JP6518917B2 - 抗cd40抗体およびその使用 - Google Patents
抗cd40抗体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6518917B2 JP6518917B2 JP2017560946A JP2017560946A JP6518917B2 JP 6518917 B2 JP6518917 B2 JP 6518917B2 JP 2017560946 A JP2017560946 A JP 2017560946A JP 2017560946 A JP2017560946 A JP 2017560946A JP 6518917 B2 JP6518917 B2 JP 6518917B2
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Description
本出願は、ASCII形式で電子的に提出されており、その全体が本明細書に参照により組み込まれる、配列表を含有する。前記ASCIIコピーは、2016年5月12日に作成され、名称は117813−10420_SL.txtであり、サイズは91,019バイトである。
本発明は、アンタゴニスト抗CD40抗体またはその抗原結合部分に関する。本発明の抗体として、それだけには限らないが、ヒトCD40と結合することができ、アゴニスト活性を実質的に有さないアンタゴニストヒト化抗体およびその抗原結合部分が挙げられる。
CDRに隣接する残基;
グリコシル化部位残基;
希な残基;
ヒトCD40と相互作用できる残基;
CDRと相互作用できる残基;
標準的残基;
重鎖可変領域と軽鎖可変領域との間の接触残基;
バーニアゾーン(Vernier zone)内の残基;および
Chothiaによって定義される可変重鎖CDR1とKabatによって定義される第1の重鎖フレームワークとの間で重複する領域内の残基。
別の実施形態では、アンタゴニスト抗CD40抗体またはその抗原結合部分は、最大で約10−7M;最大で約10−8M;最大で約10−9M;最大で約10−10M;最大で約10−11M;最大で約10−12M;および最大で10−13Mからなる群から選択される、CD40との解離定数(KD)を有する。
本発明の一態様は、ヒトCD40(hCD40)を含めたCD40と結合するアンタゴニストヒト化抗体またはその抗原結合部分を提供する。本発明のその他の実施形態は、CD40と結合するマウスモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合部分ならびに本明細書に記載の抗CD40マウス抗体の可変領域を含むキメラ抗体を含む。本発明の抗体は、有意なアゴニスト活性を有さないアンタゴニスト抗CD40(例えば、抗ヒトCD40)抗体であることが好ましい。
本発明は、少なくとも一部において、アンタゴニスト特性を有し、特定の実施形態では実質的なアゴニスト活性を有さないヒト化抗CD40抗体の同定に基づく。
A)huAb1 VH.1/VL.1(配列番号13として記載されているVHアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号6、7および8として記載されているVH CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列;ならびに配列番号14として記載されているVLアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号10、11および12として記載されているVL CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列);
B)huAb1 VH.1A/VL.1(配列番号15として記載されているVHアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号6、7および8として記載されているVH CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列;ならびに配列番号14として記載されているVLアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号10、11および12として記載されているVL CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列);
C)huAb1 VH.1/VL.1A(配列番号13として記載されているVHアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号6、7および8として記載されているVH CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列;ならびに配列番号16として記載されているVLアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号10、11および12として記載されているVL CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列);ならびに
D)huAb1 VH.1A/VL.1A(配列番号15として記載されているVHアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号6、7および8として記載されているVH CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列;配列番号16として記載されているVLアミノ酸配列およびそれぞれ配列番号10、11および12として記載されているVL CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3配列)。
マウスAb3の重鎖および軽鎖のヒト化型のアミノ酸配列を以下の表11に提供する。したがって、本発明は、さらに、抗体3(Ab3)由来の可変配列および/またはCDR配列を含む抗体を特徴とする。
キメラ抗体は、マウスモノクローナル抗体およびヒト免疫グロブリン定常領域に由来する可変領域を有する抗体などの抗体の異なる部分が異なる動物種に由来する分子である。キメラ抗体を製造する方法は、当技術分野で公知である。例えば、その全文が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、Morrison、Science 229:1202頁(1985年);Oiら、BioTechniques 4:214頁(1986年);Gilliesら(1989年)、J.Immunol.Methods 125:191−202頁;米国特許第5,807,715号;同4,816,567号および同4,816,397号参照のこと。さらに、適当な生物活性のヒト抗体分子に由来する遺伝子と一緒に、適当な抗原特異性のマウス抗体分子から遺伝子をスプライシングすることによって「キメラ抗体」を製造するために開発された技術が使用され得る。例えば、そのそれぞれが参照によりその全文が本明細書に組み込まれる、Morrisonら、1984年、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. 81:851−855頁;Neubergerら、1984年、Nature 312:604−608頁;Takedaら、1985年、Nature 314:452−454頁参照のこと。
本発明の抗CD40抗体はアンタゴニスト抗体であり、例えば当技術分野で公知であり、本明細書に記載されているいくつかのインビトロおよびインビボアッセイのいずれか1つによって評価して、CD40活性を低下させるまたは中和する高い能力を示し得る。特定の実施形態では、本発明の抗CD40抗体はアンタゴニストであり、アゴニスト活性を実質的に有さない。アンタゴニスト活性およびアゴニスト活性は、本明細書に記載のものを含めた当技術分野で公知のアッセイによって決定することができる。例えば、ヒトCD40との結合およびCD40−CD40L相互作用の阻害は、ヒトCD40発現細胞株を使用してFACS分析によってアッセイされ得る。
上記の通り、ヒト化抗体は、非ヒト種に由来する1つ以上の相補性決定領域(CDR)およびヒト免疫グロブリン分子に由来するフレームワーク領域を有する所望の抗原と結合する非ヒト種抗体に由来する抗体分子である。既知ヒトIg配列は、例えば、www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez−/query.fcgi;www.atcc.org/phage/hdb.html;www.sciquest.com/;www.abcam.com/;www.antibodyresource.com/onlinecomp.html;www.public.iastate.edu/.about.pedro−/research_tools.html;www.mgen.uniheidelberg.de/SD/IT/IT.html;whfreeman.com/immunology−/CH05/kuby05.htm;www.library.thinkquest.org/12429/Immune/Antibody.html;www.hhmi.org/grants/lectures/1996/vlab/;www.path.−cam.ac.uk/.about.mrc7/mikeimages.html;www.antibodyresource.com/;mcb.harvard.edu/BioLinks−/Immunology.html.www.immunologylink.com/;pathbox.wustl.edu/.about.hcenter/index.html;www.bio−tech.ufl.edu/.about.hcl/;www.pebio.com/pa/340913−/340913.html;www.nal.usda.gov/awic/pubs/antibody/;www.m.ehimeu.acjp/.about.yasuhito−/Elisa.html;www.biodesign.com/table.asp;www.icnet.uk/axp/facs/davies/lin−ks.html;www.biotech.ufl.edu−/.about.fccl/protocol.html;www.isac−net.org/sites_geo.html;aximtl.imt.uni−marburg.de/.about.rek/AEP−Start.html;baserv.uci.kun.nl/.about.jraats/linksl.html;www.recab.uni−hd.de/immuno.bme.nwu.edu/;www.mrc−cpe.cam.ac.uk/imt−doc/public/INTRO.html;www.ibt.unam.mx/−vir/V_mice.html;imgt.cnusc.fr:8104/;www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk/.about.martin/abs/index.html;anti−body.bath.ac.uk/;abgen.cvm.tamu.edu/lab/wwwabgen.html;www.unizh.ch/.about.honegger/AHO−seminar/Slide01.html;www.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/.about.ubcg07s/;www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/CC/ccaewg/ccaewg.htm;www.path.cam.ac.uk/.about.mrc7/humanisation/TAHHP.html;www.ibt.unam.mx/vir/structure/stat_aim.−html;www.biosci.missouri.edu/smithgp/index.html;www.cryst.bioc.cam.ac.uk/.about.fmolina/Webpages−/Pept/spottech.html;www.jerini.de/frroducts.htm;www.patents.ibm.com/ibm.html、Kabatら、Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest、U.S. Dept. Health (1983年)に開示されており、これらは、参照により本明細書に各々、全文が組み込まれる、。免疫原性を低減するまたは結合、親和性、結合速度、解離速度、アビディティー、特異性、半減期もしくは当技術分野で公知の任意のその他の適した特徴を低減、増強もしくは改変するために、このような移入された配列が使用され得る。
本発明の抗体は、当技術分野で公知のいくつかの技術のうちいずれかによって作製され得る。
モノクローナル抗体は、ハイブリドーマの使用、組換えおよびファージディスプレイ技術またはそれらの組合せを含めた、当技術分野で公知のさまざまな技術を使用して調製され得る。例えば、モノクローナル抗体は、当技術分野で公知のものおよび例えば、Harlowら、Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual、(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、第2版 1988);Hammerlingら、Monoclonal Antibodies and T−Cell Hybridomas 563−681頁(Elsevier、N.Y.、1981年)(この参考文献は、その全文が参照により組み込まれる)に教示されるものを始めとするハイブリドーマ技術を使用して製造され得る。本明細書において、用語「モノクローナル抗体」は、ハイブリドーマ技術によって製造される抗体に制限されないということも留意されたい。用語「モノクローナル抗体」とは、任意の真核生物クローン、原核生物クローンまたはファージクローンを含めた単一クローンに由来する抗体を指すのであって、製造される方法を指すのではない。
本発明の別の態様では、組換え抗体は、米国特許第5,627,052号、PCT公開番号WO92/02551およびBabcock、J.S.ら(1996年)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 93:7843−7848頁)に記載される、選択されたリンパ球抗体法(selected lymphocyte antibody method)(SLAM)と当技術分野で呼ばれる手順を使用して、単一の、単離されたリンパ球から作製される。この方法では、第1節に記載される、目的の抗体を分泌する単一細胞、例えば、免疫処置された動物のいずれか1種から得られたリンパ球が、抗原特異的溶血プラークアッセイを使用してスクリーニングされる。ここでは、抗原CD40、CD40のサブユニットまたはその断片が、ビオチンなどのリンカーを使用してヒツジ赤血球にカップリングされ、CD40に対して特異性を有する抗体を分泌する単一の細胞を同定するために使用される。目的の抗体を分泌する細胞を同定した後、重鎖および軽鎖可変領域cDNAが逆転写酵素PCRによって細胞からレスキューされ、次いで、これらの可変領域が、COSまたはCHO細胞などの哺乳動物宿主細胞において、適当な免疫グロブリン定常領域(例えば、ヒト定常領域)との関連で発現され得る。インビボで選択されたリンパ球から得られた増幅された免疫グロブリン配列を用いてトランスフェクトされた宿主細胞は、例えば、トランスフェクトされた細胞をパニングし、CD40に対する抗体を発現する細胞を単離することによって、インビトロでさらなる分析および選択を受け得る。増幅された免疫グロブリン配列は、例えば、PCT公開番号WO97/29131およびPCT公開番号WO00/56772に記載されているインビトロ親和性成熟法などによってインビトロでさらに操作され得る。
本発明の別の実施形態では、抗体を、CD40抗原を用いてヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子座の一部またはすべてを含む非ヒト動物を免疫処置することによって産生する。好ましい一実施形態では、非ヒト動物は、XENOMOUSEトランスジェニックマウス(ヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子座の大きな断片を含みかつマウス抗体産生に欠陥のある、操作されたマウス株)である。例えば、Greenら Nature Genetics 7:13−21頁(1994年)および米国特許第5,916,771号、同5,939,598号、同5,985,615号、同5,998,209号、同6,075,181号、同6,091,001号、同6,114,598号、および同6,130,364号参照のこと。1991年7月25日に発行されたWO91/10741、1994年2月3日に発行されたWO94/02602、どちらも1996年10月31日に発行されたWO96/34096およびWO96/33735、1998年4月23日に発行されたWO98/16654、1998年6月11日に発行されたWO98/24893、1998年11月12日に発行されたWO98/50433、1999年9月10日に発行されたWO99/45031、1999年10月21日に発行されたWO99/53049、2000年2月24日に発行されたWO00/09560、および2000年6月29日に発行されたWO00/37504も参照のこと。XENOMOUSEトランスジェニックマウスは、完全ヒト抗体の成人様ヒトレパートリーを産生し、抗原特異的ヒトMabを作製する。XENOMOUSEトランスジェニックマウスは、ヒト重鎖遺伝子座およびx軽鎖遺伝子座のメガベースサイズの、生殖系列立体配置YAC断片の導入によってヒト抗体レパートリーのおよそ80%を含有する。その開示内容を参照により本明細書に組み込む、Mendezら、Nature Genetics 15:146−156頁(1997年)、GreenおよびJakobovits J.Exp.Med. 188:483−495頁(1998年)参照のこと。
本発明の抗体を作製するためにインビトロ法も使用され得、ここで、所望の結合特異性を有する抗体を同定するために、抗体ライブラリーがスクリーニングされる。このような組換え抗体ライブラリーをスクリーニングする方法は、当技術分野で周知であり、例えば、Landerら、米国特許第5,223,409号;Kangら、PCT公開番号WO92/18619;Dowerら、PCT公開番号WO91/17271;Winterら、PCT公開番号WO92/20791;Marklandら、PCT公開番号WO92/15679;Breitlingら、PCT公開番号WO93/01288;McCaffertyら、PCT公開番号WO92/01047;Garrardら、PCT公開番号WO92/09690;Fuchsら(1991年)Bio/Tecnology 9:1370−1372頁;Hayら(1992年)Hum.Antibod.Hybridomas、3:81−85頁;Huseら(1989年)Science 246:1275−1281頁;McCaffertyらNature(1990年) 348:552−554頁;Griffithsら(1993年)EMBO J 12:725−734頁;Hawkinsら(1992年)J Mol Biol 226:889−896頁;Clacksonら(1991年)Nature 352:624−628頁;Gramら(1992年)PNAS 89:3576−3580頁;Garradら(1991年)Bio/Technology 9:1373−1377頁;Hoogenboomら(1991年)Nuc Acid Res 19:4133−4137頁;ならびにBarbasら(1991年) PNAS 88:7978−7982頁、米国特許出願公開第20030186374号、およびPCT公開番号WO97/29131に記載される方法が挙げられ、各々の開示内容を参照により本明細書に組み込む。
本発明の抗体は、当技術分野で公知のいくつかの技術のいずれかによって製造され得る。例えば、重鎖および軽鎖をコードする発現ベクター(複数可)が、標準技術によって宿主細胞中にトランスフェクトされている宿主細胞からの発現。用語「トランスフェクション」の種々の形態は、外因性DNAを原核生物または真核生物の宿主細胞に導入するためによく使用されるさまざまな技術、例えば、エレクトロポレーション、リン酸カルシウム沈殿、DEAE−デキストラントランスフェクションなどを包含するものとする。原核生物または真核生物の宿主細胞のいずれかにおいて、本発明の抗体を発現することが可能であるが、真核細胞における抗体の発現が好ましく、哺乳動物宿主細胞においてが最も好ましいが、これは、このような真核細胞(特に、哺乳動物細胞)は、原核細胞よりも、適切に折り畳まれた免疫学的に活性な抗体を組み立て、分泌する可能性が高いためである。
本発明の抗ヒトCD40抗体またはその一部の、ヒトCD40と結合する能力を考慮すると、これらは、酵素連結免疫吸着検定法(ELISA)、ラジオイムノアッセイ(RIA)または組織の免疫組織化学的検査などの従来のイムノアッセイを使用してヒトCD40(例えば、血清または血漿などの生体試料中の)を検出するために使用され得る。本発明は、生体試料中のヒトCD40を検出するための方法であって、生体試料を本発明の抗体または抗体部分と接触させ、ヒトCD40と結合した抗体(または抗体部分)または結合していない抗体(または抗体部分)のいずれかを検出して、それにより、生体試料中のヒトCD40を検出することを含む方法を提供する。抗体は、結合した抗体または結合していない抗体の検出を容易にするために検出可能な物質を用いて直接または間接的に標識される。適した検出可能な物質として、種々の酵素、補欠分子族、蛍光物質、発光物質および放射性物質が挙げられる。適した酵素の例として、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、β−ガラクトシダーゼまたはアセチルコリンエステラーゼが挙げられ;適した補欠分子族複合体の例として、ストレプトアビジン/ビオチンおよびアビジン/ビオチンが挙げられ;適した蛍光物質の例として、ウンベリフェロン、フルオレセイン、フルオレセインイソチオシアネート、ローダミン、ジクロロトリアジニルアミンフルオレセイン、ダンシルクロリドまたはフィコエリトリンが挙げられ;発光物質の例として、ルミノールが挙げられ;適した放射性物質の例として、3H、14C、35S、90Y、99Tc、111In、125I、131I、177Lu、166Hoまたは153Smが挙げられる。
本発明はまた、本発明の抗体またはその抗原結合部分と、医薬上許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物を提供する。
CD40特異的アンタゴニスト抗体を同定するために、ハイブリドーマ技術を使用してマウスモノクローナル抗CD40抗体を単離した。
アンタゴニスト抗CD40抗体Ab1のヒト化
ヒト化抗体をAb1の可変重鎖(VH)および可変軽鎖(VL)CDR配列に基づいて作製した。詳細には、ヒト生殖系列配列を、Ab1のVH鎖およびVL鎖のCDRドメインが異なるヒト重鎖および軽鎖アクセプター配列にグラフト化された、CDRグラフト化されたヒト化Ab1抗体を構築するために選択した。モノクローナル抗体Ab1のVH配列およびVL配列を用いたアラインメントに基づいて、以下のヒト配列をアクセプターとして選択した:
1.重鎖アクセプター配列を構築するためのIGHV3−21*01およびIGHJ6*01
2.重鎖を構築するための代替アクセプターとしてのIGHV3−48*01およびIGHJ6*01
3.軽鎖アクセプター配列を構築するためのIGKV4−1*01およびIGKJ2*01
4.軽鎖を構築するための代替アクセプターとしてのIGKV2−40*01およびIGKJ2*01
次いで、CDRグラフト化抗体を、Ab1の対応するVH CDRおよびVL CDRを上の1−4に記載されているアクセプター配列にグラフト化することによって調製した。
CDRグラフト化抗体の重鎖については、以下のバーニアおよびVH/VL界面残基のうちの1つ以上を復帰突然変異させた:V48Iおよび/またはS49A。
・ヒト化Ab1(huAb1 VH.1)は、IGHV3−21*01およびIGHJ6*01フレームワーク配列を含有するCDRグラフト化Ab1 VHである;
・ヒト化Ab1VH.1a(huAb1 VH.1A)は、以下の2つのフレームワーク復帰突然変異:V48I、S49Aを有するhuAb1 VH.1のアミノ酸配列を含むヒト化重鎖である;
・ヒト化Ab1VL.1(huAb1 VL.1)は、IGKV4−1*01およびIGKJ2*01フレームワーク配列を含有するCDRグラフト化Ab1 VLである;ならびに
・ヒト化Ab1VL.1a(huAb1 VL.1A)は、huAb1 VL.1に基づくヒト化軽鎖であり、1つの提唱されたフレームワーク復帰突然変異:Y36Fを含有する。
A.huAb1 VH.1/VL.1
B.huAb1 VH.1A/VL.1
C.huAb1 VH.1/VL.1A
D.huAb1 VH.1A/VL.1A
前述のヒト化抗体の可変領域およびCDRアミノ酸配列は、以下の表11に記載されている。
ヒト化抗体を、Ab3の可変重鎖(VH)および可変軽鎖(VL)CDR配列に基づいても作製した。ヒト生殖系列配列を、Ab3のVH鎖およびVL鎖のCDRドメインが異なるヒト重鎖および軽鎖アクセプター配列にグラフト化された、CDRグラフト化されたヒト化Ab3抗体を構築するために選択した。モノクローナル抗体Ab3のVH配列およびVL配列を用いたアラインメントに基づいて、以下のヒト配列をアクセプターとして選択した:
1.重鎖アクセプター配列を構築するためのIGHV3−69*06およびIGHJ6*01
2.重鎖を構築するための代替アクセプターとしてのIGHV1−18*01およびIGHJ6*01
3.軽鎖アクセプター配列を構築するためのIGKV2−29*02およびIGKJ2*01
4.軽鎖を構築するための代替アクセプターとしてのIGKV2−28*01およびIGKJ2*01
CDRグラフト化抗体を、Ab3の対応するVH CDRおよびVL CDRを上の1−4に記載されているアクセプター配列にグラフト化することによって調製した。
重鎖Ab3については、以下のバーニアおよびVH/VL界面残基のうちの1つ以上を復帰突然変異させた:M48I、V67A、I69L。さらに、Q1Eの変化を検討した。Q1E突然変異を、ピログルタミン酸形成を防止するために導入した。
・huAb3VH.1zは、IGHV1−69*06およびIGHJ6*01フレームワーク配列を含有するCDRグラフト化されたヒト化Ab3 VHである。
・huAb3VH.1Aは、huAb3VH.1に基づくヒト化設計であり、3つのさらなるフレームワーク復帰突然変異:M48I、V67A、I69Lを含有する。
A.huAb3VH.1/VL.1
B.huAb3VH.1B/VL.1
C.huAb3VH.1A/VL.1
D.huAb3VH.1/VL.1A
E.huAb3VH.1B/VL.1A
F.huAb3VH.1A/VL.1A
G.huAb3VH.1/VL.1B
H.huAb3VH.1B/VL.1B
I.huAb3VH.1A/VL.1B
前述のヒト化抗体の可変領域およびCDRアミノ酸配列は、以下の表12に記載されている。
上記のヒト化Ab1 VHおよびVL抗体配列の調査により、軽鎖のCDR1において露出している潜在的な脱アミド配列モチーフ(「NS」モチーフ)が同定された。同定された「NS」モチーフ部位は、脱アミドおよび加水分解を導く可能性があり、スクシンイミド中間体およびアスパルチルASPまたはイソASPをもたらす可能性がある。したがって、配列モチーフを操作してヒト化Ab1 VL CDR1配列からなくした。「NS」モチーフの除去により、改善された抗体製造が可能になる。
実施例3に記載の変異体から、抗体huAb1v1をさらなる分析のために選択した。この抗体の効力をさらに改善するために、HC CDR2ドメイン内に突然変異を含有するhuAb1v1重鎖(HC)の変異体を製造した。17種のさらなる変異体を作製した(名称huAb1v1CDR2v1からhuAb1v1CDR2v17)。変異体HC領域を、アゴニスト活性およびアンタゴニスト活性を決定するための活性試験のためにhuAb1v1 LC(配列番号20)と対合させた。17種の変異体重鎖を作製し、インビトロ活性試験から、一般に、変異体が、huAb1v1と比較して、それらのアンタゴニスト活性および多様な効力を保持することが示された。表15は、抗体変異体はアンタゴニスト活性を維持したが、各変異体の効力は変動したことを示す。
インビトロ分析
ヒト化抗CD40抗体Ab101およびAb102はどちらも、実施例1に記載のレポーターアッセイの所見と同様のアンタゴニスト活性を示した。残留するアゴニスト活性は、潜在的なリスクに関連するので、B細胞アゴニストアッセイを展開した。このアッセイでは、抗体をヒトB細胞におけるCD86上方制御の阻害について評価する。ヒトB細胞は、CD40を構成的に発現し、CD40を通じたシグナル伝達により、細胞表面上のCD86の上方制御によって測定される、B細胞の活性化が導かれる。B細胞を、低用量の抗IgMおよび抗IL4を用いて活性化し、CD40アンタゴニスト抗体を添加した。B細胞活性化の増強をCD86の上方制御として測定し、これは、アゴニストCD40の存在下では観察されたがアンタゴニストCD40 Abの存在下では観察されず、これにより、インビトロにおけるリード候補のアゴニスト活性が検出不可能であることが示唆される。アンタゴニスト活性を測定するために、初代ヒトB細胞を、CD40/CD40L相互作用によってB細胞活性化およびCD86発現の上方制御を導くCD40L発現ヒトT細胞株と一緒に培養した。アンタゴニストCD40の、初代ヒトB細胞のCD86上方制御を阻害する能力を測定し、それにより、図2Bに示されている通り、抗CD40抗体Ab101の強力なアンタゴニスト活性が示された。図2Aは、抗体Ab101がアゴニスト活性を有さないことを示す。特に、図2Bに記載の通り、アンタゴニスト抗体BIb(Boehringer Ingelheim)が4.213のIC50値を有し、アゴニスト抗体AD11(Astellas)が0.1906のIC50値を有したのと比較して、抗体Ab101は、1.337のIC50値を有した。したがって、抗体Ab101(および可変領域が同一であることを考慮してAb102)は、CD40の強力なアンタゴニストであり、実質的なインビトロアゴニスト活性は示さない。
抗体Ab101のインビボ活性を試験するために、ヒト抗体作製およびB細胞生存のモデルを確立した。手短には、健康なドナーから単離されたヒトPBMCを免疫無防備状態のscidマウスに移入したところ、14日後に、マウス抗原に応答したヒトIgGの産生が測定可能であった。さらに、これらのマウス由来の脾細胞のFACS分析により、ヒトB細胞の生着および生存が示された。抗原特異的応答を、破傷風トキソイド(TetTox)ワクチンを用いた攻撃を含め、抗TetTox特異的IgGを測定することによって測定した(Naito、2000年;Jeurissen、2004年)。
Fab Ab102を使用して、Fab Ab101が結合するエピトープを決定するために結晶学的試験を実施した。上記の通り、抗体Ab101とAb102のVH配列およびVL配列は同じであり、したがって、以下の結晶構造試験におけるFab Ab102の使用は、抗体Ab101およびAb102の両方の結合特徴を表す。
Ab102 FabとCD40との間の接触には、界面を安定化する重要な水素結合および疎水性相互作用の両方を伴う。分子接触の一覧(4.0Åの下で測定)を、CCP4 suite of programs中のプログラムNCONTを使用して作成した。2つの別々の結晶学的CD40単量体と対応する結合したAb102 Fabの軽鎖および重鎖との間の接触を測定した。Ab102 Fabと結晶学的CD40二量体(結晶の接触によって作製された二量体)との間にさらなる接触が観察された。この情報に基づいて、Ab102 Fab結合に関するエピトープは、CD40のCys62−Phe67、Gln79−Cys83、Arg90−Thr99、Thr24−Cys37によって定義されるトポグラフィー的領域で構成される。
CD40抗原の調製および精製:
ヒトCD40細胞外ドメイン(アミノ酸1−193)をコードするDNA配列およびその後にインフレームで続くC末端Tevプロテアーゼ切断部位およびヘキサヒスチジンタグ(配列番号115)を、pHybEベクターにクローニングした。プラスミドを、トランスフェクション試薬ポリエチレンイミン(PEI、Polysciences Inc)をPEI:DNA比4:1で使用し、HEK293 6e細胞(MRL)に1ml当たり細胞1×106個でトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクション後24時間の時点で、トランスフェクトされた細胞培養物にトリプトン−N1を供給した(0.5%まで)。トランスフェクション後7日目に、トランスフェクトされた細胞培養を、遠心分離し、その後、0.2uのPESフィルター(Corning)を通して濾過することによって清澄化した。清澄化された培地を、10kDaの膜(GE Healthcare)を備えたKvick TFFシステムを使用してバッファーをPBS、pH7.4に換え、PBS、pH7.4で平衡化されたHisTrap FFカラム(GE Healthcare)5mlにローディングした。カラムをPBS、pH7.4中25mmのイミダゾールで洗浄し、結合したタンパク質をPBS、pH7.4中250mMのイミダゾールを用いて溶出した。溶出したタンパク質を、10kDaの分子量カットオフを有するAmicon Ultra−15遠心濾過デバイス(Millipore)を使用して濃縮し、平衡化およびランにPBS、pH7.4を用いた26/60 Superdex 200カラム(GE Healthcare)でSECによってさらに精製した。CD40を含有する画分をプールし、濃度を280nmにおける吸光度によって測定し、試料をSEC、SDS−PAGEおよび質量分析によって分析した。[CD40(h)(21−193)]−Tev−His6(配列番号115として開示されている「His6」)を一定分量にして−80℃で貯蔵した。
CD40 Ab102のFab断片を、以下に詳述されている通り、親mAbのパパイン切断によって調製した。パパインを、PBS、pH7.4バッファー中50mMのシステインを用いて活性化した。PBS、pH7.4バッファー中mAb CD40 Ab102 [hu IgG1/k]LALA QLとパパインをパパイン対mAbの重量比1:100で混合し、37℃で1時間インキュベートした。5mMのヨードアセトアミドを用いて反応をクエンチした。混合物を10mlのMab SelectSure resin(GE Healthcare)で精製し、Fab断片をフロースルーとして採取した。Ultrafree−15 Biomax 10kDa分子量カットオフ(MWCO)遠心分離デバイス(Millipore)を使用してフロースルーを濃縮した。濃縮された混合物を、50mMのHEPES、50mMのNaCl、pH7.5バッファー中に予め平衡化した2.6cm×60cmのSephacryl 200 HiPrepカラム(GE Healthcare)で精製した。Fab断片を含有する画分(280nmにおけるUV吸収によってモニタリングされる)をプールし、−80℃で凍結させた。試料純度を分析用SEC、SDS−PAGEおよび質量分析によって評価した。
組換えヒトCD40を哺乳動物発現系において発現させ、その後、当技術分野で周知の技法を使用して精製した。組換えヒトCD40およびCD40 Ab102 Fabタンパク質を1.1:1のモル比で混合し、4℃で4時間インキュベートした。複合体試料を、50mMのHEPES、50mMのNaCl、pH7.5バッファーで予め平衡化した2.6cm×60cmのSephacryl 200 HiPrepカラム(GE Healthcare)に毎分1mlでローディングした。複合体を含有する画分(280nmにおけるUV吸収によってモニタリングされる)をプールし、Ultrafree−15 Biomax 10kDa分子量カットオフ(MWCO)遠心分離デバイス(Millipore)を使用して18mg/mlまで濃縮した。試料純度を分析用SECおよびSDS−PAGEによって評価した。
Fabを単独で、50mMのHEPES、50mMのNaCl、pH7.5中22.5mg/mlで供給した。結晶を23℃で蒸気拡散法によって成長させた。リザーバーは、25%(w/v)PMME550、0.1MのMES、pH6.5、0.01Mの硫酸亜鉛を含有した。ドロップを、等体積のタンパク質およびリザーバー溶液を添加することによって作製した。結晶は厚い柱として成長し、これを、リザーバー溶液を使用し、10%(v/v)プロピレングリコールを添加して凍結保護した。結晶を回収し、凍結溶液に入れて振り、液体窒素中で直接凍結冷却した。1.74Åまでの回析データを、Argonne National Laboratories(Argonne IL)、Advanced Photon Sourceにおいて、17ID beamline、100Kで気体窒素の下で採取した。
Fab複合体を、50mMのHEPES、50mMのNaCl、pH7.5中18mg/mlで供給した。使用した抗原構築物は、[CD40(h)(21−193)]−TEV−6His(配列番号115として開示されている「His6」)であった。結晶を23℃で蒸気拡散法によって成長させた。リザーバーは、2Mの硫酸アンモニウム、0.1Mのリン酸クエン酸、pH4.2を含有した。等体積のタンパク質およびリザーバー溶液を添加することによってドロップを作製した。結晶は細い棒として成長し、これを、2.5Mの硫酸リチウムを使用して凍結保護した。結晶を回収し、凍結溶液に入れて振り、液体窒素中で直接凍結冷却した。2.84Åまでの回析データを、Argonne National Laboratories(Argonne IL)、Advanced Photon Sourceにおいて、17ID beamline、100Kで気体窒素の下で採取した。
両方の結晶構造についての回析データを、Global Phasing LtdからのプログラムautoPROCを使用して処理した。
本実施例では、以下の方法を使用し、インビトロにおけるAb102のアンタゴニスト活性およびアゴニスト活性を調査した。
Ab102の、種々の種に由来するCD40との交差反応性を試験した。標準の技法を使用して、Alexa647で標識されたAb102では、B細胞の表面上のヒトCD40とカニクイザルCD40のどちらに対しても同様の結合速度論が実証され、以下の表21に示されている通り、EC50値はヒト細胞に対しては0.89±0.17nMであり、カニクイザル細胞に対しては1.4±0.15nMであった。Ab102のマウスCD40、ラットCD40およびウサギCD40との結合は、30μg/mL(200nM)までの濃度では検出することができなかった。
以下の方法をインビボ試験において使用して、マウス抗CD40抗体(抗体138)の大腸炎を治療する能力を決定した。抗マウスCD40抗体138は、Ab102と同様の特徴を有し、例えば、抗体138は、Ab102と同じく実質的なアゴニスト活性を有さないアンタゴニスト抗体である。したがって、抗体138は、実施例9のマウスモデルにおけるAb102活性を表すものである。以下にインビボ大腸炎のT細胞移入モデルを記載する。
0日目に、balb/cマウスから脾臓を採取し、氷上の4%ウシ胎仔血清(完全培地)を補充したRPMI培地に入れた。単一細胞懸濁液を機械的破壊によって得、100μmの細胞濾過器を通過させて、4%ウシ胎仔血清を補充したRPMI培地(完全培地)に入れた。細胞を遠心分離(4℃、1250rpmで10分)によって採取し、Robosep Buffer(Stem Cell Technologies)中に再懸濁させた。細胞濃度を、Moxi Mini Cell Counter(Orflo)を使用して測定し、Robosepバッファー中1mL当たり細胞1×108個に調整した。CD4+T細胞を、負の選択磁気ビーズキット(Stem Cell Technologies)を使用して、製造業者の指示に従って単離した。細胞をFACSによってさらに精製して、それぞれ細胞のなかで最も鮮やかな42%および最もくすんだ12%として採取された、CD4+CD45RBhighの集団およびCD4+CD45RBlowの集団を得た。細胞を計数し、1ml当たり細胞1×106個に調整し、0.5mL(細胞1×105個)をSCIDマウスの腹腔内(IP)に注射した。
次いで、マウス抗CD40抗体138を、細胞注射時(予防的処置)または疾患が内視鏡検査によって確認された後(治療的処置)に開始して、PBS中様々な用量で1週間に2回、SCIDマウス(上記)にIP投与した。さらに、いくつもの対照群を含めた。群は、1)抗体951(関連しないIgG)、PBS中15mg/kg、IP、1週間に2回、または2)抗体138(CD40Lを遮断する抗体)、IP、PBS中、1週間に2回のいずれかを受けた。さらに、T細胞移入(TCT)試験において、抗p40(IL−12/23)抗体または抗TNFモノクローナル抗体のいずれかを臨床的に意義のある対照比較物として投与した。
マウスへの細胞注射後の種々の時点で、疾患を結腸内視鏡検査によって評価した。イソフルランを用いた麻酔後、柔軟な強制飼養針を肛門にゆっくりと挿入し、PBS 300μLをゆっくりと注入して糞便ペレットを除去した。動物を麻酔から回復させ、歩き回らせて、残りのペレットすべてが通過するのを容易にした(およそ5分)。マウスを再度イソフルランで麻酔し、内視鏡検査プローブ(Karl Storz)を肛門に深さ3cmまで挿入した。写真画像を肛門縁から3cm、2cmおよび1cmの所で捕捉した。画像を後で以下の表22に詳述されている尺度を使用してスコア化した。3つの距離のそれぞれにおける各パラメータについてのスコアを合わせて、表22に示されているMurine Endoscopic Disease Activity Index(MEDAI)合計スコアをもたらした。MEDAI合計スコアを使用して得ることができる最大スコアは24であった。
GI試料をカセット中に分節を伸ばした全結腸の方向に入れ、それにより結腸全体の長さの分析を可能にし、ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋(FFPE)のために処理した。ブロックを5ミクロンに切片作製し、ガラススライドに載せた後、免疫組織化学的検査を実施して、抗IBA1抗体を使用してカルシウムイオン結合アダプター分子1(IBA1)を検出した(カタログ番号019−19741;Wako Pure Chemical Industries,Ltd.)。IBA1マーカーを使用して組織切片中のマクロファージを同定した。スライドをメチルグリーンで対比染色し、脱水し、カバーガラスに載せた。
予防的に投与されたマウス抗CD40抗体138の用量反応を、大腸炎のT細胞移入モデルを使用して決定した。種々の用量(0.5mg/kg、1.5mg/kg、5mg/kgおよび15mg/kg)を含む処置を細胞移入時に開始した。1.5mg/kgまで下げた用量により、MEDAI合計スコアの最大の阻害がもたらされたが、0.5mg/kgでは有意な効果はなかった。マウス抗CD40抗体138の活性は、陽性対照として使用された抗p40IL−12/23による処置の標準用量と同等であった。結腸切片の組織学的分析により、マクロファージの減少(炎症の一般的な測定基準)が示され、これは、図6および図7に記載の通り、疾患の内視鏡的評価とよく相関するものであった。詳細には、図6には、39日目(最終スコア)における、マウス抗CD40抗体138の予防的投与に伴う内視鏡検査スコアの用量反応阻害が記載されている。図6において、RBlowは陰性対照群を指す。CD45RBlow細胞は疾患を媒介しない。この大腸炎のモデルでは、疾患は、動物に移入されたCD45RBhi細胞によって媒介される。図7には、マウスの結腸内のIBA1+マクロファージの数(組織学的に決定されたもの)が示されており、0.5mg/kgを超える用量においてマクロファージのレベルがより低く、p40陽性対照よりも低いことが記載されている。
マウス抗CD40抗体138による処置を細胞注射の3週間後、内視鏡的疾患の確認後に開始したところ、MEDAI合計スコアの用量反応性阻害が観察され、最高用量(15mg/kg)では統計的有意性に達した(図9A)。図9Bに記載の通り、骨髄炎の測定基準としての結腸内のIBA1+マクロファージの組織学的分析により、同様の結果がもたらされた。最後の投薬の72時間後に測定された抗体138の平均血清中濃度は、15mg/kgを受けた動物では191.9μg/mlであった。
T細胞依存性抗体応答(TDAR)アッセイをカニクイザルにおいて行った。2匹/性別/群にAb102を0mg/kg(ビヒクルのみ)または10mg/kg投与量で5週間にわたって皮下(SC)投与した。8日目に、キーホールリンペットヘモシアニン(KLH)を全ての動物に投与した。KLH投与に対して−11日目、−7日目、0日目、4日目、7日目、10日目、14日目および21日目に、各動物から血清試料を採取した。全ての動物を、最後の予定された血液採取が完了した後に試験設備動物コロニーに戻した(図10)。
マウス抗CD40抗体138のアンタゴニスト活性が上記の急性モデルおよび大腸炎のモデル(実施例9を参照のこと)において示されたので、このマウス抗CD40抗体の有効性を全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)のマウスモデルにおいて調査した。2種のSLEモデルを使用した:MRL/lprおよびNZB/W−F1(TheofilopoulosおよびKono.1999年、Murine lupus models:gene−specific and genome−wide studies.In Lahita R.G.編、Systemic Lupus Erythematosus、第3版、145頁に記載されている)。MRL/lprマウスおよびNZB/W−F1マウスにおいて抗CD40による処置の有効性を評価する理論的根拠は2つある。第1に、これらのモデルは、SLEの顕在化が異なる。NZB/W−F1マウスではループス腎炎および唾液腺炎を自然発症するが、MRL/lprマウスでは、腎炎および唾液腺炎に加えて関節および皮膚での徴候を発症する(Andrewsら、J.Exp.Med.148:1198−1215頁、1978年)。患者はSLEの顕在化が異なるので、両方のモデルを使用することにより、大多数のSLE患者における潜在的有効性を評価することが可能になる。第2に、MRL/lprマウスおよびNZB/W−F1マウスでは、これらの疾患の遺伝学的基礎が異なり(Perryら、J.Biomed.Biotech.2011年、Article ID 271694)、したがって、モデル間にまたがる有効性により、遺伝的に均一ではないヒトに置き換える際の信頼度が増す。
有効性を決定するために、マウスに、マウス抗CD40抗体138を、10週齢で開始して、以下の表23に示されている用量で、腹腔内注射(i.p.)によって投与した。本試験では、PBS注射を陰性対照として使用し、プレドニゾロンを陽性対照として使用した。
SLEの第2のマウスモデルも試験して、アンタゴニストマウス抗CD40抗体138が当該疾患の治療に有効であるかどうかを決定した。詳細には、抗CD40抗体138の有効性を決定するために、抗体を、NZB/W−F1マウスにおいて試験し、ここで、以下の表24に記載されている投薬スケジュールに従って、予防レジメンおよび治療レジメンの両方を使用した。試験11.1と同様に、PBSが陰性対照としての機能を果たし、プレドニゾロンが陽性対照であった。
タンパク尿を週に1回モニタリングし、図17Aに示されている通り、無処置対照マウスの約50%が32週齢までにタンパク尿になった。対照的に、抗CD40抗体138で処置されたマウスでは1匹のみで高タンパク尿が発症し、プレドニゾロンで処置されたマウスでは高タンパク尿が発症したものはいなかった。これらの結果は、無処置対照に対して有意なものであった。図17Bに示されている通り、生存はタンパク尿の所見を反映し、全ての処置群がPBS対照とは有意に異なった。したがって、15mg/kgの処置用量と1.5mg/kgの処置用量のどちらによってもタンパク尿が予防され、生存が延長された。
抗CD40抗体138を用いた治療的処置は、この第2のマウスSLEモデルにおいても効果的であった。図18Aおよび図18Bに示されている通り、抗CD40抗体138を用いて処置されたマウスでは経時的に低タンパク尿が発症したが、無処置対照マウスでもプレドニゾロンで処置されたマウスでも低タンパク尿は発症しなかった。図18Bに示されているタンパク尿からの回復率に基づいて、タンパク尿の回復までの平均時間は23±7日であることが推定される。図18Cに記載の通り、抗CD40抗体138による処置により、生存も有意に延長された。
予防的に処置されたマウスおよび治療的に処置されたマウスの両方において唾液の産生を測定して唾液腺機能を評価した。麻酔したマウスに硝酸ピロカルピンを投与し、8分間にわたって唾液を綿棒で採取した。唾液の産生量を綿棒の正味の重量増加として測定した。予防的試験では、図19Aおよび19Bに記載の通り、無処置対照マウスによる唾液の産生は高度に変動したが、疾患を有さないNZBWF−1若年マウスとは有意に異なることが見出された。唾液の産生が最低であったビヒクル対照マウスの大多数がタンパク尿であったので、変動性は疾患のレベルに起因する可能性がある(図19Aおよび19B、ビヒクル群における紫色対黒色)。しかし、重要なことに、抗CD40抗体138で処置されたマウスによる唾液の産生は比較的に均一であり(図19A)、無処置対照マウスよりも有意に多かった。抗CD40抗体138で処置されたコホートの全てで唾液の産生がより多かったが、体重の関数として測定した場合、1.5mg/kgで処置されたコホートのみで有意性が保持された(図19B)。それにもかかわらず、これらのデータから、予防的抗CD40抗体138による処置により唾液腺機能の喪失が予防され得ることが示される。
MRL/lprマウス
MRL/lpr:抗CD40抗体(抗体138)を10週齢のMRL/lprマウスに4つの用量;15mg/kg、5mg/kgもしくは1.5mg/kgを週2回または15mg/kgを1週間に1回のうちの1つでi.p.投与した。PBS(ビヒクル)、i.p.、週2回を用いて処置されたマウスを陰性対照として含め、10mg/kgのプレドニゾロン、PO、sidを用いて処置されたマウスを陽性対照として含めた。
尿を週に1回、タンパク質レベルについてAlbustix試験紙(Siemens 2191、Pittsburgh、PA)を使用して試験した。マウスは、少なくとも2回の連続した試験でまたは死亡もしくは安楽死の前に尿中タンパク質レベルが≧300mg/dLまで上昇していた場合にタンパク尿であるとみなされた。
1%熱失活ウシ胎仔血清(Invitrogen)および1×ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン(Sigma、St Louis、MO)を含有するHanks緩衝塩類溶液(Invitrogen)中の、脾臓の単一細胞浮遊液を作製した。赤血球を遠心分離によって除去し、細胞を染色バッファー(1.5%熱失活ウシ胎仔血清および0.02%アジ化ナトリウム(Sigma)を含有するPBS(Invitrogen))に再浮遊させた。細胞を、CD3に対する抗体(145−2011、BD)、CD4に対する抗体(GK1.5 eBioSciences)、ICOSに対する抗体(C398.4A、Biolegend)、CXCR5に対する抗体(L138D7、Biolegend)、PD−1に対する抗体(29F.1A12、Biolegend)、GL7に対する抗体(A488、Biolegend)、CD19に対する抗体(BUV395、BD)、CD95に対する抗体(Jo2、Biolegend)を用いて染色した。抗体をフルオレセインイソチオシアネート、フィコエリトリン、フィコエリトリンおよびシアニン5、アロフィコシアニン、ペリジニンクロロフィルならびにシアニン5.5またはビオチンと直接カップリングする。総B細胞をCD19+として同定し、GC B細胞をCD19+、CD95+およびGL7+として同定し、Tfh細胞をCD3+、CD4+、ICOS+、CXCR5+およびPD−1+として同定した。細胞をFACSCalibur(BD Biosciences)フローサイトメーターによって分析し、FlowJoソフトウェア(バージョン8.5、Treestar Inc.)を用いて解析した。
ビヒクル対照マウスは瀕死になったので、腎臓、足首および唾液腺組織を採取し、10%中性緩衝ホルマリン中に固定した。さらに、特定の中間の時点で、各群の代表的なマウスから、上記と同じ組織および血液を採取した。H&Eのために、組織を10%中性緩衝ホルマリン中に8時間にわたって固定し、処理し、パラフィン包埋した。腎臓、唾液腺および足首における炎症性浸潤を、慣用的なH&E染色ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋(FFPE)切片の評価に基づいて評価した。腎臓については、病理医により、3μmのH&E切片が、糸球体疾患、血管周囲浸潤および尿細管間質浸潤について、以下のスコアリング基準に基づいて0から4までの尺度にスコア化された:糸球体疾患:0=疾患なし;1=少数の糸球体における糸球体間質の分節性肥厚;2=大多数の糸球体における糸球体間質の分節性からびまん性肥厚;3=糸球体間質のびまん性肥厚、細胞過形成、有足細胞の肥大、接着なし;4=以下のうちの1つ以上を伴う、その他の領域よりも悪化した領域を伴う糸球体間質のびまん性肥厚:タンパク質の凝固、線維症、低細胞性、有足細胞の肥大、ボーマン嚢の接着および半月体。血管周囲腎炎:0=少数の希なリンパ球まで;1=少数のリンパ球が緩い凝集体を形成している;2=リンパ球がばらばらの小さな凝集体を形成している;3=リンパ球の分極した凝集体が隣接する静脈の内腔内に隆起しているが、弓状動脈を完全に包囲できていない;4=リンパ球凝集体が弓状動脈を完全に包囲しており、極性化は伴わない。尿細管間質(TI)浸潤:0=浸潤なし;1=最小から軽度のTI浸潤;2=細管の20%の間での軽度の浸潤;3=細管の最大50%の間での軽度から中程度の浸潤;4=腎臓皮質全体を通して>50%の細管の間および周囲の中程度の浸潤。唾液腺の炎症スコアおよび関節の炎症スコアは、組織内の浸潤の増大に関する0−4のスコアと同じ原理に基づくものであった。
唾液腺産出量を測定するために、マウスを、まず、小さな隔離チャンバー内で酸素/イソフルランを用いて鎮静させた。鎮静後、マウスに硝酸ピロカルピン(Sigma)30μl(60μg)をi.p.投与した。注射の2分後、予め秤量した小児用安全綿棒(約1.5cmまで切ったもの、綿プラス幹)を動物の口内の前歯の後ろに入れた。マウスを横向きにして頬内に唾液をプールさせ、綿棒に吸着させた。8分後、綿棒を取り出し、秤量して正味の唾液重量を算出した。
総循環IgGおよびIgMレベルを、eBioscienceキット(カタログ番号88−50400、88−50470)を使用し、製造業者の説明書に従って、ELISAによって決定した。
Claims (8)
- 配列番号41に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖および配列番号40に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖を含む、抗CD40抗体。
- 請求項1に記載の抗CD40抗体および医薬として許容される担体を含む、医薬組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の抗CD40抗体アミノ酸配列をコードする、単離された核酸。
- 請求項3に記載の単離された核酸を含む、ベクター。
- 請求項4に記載のベクターを含む、宿主細胞。
- 原核細胞または真核細胞である、請求項5に記載の宿主細胞。
- CHO細胞またはCOS細胞である、請求項6に記載の宿主細胞。
- 請求項1に記載の抗CD40抗体を産生する方法であって、請求項5から7のいずれか一項に記載の宿主細胞を、培養培地中、抗CD40抗体が産生されるのに十分な条件下で培養するステップを含む、方法。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |