JP6680674B2 - 多層ポリマーシートおよびそれから製造される軽量ラミネート - Google Patents
多層ポリマーシートおよびそれから製造される軽量ラミネート Download PDFInfo
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- JP6680674B2 JP6680674B2 JP2016529825A JP2016529825A JP6680674B2 JP 6680674 B2 JP6680674 B2 JP 6680674B2 JP 2016529825 A JP2016529825 A JP 2016529825A JP 2016529825 A JP2016529825 A JP 2016529825A JP 6680674 B2 JP6680674 B2 JP 6680674B2
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Landscapes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
製造方法
押出し成形プロセス
2つの押出機、多層フィードブロック、および1200mm単一マニホールドコートハンガーシートダイを使用して、同時押出し成形することによって、三層ポリマーシートを製造した。ダイギャップの設定を約1mmに調節した。約200℃で作動する50mm一軸スクリュー押出機を使用して、コア材料を押出成形した。約200℃で作動する65mm一軸スクリュー押出機を使用して、外部層を押出成形した。目的のシート構造に対して、押出機の押出量を調節した。外部層押出機の押出量約100kg/時と共にコア層押出量約50kg/時を用いて、その目的構造が1/1/1の層比である物品を製造した。両方のポリマーストリームをフィードブロックおよびダイアセンブリに供給した。外部層ポリマーストリームが、フィードブロックにおいて分割され、所定の位置で操作されて、三層シートが製造された。ダイを通してシート材を押出し、チルドロールを使用して冷却し、約3m/分の一定速度で巻き取った。
ラミネートにおける層が所望の順序で積み重ねられたプレラミネートアセンブリを、真空バッグ内に入れ、密閉した。チューブおよび継手をバッグアセンブリ内に装入し、袋状のラミネートアセンブリ内から真空ポンプによって空気を除去した。袋状のアセンブリ内の絶対圧力を70ミリバール未満に低減し、オートクレーブに入れる前に予備プレスアセンブリの層間に含まれる空気の大部分を除去した。プレラミネートアセンブリを空気オートクレーブ内で圧力200psig(14.3バール)にて135℃で30分加熱した。次いで、さらにガスを添加することなく、空気を冷却し、その結果オートクレーブ内の圧力は低下した。冷却して20分後、空気温度が約50℃未満である時に、余分な圧力をベントし、袋状のラミネートアセンブリをオートクレーブから取り出した。次いで、予め密閉された真空バッグから、オートクレーブ処理されたラミネートを注意深く取り出した。
有効厚さ
500mmサポートスパンに対する曲げにおけるラミネートの有効厚さ、teffを以下の手順に従って決定した:
1.負荷(P)の測定−4点曲げ試験を用いた曲げ(δ)挙動−100mmスパン(L1)でサポートされ、50mmスパン(L2)で荷重された、変更された試料サイズ150mm×20mmでのASTM C158
2.等式1
teff(100)=[PL3(3L1 2−4L3 2)/(4δEb)]1/3 (1)
(式中、Eは、ガラスヤング率(=71.6GPa)であり、bは、試料幅(=20mm)であり、L3=(L1−L2)/2(=25mm)である)
を用いた曲げ試験測定からの、この100mmサポートスパンに対するラミネート有効厚さ、teff(100)の計算
3.ASTM E1300−9(X11)において指定されるWoelfel理論を用いて、工程1および2からの結果を入れ替えることにより、500mmサポートスパンに対する有効厚さを計算。
ISO16940(2008)に準拠して測定されるインピーダンス値(透過損失)が利用される、ASTM E413−10に準拠して、音響透過クラス(STC)を測定し、計算した。
上記の標準貼合せ手順に従って、実施例1〜13と番号付けされた13枚のラミネートを製造した。テリオノマー(ポリマーA)またはイオノマー(ポリマーC)の外部層とEVA(ポリマーB)の内部層とを有する三層中間層シートを製造した。さらに具体的には、ポリマーCはジポリマーの中和生成物である。
標準300mmビームではなく150mmビームを使用して、実施例1〜13および比較例Aの音響透過クラスを上述のように測定した。表1のデータから、ラミネートのSTCは一枚板ガラス(比較例A)よりも高いことが実証されている。優れた音響減衰特性(acoustic damping property)を示すことから、この文脈においてSTC値が高いほど好ましい。
実施例1〜13および比較例Aの有効厚さを上述のように決定した。表1の結果から、ラミネートの有効厚さが比較例Aとおよそ同じであることが実証されている。これらの結果は、そのラミネートが一枚板ガラスとほぼ同じ曲げ強さを有することを示す。
ラミネート構造を計量し、次いでラミネートの全体的な寸法を測定し、面密度(面密度=質量/面積)をコンピュータ処理することによって、面密度、材料の単位面積当たりの重量の測定値を計算した。これらの値を表1に報告する。
本発明は以下の実施の態様を含むものである。
1. 多層ポリマーシートおよび少なくとも1つの更なる層を含むラミネートであって;
前記多層ポリマーシートが2つの外部層および1つの内部層を含み、前記2つの外部層が前記内部層のいずれかの側に位置付けられ;
前記内部層が、エチレン酢酸ビニル組成物を含み;かつ
前記2つの外部層が同一または異なり、かつイオノマー組成物を含み;前記イオノマー組成物がイオノマーを含み;前記イオノマーは酸コポリマーの中和の生成物であり;
前記酸コポリマーは、α−オレフィンから誘導される共重合反復単位、炭素原子3〜8個を有する第1α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸から誘導される共重合反復単位約0.1〜約30重量%、任意に第2α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸のエステルから誘導される共重合反復単位約2〜約25重量%を含み、前記エステルが炭素原子4〜12個を有し;かつ前記第1および前記第2α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸が同一または異なり;
前記重量パーセンテージは前記酸コポリマーの全重量に対するものであり、かつ前記酸コポリマーにおける共重合残基の重量パーセンテージの合計は100重量%であり;かつ前記酸コポリマーにおける前記カルボン酸基の約5〜約100%が、金属カチオンを含有する1種または複数種の塩基で中和され;
前記ラミネートが、ASTM E314によって測定される、25を超える音響透過クラスを有し;または前記ラミネートが、ASTM C158によって測定される、約3.0〜約5.0mmの曲げによる有効な剛性を有する、ラミネート。
2. 前記外部層が、約0.1mm〜約1.5mmの厚さを有し;
前記内部層が、約0.1mm〜約1.5mmの厚さを有し;かつ
前記多層ポリマーシートの総厚が約0.3mm〜約2.0mmである、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
3. 「外部層/内部層/外部層」の順で示される、前記多層ポリマーシートの層の厚さの比が、1/1/1、2/5/2、および4/1/4からなる群から選択される、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
4. 前記エチレン酢酸ビニル組成物が、ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)ポリマーを含み、かつ前記ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)ポリマーが、前記ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)ポリマーの全重量に対して、酢酸ビニルから誘導される共重合反復単位を少なくとも約25重量%含む、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
5. 前記ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)ポリマーが、酢酸ビニルから誘導される共重合反復単位30〜50重量%を含み;または前記ポリ(エチレン−co−酢酸ビニル)ポリマーが、ASTM法No.D1238−13によって温度190℃にて重量2.16kgの下で測定される、架橋前のメルトフローインデックス約14g/10分および架橋後のメルトフローインデックス2g/10分以下を有する、前記4.に記載のラミネート。
6. 前記酸コポリマーが、エチレンから誘導される共重合反復単位、アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸から誘導される共重合反復単位約20〜約25重量%、およびアクリル酸またはメタクリル酸のアルキルエステルから誘導される共重合反復単位約7〜約15重量%を含む酸ターポリマーである、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
7. 前記酸コポリマーが、エチレンの共重合残基約70〜約79重量%、および前記第1α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸の共重合残基約21〜約30重量%を含む酸ジポリマーである、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
8. 前記酸コポリマーが、ASTM法No.D1238−13によって温度190℃にて重量2.16kg下にて測定される、メルトインデックス約100g/10分以下を有し;または前記イオノマーが、メルトフローインデックス約0.1〜約50g/10分を有する、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
9. 前記第1α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸におけるカルボン酸基の約15〜約35%が中和され;または前記酸コポリマーが、ナトリウムイオンを含有する塩基で中和されて、イオノマーが形成される、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
10. 前記エチレン酢酸ビニル組成物または前記イオノマー組成物は、着色剤、顔料、シランカップリング剤、熱安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、ヒンダードアミン光安定剤(HALS)、前記エチレン酢酸ビニル組成物または前記イオノマー組成物のメルトフローレートを低減する添加剤、可塑剤、加工助剤、流動向上添加剤、潤滑剤、染料、難燃剤、耐衝撃性改良剤、結晶化度を高める核剤、ブロッキング防止剤、紫外線安定剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、キレート剤、カップリング剤、接着剤およびプライマーからなる群から選択される1種または複数種の添加剤を含む、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
11. 約200nm未満の公称粒径を有するナノ粒子を含む透明顔料である前記顔料を含む、前記10.に記載のラミネート。
12. 前記少なくとも1つの更なる層がガラスの層である、前記1.に記載のラミネート。
13. ガラスの第2層をさらに含み、
前記多層ポリマーシートが、ガラスの前記2層の間に置かれ、ラミネートされて、前記ラミネートが形成される、前記12.に記載のラミネート。
14. ガラスの各層が約0.7mm〜約3.0mmの厚さを有し;かつ前記ラミネートの総厚が約1.5mm〜約7.5mmである、前記13.に記載のラミネート。
15. 前記ラミネートの面密度が、ガラス一枚板の面密度よりも低く、前記ガラス一枚板が、前記ラミネートの厚さとほぼ同じ厚さを有し;かつ前記ラミネートの曲げ剛性が、前記ガラス一枚板の曲げ剛性以上である、前記13.に記載のラミネート。
Claims (2)
- 多層ポリマーシートおよび少なくとも2つの更なるガラス層を含む、防音性安全ガラス用のラミネートであって;
前記多層ポリマーシートが2つの外部層および1つの内部層を含み、外部層/内部層/外部層の順になるように前記2つの外部層が前記内部層のいずれかの側に位置付けられ;
前記内部層が、エチレン酢酸ビニル組成物を含み;かつ
前記2つの外部層が同一または異なり、かつイオノマー組成物を含み;前記イオノマー組成物がイオノマーを含み;前記イオノマーは酸コポリマーの中和の生成物であり;
前記酸コポリマーは、α−オレフィンから誘導される共重合反復単位と、炭素原子3〜8個を有する第1α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸から誘導される共重合反復単位0.1〜30重量%とを含み;
前記重量%は前記酸コポリマーの全重量に対するものであり;かつ前記酸コポリマーにおける前記カルボン酸基の5〜100%が、金属カチオンを含有する1種または複数種の塩基で中和され;
前記多層ポリマーシートが前記更なるガラス層の2枚の間に置かれたものであり;
前記ラミネートが、ASTM E413−10によって測定される、25を超える音響透過クラスを有し;または前記ラミネートが、ASTM C158によって測定される、曲げにおける3.0〜5.0mmの有効厚さを有する、ラミネート。 - 前記酸コポリマーが、第2α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸のエステルから誘導される共重合反復単位を2〜25重量%含み、前記エステルが炭素原子4〜12個を有し、前記第1および前記第2α,β−エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸が同一または異なる、請求項1に記載のラミネート。
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PCT/US2014/047547 WO2015013242A1 (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | Multilayer polymeric sheets and light weight laminates produced therefrom |
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CN108966646A (zh) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-12-07 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 通过真空袋的高压釜处理 |
CN116675925A (zh) | 2017-07-31 | 2023-09-01 | 可乐丽美国股份有限公司 | 粘附特性增强的离聚物夹层 |
JP6998704B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-29 | 2022-02-10 | 株式会社クラレ | 透明樹脂積層体 |
JP7200525B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-01-10 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 保護フィルムおよびシート |
WO2020163296A1 (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-13 | Kuraray America, Inc. | Hurricane-resistant acoustic glazing |
EP4150024A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2023-03-22 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Interlayer and laminate with controlled debonding zone treatments for enhanced performance |
WO2022132417A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-23 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Laminated structures with adhesive polymeric interlayer comprising cohesive debonding zones for enhanced performance |
EP4437057A1 (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2024-10-02 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Interlayer and laminate with controlled debonding zone treatments |
WO2023249852A1 (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | TREANOR, Richard | Ionomer resin composition |
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US7297407B2 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2007-11-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Glass laminates for reduction of sound transmission |
CN105216387A (zh) * | 2004-12-07 | 2016-01-06 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 多层复合膜及由其制备的制品 |
WO2007047956A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Mixed ion ionomeric sheets and high strength laminates produced therefrom |
US20070122629A1 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-05-31 | Solutia, Inc. | Polymer interlayers comprising ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer |
US7445683B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2008-11-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thermoplastic resin compositions suitable for use in laminated safety glass |
US8101267B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2012-01-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multilayer polymeric laminates and high strength laminates produced therefrom |
US8772624B2 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2014-07-08 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Solar cell encapsulant layers with enhanced stability and adhesion |
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US20110272026A1 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2011-11-10 | Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd. | Multilayer sheet, encapsulant for solar cell element, and solar cell module |
US20100154867A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Mechanically reliable solar cell modules |
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