JP6497805B2 - Crop cultivation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crop growing system in year-round cultivation of vegetables, flower buds and the like that grow seedlings in a high temperature period.

Traditionally, in greenhouse horticulture, seedlings grown in high temperatures such as summer may be out of the optimal temperature for growing vegetables, flowers, etc., so take measures such as shading and cooling. The temperature is adjusted.
For example, there is a pad-and-fan type cooling device that includes a pad and a fan and uses a vaporization cooling effect by an airflow from the fan on a pad moistened by supplying water. A cooling device that generates mist in the space and uses the evaporative cooling effect is referred to as a fine fog cooling device.

In recent years, pad-and-fan cooling devices have become widespread in large-scale greenhouses. Recently, simple installation devices have been developed and are being used in small-scale greenhouses.
When a cooling device such as a pad and fan is used, the temperature in the greenhouse decreases due to the evaporative cooling effect, and the humidity also increases.

It is difficult to say that techniques for efficiently cooling the vicinity of plant bodies have been established in bench raising seedlings that cultivate vegetables, flowers, etc. Therefore, for example, in the plant cultivation facility of Patent Document 1, an airflow including outside air is supplied into the facility so as to form a substantially constant airflow environment in the occupied area of the cultivated plant.
Moreover, in the fine mist cooling apparatus of patent document 2, the technique which provides the fan which produces an airflow with respect to the mist-like water ejected from a spray nozzle, and cools the room | chamber interior by the vaporization effect is disclosed.
Furthermore, the cultivation facility of Patent Document 3 discloses a device for supplying carbon dioxide, humidifying, supplementing light, cooling, and heating locally near the growth point of a plant.

JP 2004-8049 A JP 2008-281288 A JP 2014-124167 A

In the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, when targeting large-scale greenhouses or grown strains, and targeting small-scale greenhouses and seedlings, they cannot be cooled sufficiently, resulting in uneven airflow, It is difficult to introduce in terms of cost. Moreover, if there is a bias in the air flow, the fine mist will not be sufficiently vaporized and the plant body may be wetted, which may promote the occurrence of disease.
There is also a method of cooling by supplying humidified cold air to the seedlings on the seedling bench by installing a simple pad-and-fan device at the bottom of the seedling bench, but there is a cooling effect on the root area of the crop However, in the case of a crop whose growth point is about 30 cm in height at the late stage of seedling growth like tomato, an efficient cooling effect cannot be expected.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a crop breeding system that can cool the vicinity of the growth point and can cool the inside of the greenhouse more uniformly even if the crop has a high growth point. .

The crop growing system of the present invention is a rectangular crop growing house, and includes an air conditioner that generates air flowing in a short direction of the crop growing house from a side surface near the center in the longitudinal direction of the crop growing house. interfere with the portion of the air flow generated from the air regulating plate is provided, the air regulating plate has a gap to flow air generated from the air conditioner as it is in the lateral direction.

  Preferably, the rectangular side surface is surrounded by a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air, and the rectangular upper surface is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air.

  Preferably, only the upper surface near the center of the crop growing house equipped with an air conditioner is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air, and the other upper surface transmits sunlight and is humidified cold air. It is covered with a transparent material.

  Preferably, the material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air is a polyolefin film, and the material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air is a nonwoven fabric.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a cooling device.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a fine fog cooling device.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a pad and fan air conditioner.

  Preferably, the crop growing house is provided on a seedling bench.

  According to the crop growing system of the present invention, it is possible to provide a crop growing system that can cool the vicinity of the growing point and cool the inside of the greenhouse more uniformly even if the growing point is high.

1 is a partially transparent perspective view of a crop cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the crop cultivation system concerning the embodiment of the present invention from the upper surface. It is the figure which looked at the crop cultivation system concerning the embodiment of the present invention from the side. It is side surface sectional drawing of the pad and fan type | formula cooling device of the crop cultivation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the temperature change in the crop cultivation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the temperature change of a certain day in the crop cultivation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partially transparent perspective view of a crop growing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The crop cultivation system 1 is formed in a rectangular shape.

  A crop growing house composed of a frame for forming a rectangular shape is composed of a PVC pipe, an iron pipe, or the like. A pad-and-fan cooling device 20 is provided near the center of the crop growing house.

With respect to the rectangular frame, the side surface 2 is surrounded by a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air. A polyolefin film is used as a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air.
Moreover, the upper surface 3 of the rectangular frame is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. Nonwoven fabric is used as a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. The upper surface 4 near the center of the crop growing house provided with the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 uses a polyolefin film that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air.
By doing in this way, the cooling air supplied from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 can be circulated in the crop growing house without increasing the cooling effect without immediately releasing it to the outside.
Here, the vicinity of the center of the crop growing house indicates the position of the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 placed in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the crop growing house. By placing the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the crop growing house, it becomes possible to uniformly cool the edge of the crop growing house.
The side surface 2 indicates all the four side surfaces of the rectangular frame.

Air conditioning plates 5 and 6 are provided at positions where the flow of air generated from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 is obstructed. The air conditioners 5 and 6 are arranged so as to have a gap that allows the air flow generated from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 to flow in the same direction.
Specifically, the air conditioners 5 and 6 are arranged apart from each other by providing a gap that allows the air to flow in the direction of the air generated from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20. The arrangement angle of the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 is adjusted as appropriate so that the temperature in the house becomes more uniform.
Since the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 are arranged apart from each other, they are dispersed on the left and right sides before the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 and on the left and right sides of the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 and are cooled uniformly in the crop growing house. Can send air.
Moreover, you may change the arrangement position and angle of the wind regulation boards 5 and 6 according to the growth of the growing crop.

A crop growing house made of a rectangular frame is provided on the seedling bench 7. The seedling bench 7 has a hole. The holes are made corresponding to the positions of the seedlings of the crop placed on the seedling bench 7. This is to maintain good drainage of water supplied to the crop.
On the seedling bench 7, a liquid fertilizer supply pipe 31 for supplying nutrients to the crop, a first water supply pipe 32 for supplying water, and a second water supply pipe 33 are arranged in accordance with the position of the crop seedling. is there.
In addition, the supply pipe | tube for giving water and liquid fertilizer to a crop should just be made to match with the position of a crop, and does not need to separate water and liquid fertilizer like embodiment. Further, the ends of the supply pipe need not be connected apart.
In the present embodiment, six rows of seedlings are arranged. The supply pipes for supplying water and liquid fertilizer have holes corresponding to the positions of the seedlings of the crops, and liquid fertilizer and water are supplied from there.

  FIG. 2 is a top view of the crop cultivation system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the crop cultivation system according to the embodiment. When viewed from the upper surface, the portion covering the upper surface 3 of the house and other than the upper surface 4 near the center of the crop growing house is covered with a nonwoven fabric that is a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. .
Parts other than the upper surface 4 near the center of the crop growing house are covered with a polyolefin film that is a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air.
A pad-and-fan cooling device 20 is installed near the center of the crop growing house. In contrast to the pad-and-fan cooling device 20, the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 are arranged at about half the house in the direction in which air flows from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 in the house.

In the case where there are a plurality of seedlings, the air conditioning plates 5 and 6 may be at the center of the row. The air conditioning plates 5 and 6 partially reflect the wet cooling air supplied from the pad-and-fan cooling device 20 and transmit a part thereof.
This allows air to reach both ends of the rectangular house.

When the figure seen from the side of FIG. 3 is seen, it turns out that the wind regulation boards 5 and 6 are arrange | positioned near the center of a rectangular crop growing house. Although it is described as floating in the figure, it is actually supported by two legs or three legs.
The air conditioners 5 and 6 are made of a PVC pipe and an iron pipe, and a transparent agricultural polyolefin film is attached thereto. By extending the attached film downward, the humidified cold air is completely blocked by the air conditioning plate and flows to both ends of the seedling raising system.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the pad-and-fan cooling device of the crop cultivation system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The pad and fan type cooling device 20 includes a pad 21 and a fan 22. The pad 21 is made of paper such as cardboard, for example, and is formed by overlapping wavy paper. In addition, this makes it easy to absorb water, and further, the water becomes a wind containing a lot of water like humidified cold air by the flow of air.
A pad water supply pipe 23 for supplying water is disposed on the pad 21. Further, a cloth 24 or the like is disposed between the pad and the pad water supply pipe 23 so that water is evenly supplied to the wide pad 21.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a temperature change in the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a certain day's temperature change in the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The control shows the temperature change measured on the bench without setting up the crop-growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention and placing only the seedling bench in a large house.
A shows the temperature change in the sensor put on the lower side of the upper surface 3 covered with the nonwoven fabric in the vicinity of the edge of the crop growing house in the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
B is a crop growing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the vicinity of the center of the crop growing house, on the back side of the wind-conditioning plates 5 and 6, that is, in the house and sandwiching the wind-conditioning plates 5 and 6. The temperature change by the sensor placed on the opposite side to the andfan type cooling device 20 is shown.

From the temperature change of the control and A or B, it can be seen that without a crop-growing system, the temperature in the house during the day increases and may exceed 35 degrees. This temperature is not suitable for the growth of the crop, and the crop will die or become sick.
On the other hand, when the temperature change A or B in the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention is seen, it is between 25 and 33 degrees which is a suitable temperature for growing the crop even during the daytime, and the growth proceeds smoothly. .

  Furthermore, it can be seen from the temperature change between A and B that the temperature difference in the house is small. In other words, the inside of the house can be cooled evenly.

  Next, the temperature change of a certain day in the crop cultivation system according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 will be seen. Here, the control is the temperature change measured on the bench without placing the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention, with only the seedling bench placed in a large house, and C is the crop growing according to the present invention. This is a temperature change in the system, and D is a temperature change in cooling by a system in which a simple pad and fan device is installed at the bottom of the seedling bench and humidified cold air is supplied to the seedlings on the seedling bench.

The temperature change of the control in which the crop growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention is not installed is high temperature and the temperature change is severe. During the day, the temperature is over 35 degrees, which is not suitable for growing crops.
On the other hand, when C, which is a temperature change in the crop cultivation system according to the present invention, is observed, the cooling is sufficiently performed, and the temperature suitable for the cultivation of the crop is maintained even during the daytime. As a comparative example, a simple pad and fan device is installed at the bottom of the seedling bench, and the temperature change in the cooling by the method of supplying humidified cold air to the seedling on the seedling bench is compared with the control. Although the temperature rise is suppressed by this, the daytime temperature rises to nearly 35 degrees, which is not suitable for growing crops.

<Configuration and Effect of Embodiment>
The crop growing system of the present invention is a rectangular crop growing house, provided with an air conditioner near the center of the crop growing house, and provided with air conditioning plates 5 and 6 that block the flow of air generated from the air conditioner, The air conditioners 5 and 6 are provided with a gap that allows the air flow generated from the air conditioner to flow as it is. With such a configuration, the cooled air can be sent to every corner of the crop growing house, and the inside of the house can be cooled uniformly.

  Preferably, the rectangular side surface is surrounded by a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air, and the rectangular upper surface is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. With such a configuration, it is possible to send cooled air while maintaining humidity.

  Preferably, only the upper surface near the center of the crop growing house equipped with an air conditioner is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air, and the other upper surface transmits sunlight and is humidified cold air. It is covered with a transparent material. By setting it as such a structure, the humidity in the site | part of the crop cultivation house far from an air conditioner can be maintained.

  Preferably, the material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air is a polyolefin film, and the material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air is a nonwoven fabric. With such a configuration, it can be configured at low cost.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a cooling device. With such a configuration, the inside of the crop growing house can be cooled.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a fine fog cooling device. With such a configuration, cooling can be performed while maintaining humidity.

  Preferably, the air conditioner is a pad and fan air conditioner. By adopting such a configuration, cooling can be easily performed while maintaining the humidity.

  Preferably, the crop growing house is provided on a seedling bench. By adopting such a configuration, a system with good drainage can be configured, and the temperature adjustment in the house can be made more uniform.

<Definition>
The crop is a crop having a plant height of 1.5 m or less, such as strawberry, tomato, paprika, cucumber, cucumber, melon, watermelon and eggplant.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crop rearing system 2 Side surface 3 Upper surface 4 Upper surface 5 Air conditioner plate 6 Air conditioner plate 7 Raising seedling bench 20 Pad and fan type air conditioner 21 Pad 22 Fan 23 Pad water supply pipe 24 Cloth 31 Liquid fertilizer supply pipe 32 1st water supply pipe 33 2nd Water supply pipe

Claims (8)

A rectangular crop growing house,
An air conditioner for generating air flowing in the short direction of the crop growing house from the side surface near the center in the longitudinal direction of the crop growing house ;
An air conditioning plate is provided to block a part of the air flow generated from the air conditioner,
The said air conditioning board is provided with the clearance gap which makes the air generated from the said air conditioner flow as it is in the said transversal direction . The rectangular side is surrounded by a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air,
The crop cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular upper surface is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. Only the upper surface near the center of the crop growing house equipped with the air conditioner is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air,
The crop cultivation system according to claim 2, wherein the other upper surface is covered with a material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air. The crop cultivation system according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the material that transmits sunlight and does not transmit humidified cold air is a polyolefin film, and the material that transmits sunlight and transmits humidified cold air is a nonwoven fabric. The crop cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air conditioner is a cooling device. The crop cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air conditioner is a fine fog cooling device. The crop cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air conditioner is a pad-and-fan cooling device. The crop growing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the crop growing house is provided on a seedling bench.

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