JP6974242B2 - Evaluation method to evaluate the temperature change of misalignment that occurs between gears - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an evaluation method for evaluating a temperature change in misalignment that occurs between gears.

A measuring device for measuring misalignment of gears that are combined and meshed with each other is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-333421

At the prototype stage prior to mass production, we want to accurately evaluate misalignment. Moreover, I would like to evaluate how the misalignment changes when the operating temperature changes. However, it is difficult to directly measure the gears that are combined and meshed with each other in a constant temperature bath, and it is difficult to improve the measurement accuracy.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides an evaluation method for accurately evaluating how the misalignment that occurs between gears that mesh with each other changes with a temperature change. It is a thing.

The evaluation method in the specific embodiment of the present invention is an evaluation method for evaluating the temperature change of the misalignment of the first gear and the second gear that mesh with each other, and is a material having a smaller thermal expansion rate than the material of the first gear. A first gear in which the formed first auxiliary material extends in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the first gear, and a first gear formed of a material having a smaller thermal expansion rate than the material of the second gear. 2 An installation process in which the second gear mounted so that the auxiliary material extends in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the second gear is installed in the constant temperature bath in an aligned state in which the auxiliary material is meshed with each other, and the constant temperature bath is first set. The first measurement step of setting the temperature and measuring the distance from the outside of the constant temperature bath to the first auxiliary material and the second auxiliary material through the measurement window of the constant temperature bath, and setting the constant temperature bath to the second set temperature, the first The second measurement process that measures the distance to the first auxiliary material and the second auxiliary material as in the measurement process, and the measurement results of the first measurement process and the measurement results of the second measurement process are substituted into predetermined evaluation formulas. It has a calculation process for calculating the evaluation value.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately evaluate how the misalignment that occurs between gears that mesh with each other changes with a temperature change.

It is a schematic perspective view of the hypoid gears meshing with each other. It is a figure which shows the state which the auxiliary rod is attached to the hypoid gear. It is a figure which shows the state of the measurement performed with respect to the gear box housed in a constant temperature bath. It is a figure which shows the example of the positional relationship of the hypoid gear at the 1st set temperature. It is a figure which shows the example of the positional relationship of the hypoid gear at the 2nd set temperature.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention, but the invention according to the claims is not limited to the following embodiments. Moreover, not all of the configurations described in the embodiments are indispensable as means for solving the problem.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of hypoid gears 10 that mesh with each other. In the following embodiment, the hypoid gear 10 will be described as an example as a combination of the first gear and the second gear that mesh with each other.

The hypoid gear 10 is configured by combining a ring gear 100 and a pinion gear 200. The ring gear 100 has a shaft 100a as an output shaft and a gear portion 100g as a driving force transmission unit. The pinion gear 200 has a shaft 200a as an input shaft and a gear portion 200g as a driving force transmission unit. The gear portion 100 g and the gear portion 200 g mesh with each other on the inclined surface in the shape of a cap tooth. Therefore, the output rotation shaft Ar of the shaft 100a and the input rotation shaft Ap of the shaft 200a are in a twisting relationship that does not intersect with each other. In addition, in FIG. 1, the shaft 100a and the shaft 200a represent a part, and a coupling portion with other elements and the like are omitted. Further, the tooth surface shapes of the gear portion 100 g and the gear portion 200 g are also omitted.

The reference point Cr of the ring gear 100 is set at the intersection of the end face of the ring gear 100 and the output rotation shaft Ar as shown in the figure. Further, the reference point Cp of the pinion gear 200 is set at the intersection of the end face of the pinion gear 200 and the input rotation axis Ap as shown in the figure. Further, as shown in the figure, the direction along the output rotation axis Ar is defined as the x-axis, the direction along the input rotation axis Ap is defined as the y-axis, and the directions orthogonal to the x-axis and the y-axis are defined as the z-axis.

With this definition, the alignment state in which the ring gear 100 and the pinion gear 200 mesh with each other is the separation distance G in the x-axis direction of the reference point Cr and the reference point Cp, the separation distance P in the y-axis direction, and the separation distance E in the z-axis direction. , And the angle R formed by the input rotation axis Ap and the output rotation axis Ar. When these four alignment values G, P, E, and R _{match the design values G s} , P _s , E _s , and R _s, it can be evaluated that the misalignment amount is 0.

At the prototype stage prior to mass production, we want to accurately evaluate misalignment. Moreover, I would like to evaluate how the misalignment changes when the operating temperature changes. Therefore, a procedure for accurately detecting misalignment in a constant temperature bath by meshing the ring gear 100 and the pinion gear 200 at the prototype stage will be described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which an auxiliary rod is attached to the hypoid gear 10. Three ring auxiliary rods 110, 120, and 130 are mounted on the outer peripheral side surface 100s of the ring gear 100 so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the output rotation axis Ar, respectively. Specifically, the ring auxiliary rod 110 is mounted so as to extend from the outer peripheral side surface 100s in the z-axis + direction, and the ring auxiliary rod 120 is mounted so as to extend from the outer peripheral side surface 100s in the y-axis − direction. The auxiliary rod 130 is mounted so as to extend in the z-axis − direction from the outer peripheral side surface 100s. For example, as shown in the figure, in the ring auxiliary rod 120, the screw portion 120b provided at the tip of the ring auxiliary rod 120 is inserted into the screw hole 100h provided on the outer peripheral side surface 100s and screwed to form the ring auxiliary rod 120. Stand up and fix. The ring auxiliary rods 110 and 130 are also fixed in the same manner as the ring auxiliary rod 120.

Three pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, and 230 are mounted on the outer peripheral side surface 200s of the pinion gear 200 so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the input rotation axis Ap, respectively. Specifically, the pinion auxiliary rod 210 is mounted so as to extend in the z-axis + direction from the outer peripheral side surface 200s, and the pinion auxiliary rod 220 is mounted so as to extend in the x-axis + direction from the outer peripheral side surface 200s. The auxiliary rod 230 is mounted so as to extend in the z-axis − direction from the outer peripheral side surface 200s. The pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, and 230 are also fixed to the outer peripheral side surface 200s by the same structure as the ring auxiliary rod 120.

The ring auxiliary rods 110, 120, and 130 are made of a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the ring gear 100. For example, when the ring gear 100 is made of iron, the ring auxiliary rods 110, 120, and 130 are made of an alloy of iron and nickel, or an alloy of iron, nickel, and cobalt. Similarly, the pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, and 230 are made of a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the pinion gear 200. For example, when the pinion gear 200 is made of iron, the pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, and 230 are made of an alloy of iron and nickel, or an alloy of iron, nickel, and cobalt. In particular, it is preferable to select a material in which the expansion length of each auxiliary rod in the extension direction with respect to a temperature change is less than 10% of the assumed error amount that may occur as a misalignment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of measurement performed on the gear box 300 housed in the constant temperature bath 400. The gear box 300 supports and accommodates the ring gear 100 and the pinion gear 200 in an aligned state in which they are meshed with each other. The surface of the housing of the gear box 300 is provided with a box hole 310 that penetrates the tips of the ring auxiliary rods 110, 120, 130 and the pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, 230 and exposes them to the outside.

Reflection blocks 110a, 120a, 130a for reflecting the laser beam are formed on the respective tips of the ring auxiliary rods 110, 120, and 130 exposed from the box hole 310. Similarly, the tips of the pinion auxiliary rods 210, 220, and 230 exposed from the box hole 310 are formed with reflection blocks 210a, 220a, and 230a for reflecting the laser beam. It is preferable that each reflection block is flattened in order to specularly reflect the laser beam.

The constant temperature bath 400 can be kept at a set temperature inside by the heater 440 installed inside. The entire gear box 300, including each reflective block exposed from the box hole 310, is installed inside the constant temperature bath 400.

The constant temperature bath 400 is provided with a tank window 410 as a measurement window at each position corresponding to each reflection block. The tank window 410 is formed of a transparent plate that transmits laser light. A laser rangefinder 431 to 439 is installed outside the constant temperature bath 400 corresponding to each tank window 410.

The laser range finder 431 projects the laser light La in the x-axis + direction toward the reflection block 110a, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 432 projects the laser beam Lb toward the reflection block 120a in the x-axis + direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 433 projects the laser beam Ld toward the reflection block 130a in the x-axis + direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 434 projects the laser beam Lf toward the reflection block 110a in the z-axis − direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser range finder 435 projects the laser light Lg toward the reflection block 210a in the y-axis + direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 436 projects the laser beam Lh toward the reflection block 220a in the y-axis + direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 437 projects the laser light Li in the y-axis + direction toward the reflection block 230a, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 438 projects the laser beam Lj in the z-axis − direction toward the reflection block 210a, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal. The laser rangefinder 439 projects a laser beam Lk toward the reflection block 220a in the x-axis-direction, receives the reflected light, and outputs a distance signal.

The measurer sets the constant temperature bath 400 to the first set temperature, and when the constant temperature bath 400 stabilizes at the first set temperature, measures the distance to the target reflection block with each laser range finder. Next, the constant temperature bath 400 is set to the second set temperature, and when the constant temperature bath 400 stabilizes at the second set temperature, the distance to the target reflection block is measured again by each laser range finder.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship of the hypoid gear 10 at the first set temperature. The upper figure shows the observation of the ring gear 100 and the pinion gear 200 from the z-axis + direction, the middle figure from the y-axis − direction, and the lower figure from the x-axis + direction.

As shown in the figure, the measurement results of the separation distance G in the x-axis direction, the separation distance P in the y-axis direction, and the separation distance E in the z-axis direction measured at the first set temperature are referred to as G ₁ , P ₁ , and E ₁ . Represents. Further, since the installation position of each laser distance meter is fixed, the separation distance between the laser light La and Ld and the laser light Lb in the y-axis direction L ₁ and the separation distance between the laser light La and the laser light Ld in the z-axis direction. L _2, the distance _{D 1} of the x-axis direction of the laser beam Lg, Li and the laser beam Lh, the distance _{D 2} of the z-axis direction of the laser beam Lg and the laser beam Li is known. By using the results of these values and each of the detection, it is possible to calculate the angular R ₁ formed by the output rotary shaft Ar and the input rotary shaft Ap in the first set temperature.

In this case, since the reflection block that projects the laser beam exists at the position extended in the radial direction with respect to each gear, it is extended except for the measurement by the laser beam Lf, Lj, and Lk projected from the radial direction. Misalignment is amplified and measured according to the distance. That is, even if the misalignment is minute, G ₁ , P ₁ , E _{1, and} R ₁ can be detected with high accuracy.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship of the hypoid gear 10 at the second set temperature. Similar to FIG. 4, the upper figure shows the observation of the ring gear 100 and the pinion gear 200 from the z-axis + direction, the middle figure from the y-axis − direction, and the lower figure from the x-axis + direction.

_{Let G 2} , P ₂ , and E ₂ be the measurement results of the separation distance G in the x-axis direction, the separation distance P in the y-axis direction, and the separation distance E in the z-axis direction measured at the second set temperature. Further, it is possible to calculate in the same manner as in FIG. 4, the corner R ₂ formed by the rotary input shaft Ap and the output rotary shaft Ar in the second set temperature.

If G ₁ , P ₁ , E _1, R ₁ at the first set temperature and G ₂ , P ₂ , E _2, R ₂ at the second set temperature can be detected, the change in misalignment with respect to the temperature change can be evaluated. Specifically, the changes in the angle R formed by the separation distance G in the x-axis direction, the separation distance P in the y-axis direction, the separation distance E in the z-axis direction, and the input rotation axis Ap and the output rotation axis Ar are ΔG and ΔP, respectively. , ΔE, ΔR, then ΔG = G _2- G ₁ , ΔP = P _2- P ₁ , ΔE = E _2- E ₁ , ΔR = R _2- R _1, and thus calculated ΔG, ΔP. , ΔE, ΔR may be substituted into a predetermined evaluation formula to calculate the evaluation value.

Although the embodiment has been described above by taking the hypoid gear 10 as an example, a gear other than the hypoid gear may be used. In particular, if the gear has an outer peripheral side surface on which the tooth surface is not formed, it is easy to erect the auxiliary rod. Further, the fixing of the auxiliary rod is not limited to screwing, and other methods such as an adhesive may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, a rod-shaped auxiliary rod is used as the auxiliary material, but if the auxiliary rod is extended in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the gear in order to amplify the misalignment, the rod-shaped auxiliary rod is not used. Is also good. It may be prismatic or flat.

10 hypoid gear, 100 ring gear, 100a shaft, 100g gear part, 100h screw hole, 100s outer peripheral side surface, 110, 120, 130 ring auxiliary rod, 110a, 120a, 130a reflective block, 120b thread part, 200 pinion gear, 200a shaft, 200g gear Part, 200s outer peripheral side surface, 210, 220, 230 pinion auxiliary rod, 210a, 220a, 230a reflection block, 300 gear box, 310 box hole, 400 constant temperature bath, 410 tank window, 431-439 laser rangefinder, 440 heater

Claims (1)

It is an evaluation method for evaluating the temperature change of the misalignment of the first gear and the second gear that mesh with each other.
The first gear and the first gear, in which a first auxiliary material made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient smaller than that of the material of the first gear is mounted so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the first gear. The second auxiliary material made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient smaller than that of the material of the second gear is attached to the second gear so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the second gear. The installation process of installing in a constant temperature bath in the meshed alignment state,
A first measurement step in which the constant temperature bath is set to a first set temperature and the distances from the outside of the constant temperature bath to the first auxiliary material and the second auxiliary material are measured through the measurement window of the constant temperature bath.
A second measurement step in which the constant temperature bath is set to a second set temperature and the distances to the first auxiliary material and the second auxiliary material are measured in the same manner as in the first measurement step.
An evaluation method including a calculation step of substituting the measurement result of the first measurement step and the measurement result of the second measurement step into a predetermined evaluation formula to calculate an evaluation value.

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