JP6680082B2 - ゴルフボール - Google Patents
ゴルフボール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6680082B2 JP6680082B2 JP2016108458A JP2016108458A JP6680082B2 JP 6680082 B2 JP6680082 B2 JP 6680082B2 JP 2016108458 A JP2016108458 A JP 2016108458A JP 2016108458 A JP2016108458 A JP 2016108458A JP 6680082 B2 JP6680082 B2 JP 6680082B2
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- Prior art keywords
- golf ball
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SSC1=CC=CC=C1 GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- RFCQDOVPMUSZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Naphthalenethiol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S)=CC=C21 RFCQDOVPMUSZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamothioylsulfanyl carbamodithioate Chemical class NC(=S)SSC(N)=S CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000005063 High cis polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- SEXOVMIIVBKGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S)=CC=CC2=C1 SEXOVMIIVBKGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006897 homolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical compound [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGXISKQYIKXYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-[(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)disulfanyl]benzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1SSC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br LGXISKQYIKXYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULKSDPXEXXZFQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromo-2-[(2,6-dibromophenyl)disulfanyl]benzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1SSC1=C(Br)C=CC=C1Br ULKSDPXEXXZFQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSMZVCLPPFOFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)disulfanyl]benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1SSC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl LSMZVCLPPFOFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LLMLGZUZTFMXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl LLMLGZUZTFMXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JARIALSGFXECCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trichlorobenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl JARIALSGFXECCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGBVJFREPSJSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichlorobenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FGBVJFREPSJSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHJYYYKHRSMJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromobenzenethiol Chemical group SC1=C(Br)C=CC=C1Br ZHJYYYKHRSMJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBISHCXLCGVPGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl JBISHCXLCGVPGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PALORHWWZVBSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-difluorobenzenethiol Chemical group FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1S PALORHWWZVBSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRBTZPXUKHVFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diiodobenzenethiol Chemical group SC1=C(I)C=CC=C1I GRBTZPXUKHVFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEVQKZCDRQCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)disulfanyl]-1,3-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1SSC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F WEVQKZCDRQCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXTXSOBIFGTATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)cyclohexyl]peroxypropan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 DXTXSOBIFGTATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007068 beta-elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfiram Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002023 dithiocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001057 purple pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006027 ternary co-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003566 thiocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002592 cumenyl group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)C(C)C 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibutylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CCCC)CCCC PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MELGLHXCBHKVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCC MELGLHXCBHKVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBNCDTLHQPLASV-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;5-methyl-2-[[5-(4-methyl-2-sulfonatoanilino)-9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl]amino]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC(NC=3C(=CC(C)=CC=3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C2=O FBNCDTLHQPLASV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005446 heptyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-O hexylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCC[NH3+] BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006303 iodophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002603 lanthanum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUQXQVVVMILANR-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;magnesium Chemical compound [Li+].[Mg+2] GUQXQVVVMILANR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LYWXAYIDOQIICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanethioic s-acid;naphthalene Chemical compound SC=O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LYWXAYIDOQIICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCC MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940032017 n-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PGURUAVURMJOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-carbodithioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=S)S)=CC=CC2=C1 PGURUAVURMJOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004998 naphthylethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002798 neodymium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BMQNWLUEXNQIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCC(O)=O BMQNWLUEXNQIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006611 nonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH3+] IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ortho-methoxybenzoic acid Natural products COC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006346 thermoplastic polyester elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O trioctylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH+](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
- A63B37/0023—Covers
- A63B37/0029—Physical properties
- A63B37/0031—Hardness
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
- A63B37/005—Cores
- A63B37/0051—Materials other than polybutadienes; Constructional details
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
- A63B37/005—Cores
- A63B37/006—Physical properties
- A63B37/0062—Hardness
- A63B37/0063—Hardness gradient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
- A63B37/007—Characteristics of the ball as a whole
- A63B37/0072—Characteristics of the ball as a whole with a specified number of layers
- A63B37/0074—Two piece balls, i.e. cover and core
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
前記球状コアは、(a)基材ゴム、(b)共架橋剤および(c)架橋開始剤を含有するコア用ゴム組成物から形成されている。
前記(a)基材ゴムとしては、天然ゴムおよび/または合成ゴムを使用することができ、例えば、ポリブタジエンゴム、天然ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、スチレンポリブタジエンゴム、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンゴム(EPDM)などを使用できる。これらは単独で用いても良いし、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、特に、反発に有利なシス−1,4−結合を、40質量%以上、好ましくは80質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上有するハイシスポリブタジエンが好適である。前記(a)基材ゴム中のハイシスポリブタジエンの含有量は、50質量%以上が好ましく、より好ましくは70質量%以上である。
前記(b)共架橋剤は、基材ゴム分子鎖にグラフト重合することによって、ゴム分子を架橋する作用を有する。前記(b)共架橋剤としては、炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸および/またはその金属塩が好ましい。前記(b)共架橋剤として使用されるα,β−不飽和カルボン酸の炭素数は、3〜8が好ましく、より好ましくは3〜6、さらに好ましくは3または4である。炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、クロトン酸等を挙げることができる。
前記(c)架橋開始剤は、式(1)で表されるパーオキシケタールを含有する。
前記(d)金属化合物としては、ゴム組成物中において(b)炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸を中和することができるものであれば、特に限定されない。前記(d)金属化合物としては、例えば、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化亜鉛、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化リチウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化銅などの金属水酸化物;酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化銅などの金属酸化物;炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸亜鉛、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸リチウム、炭酸カリウムなどの金属炭酸化物が挙げられる。(d)前記金属化合物として好ましいのは、二価金属化合物であり、より好ましくは亜鉛化合物である。二価金属化合物は、炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸と反応して、金属架橋を形成するからである。また、亜鉛化合物を用いることにより、反発性の高いゴルフボールが得られる。これらの(d)金属化合物は単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
(e)有機硫黄化合物としては、例えば、チオフェノール類、チオナフトール類、ポリスルフィド類、チウラム類、チオカルボン酸類、ジチオカルボン酸類、スルフェンアミド類、ジチオカルバミン酸塩類、チアゾール類などを挙げることができる。球状コアの硬度分布が大きくなるという観点から、(e)有機硫黄化合物としては、チオール基(−SH)を有する有機硫黄化合物、または、その金属塩が好ましく、チオフェノール類、チオナフトール類、または、これらの金属塩が好ましい。
前記コア用ゴム組成物は(f)カルボン酸および/またはその塩を含有してもよい。前記(f)カルボン酸および/またはその塩を含有することで、得られる球状コアの外剛内柔度合を大きくできる。前記(f)カルボン酸および/またはその塩としては、脂肪族カルボン酸、脂肪族カルボン酸塩、芳香族カルボン酸および芳香族カルボン酸塩が挙げられる。前記(f)カルボン酸および/または塩は、単独または2種以上の混合物として使用することもできる。
前記ゴルフボールのカバーは、樹脂成分を含有するカバー用組成物から形成される。前記樹脂成分としては、例えば、アイオノマー樹脂、BASFジャパン(株)から商品名「エラストラン(登録商標)」で市販されている熱可塑性ポリウレタンエラストマー、アルケマ(株)から商品名「ペバックス(登録商標)」で市販されている熱可塑性ポリアミドエラストマー、東レ・デュポン(株)から商品名「ハイトレル(登録商標)」で市販されている熱可塑性ポリエステルエラストマー、三菱化学(株)から商品名「ラバロン(登録商標)」で市販されている熱可塑性スチレンエラストマーなどが挙げられる。
(1)圧縮変形量(mm)
コアまたはゴルフボールに初期荷重98Nを負荷した状態から終荷重1275Nを負荷したときまでの圧縮方向の変形量(圧縮方向にコアまたはゴルフボールが縮む量)を測定した。
各コアまたはゴルフボールに198.4gの金属製円筒物を40m/秒の速度で衝突させ、衝突前後の前記円筒物およびコアまたはゴルフボールの速度を測定し、それぞれの速度および質量から各コアまたはゴルフボールの反発係数を算出した。測定は各コアまたはゴルフボールについて12個ずつ行って、その平均値をそのコアまたはゴルフボールの反発係数とした。なお、表1において、反発係数は、ゴルフボールNo.2との差で示した。
コアの表面部において測定した硬度をコア表面硬度とした。また、コアを半球状に切断し、切断面の中心、および、中心から所定の距離において硬度を測定した。なお、コア硬度は、コア断面の中心から所定の距離の4点で硬度を測定して、これらを平均することにより算出した。硬度は、自動硬度計(H.バーレイス社製、デジテストII)を用いて測定した。検出器は、「Shore C」を用いた。
カバー用組成物を用いて、射出成形により、厚み約2mmのシートを作製し、23℃で2週間保存した。このシートを、測定基板などの影響が出ないように3枚以上重ねた状態で、自動硬度計(H.バーレイス社製、デジテストII)を用いて硬度を測定した。検出器は、「Shore D」を用いた。
(1)コアの作製
表1に示す配合のゴム組成物を混練ロールにより混練し、半球状キャビティを有する上下金型内で加熱プレスすることにより直径39.8mmの球状コアを得た。なお、(c)架橋開始剤の配合量は、活性酸素量がゴルフボールNo.2のジクミルパーオキサイド0.8質量部の活性酸素量と同等となるように調整した。また、球状コアの成形温度は、1分間半減期温度に対して−15℃とした。なお、DCP、パーヘキサC−40の1分間半減期温度はカタログ値を採用した。ルペロックス931XLの1分間半減期温度は、示差走査熱量計(DSC)測定により推定した。具体的には、基材ゴム(BR730)100質量部と架橋開始剤(ルペロックス931XL)1.58質量部との混合物についてDSC測定(測定温度範囲0℃〜200℃、昇温速度10℃/min)を行い、発熱ピーク温度(159℃)に対して−14℃の温度(145℃)を1分間半減期温度と推定した。なお、基材ゴム(BR730)100質量部と架橋開始剤(DCP、1分間半減期温度175℃)0.8質量部との混合物は、発熱ピーク温度が189℃であった。基材ゴム(BR730)100質量部と架橋開始剤(パーヘキサC−40、1分間半減期温度154℃)0.95質量部との混合物は、発熱ピーク温度が168℃であった。
ZN−DA90S:日触テクノファインケミカル社製、アクリル酸亜鉛(10質量%ステアリン酸亜鉛コーティング品)
酸化亜鉛:東邦亜鉛社製「銀嶺R」
PBDS:ビス(ペンタブロモフェニル)ジスルフィド
オクタン酸亜鉛:三津和化学薬品社製(純度99%以上)
DCP:日油社製、「パークミル(登録商標)D(ジクミルパーオキサイド)」、1分間半減期温度:175℃
パーヘキサC−40:日油社製、「パーヘキサ(登録商標)C−40(1,1−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン)」、1分間半減期温度:154℃
ルペロックス931XL:アルケマ吉富社製、「ルペロックス(LUPEROX)(登録商標)931XL(1,1−ジ(1−メチル−1−フェニルエチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン)(式(1)において、R1およびR2がフェニル基、R3〜R12が水素原子であり、R1およびR2の置換基の結合解離エネルギーが474kJ/mol)」、推定1分間半減期温度:145℃
次に、表2に示した配合のカバー用材料を、二軸混練型押出機により押し出して、ペレット状のカバー用組成物を調製した。押出は、スクリュー径45mm、スクリュー回転数200rpm、スクリューL/D=35で行った。配合物は、押出機のダイの位置で150〜230℃に加熱された。得られたカバー用組成物を上述のようにして得られた球状コア上に射出成形して、球状コアと前記コアを被覆するカバーを有するゴルフボールを作製した。
ハイミラン1706:三井・デュポン・ポリケミカル社製、亜鉛イオン中和エチレン−メタクリル酸共重合体系アイオノマー樹脂
Claims (9)
- 球状コアと前記球状コアを被覆する少なくとも一層以上のカバーとを有するゴルフボールであって、
前記球状コアが、(a)基材ゴム、(b)共架橋剤として炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸および/またはその金属塩、(c)架橋開始剤を含有し、(b)共架橋剤として炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸のみを含有する場合には、さらに(d)金属化合物を含有し、
前記(c)架橋開始剤が、式(1)で表されるパーオキシケタールを含有するゴム組成物から形成されていることを特徴とするゴルフボール。
- 前記R1およびR2で表される置換基は、結合解離エネルギーが450kJ/mol以上である請求項1に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記R1およびR2で表される置換基が、フェニル基またはナフチル基である請求項1または2に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記球状コアは、表面硬度(Hs)と中心硬度(Ho)との硬度差(Hs−Ho)が、ショアC硬度で、0以上である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記ゴム組成物が、(b)共架橋剤として、炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸の金属塩を含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記ゴム組成物は、さらに(e)有機硫黄化合物を含有する請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記(e)有機硫黄化合物が、チオフェノール類、ジフェニルジスルフィド類、チオナフトール類、チウラムジスルフィド類、または、これらの金属塩である請求項6に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記ゴム組成物が、前記(a)基材ゴム100質量部に対して、前記(e)有機硫黄化合物を、0.05質量部〜5.0質量部含有する請求項6または7に記載のゴルフボール。
- 前記ゴム組成物が、前記(a)基材ゴム100質量部に対して、前記(b)炭素数が3〜8個のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸および/またはその金属塩を、15質量部〜50質量部含有する請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のゴルフボール。
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