とを含む混合物の透明化温度より高くした。好ましくは、ポリマー前駆体は、液晶材料104と混和性である。混合物中のポリマー前駆体の濃度は、好ましくは10重量%未満、より好ましくは3重量%未満、最も好ましくは2重量%未満である。
2つの基板101及び108の表面に、スパッタリング法によって透明導電性フィルムITO(酸化インジウムスズ)を形成する。電極の上部に、スピンコーターを使用して垂直アラインメント用の材料4811(Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.から入手可能)を塗布する。塗布された基板110及び111を、ホットプレート上にて、80℃で60秒間予備焼成し、次に、オーブン内にて200℃で40分間焼成する。このようにして、約100nmの厚さをそれぞれ有する垂直アラインメントのためのアラインメントフィルム103及び106が形成される。アラインメントフィルム103及び106の表面を、ポリエステル不織布(繊維長:2.0mm)が30mmの直径を有するローラー上に巻かれ、圧力が約40gに設定されたラビング装置を使用して、ラビング処理に10回供する。3μmの直径を有するスペーサーを塗布された基板110上に広げ、二成分エポキシ接着剤を基板110の外周上に塗布し、塗布された基板110及び111をセル厚が3μmになるように固定する。
を、ポリマー前駆体として、液晶及びポリマー前駆体を含む混合物に対して0.7乃至2.0重量%の量で加える。重合開始剤として、Irgacure 907(BASF AGから入手可能)を、二官能性モノマーの量に基づいて15重量%の量で加える。液晶、光重合性モノマー及び重合開始剤の混合物を、毛細管力を利用することによって基板101と108との間の空間に注入する。その液晶セルを、温度を101℃乃至103℃に制御しておいたホットプレート上に置き、UVボックス(KENIS Ltd.によって製造)内にてUV線を用いて5.0mW/cm2(352nm)の強度で32分間照射し、これにより、ポリマー前駆体の重合によってポリマー105を形成する。
実施例1のように、垂直アラインメント材料4811(Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.)の層を、導電性ITOフィルムを有する基板101及び108上にスピンコーティングによって塗布する。熱処理後、アラインメントフィルム103及び106を、ラビング処理に10回供する。3μmの直径を有するスペーサーを基板101上に広げ、二成分エポキシ接着剤を基板101の外周上に塗布し、基板101及び102をセル厚が3μmになるように固定する。
を、ポリマー前駆体として、液晶及びポリマー前駆体を含む混合物に対して0.7乃至2.0重量%の量で加える。重合開始剤として、Irgacure 907(BASF AGから入手可能)を、単官能性モノマーの量に基づいて15重量%の量で加える。液晶、光重合性モノマー及び重合開始剤の混合物を、毛細管力を利用することによって基板101と108との間の空間に注入する。その液晶セルを、101℃乃至103℃の温度のホットプレート上に置き、UVボックス(KENIS Ltd.によって製造)内にてUV線を用いて5.0mW/cm2(352nm)の強度で32分間照射する。
実施例1と同じ材料を使用し、アラインメントフィルムの表面に配向を付与するためのラビング処理に供しない以外は、同じ作製方法を用いる。すなわち、2つの基板101及び108の表面上に、透明導電性フィルムITO(酸化インジウムスズ)をスパッタリング法によって形成する。これらの基板101及び108に、スピンコーターを使用して垂直アラインメント用の材料4811(Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.から入手可能)を塗布し、塗布された材料を、ホットプレート上にて、80℃で60秒間予備焼成し、次に、オーブン内にて200℃で40分間焼成する。このようにして、約100nmの厚さをそれぞれ有する垂直アラインメントのためのアラインメントフィルム103及び106が形成される。3μmの直径を有するスペーサーを基板101上に広げ、二成分エポキシ接着剤を基板101の外周上に塗布し、基板101及び102をセル厚が3μmになるように固定する。
を、ポリマー前駆体として、液晶及びポリマー前駆体を含む組成物に対して0.7、1.4又は2.0重量%の量で加える。重合開始剤として、Irgacure 907(BASF AGから入手可能)を、二官能性モノマーの量に基づいて15重量%の量で加える。液晶、光重合性モノマー及び重合開始剤の混合物を、毛細管力を利用することによって基板101と108との間の空間に注入する。その液晶セルを、101℃乃至103℃の温度のホットプレート上に置き、UVボックス(KENIS Ltd.によって製造)内にてUV線を用いて5.0mW/cm2(352nm)の強度で32分間照射し、これにより、ポリマー前駆体の重合によってポリマー105を形成する。
実施例2で使用したものと同じ材料をこの比較例の作製に使用し、アラインメントフィルムの表面に配向を付与するためのラビング処理に供しない以外は、同じ作製方法を用いる。すなわち、2つの基板101及び108の表面に、透明導電性フィルムITO(酸化インジウムスズ)をスパッタリング法によって形成する。これらの基板101及び108に、スピンコーターを使用して垂直アラインメント用の材料4811(Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.から入手可能)の層を塗布し、塗布された材料を、ホットプレート上にて、80℃で60秒間予備焼成し、次に、オーブン内にて200℃で40分間焼成する。このようにして、約100nmの厚さをそれぞれ有する垂直アラインメントのためのアラインメントフィルム103及び106が形成される。3μmの直径を有するスペーサーを基板101上に広げ、二成分エポキシ接着剤を基板101の外周上に塗布し、基板101及び102を、セル厚が3μmになるように固定する。
を、ポリマー前駆体として、液晶及びポリマー前駆体を含む組成物に対して0.7、1.4又は2.0重量%の量で加える。重合開始剤として、Irgacure 907(BASF AGから入手可能)を、単官能性モノマーの量に基づいて15重量%の量で加える。液晶、光重合性モノマー及び重合開始剤の組成物を、毛細管力を利用することによって基板101と108との間の空間に注入する。その液晶セルを、101℃乃至103℃の温度のホットプレート上に置き、UVボックス(KENIS Ltd.によって製造)内にてUV線を用いて5.0mW/cm2(352nm)の強度で32分間照射する。
最終液晶セルの照射を81℃で行ったという違いのほかは、同じ材料を使用して、セルを実施例1と同様に製造した。したがって、重合反応は液晶混合物のNI点(100.5℃)未満で開始した。
Claims (13)
- ポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子を製造するための方法であって、以下の工程を含む方法:
−電極(102、107)を有する2つの基板(101、108)を準備する工程、
−基板の間のギャップを介して対向する内側に電極を有する2つの基板を配置することによってセルを製造する工程、
−負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶材料(104)及びポリマー前駆体を含む液晶混合物をセルに充填する工程であって、前記液晶混合物中の前記ポリマー前駆体の比率が10重量%未満である工程、
−セルが製造される前に、基板の少なくとも一方の表面を処理することによって、又は液晶混合物がセル中に充填された後に、電場又は磁場を印加することによって、液晶混合物が基板に対する法線方向から傾斜したプレチルト角で配向されるように液晶混合物にアラインメント処理を適用する工程、並びに
−液晶混合物の透明化温度(clearing temperature)よりも高い温度でポリマー前駆体を重合する工程。 - セルが製造される前に、基板(101、108)の少なくとも一方に垂直アラインメントのためのアラインメント層(103、106)が形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- セルが製造される前に、基板の少なくとも一方にラビング処理が適用され、液晶材料(104)にプレチルトを与えるアラインメントがアラインメント層(103、106)中に生成される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- セルが製造される前に、基板(101、108)の少なくとも一方に垂直アラインメントのための光アラインメント層が形成され、そして、別の工程で、光アラインメント層がアライニング光に曝露されて、それによって液晶材料(104)にプレチルトを与えるアラインメントがアラインメント層(103、106)中に生成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 液晶混合物がセル中に充填された後に、電場又は磁場が使用されて、基板の法線に対してプレチルト角を有する液晶材料(104)の傾斜アラインメントが生成される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 基板の法線に対するプレチルト角が0.2°乃至10°の間である、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電極(102、107)を有する2つの基板(101、108)を含むセルであって、前記2つの基板の間のギャップを介して対向する内側に前記電極を有するように配置されたセル、
前記セル中に、前記2つの基板の間に封止された液晶相を有する複合層(109)であって、負の誘電率異方性を有し、電場が印加されていないとき垂直方向に対して0.2°乃至44.5°の範囲のプレチルト角を有する液晶材料(104)とその中に分散されたポリマー(105)を含み、前記液晶材料中の前記ポリマーの比率が10重量%未満である複合層(109)、
を含む、ポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子であって、
偏光子などのいかなる追加の層もなしに測定すると、素子が、電圧がかけられていないとき90%超の可視光に対する透過率を有し、適切な電圧をかけると散乱状態にあることを特徴とする、ポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。 - ポリマー(105)が、単官能性、二官能性又は多官能性アクリラートから製造されている、請求項7に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
- ポリマー(105)が液晶材料(104)から相分離している、請求項7又は8に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
- 偏光子(113、114)がセルの各側に取り付けられている、請求項7乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
- 偏光子(113、114)の偏光方向が互いに垂直である、請求項10に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
- 反射体をさらに含む、請求項7乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
- 追加の偏光子(113、114)によって特徴付けられる、請求項12に記載のポリマー含有散乱型液晶素子。
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