JP6984879B2 - Ignition device and aerosol fire extinguishing device including the ignition device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ignition device and an aerosol fire extinguishing device including the ignition device. The aerosol fire extinguishing device can extinguish or suppress a fire by generating aerosol by combustion.

An aerosol fire extinguishing device is known that extinguishes or suppresses a flame by burning an extinguishing agent to generate an aerosol and injecting the aerosol (for example, Patent Document 1). Such an aerosol fire extinguisher is provided with an ignition device for igniting an extinguishing agent, and the ignition device ignites an igniting agent by energizing a resistor (for example, a bridge wire) connecting a pair of electrodes to each other, thereby extinguishing the fire. Ignite the agent.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-156038

This type of igniter generally contains an explosive component to facilitate ignition. However, when a non-explosive igniter is used, the amount of heat generated by energization of the resistor may be insufficient or dissipated, and the igniter may not ignite.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ignition device capable of reliably igniting the ignition agent by energizing a resistor even when a non-explosive ignition agent is used, and an aerosol fire extinguishing device including the ignition device. do.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an ignition device for igniting a fire extinguishing agent that generates aerosol by combustion, and is a resistance that connects a pair of electrodes and the pair of electrodes to generate heat by energization. A non-explosive igniter that comes into contact with the body, a heat storage body that contacts the resistor and stores heat generated in the resistor, and a non-explosive igniter that contacts the heat storage body and ignites with a predetermined amount of heat to ignite the fire extinguishing agent. Provided is an ignition device characterized by comprising.

In the ignition device of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, it is preferable that the heat storage body is formed so as to cover the peripheral surface of the resistor.

Further, in the ignition device of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, it is preferable that the heat storage body contains nitrocellulose.

Further, in the ignition device of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, it is preferable that the ignition agent contains boron, molybdenum trioxide, and nitrocellulose.

The present invention also provides an aerosol fire extinguishing device including a fire extinguishing agent that generates an aerosol by combustion and the ignition device according to any one of the above.

In the aerosol fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration, the fire extinguishing agent contains potassium chlorate, and the DSC evaluation (100 to 400 ° C., 10 ° C., temperature rise per minute) has a total heat absorption peak of 100 J / g to 900 J / g. Is preferable.

According to the present invention, even when a non-explosive igniter is used, the igniter can be reliably ignited by energizing the resistor.

It is an external view which shows typically the ignition device which concerns on the typical embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the ignition device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structural example of the aerosol fire extinguishing apparatus including the ignition apparatus of FIG. It is a top view and sectional view schematically showing another configuration example of an ignition device. It is an exploded view and the perspective view which shows the other structural example of the ignition device schematically.

Hereinafter, the ignition device according to a typical embodiment of the present invention and the aerosol fire extinguishing device including the ignition device will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these drawings. In addition, since the drawings are for conceptually explaining the present invention, the dimensions, ratios, or numbers may be exaggerated or simplified as necessary for easy understanding.

[Ignition device]
The ignition device 1 is a device for igniting a fire extinguishing agent that generates aerosol by combustion, and is attached to, for example, an aerosol fire extinguishing device as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ignition device 1 includes a pair of electrodes 2 and 3, a resistor 4, a heat storage body 5, and an igniter 6. The igniting agent 6 used here is a non-explosive agent as described later, but may be an agent containing an explosive component. Further, the ignition device 1 may include an insulating plug 7 and a header 8 for accommodating the above components.

The pair of electrodes 2 and 3 are conductors such as metal pins. In this embodiment, the pair of electrodes 2 and 3 are inserted into a hole formed in a header 8 made of an insulator such as glass, and are inserted into each other via a resistor 4 at the inner end of the plug 7. It is connected. Regarding the outer ends of the pair of electrodes 2 and 3, the end of the positive electrode side (for example, the electrode 2) is connected to the power supply and the control circuit, and the end of the negative electrode side (for example, the electrode 3) is grounded. ..

The resistor 4 is a conductor (for example, linear) that connects a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 to each other and generates heat when energized. The resistor 4 is a wire rod containing, for example, nickel and chromium, and is a heat-generating resistor such as a bridge wire.

The heat storage body 5 stores the heat generated in the resistor 4, thereby supplying the igniting agent 6 with a sufficient amount of heat for ignition of the igniting agent 6. That is, it can be said that the heat storage body 5 is a component for improving the heat capacity of the resistor 4.

The heat storage body 5 may be arranged so as to be in contact with the resistor 4 so as to store heat from the resistor 4, but for example, the heat storage body 5 is arranged so as to cover (or surround) the peripheral surface of the resistor 4. -It is preferable to be formed. As a result, the heat generated by the resistor 4 is efficiently stored in the heat storage body 5, and the certainty of ignition of the ignition agent 6 is increased. The heat storage body 5 may cover the entire peripheral surface of the resistor 4 or may partially cover the peripheral surface of the resistor 4.

The heat storage body 5 is formed, for example, by solidifying a solution of nitrocellulose. As a method for forming the heat storage body 5, for example, a solution of nitrocellulose may be applied to the resistor 4, the resistor 4 may be immersed in the solution, or the resistor 4 and the header 8 may be covered with the solution. can. Further, as an example of a specific component of the heat storage body 5, among cellulose, nitrocellulose, enamel, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, Teflon (registered trademark), vinyl chloride, bakelite, melamine or a derivative thereof, or the above resin. There is a copolymer composed of two or more of them.

The igniting agent 6 is a non-explosive agent (composition) that ignites with a predetermined amount of heat and ignites the extinguishing agent. By adopting a non-explosive agent as the igniting agent 6, the safety of the device is improved and the handling in each situation such as manufacturing, storage and installation becomes easy.

The spark plug 6 is filled in a tubular plug 7 made of an insulating material such as polyethylene so as to come into contact with the heat storage body 5. In the embodiment in which the igniting agent 6 comes into contact with the heat storage body 5, for example, the igniting agent 6 may completely or partially cover the heat storage body 5 and the resistor 4, or may surround the heat storage body 5.

The igniter 6 may contain boron, molybdenum trioxide, and nitrocellulose. The ratio of these components is preferably 5-30% by weight of boron, 20-70% by weight of molybdenum trioxide, and 1-20% by weight of nitrocellulose, and more preferably 15% by weight and 85% by weight, respectively. %% by weight and 10% by weight.

In the ignition device 1 described above, when a predetermined condition such as an environmental temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature is satisfied, the control circuit (not shown) has a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 with respect to the power source (not shown). Power is supplied in between.

Then, the resistor 4 is heated by energization, and the heat generated by the resistor 4 is stored in the heat storage body 5. Then, when a predetermined amount of heat is stored in the heat storage body 5, the ignition agent 6 ignites, and further, the fire extinguishing agent ignites. In this way, the heat generated by the resistor 4 is efficiently (without being dissipated) transferred to the igniter 6 via the heat storage body 5.

[Aerosol fire extinguishing device]
Next, an aerosol fire extinguishing device incorporating the above-mentioned ignition device 1 will be described. The aerosol fire extinguishing device can be installed in, for example, a building, an electric control panel, an electrochemical device such as a storage battery, or a machine tool. The aerosol fire extinguishing device 10 shown in FIG. 3 is an example of an aerosol fire extinguishing device to which the ignition device 1 can be applied.

The aerosol fire extinguishing device 10 is a type of fire extinguishing device mounted so as to protrude from the installation surface (not shown), and as shown in FIG. 3, the container 11, the fire extinguishing agent 12, the ignition device 1, the cooling material layer 14, It is composed of a spacer 15 and a sealing material 16. Hereinafter, each component of the aerosol fire extinguishing device 10 will be described in order.

The container 11 is a cylindrical member that houses the fire extinguishing agent 12, the coolant layer 14, the spacer 15, and the sealing material 16. The container 11 is made of a metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel so as to withstand the internal pressure (for example, 5 MPa) that increases due to the generation of aerosol.

The container 11 has a flange 21 that opens toward the installation surface and extends from the edge forming the opening. The flange 21 is provided for fixing the container 11 to the installation surface by a fixing means such as a bolt, and is integrally formed with the main body of the container 11. Therefore, no additional jig is required to attach the container 11 to the installation surface.

The opening of the container 11 is sealed by the cover 23. The cover 23 is fixed to the flange 21 by fixing means such as screwing, adhesive, caulking. The cover 23 is formed with a hole 231 for inserting the ignition device 1.

The tip of the container 11, that is, the end opposite to the opening, is covered by the bottom surface 22. Aerosol ejection holes 221 and 222 are formed on the bottom surface 22. The bottom surface 22 can also be integrally formed with the main body of the container 11.

The inner surface of the container 11 serves to guide the aerosol so that it is ejected from the ejection holes 221,222, for example, like a barrel. The length of the inner surface constituting the guide portion in the extending direction must be the directivity required for the aerosol ejected from the aerosol fire extinguishing device 10, that is, how far the aerosol must reach the fire extinguishing object. It is decided according to whether or not it exists. A step for locking the coolant layer 14 is formed on the inner surface of the container 11.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 is housed in the vicinity of the opening in the container 11 and generates an aerosol by combustion. The fire extinguishing agent 12 may be a non-chemical composition containing potassium chlorate and an aerosol-generating component, and is formed into a disk shape in the present embodiment. The composition of the fire extinguishing agent 12 will be described later.

The fire extinguisher 12 has a recess 121 for mounting the ignition device 1 on the surface of the container 11 facing the opening (hole 231 of the cover 23). The recess 121 does not penetrate to the opposite surface (the surface of the fire extinguishing agent 12 on the bottom surface 22 side). That is, the depth of the recess 121 is smaller than the thickness of the fire extinguishing agent 12. With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent sparks and flames that can be ejected from the ignition device 1 from ejecting from the ejection holes 221,222.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 is in contact with the wire mesh 18 on the surface on the bottom surface 22 side. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent 12 is sandwiched between the cover 23 and the wire mesh 18. The wire mesh 18 is made of a highly breathable material like the wire meshes 142 and 143 described later. Therefore, the aerosol generated in the fire extinguishing agent 12 passes through the wire mesh 18 and flows into the coolant layer 14.

The ignition device 1 has the above-mentioned configuration and is attached to the recess 121 of the fire extinguishing agent 12 through the hole 231 of the cover 23. The ignition device 1 may be detachably attached to the aerosol fire extinguishing device 10. A heat sensor (not shown) may be provided in order to notify the ignition device 1 of the occurrence of a fire and operate it.

The coolant layer 14 is housed in the container 11 on the bottom surface 22 side of the fire extinguishing agent 12. The coolant layer 14 includes a coolant 141 and wire mesh 142, 143 that holds the coolant 141. In the present embodiment, the coolant layer 14 is formed into a disk shape or a columnar shape as a whole, and is locked to the container 11 at a step formed on the inner peripheral surface of the container 11.

The coolant 141 cools the aerosol generated from the fire extinguishing agent 12. The coolant 141 may be a sphere made of an inorganic oxide such as alumina, silica, or heat-resistant ceramic, or may be a metal granular material. Alternatively, the coolant 141 may have a cylindrical shape or a hollow cylindrical shape. In this embodiment, a plurality of alumina balls constitute the coolant 141.

The wire mesh 142, 143 sandwiches and holds the coolant 141. The wire mesh 142, 143 may be formed, for example, by knitting a metal wire rod into a mesh or mesh shape. By fixing the plurality of spheres constituting the coolant 141 with the wire mesh 142, 143, it is possible to absorb the variation in height in each member such as the coolant 141. The wire mesh 142, 143 may be, for example, a foamable polymer material or a metal leaf spring.

Since the wire meshes 142 and 143 have a mesh-like or mesh-like shape as described above, gas can pass therethrough. Therefore, the aerosol that has flowed into the wire mesh 142 from the opening side passes between the alumina balls (coolant 141), passes through the wire mesh 143, and escapes to the bottom surface 22 side.

In this embodiment, only one coolant layer 14 is provided. Therefore, as compared with, for example, an aerosol fire extinguishing device having two layers of coolant containing large and small alumina balls, the structure is simple, so that assembly is easy and cost reduction is achieved.

The spacer 15 is provided between the fire extinguishing agent 12 (wire mesh 18) and the coolant layer 14, and separates both members. The spacer 15 may be, for example, a ring member arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the container 11 and has a certain thickness so as to separate the fire extinguishing agent 12 and the coolant layer 14 by a certain distance.

The sealing material 16 seals the ejection holes 221 and 222 on the bottom surface 22, and when the internal pressure of the container 11 exceeds a predetermined value, the aerosol is ejected from the ejection holes 221 and 222. The sealing material 16 is a waterproof / oil-proof / moisture-proof sealant, and may have, for example, an aluminum layer of 30 to 80 μm and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of 50 μm.

[Fire extinguishing agent composition]
The fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing agent composition) 12 used in this embodiment will be described. As the fire extinguishing agent composition, various ones may or may not belong to the classification of explosives.
The fire extinguishing agent 12 in the present embodiment contains, for example, 20 to 50% by mass of fuel (component A) and 80 to 50% by mass of chlorate (component B), and the total amount of the fuel and the chlorate is 100. It contains 6 to 1000 parts by mass of a potassium salt (C component) with respect to a mass portion, and the thermal decomposition start temperature is in the range of more than 90 ° C. to 260 ° C.

The fuel which is the component A is a component for generating thermal energy by combustion together with the chlorate which is the component B to generate an aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the potassium salt of the component C.

Examples of the fuel for the component A include dicyandiamide, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, urea, melamine, melamine cyanurate, avicel, guagam, sodium carboxylmethylcellulose, potassium carboxylmethylcellulose, ammonium carboxylmethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, aluminum, boron, and magnesium. , Magnalium, zirconium, titanium, titanium hydride, tungsten and silicon are preferably selected from at least one.

Chlorate of component B is a powerful oxidizing agent, and is a component for generating thermal energy by combustion together with fuel of component A and generating an aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the potassium salt of component C.

As the chlorate salt of the B component, for example, one selected from at least one of potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, strontium chlorate, ammonium chlorate and magnesium chlorate is preferable.

Here, the content ratio of the fuel of the component A and the chlorate of the component B in the total 100% by mass is as follows.
A component: 20 to 50% by mass
Preferably 25-40% by weight
More preferably 25-35% by mass
B component: 80 to 50% by mass
Preferably 75-60% by weight
More preferably 75-65% by mass

Next, the potassium salt of the C component is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) by the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the A component and the B component.

Examples of the potassium salt of the C component include potassium acetate, potassium propionate, monopotassium citrate, dipotassium citrate, tripotassium citrate, monopotassium trihydrogen tetraacetate ethylenediamine, dipotassium dihydrogen tetraacetate ethylenediamine, and tetratetraethylenediamine. It is preferably selected from at least one of tripotassium monohydrogen acetate, tetrapotassium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium hydrogen phthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogen oxalate, dipotassium oxalate and potassium bicarbonate.

The content ratio of the C component is preferably 6 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 900 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the A component and the B component.

Further, the fire extinguishing agent composition of the present embodiment has a thermal decomposition start temperature in the range of more than 90 ° C. to 260 ° C., preferably more than 150 ° C. to 260 ° C. Such a range of the thermal decomposition start temperature can be prepared by combining the above-mentioned A component, B component and C component in the above ratio.

By satisfying the above range of the thermal decomposition start temperature, the fire extinguishing agent composition of the present embodiment automatically receives the heat at the time of a fire and automatically separates the A component and the B component without using an ignition device or the like. It can be ignited and burned to generate an aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the C component to extinguish the fire.

The ignition temperature of wood, which is generally used as a combustible material in a room, is 260 ° C, and it does not start at 90 ° C or less, which is the general operating temperature of a heat detector of an automatic fire alarm system installed in a place where fire is handled. By setting the thermal decomposition start temperature as a condition, the fire can be extinguished quickly and the malfunction of the thermal sensor can be prevented. In particular, since the maximum set temperature of the heat sensor is 150 ° C., high versatility can be obtained by setting the lower limit of the thermal decomposition start temperature to more than 150 ° C.

Although the typical embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various design changes are possible, and these are also included in the present invention.

As another configuration example of the ignition device, as in the ignition device 31 shown in FIG. 4, the metal wiring 34 formed on the insulating substrate is used as a resistor, and the heat storage body 35 is attached to the metal wiring 34 and both ends thereof. The tips of the pair of connected electrodes 32 and 33 may be covered (sealed). In the figure, the ignition agent covering the heat storage body 35 and the plug for storing the ignition agent and the like are omitted.

With such a configuration, the ignition device 31 can be manufactured by utilizing the process technology of the semiconductor device. Therefore, it is possible not only to reliably ignite the fire extinguisher but also to reduce the size of the ignition device.

Further, as another configuration example, as in the ignition device 51 shown in FIG. 5, a carbon film 54 formed on the surface of a rod-shaped ceramic is used as a resistor, and lead wires (electrodes) 52 are interposed at both ends thereof with a lead wire (electrode) 52. , 53 may be connected, and the heat storage body 55 may be further formed so as to cover the carbon film 54. Also in this figure, the ignition agent covering the heat storage body 55 and the plug for storing the ignition agent and the like are omitted.

With such a configuration, the ignition device 51 can be manufactured by applying the material and manufacturing technique of the carbon film resistor. Therefore, it is possible not only to reliably ignite the extinguishing agent but also to reduce the manufacturing cost of the ignition device.

1 ... Ignition device,
2,3 ... Electrodes,
4 ... resistor,
5 ... Heat storage body,
6 ... Ignition agent,
10 ... Aerosol fire extinguishing device,
11 ... Container,
12 ... Fire extinguishing agent,
14 ... coolant layer,
15 ... Spacer.

Claims (5)

An ignition device for igniting a fire extinguisher that generates aerosol by combustion.
With a pair of electrodes,
A resistor that connects the pair of electrodes and generates heat when energized,
A heat storage body that comes into contact with the resistor and stores the heat generated in the resistor.
A non-explosive igniter that comes into contact with the heat storage body and ignites with a predetermined amount of heat to ignite the extinguishing agent.
Equipped with
The heat storage material is cellulose, nitrocellulose, enamel, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, Teflon (registered trademark), vinyl chloride, bakelite, melamine or a derivative thereof, or a copolymer composed of two or more of these. Including
The igniting agent contains boron, molybdenum trioxide, and nitrocellulose.
Ignition device featuring. The heat storage body is formed so as to cover the peripheral surface of the resistor.
The ignition device according to claim 1. The heat storage body contains nitrocellulose,
The ignition device according to claim 1 or 2. The igniting agent contains boron, molybdenum trioxide, and nitrocellulose.
The ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
An aerosol fire extinguishing device comprising a fire extinguishing agent that generates an aerosol by combustion and the ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The fire extinguishing agent contains potassium chlorate and contains
DSC evaluation (100 to 400 ° C, 10 ° C, temperature rise per minute) The total amount of endothermic peak is 100 J / g to 900 J / g.
The aerosol fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 4.

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