JP6972874B2 - Face evaluation device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a face evaluation device for evaluating the stability of the face surface in mountain tunnel construction.

In mountain tunnel construction, a geological evaluation method has been proposed to evaluate the geological distribution in front of the face by detecting the drilling position of each of the multiple holes drilled in the face and the machine data at the time of drilling (machine data at the time of drilling). For example, see Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, the drilling speed, striking energy, number of striking times, etc. of the hydraulic drill obtained at the time of drilling the charge hole into which the explosive is embedded are detected as the machine data at the time of drilling.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-57708

However, in the prior art, the detection timing of the machine data at the time of drilling is the time of drilling the charge hole. Therefore, the work of carrying out the scraps scattered in the previous blasting and the work of building the support work will be performed in front of the newly exposed face surface whose stability has not been evaluated. That is, in the blasting method, the work of drilling the charge hole, the work of loading the explosive into the charge hole, the blasting work of detonating the explosive, the work of carrying out the scrap, and the work of building the support work are repeated. Therefore, the work of carrying out the scraps and the work of building up the support work will be performed with the new face surface exposed by the blasting work.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a face evaluation device capable of promptly evaluating the stability of the face surface newly exposed in blasting work.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a face evaluation device that evaluates a face during a floating rock dropping operation by a breaker, a hit timing detection unit that detects the hit timing by the breaker, and a plurality of measurement areas for the face. A striking area specifying unit that specifies the measurement area hit by the breaker at the striking timing as a striking region, and an evaluation data collecting unit that collects information on the striking by the breaker at the striking timing as evaluation data. Based on the compression strength of the storage unit that stores the evaluation data collected by the evaluation data collection unit in association with the impact region and the measurement region estimated by analysis of the evaluation data stored in the storage unit. It is characterized by including an evaluation data analysis unit that generates a stability evaluation screen that notifies the measurement area having low stability as a caution area, and a display unit that displays the stability evaluation screen.
Further, the face evaluation device of the present invention may be provided with a microphone for collecting sound, and the evaluation data collecting unit may collect the hitting sound by the breaker collected by the microphone as information regarding the hitting by the breaker. ..
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the striking timing detection unit may detect the striking timing when the loudness of the sound collected by the microphone exceeds a preset value.
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the evaluation data analysis unit may evaluate the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the pitch of the striking sound.
Further, the face evaluation device of the present invention includes a sensor that detects the impact applied to the breaker as the impact repulsive force or the repulsive velocity, and the evaluation data collecting unit provides the impact repulsive force or the impact as information on the impact by the breaker. You may collect the repulsion speed.
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the impact timing detection unit may detect the impact timing when the value detected by the sensor exceeds a preset value.
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the evaluation data analysis unit evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the strength of the impact repulsive force or the slowness of the repulsion speed. You may.
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the evaluation data collecting unit may collect the number of hits to the hit area as information on the hit by the breaker.
Further, in the face evaluation device of the present invention, the evaluation data analysis unit may evaluate the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the number of hits.
Further, the face evaluation device of the present invention may include a camera for photographing the face, and the striking region specifying unit may specify the striking region based on an image captured by the camera.

According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly evaluate the stability of the face surface newly exposed in the blasting work during the floating stone dropping work prior to the carrying-out work of the scraping work and the building work of the support work. ..

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of 1st Embodiment of the face evaluation apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the plurality of measurement areas set in the face by the impact area specifying part shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the evaluation data stored in the storage part shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the stability evaluation screen example generated by the evaluation data analysis part shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the estimation operation of the compressive strength by the evaluation data analysis part shown in FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the operation of the face evaluation apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the face evaluation device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the mountain tunnel, the pumice removal work (ataritori, kosoku), which is the shaping work of the face after the blasting work, is performed. Most of the floating stone dropping work is performed by a breaker attached to the tip of the arm of a working machine such as a power shovel, and the floating stone is dropped by hitting.

Therefore, the face evaluation device 1 of the present embodiment evaluates the stability based on the information that can be collected at the time of the floating stone dropping work using the breaker. Referring to FIG. 1, the face evaluation device 1 includes a camera 10 for photographing a face, a microphone 20 for collecting sound in a tunnel, an acceleration sensor 30 attached to a breaker, and an information processing device 40. ..

The cameras 10 are both installed at a position where the entire face can be photographed (for example, a position 10 to 20 m away from the face). As the camera 10, for example, a digital camera such as a CMOS camera using a CMOS image sensor can be used. The camera 10 may be attached to a working machine, or may be installed at the top of a tunnel or a support work, and may be replaced as the face moves.

The microphone 20 uses, for example, an omnidirectional microphone to collect the striking sound when the face is striked by the breaker.

The acceleration sensor 30 detects the impact applied to the breaker as a striking repulsive force (or repulsive velocity).

The information processing device 40 operates under the control of a program such as a personal computer. Referring to FIG. 1, the information processing apparatus 40 includes a control unit 50, a storage unit 60 which is a storage means such as a semiconductor memory, and an operation unit 70 such as a tablet which functions as a display unit and an input unit.

The control unit 50 is an information processing unit such as a microcomputer equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like. A control program for controlling the operation of the information processing apparatus 40 is stored in the ROM. The control unit 50 reads out the control program stored in the ROM and expands the control program in the RAM to serve as the impact timing detection unit 51, the impact area specifying unit 52, the evaluation data collection unit 53, and the evaluation data analysis unit 54. Function.

The striking timing detection unit 51 detects the striking timing by the breaker based on either or both of the striking sound of the breaker collected by the microphone 20 and the striking repulsive force (or repulsive speed) detected by the acceleration sensor 30. do. If it is possible to connect to the breaker or a working machine having the breaker attached to the tip of the arm by wire or wirelessly, the hitting instruction to the breaker may be set to the hit timing.

When the hitting timing is detected by the hitting sound of the breaker collected by the microphone 20, the hitting timing detection unit 51 hits the hitting timing when the loudness (amplitude) of the sound collected by the microphone 20 exceeds a preset value. Is detected.

When the impact timing is detected by the impact repulsion force (or repulsion speed) detected by the acceleration sensor 30, the impact timing detection unit 51 sets the breaker when the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 30 exceeds a preset value. The striking timing is detected by recognizing it as the striking repulsive force (or repulsive velocity) acting.

The striking area specifying unit 52 recognizes the face in the image captured by the camera 10 and divides the face into a plurality of measurement areas having a set size as shown in FIG. The face recognition and division may be set by input from the operation unit 70. In the example shown in FIG. 2, an example of a measurement region in which the width direction is divided into A to P and the height direction is divided into 1 to 9 is shown.

Further, the striking area specifying unit 52 has a function of tracking the position of the breaker tip in the captured image by a method such as feature point tracking, and the measurement that the breaker tip is positioned at the striking timing detected by the striking timing detecting unit 51. Specify the area as the striking area.

The evaluation data collecting unit 53 associates the hitting timing detected by the hitting timing detecting unit 51 with the hitting area specified by the hitting area specifying unit 52, and detects the hitting sound collected by the microphone 20 and the acceleration sensor 30. The impact repulsive force (or repulsive speed) to be applied is stored in the storage unit 60 as evaluation data 61.

In the present embodiment, as the evaluation data 61, as shown in FIG. 3, the hitting sound, the hitting repulsive force, and the number of hits are stored in association with the hitting area.

The evaluation data collection unit 53 samples the striking sound collected by the microphone 20 in a predetermined period preset from the striking timing at a preset sampling frequency, obtains a frequency spectrum by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), and obtains the most. The frequency with a large relative sound pressure is stored as the striking sound of the evaluation data 61.

Further, the evaluation data collecting unit 53 stores the maximum value of the output value of the acceleration sensor 30 in a predetermined period preset from the impact timing as the impact repulsive force of the evaluation data 61.

Further, the evaluation data collecting unit 53 increments the number of hits in the hit area specified for each hit timing. The hitting sound and the hitting repulsive force are stored for each hitting timing. Therefore, in each measurement area of the evaluation data 61, the same number of hitting sounds and hitting repulsive forces as the number of hits are stored.

The evaluation data analysis unit 54 evaluates the stability of each measurement area by analyzing the evaluation data 61 stored in the storage unit 60. Then, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 generates a stability evaluation screen 80 that notifies the measurement area with low stability as a caution area and displays it on the operation unit 70.

As shown in FIG. 4, the stability evaluation screen 80 uses only the stability evaluation FIG. 81 for plotting and notifying the measurement area with low stability as the area requiring attention and the striking sound of the evaluation data 61. The impact sound evaluation button 82 that instructs the evaluation data analysis unit 54 to evaluate the data, the impact repulsion evaluation button 83 that instructs the evaluation data analysis unit 54 to evaluate using only the impact repulsion force of the evaluation data 61, and the evaluation data 61. Evaluation data analysis of the hit count evaluation button 84 that instructs the evaluation data analysis unit 54 to evaluate using only the hit count, and the preset evaluation using the hit sound, hit repulsion force, and hit count of the evaluation data 61. The comprehensive evaluation button 85 instructed to the unit 54 is laid out.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the compressive strength of the measurement region tends to be stronger as the striking sound is higher (higher frequency) and weaker as the striking sound is lower (lower frequency). Therefore, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 can estimate the compressive strength of each measurement region by using the hitting sound of the evaluation data 61. When a plurality of hitting sounds are recorded as in the measurement areas E-3 and L-3 of FIG. 3, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 uses the average value of the hitting sounds for estimating the compressive strength.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the compressive strength in the measurement region tends to be stronger as the impact repulsive force is stronger (the larger the output value) and weaker as the impact repulsive force is weaker (the smaller the output value). be. Therefore, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 can estimate the compressive strength of each measurement region by using the impact repulsive force of the evaluation data 61. The compressive strength in the measurement region tends to be stronger as the repulsion speed is stronger (the larger the output value) and weaker as the repulsion speed is slower (the smaller the output value). Therefore, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 can also estimate the compressive strength of each measurement region by using the repulsion speed of the evaluation data 61. Further, when a plurality of impact repulsive forces or repulsive velocities are recorded as in the measurement areas E-5 and L-3 of FIG. 3, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 determines the impact repulsive force or repulsion in estimating the compressive strength. Use the average speed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the compressive strength of the measurement region tends to be stronger as the number of hits is larger and weaker as the number of hits is smaller. Therefore, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 can estimate the compressive strength of each measurement region by using the number of hits of the evaluation data 61.

In the present embodiment, the evaluation using the hitting sound, the hitting repulsive force, and the number of hits is preset. The evaluation data analysis unit 54 uses the compressive strength estimated by using the striking sound, the compressive strength estimated by using the striking repulsive force, and the compressive strength estimated by using the number of striking times for the compressive strength of each measurement region. (For example, calculate the average). Then, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 compares the calculated compressive strength of each measurement region with the preset threshold strength value, and the calculated compressive strength and the measurement region having less than the threshold strength value have low stability. It is specified as a region requiring attention, and the identified region requiring attention is notified by the stability evaluation FIG. 81 of the stability evaluation screen 80. The evaluation data analysis unit 54 classifies the area requiring attention into a plurality of stability levels according to the difference from the threshold intensity value, and distinguishes the classified stability levels by color shade, pattern density, and the like for stability. It is displayed in the sex evaluation diagram 81.

As the threshold strength value, a value obtained by averaging the calculated compressive strengths of each measurement region can also be used. In this case, it becomes possible to relatively grasp the variation in the compressive strength in the face.

The evaluation data analysis unit 54 calculates the compressive strength of each measurement region by using one or more of the striking sound, the striking repulsive force and the number of striking, instead of using all of the striking sound, the striking repulsive force and the number of striking. You may try to do it. In the stability evaluation screen 80, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 uses only the hitting sound when the operation of the hitting sound evaluation button 82 is received, and uses only the hitting repulsive force when the hitting repulsive force evaluation button 83 is received. When the operation of the hit count evaluation button 84 is accepted, the compression strength of each measurement region is calculated using only the hit count. This makes it possible to switch the evaluation criteria and evaluate the stability of each measurement area.

Next, the operation of the face evaluation device 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The control unit 50 of the information processing apparatus 40 functions as the impact timing detection unit 51 when the face newly exposed by the blasting operation is instructed by the input to the operation unit 70 for stability evaluation.

The striking timing detection unit 51 sets the variable n to 0 (step S101), and either the striking sound of the breaker collected by the microphone 20 or the striking repulsive force (or repulsive speed) detected by the acceleration sensor 30. Or, based on both, the hit timing by the breaker is detected (step S102).

When the striking timing is detected in step S102, the control unit 50 functions as the striking area specifying unit 52, and specifies the measurement area where the breaker tip is located at the striking timing as the striking region (step S103). Further, the control unit 50 functions as an evaluation data collection unit 53, and outputs a striking sound collected by the microphone 20 in a predetermined period preset from the striking timing and an output of the acceleration sensor 30 in a predetermined period preset from the striking timing. The maximum value of the value is collected and stored in the storage unit 60 as evaluation data 61 (step S104).

Further, the control unit 50 functions as a hit timing detection unit 51, and after incrementing the variable n (step S105), determines whether or not the variable n has reached the preset threshold number N (step S106).

If the variable n has not reached the threshold number N in step S106, the hit timing detection unit 51 returns to step S102 to detect the hit timing by the breaker.

When the variable n reaches the threshold number N in step S106, the control unit 50 functions as the evaluation data analysis unit 54 and analyzes the evaluation data 61 stored in the storage unit 60 to stabilize each measurement area. (Step S107).

Then, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 generates a stability evaluation screen 80 for notifying the measurement area having low stability as a caution area (step S108), and displays it on the generated operation unit 70 (step S109). Return to step S101.

By repeating the above processing, the evaluation data 61 is updated and recorded every time the hitting timing is detected, and the stability evaluation screen 80 is updated every time the hitting timing of the threshold number N is detected. Will be generated.

In the present embodiment, the stability evaluation screen 80 is configured to be updated every time the hit timing of the threshold number N is detected, but the update timing of the stability evaluation screen 80 is, for example, the elapsed time or the hit. It may be the timing when the area is moved,

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the face evaluation device 1 that evaluates the face during the floating rock dropping operation by the breaker, the hit timing detecting unit 51 that detects the hit timing by the breaker, and a plurality of faces. A striking area specifying unit 52 that is divided into measurement areas and specifies the measurement area hit by the breaker at the striking timing as the striking area, and an evaluation data collecting unit 53 that collects information on the striking by the breaker at the striking timing as evaluation data. The storage unit 60 that stores the evaluation data collected by the evaluation data collection unit 53 in association with the impact area, and the evaluation data stored in the storage unit 60 are analyzed and the measurement area with low stability is notified as the area requiring attention. It includes an evaluation data analysis unit 54 that generates a stability evaluation screen 80, and a display unit 70 that displays the stability evaluation screen 80.
With this configuration, the stability of the face newly exposed in the blasting work can be promptly evaluated during the pumice removal work prior to the work of carrying out the scraps and the work of building the support work.

In the pumice dropping work, on-site staff are often not present, and in most cases, the work is done by two people, a worker who checks the state of the pumice and informs the breaker operator (work chief of excavation of tunnels, etc.) and a breaker operator. Become. And, the information obtained in the floating rock removal work is, for example, "This is hard and can not be broken unless you hit a lot, or it is brittle and can be broken by just hitting a little", "The hitting sound is high or dull", "At the time of hitting" , The repulsion from the bedrock is strong, or the repulsion is weak. ”This is empirical and qualitative information that takes into account the subjectivity of the workers. Therefore, it was difficult to correctly convey information from the workers to the on-site staff.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the information (striking area, number of striking times, striking sound, striking repulsive force or repulsive speed) obtained in the floating stone dropping operation is quantitatively stored as evaluation data 61, and based on the evaluation data 61. We are evaluating the stability of the face. Therefore, it is possible to objectively evaluate the stability of the face, and taking appropriate measures can lead to the prevention of face disasters. For example, if it can be determined that the ground is very fragile, it is possible to take measures such as thickening the sprayed concrete, increasing the number of mirror bolts, and strengthening the face monitoring in the measurement area.

Further, in the present embodiment, a microphone 20 for collecting sound is provided, and the evaluation data collecting unit 53 collects the hitting sound by the breaker collected by the microphone 20 as information regarding the hitting by the breaker.
With this configuration, the stability of the face can be easily evaluated by the striking sound collected by the microphone 20.

Further, in the present embodiment, the impact timing detection unit 51 determines that the loudness of the sound collected by the microphone 20 exceeds a preset value.
With this configuration, the face evaluation device 1 can independently detect the striking timing simply by providing the microphone 20 without collecting the striking timing from the breaker.

Further, in the present embodiment, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the pitch of the striking sound.
With this configuration, the compressive strength of the face can be estimated based on the pitch of the striking sound, and the stability of the measurement region can be evaluated by the estimated compressive strength.

Further, in the present embodiment, the acceleration sensor 30 for detecting the impact applied to the breaker as the impact repulsive force or the repulsive speed is provided, and the evaluation data collecting unit 53 collects the impact repulsive force or the repulsive speed as information regarding the impact by the breaker. ..
With this configuration, the stability of the face can be easily evaluated by the impact repulsive force or the repulsive velocity detected by the acceleration sensor 30.

Further, in the present embodiment, the impact timing detection unit 51 detects the impact timing when the value detected by the acceleration sensor 30 exceeds a preset value.
With this configuration, the face evaluation device 1 can independently detect the striking timing simply by providing the acceleration sensor 30 without collecting the striking timing from the breaker.

Further, in the present embodiment, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the strength of the impact repulsive force or the slow repulsion speed.
With this configuration, the compressive strength of the face can be estimated based on the strength of the impact repulsive force or the slow speed of the repulsive velocity, and the stability of the measurement region can be evaluated by the estimated compressive strength.

Further, in the present embodiment, the evaluation data collecting unit 53 collects the number of hits to the hit area as information on the hit by the breaker.
With this configuration, the stability of the face can be easily evaluated by the number of hits in each measurement area.

Further, in the present embodiment, the evaluation data analysis unit 54 evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the number of hits.
With this configuration, the compressive strength of the face can be estimated based on the number of hits, and the stability of the measurement region can be evaluated by the estimated compressive strength.

Further, in the present embodiment, the camera 10 for photographing the face is provided, and the striking area specifying unit 52 identifies the striking area based on the image captured by the camera 10.
With this configuration, it is possible to easily identify the striking area where the tip of the breaker is located without collecting the posture of the arm from the breaker.

The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. This embodiment is an example, and it is understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible in the combination of each of these components, and that such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention.

1 Face evaluation device 10 Camera 20 Mike 30 Accelerometer 40 Information processing device 50 Control unit 51 Strike timing detection unit 52 Strike area identification unit 53 Evaluation data collection unit 54 Evaluation data analysis unit 60 Storage unit 70 Operation unit 80 Stability evaluation screen

Claims (10)

It is a face evaluation device that evaluates the face during the work of removing floating stones with a breaker.
The hitting timing detection unit that detects the hitting timing by the breaker,
A striking area specifying portion that divides the face into a plurality of measurement regions and specifies the measurement region striking by the breaker at the striking timing as a striking region.
An evaluation data collection unit that collects information on the impact of the breaker as evaluation data at the impact timing,
A storage unit that stores the evaluation data collected by the evaluation data collection unit in association with the impact area, and a storage unit.
An evaluation data analysis unit that generates a stability evaluation screen that notifies the measurement area, which has low stability based on the compressive strength of the measurement area estimated by analysis of the evaluation data stored in the storage unit, as a region requiring attention. When,
A face evaluation device including a display unit for displaying the stability evaluation screen. Equipped with a microphone to collect sound,
The face evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation data collecting unit collects the hitting sound of the breaker collected by the microphone as information regarding the hitting by the breaker. The face evaluation device according to claim 2, wherein the batting timing detecting unit detects the batting timing when the loudness of the sound collected by the microphone exceeds a preset value. The face evaluation device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the evaluation data analysis unit evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the pitch of the striking sound. It is equipped with a sensor that detects the impact applied to the breaker as the impact repulsive force or repulsive speed.
The face evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the evaluation data collecting unit collects the impact repulsive force or the repulsive speed as information regarding the impact by the breaker. The face evaluation device according to claim 5, wherein the hitting timing detecting unit detects the hitting timing when the value detected by the sensor exceeds a preset value. The evaluation data analysis unit according to claim 5, characterized in that to evaluate the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the intensity or slow the rebound velocity of the percussion repulsion or The face evaluation device according to 6. The face evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the evaluation data collecting unit collects the number of hits to the hitting region as information on hitting by the breaker. The face evaluation device according to claim 8, wherein the evaluation data analysis unit evaluates the stability of the measurement region based on the compressive strength of the measurement region estimated by the number of hits. Equipped with a camera to shoot the face,
The face evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the striking region specifying unit identifies the striking region based on an image captured by the camera.

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