JP6920212B2 - 嫌気性微生物用培養デバイス - Google Patents
嫌気性微生物用培養デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6920212B2 JP6920212B2 JP2017556553A JP2017556553A JP6920212B2 JP 6920212 B2 JP6920212 B2 JP 6920212B2 JP 2017556553 A JP2017556553 A JP 2017556553A JP 2017556553 A JP2017556553 A JP 2017556553A JP 6920212 B2 JP6920212 B2 JP 6920212B2
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- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
本出願は、その開示が参照によってその全体が本明細書に援用される、2015年4月29日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/154,299号の優先権を主張するものである。
多くの細菌は酸素に対して感受性があり、酸素存在下では生育しない。このような嫌気性微生物の生存能を測定することは、種々の環境において有用であり得る。例えば、嫌気性微生物が食品及び飲料加工施設及び/又は包装施設に存在するかどうかを測定することが重要であり得る。医療環境にて嫌気性微生物の存在を測定すること、例えば、診断検査で病原菌の存在を測定することもまた重要であり得る。別の例として、水処理施設では試料水を検査し、このような微生物の存在を測定している。
広くは、本開示は試料中の微生物の検出、及び所望により計数に関する。特に、本開示は、微耐気性(microaerotolerant)微生物、微好気性微生物、偏性嫌気性微生物の生育及び検出に関する。生育及び検出は、改良された内蔵型(self-contained)環境生成培養デバイスを使用して実施できる。改良された環境生成デバイスは、水により活性化されて、溶存酸素濃度が低減されており、かつ所望により溶存二酸化炭素濃度が増加している水性の生育培地を生成する。
本開示のいずれかの実施形態について詳細に説明する前に、本発明は、以下の説明に記載し又は以下の図面に図示する構成要素の構造及び配置の詳細にその用途が限定されないことを理解されたい。本発明は、他の実施形態が可能であり、様々な方法で実施又は実行することができる。更に、本明細書で使用される専門用語及び用語は、説明目的のためであり、制限とみなされるべきではないと理解されている。本明細書における「含む(including)」、「備える(comprising)」又は「有する(having)」、及びこれらの変形の使用は、以下に挙げる品目及びその等価物、並びに付加的な品目を包含するものである。別段の指定又は制限のない限り、用語「接続される」及び「連結される」並びにその変化形は、幅広く使用され、直接的及び間接的な接続と連結の双方を包含する。更に、「連結された」及び「結合された」とは、物理的又は機械的な連結又は結合に限定されない。本開示の範囲から逸脱することなく、他の実施形態を利用することができ、構造上又は論理上の変更を加えることもできることを理解されたい。更に、「前」、「後」、「上」、及び「下」といった用語は、各要素の互いに対する関係を説明するためにのみ用いられるものであり、装置の特定の向きを説明すること、装置に必要とされる若しくは求められる向きを指示又は示唆すること、あるいは本明細書に記載される発明が、使用時にどのように使用、装着、表示、又は配置されるかを特定することを目的とするものでは決してない。
実施形態Aは、微生物コロニーを計数するための培養デバイスであって、
反対面となる内側表面及び外側表面を有する第1のベース材と、
反対面となる内側表面及び外側表面を有するカバーシートと、
ベース材とカバーシートとの間に配置されたスペーサー部材であって、ベース材又はカバーシートに結合されており、生育区画の形状及び深さを画定する開口部を含み、スペーサー部材及び生育区画が、ベース材の内側表面とカバーシートの内側表面との間に配置されている、スペーサー部材と、
生育区画においてベース材に接着された第1の接着剤層、又は生育区画においてカバーシートに接着された第2の接着剤層と、
第1の接着剤層又は第2の接着剤層に接着した有効量の乾燥状態の脱酸素剤であって、
本質的に106マイクロメートル未満の直径を有する粒子から構成される脱酸素剤と、
第1又は第2の接着剤層に接着した乾燥状態の冷水溶解性ゲル化剤であって、
ベース材又はスペーサー部材に結合されているカバーシートと、を含む、培養デバイスである。
ベース材の内側表面が、該内側表面に接着している第1の接着剤を有しており、
生育区画に配置された1つ以上の第1の成分が、第1の接着剤に付着しており、
第1の成分が、ゲル化剤、脱酸素剤、緩衝剤、栄養成分、指示薬、選択剤、還元剤、及び前述の第1の成分のいずれか2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、実施形態A〜Zのいずれか1つに記載の培養デバイスである。
第2の成分が、第1の接着剤に配置され、
第2の成分が、指示薬、選択剤、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、実施形態AAに記載の培養デバイスである。
カバーシートの内側表面が、該内側表面に接着している第2の接着剤を有しており、
生育区画に配置された1つ以上の第3の成分が、第2の接着剤に付着しており、
第3の成分が、ゲル化剤、脱酸素剤、緩衝剤、栄養成分、指示薬、選択剤、還元剤、及び前述の第3の成分のいずれか2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、実施形態A〜ACのいずれか1つに記載の培養デバイスである。
第4の成分が、第2の接着剤に配置され、
第4の成分が、指示薬、選択剤、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、実施形態ACに記載の培養デバイスである。
実施形態A〜AHに記載の培養デバイスを、その内部の生育区画へのアクセスを提供する開いた構成で配置することと、
所定量の水性液体を生育区画に配置することと、
試料を生育区画に配置することと、
培養デバイスを閉じることと、
培養培地において微生物にコロニーを形成させるのに十分な一定時間にわたり培養デバイスをインキュベートすることと、
微生物コロニーを検出することと、を含み、
水性液体と試料及び生育区画に配置すること、並びに、培養デバイスを閉じることが、培養デバイスのベース材、カバーシート、及びスペーサーにより取り囲まれた半固体の微生物培養培地を形成することを含む、方法である。
Claims (9)
- 微好気性微生物コロニーを計数するための培養デバイスであって、
反対面となる内側表面及び外側表面を有するベース材と、
反対面となる内側表面及び外側表面を有するカバーシートと、
前記ベース材と前記カバーシートとの間に配置されたスペーサー部材であって、前記ベース材又は前記カバーシートに結合されており、生育区画の形状及び深さを画定する開口部を含み、前記スペーサー部材及び前記生育区画が、前記ベース材の前記内側表面と前記カバーシートの前記内側表面との間に配置されている、スペーサー部材と、
前記生育区画において前記ベース材に接着された第1の接着剤層、又は前記生育区画において前記カバーシートに接着された第2の接着剤層と、
前記第1の接着剤層又は前記第2の接着剤層に付着した、微好気性微生物の生育を促進するために十分な酸素を消費するための有効量の乾燥状態の脱酸素剤と、
前記第1の接着剤層又は前記第2の接着剤層に付着した乾燥状態の冷水溶解性ゲル化剤と、を備え、
前記カバーシートは、前記ベース材又は前記スペーサー部材に結合されており、
前記培養デバイスが、閉じられた状態において、前記培養デバイス外部の気体環境から、前記生育区画までの開放流体経路を有する、培養デバイス。 - 前記生育区画において、前記第1の接着剤層又は前記第2の接着剤層に付着した有効量の乾燥状態の二酸化炭素発生剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の培養デバイス。
- 対象とする微生物の生育を促進させるための乾燥状態の栄養成分を更に含み、前記栄養成分が、前記生育区画において前記ベース材又は前記カバーシートに付着しており、
対象とする嫌気性微生物の生育を検出するための第1の指示薬を更に含み、前記第1の指示薬が、前記生育区画において前記ベース材又は前記カバーシートに付着しており、
対象としない微生物の生育を阻害するための有効量の選択剤を更に含み、前記選択剤が、前記生育区画において前記ベース材又は前記カバーシートに付着しており、
有効量の還元剤を更に含み、前記還元剤が、前記生育区画において前記ベース材又は前記カバーシートに付着している、請求項1又は2に記載の培養デバイス。 - 前記ベース材の前記内側表面が、該内側表面に接着されている第1の接着剤を有しており、
前記生育区画に配置された1つ以上の第1の成分が、前記第1の接着剤に付着しており、
前記第1の成分が、前記ゲル化剤、前記脱酸素剤、前記緩衝剤、前記栄養成分、前記指示薬、前記選択剤、前記還元剤、及び前述の第1の成分のうちのいずれか2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の培養デバイス。 - 前記カバーシートの前記内側表面が、該内側表面に接着されている第2の接着剤を有しており、
前記生育区画に配置された1つ以上の第3の成分が、前記第2の接着剤に付着しており、
前記第3の成分が、前記ゲル化剤、前記脱酸素剤、前記緩衝剤、前記栄養成分、前記指示薬、前記選択剤、前記還元剤、及び前述の第3の成分のうちのいずれか2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の培養デバイス。 - 前記生育区画に配置された第2の指示薬を更に含み、前記第2の指示薬が、対象としない微生物及び対象とする微生物の存在を示す、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の培養デバイス。
- 試料中の微好気性微生物を検出する方法であって、
請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の培養デバイスを、その内部の前記生育区画へのアクセスを提供する開いた構成で配置することと、
所定量の水性液体を前記生育区画に配置することと、
試料を前記生育区画に配置することと、
前記培養デバイスを閉じることと、
培養培地において微生物コロニーを形成させるのに十分な一定時間にわたり前記培養デバイスをインキュベートすることと、
前記微生物コロニーを検出することと、を含み、
前記水性液体及び前記試料を前記生育区画に配置すること、並びに、前記培養デバイスを閉じることが、前記培養デバイスの前記ベース材、前記カバーシート、及び前記スペーサーにより取り囲まれた半固体の微生物培養培地を形成することを含み、
前記培養デバイスを閉じることが、前記培養デバイス外部の気体環境から、前記生育区画において取り囲まれた前記半個体の微生物培養培地までの開放流体経路を残すことを含む、方法。 - 前記添加剤が選択剤を含み、前記有効量の選択剤が、前記培養デバイスにおける乳酸菌の生育を実質的に可能にし、前記有効量の選択剤が、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、クロストリジウム・スポロゲネス、ウェルシュ菌、バクテロイデス・フラジリス、プレボテラ・メラニノゲニカ、及び/又はフソバクテリウムの種の生育を実質的に阻害する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の微生物コロニーを計数することが、二酸化炭素産生コロニーを非二酸化炭素産生コロニーから鑑別することを更に含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
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