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JP6463049B2 - Three-dimensional object manufacturing method and three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus, and three-dimensional object support member, solidified material with time or precursor thereof, or recess formation member - Google Patents

Three-dimensional object manufacturing method and three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus, and three-dimensional object support member, solidified material with time or precursor thereof, or recess formation member Download PDF

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JP6463049B2
JP6463049B2 JP2014181906A JP2014181906A JP6463049B2 JP 6463049 B2 JP6463049 B2 JP 6463049B2 JP 2014181906 A JP2014181906 A JP 2014181906A JP 2014181906 A JP2014181906 A JP 2014181906A JP 6463049 B2 JP6463049 B2 JP 6463049B2
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浩也 田中
浩也 田中
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Keio University
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本発明は、立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置、並びに、上記立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置に用いられる立体物支持部材、経時固化材若しくはその前駆体、又は凹部形成用部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a three-dimensional object manufacturing method, a three-dimensional object manufacturing device, and a three- dimensional object support member , a solidified material with time or a precursor thereof, or a recess forming member used in the three- dimensional object manufacturing method and the three-dimensional object manufacturing device.

立体物を製造する装置として、いわゆる3Dプリンターが知られている。このような装置において3次元の立体物を造形する方法の1つとしては、積層造形法が知られている。例えば、特許文献1には、所望のパターンで基部材上で凝固する多数の層を順次堆積することによって所定の形状の三次元物理的物体を作る装置が開示されている。   A so-called 3D printer is known as an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional object. As one of methods for modeling a three-dimensional solid object in such an apparatus, a layered modeling method is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for creating a three-dimensional physical object having a predetermined shape by sequentially depositing a number of layers that solidify on a base member in a desired pattern.

特開平03−158228号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-158228

積層造形法を用いた3Dプリンターにおいては、溶融した樹脂等の造形材料をプリンタヘッドから造形台上に吐出して第一層を形成した後、この第一層の上に第二層以降を積層して、立体物が製造される。この際、造形台の表面が水平でないと、造形材料を順次積層するのに不具合をきたしやすく、所望の立体物を製造することが困難となりやすい。   In a 3D printer using the additive manufacturing method, after forming a first layer by discharging a molten modeling material such as a resin from a printer head onto a modeling table, the second and subsequent layers are stacked on the first layer. Thus, a three-dimensional object is manufactured. At this time, if the surface of the modeling table is not horizontal, it is easy to cause problems in sequentially stacking modeling materials, and it is difficult to manufacture a desired three-dimensional object.

従来、造形台の表面の水平を確保するため、例えば、水準器で水平度を確認しながら、造形台下部等に設けられた数点のネジを調整する方法がとられている。このような従来の方法は、煩雑であり、また、高い水平度を確保しにくい。また、最近は、事前に造形台の表面の傾きを自動計測し、それに合わせて、第一層を形成する際に、位置ごとに造形材料の吐出量を変化させて、形成された第一層の上面を水平面とし、第二層以降はこの水平面上に形成する技術が開発されている。しかし、このような技術を用いて製造された立体物は、傾斜面上で形成されたものとなりやすく、水平面上では立体物自体が傾斜してしまうという不具合が生じやすい。   Conventionally, in order to ensure the level of the surface of the modeling table, for example, a method of adjusting several screws provided at the lower part of the modeling table while checking the level with a level. Such a conventional method is complicated and it is difficult to ensure high levelness. In addition, recently, the first layer formed by automatically measuring the tilt of the surface of the modeling table in advance and changing the ejection amount of the modeling material for each position when forming the first layer accordingly A technology has been developed in which the upper surface of the second surface is a horizontal surface and the second and subsequent layers are formed on the horizontal surface. However, a three-dimensional object manufactured using such a technique tends to be formed on an inclined surface, and a problem that the three-dimensional object itself is inclined on a horizontal plane is likely to occur.

本発明は、このような従来の実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、水平面上に簡便に立体物を造形することができる立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置、並びに、上記立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置に用いられる立体物支持部材、経時固化材若しくはその前駆体、又は凹部形成用部材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and a three-dimensional object manufacturing method and a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus capable of easily modeling a three-dimensional object on a horizontal plane, and the three-dimensional object manufacturing method and It is an object to provide a three-dimensional object support member , a solidified material with time or a precursor thereof, or a recess forming member used in a three- dimensional object manufacturing apparatus.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため鋭意研究を重ねた。その結果、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を凹部内で固化させて水平面を形成し、この水平面上に立体物を造形することにより上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。具体的には、本発明は以下のものを提供する。   The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to solve the above problems. As a result, it was found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by solidifying a liquid or slurry-like solidified material in a recess to form a horizontal plane, and forming a three-dimensional object on the horizontal plane, and the present invention has been completed. . Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

本発明の第一の態様は、造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形する造形部と、上記造形部によって上記立体物が造形される造形台とを備える立体物製造装置を用いて立体物を製造する立体物製造方法であって、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有し、前記造形部の作業領域内に配置された板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を供給し、前記経時固化材を固化させて固化物を得ることにより、前記板状体と前記板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部において水平面を形成する前記固化物とを含む造形台を形成する造形台形成工程と、上記造形台中の上記固化物上に上記造形材料を順次積層することによって立体物を造形する造形工程と、を含む立体物製造方法である。   A first aspect of the present invention is a three-dimensional object using a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus including a modeling part that sequentially stacks modeling materials to model a three-dimensional object, and a modeling table on which the three-dimensional object is modeled by the modeling part. In which at least one main plane has a recess, and at least a part of the recess of the plate-like body arranged in the work area of the modeling part is in a liquid or slurry state. A modeling including supplying the time-solidified material and solidifying the time-solidified material to obtain a solidified material, thereby forming the solidified material that forms a horizontal plane in at least a part of the concave portion of the plate-shaped material. It is a three-dimensional object manufacturing method including a modeling table forming step of forming a table and a modeling step of modeling a three-dimensional object by sequentially laminating the modeling material on the solidified material in the modeling table.

本発明の第二の態様は、造形材料を順次積層することによって立体物を製造する立体物製造装置であって、上記造形材料を順次積層して上記立体物の造形を行う造形部と、上記造形部によって上記立体物が造形される造形台と、を備え、上記造形台は、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有し、前記造形部の作業領域内に配置された板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を供給し、前記経時固化材を固化させて固化物を得ることにより形成され、前記板状体と前記板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部において水平面を形成する前記固化物とを含む立体物製造装置である。   A second aspect of the present invention is a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional object by sequentially stacking modeling materials, the modeling part that sequentially stacks the modeling material and models the three-dimensional object, and the above A modeling table on which the three-dimensional object is modeled by the modeling unit, and the modeling table has a recess in at least one main plane, and the recess of the plate-like body arranged in the work area of the modeling unit At least one of the plate-like body and the concave portion of the plate-like body is formed by supplying a time-solidified material in a liquid or slurry state to at least a part of the plate and solidifying the time-solidified material to obtain a solidified product. It is the solid thing manufacturing apparatus containing the said solidified material which forms a horizontal surface in a part.

本発明の第三の態様は、上記立体物製造方法又は上記立体物製造装置に用いられる、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有する板状体である。
本発明の第四の態様は、上記立体物製造方法又は上記立体物製造装置に用いられる、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材又はその前駆体である。
本発明の第五の態様は、上記立体物製造方法又は上記立体物製造装置に用いられる凹部形成用部材であって、上記板状体又は上記造形台とともに凹部を形成するように、上記板状体又は上記造形台に取り付けられる凹部形成用部材である。
The 3rd aspect of this invention is a plate-shaped body which has a recessed part in at least one main plane used for the said solid object manufacturing method or the said solid object manufacturing apparatus.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is a liquid or slurry solidified material or precursor thereof used in the three-dimensional object manufacturing method or the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus.
5th aspect of this invention is a member for recessed part formation used for the said solid object manufacturing method or the said solid object manufacturing apparatus, Comprising: The said plate shape so that a recessed part may be formed with the said plate-shaped object or the said modeling stand. It is the member for recessed part formation attached to a body or the said modeling stand.

本発明によれば、水平面上に簡便に立体物を造形することができる立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置、並びに、上記立体物製造方法及び立体物製造装置に用いられる立体物支持部材、経時固化材若しくはその前駆体、又は凹部形成用部材を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a three-dimensional object manufacturing method and a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus capable of easily modeling a three-dimensional object on a horizontal plane, a three- dimensional object supporting member used in the three- dimensional object manufacturing method and the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus, A solidifying material or a precursor thereof, or a recess forming member can be provided.

本発明の実施形態に係る立体物製造方法を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the solid thing manufacturing method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る凹部形成用部材の使用形態を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the usage type of the member for recessed part formation which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

<立体物製造方法>
本発明に係る立体物製造方法は、造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形する造形部と、上記造形部によって上記立体物が造形される造形台とを備える立体物製造装置を用いて立体物を製造する立体物製造方法であって、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有し、前記造形部の作業領域内に配置された板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を供給し、前記経時固化材を固化させて固化物を得ることにより、前記板状体と前記板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部において水平面を形成する前記固化物とを含む造形台を形成する造形台形成工程と、上記造形台中の上記固化物上に上記造形材料を順次積層することによって立体物を造形する造形工程と、を含む。
以下、本発明に係る立体物製造方法について、図1を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る立体物製造方法を模式的に示す図である。
<Three-dimensional object manufacturing method>
The three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to the present invention is a three-dimensional object using a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus including a modeling part that sequentially stacks modeling materials to model a three-dimensional object and a modeling table on which the three-dimensional object is modeled by the modeling part. A three-dimensional object manufacturing method for manufacturing an object, which has a recess on at least one main plane, and is liquid or slurry in at least a part of the recess of the plate-like body arranged in the work area of the modeling part The solidified material that forms a horizontal plane in at least a part of the concave portion of the plate-like body is obtained by supplying the time-solidified material and solidifying the time-solidified material to obtain a solidified product. A modeling table forming step of forming a modeling table and a modeling step of modeling a three-dimensional object by sequentially laminating the modeling material on the solidified material in the modeling table.
Hereinafter, the three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

本実施形態において、造形台形成工程は、図1(a)及び図1(b)で示される工程である。
まず、図1(a)において、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有し、造形部1の作業領域内に配置された板状体2の上記凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3を供給する。凹部の深さは、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3を供給することができ、経時固化材3が固化して水平面を有する固化物4が形成される限り、特に限定されず、例えば、1〜10cm、好ましくは3〜7cmが挙げられる。経時固化材3の供給量としては、特に限定されないが、上記凹部に供給された経時固化材3の深さが、例えば、1〜5mm、好ましくは2〜4mm程度となる量が挙げられる。
In this embodiment, a modeling stand formation process is a process shown by Fig.1 (a) and FIG.1 (b).
First, in FIG. 1A, at least one main plane has a recess, and at least a part of the recess of the plate-like body 2 disposed in the work area of the modeling unit 1 is in a liquid or slurry state over time. The solidifying material 3 is supplied. The depth of the recess is not particularly limited as long as the solidified material 3 in liquid or slurry form can be supplied, and the solidified material 4 having a horizontal plane is formed by solidifying the solidified material 3 over time. -10 cm, preferably 3-7 cm. The supply amount of the time-solidified material 3 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an amount such that the depth of the time-solidified material 3 supplied to the recess is 1 to 5 mm, preferably about 2 to 4 mm.

造形部1は、後述する立体物製造装置6の一部を構成する。造形部1は、最下部に造形材料の吐出口(図示せず)を有し、この吐出口を通じて造形材料を吐出する。造形材料としては、3Dプリンターにより立体物を製造するのに用いることのできるものであれば、特に限定されず、従来公知の造形材料を用いることができる。造形材料としては、例えば、PLA(ポリ乳酸)樹脂、ABS樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂が挙げられる。造形部1の作業領域とは、造形部1が造形材料を吐出することができる領域をいう。   Modeling part 1 constitutes a part of solid thing manufacturing device 6 mentioned below. The modeling part 1 has a discharge port (not shown) for a modeling material at the bottom, and discharges the modeling material through this discharge port. The modeling material is not particularly limited as long as it can be used to manufacture a three-dimensional object with a 3D printer, and a conventionally known modeling material can be used. Examples of the modeling material include thermoplastic resins such as PLA (polylactic acid) resin and ABS resin. The work area of the modeling unit 1 refers to an area where the modeling unit 1 can discharge the modeling material.

板状体2は、底面と底面の端部から底面に対し垂直上方に延びる側面とから構成され、底面と側面とで形成される凹部を有する。ただし、板状体2の構成は、上記のものに限定されず、例えば、凹部の断面は、下に凸の円弧等の曲線を輪郭に有するものであってもよい。また、板状体2の底面の形状としては、特に限定されず、例えば、円、楕円や、三角形、四角形(正方形、長方形、平行四辺形、台形等)、六角形等の多角形が挙げられる。   The plate-like body 2 includes a bottom surface and a side surface extending vertically upward from the end of the bottom surface with respect to the bottom surface, and has a recess formed by the bottom surface and the side surface. However, the configuration of the plate-like body 2 is not limited to the above, and for example, the cross section of the concave portion may have a curved line such as a downwardly convex arc in its contour. Further, the shape of the bottom surface of the plate-like body 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include circles, ellipses, triangles, quadrangles (squares, rectangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, etc.), and polygons such as hexagons. .

板状体2は、1種の材料から形成されていてもよいし、2種以上の材料から形成されていてもよい。例えば、底面と側面とが異なる材料でできていてもよい。この場合、底面としては、例えば、ベニヤ板、MDF板等が挙げられ、側面としては、例えば、プラスチック板、テープ等が挙げられる。   The plate-like body 2 may be formed from one type of material, or may be formed from two or more types of materials. For example, the bottom surface and the side surface may be made of different materials. In this case, examples of the bottom surface include a veneer plate and an MDF plate, and examples of the side surface include a plastic plate and a tape.

板状体2は、造形部1の作業領域内に固定して配置されたものであることが好ましい。本実施形態においては、従来と異なり、板状体2自体の水平は確保する必要がないため、板状体の水平度をネジで調整することは不要であり、板状体2を固定することができる。板状体2を固定して配置することで、特に、板状体2が大型になった場合に、経時固化材3の供給時又は固化時、立体物7の造形時等に板状体2の位置がずれにくくなり、固化物4の形成、立体物7の造形等に不具合が生じにくくなる。板状体2を固定する手段としては、特に限定されず、ビス、テープ、接着剤等が挙げられる。   It is preferable that the plate-like body 2 is fixedly disposed in the work area of the modeling unit 1. In the present embodiment, unlike the prior art, since it is not necessary to ensure the level of the plate-like body 2 itself, it is not necessary to adjust the level of the plate-like body with screws, and the plate-like body 2 is fixed. Can do. By fixing and arranging the plate-like body 2, especially when the plate-like body 2 becomes large, the plate-like body 2 is supplied at the time of supplying or solidifying the solidified material 3 over time, at the time of modeling the three-dimensional object 7, etc. Are less likely to be displaced, and it is difficult for problems to occur in the formation of the solidified product 4 and the modeling of the three-dimensional object 7. The means for fixing the plate-like body 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include screws, tapes, and adhesives.

液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3は、調製時に液状又はスラリー状であり、継時的に固化する材料であれば、特に限定されない。本発明の目的を達成する上では、調製時に液状又はスラリー状であり、上記凹部の少なくとも一部への供給時にも液状又はスラリー状を維持しており、上記供給後、速やかに固化する材料であることが好ましい。液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3は、いずれの条件で固化するものであってもよく、例えば、常温で固化するものであっても、加熱下で固化するものであってもよく、作業性の観点等から、常温で固化するものであることが好ましい。   The liquid or slurry aging solidification material 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that is liquid or slurry at the time of preparation and solidifies over time. In achieving the object of the present invention, a material that is liquid or slurry at the time of preparation and maintains a liquid or slurry at the time of supply to at least a part of the recess, and that solidifies quickly after the supply. Preferably there is. The liquid or slurry solidified material 3 over time may be solidified under any conditions, for example, it may be solidified at room temperature, or it may be solidified under heating. From the viewpoint of the above, it is preferable that it is solidified at room temperature.

液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3の固化物4は、造形部1から吐出された造形材料が形成する第一層を定着させやすいものであることが好ましい。固化物4が第一層を定着させやすいものであると、第二層以降の積層の際に、積層された造形材料の位置にずれ等が生じにくく、所望の立体物を製造しやすい。   It is preferable that the solidified material 4 of the time-solidified material 3 in a liquid or slurry state is one that can easily fix the first layer formed by the modeling material discharged from the modeling unit 1. When the solidified material 4 is easy to fix the first layer, the laminated material is less likely to be displaced at the time of the second and subsequent layers, and a desired three-dimensional object can be easily manufactured.

液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3の固化物4は、造形部1から吐出された造形材料に対して耐熱性を有するものであることが好ましい。通常、造形材料は、加熱により形成された溶融物として、造形部1から固形物4に対して吐出される。固化物4は、造形部1から吐出された造形材料に対して耐熱性を有するものであると、熱による変形、変性等を受けにくく、固形物4から形成される水平面が維持されやすい。   It is preferable that the solidified material 4 of the liquid or slurry aging solidified material 3 has heat resistance to the modeling material discharged from the modeling unit 1. Usually, a modeling material is discharged with respect to the solid substance 4 from the modeling part 1 as a melt formed by heating. If the solidified material 4 has heat resistance with respect to the modeling material discharged from the modeling unit 1, the solidified material 4 is less likely to be deformed or modified by heat, and the horizontal plane formed from the solid material 4 is easily maintained.

液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3の固化物4は、製造された立体物が容易に剥離するものであることが好ましい。固化物4がこのような特性を有すると、製造された立体物を固化物4から剥離する際に、当該立体物は不要な力を受けにくく、変形等が生じにくい。   It is preferable that the solidified material 4 of the time-solidified material 3 in a liquid or slurry form is one in which the manufactured three-dimensional object is easily peeled off. When the solidified product 4 has such characteristics, when the manufactured three-dimensional product is peeled from the solidified product 4, the three-dimensional product is unlikely to receive unnecessary force and is not easily deformed.

液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3としては、例えば、室温硬化性液状シリコーン組成物、熱硬化性液状シリコーン組成物等の液状シリコーン組成物;石膏スラリー;フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、尿素樹脂、ポリウレタン等の硬化性樹脂を含む液状組成物(例えば、硬化性樹脂と溶剤とを含む組成物);ポリオレフィン(ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ環状オレフィン等)、ポリスチレン、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリアクリロニトリル、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、エラストマー、脂肪族ポリアミド(ナイロン6、ナイロン6,6、ナイロン12、ナイロン6,12等)、芳香族ポリアミド(MXDナイロン等)、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂(ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリエチレンナフタレート樹脂等)、ポリカーボネート、ポリアセタール、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリアリーレンサルファイド(ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂等)、ポリスルフォン、ポリイミド、液晶性ポリマー(液晶ポリエステル、液晶ポリエステルアミド、液晶ポリアミド等)等の熱可塑性樹脂の融解物、熱可塑性樹脂を含む固体状組成物の溶融物、熱可塑性樹脂を含む液状組成物(例えば、熱可塑性樹脂と溶剤とを含む組成物)等が挙げられ、シリコーン系組成物、石膏スラリーが好ましく、シリコーン系組成物が好ましい。シリコーン系組成物の市販品としては、例えば、シロプレンRTV−2K 1406(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・ジャパン合同会社製)等が挙げられる。石膏スラリーの市販品としては、例えば、SLプラスター(吉野石膏(株)製)等が挙げられる。   Examples of the solidified material 3 over time in liquid or slurry form include, for example, liquid silicone compositions such as room temperature curable liquid silicone compositions and thermosetting liquid silicone compositions; gypsum slurry; phenol resins, epoxy resins, melamine resins, urea resins. Liquid compositions containing curable resins such as polyurethane (for example, compositions containing curable resins and solvents); polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene, polycyclic olefins, etc.), polystyrene, AS resin, ABS resin, polyvinyl chloride , Polyacrylonitrile, (meth) acrylic resin, cellulosic resin, elastomer, aliphatic polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 12, nylon 6,12 etc.), aromatic polyamide (MXD nylon etc.), aromatic polyester Resin (polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene Butylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, etc.), polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyphenylene ether resin, polyarylene sulfide (polyphenylene sulfide resin, etc.), polysulfone, polyimide, liquid crystalline polymer (liquid crystal polyester, liquid crystal polyester amide, liquid crystal polyamide, etc.), etc. A melt of a thermoplastic resin, a melt of a solid composition containing a thermoplastic resin, a liquid composition containing a thermoplastic resin (for example, a composition containing a thermoplastic resin and a solvent), and the like. A composition and a gypsum slurry are preferable, and a silicone composition is preferable. As a commercial item of a silicone type composition, Siloprene RTV-2K 1406 (made by Momentive Performance Materials Japan LLC) etc. are mentioned, for example. Examples of commercially available gypsum slurry include SL plaster (manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd.).

上記凹部が大面積である場合や経時固化材3の固化速度が速い場合等には、上記凹部に供給した経時固化材3の表面を平坦にならしてもよい。これにより、上記のような場合でも、経時固化材3の固化により水平面をより得やすくなる。   When the concave portion has a large area or when the solidification rate of the time-solidifying material 3 is high, the surface of the time-solidifying material 3 supplied to the concave portion may be flattened. Thereby, even in the above case, it becomes easier to obtain a horizontal plane by solidifying the solidified material 3 with time.

次に、図1(b)において、経時固化材3を固化させて固化物4を得ることにより、板状体2と板状体2の上記凹部の少なくとも一部において水平面を形成する固化物4とを含む造形台5を形成する。   Next, in FIG. 1 (b), the solidified material 4 that forms a horizontal surface in at least a part of the recesses of the plate-like body 2 and the plate-like body 2 by solidifying the solidified material 3 with time to obtain a solidified product 4. Forming table 5 is formed.

経時固化材3を固化させる方法としては、特に限定されず、経時固化材3の種類に応じて適宜選定することができ、例えば、室温で静置する方法、加熱下で静置する方法等が挙げられる。   The method for solidifying the time-solidified material 3 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of the time-solidified material 3. Examples thereof include a method of standing at room temperature and a method of standing under heating. Can be mentioned.

図1(b)又は図1(c)において、立体物製造装置6は、造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形する造形部1と、造形部1によって上記立体物が造形される造形台5とを備える。立体物製造装置6は、いわゆる3Dプリンターであり、適宜、図1には示さないフレーム、データ入力部、データ処理部等を有する。立体物製造装置6の構成としては、特に限定されず、例えば、デルタ型(パラレルリンク)3Dプリンターであっても、3軸型3Dプリンターであってもよい。   In FIG. 1B or FIG. 1C, a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 6 includes a modeling unit 1 that sequentially stacks modeling materials to model a three-dimensional object, and a modeling table on which the three-dimensional object is modeled by the modeling unit 1. 5. The three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 6 is a so-called 3D printer, and appropriately includes a frame, a data input unit, a data processing unit, and the like not shown in FIG. The configuration of the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 6 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a delta type (parallel link) 3D printer or a three-axis type 3D printer.

本実施形態において、造形工程は、図1(c)で示される工程である。造形工程では、造形部1から固化物4に造形材料を吐出して、第一層を形成し、この第一層の上に第二層以降を積層して、立体物7を製造する。上記第一層は、固化物4が有する水平面上に形成されるため、その後、造形材料を順次積層して第二層以降を形成する際に不具合が生じにくく、所望の立体物7を容易に製造することができる。   In this embodiment, a modeling process is a process shown by FIG.1 (c). In a modeling process, a modeling material is discharged from the modeling part 1 to the solidified material 4, a 1st layer is formed, a 2nd layer or later is laminated | stacked on this 1st layer, and the solid object 7 is manufactured. Since the first layer is formed on the horizontal plane of the solidified product 4, troubles are less likely to occur when forming the second layer and subsequent layers by sequentially stacking modeling materials, and the desired three-dimensional object 7 can be easily formed. Can be manufactured.

なお、図1(a)において、板状体2の凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3を供給したが、使用済みの造形台5が、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3を供給して固化物4を形成ことができる程度の深さを有する凹部を有する場合には、板状体2を用いる代わりに造形台5を用い、造形台5の凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材3を供給してもよい。このように、本実施形態においては、使用済みの造形台5を再利用することができる。   In FIG. 1A, the liquid or slurry aging solidification material 3 is supplied to at least a part of the concave portion of the plate-like body 2. However, the used modeling table 5 is liquid or slurry aging solidification. In the case of having a recess having a depth that allows the solid material 4 to be formed by supplying the material 3, at least a part of the recess of the modeling table 5 is used instead of using the plate 2. In addition, a liquid or slurry-like solidification material 3 may be supplied. Thus, in this embodiment, the used modeling stand 5 can be reused.

<立体物製造装置>
本発明に係る立体物製造装置は、造形材料を順次積層することによって立体物を製造する立体物製造装置であって、上記造形材料を順次積層して上記立体物の造形を行う造形部と、上記造形部によって上記立体物が造形される造形台と、を備え、上記造形台は、少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有し、前記造形部の作業領域内に配置された板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を供給し、前記経時固化材を固化させて固化物を得ることにより形成され、前記板状体と前記板状体の前記凹部の少なくとも一部において水平面を形成する前記固化物とを含む。本発明の実施形態に係る立体物製造装置は、図1(b)又は図1(c)に示す通り、造形部1と造形台5とを備える立体物製造装置6である。造形部1、造形台5、及び立体物製造装置6の詳細は、上記の通りである。
<Three-dimensional object manufacturing device>
The three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional object by sequentially stacking modeling materials, and a modeling unit that sequentially stacks the modeling materials to model the three-dimensional object; A modeling table on which the three-dimensional object is modeled by the modeling unit, and the modeling table has a recess in at least one main plane, and the plate-like body arranged in the work area of the modeling unit. Formed by supplying a solidified material in liquid or slurry form to at least a part of the recess and solidifying the solidified material over time to obtain a solidified product, and at least the recesses of the plate and the plate Part of the solidified product forming a horizontal plane. The three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 6 including a modeling unit 1 and a modeling table 5 as illustrated in FIG. 1B or FIG. Details of the modeling unit 1, the modeling table 5, and the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 6 are as described above.

<少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有する板状体>
本発明に係る少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有する板状体は、本発明に係る立体物製造方法又は本発明に係る立体物製造装置に用いられるものである。少なくとも一方の主平面に凹部を有する板状体の詳細は、上記の通りである。
<Plate-like body having a recess in at least one main plane>
The plate-shaped body which has a recessed part in the at least one main plane which concerns on this invention is used for the solid object manufacturing method which concerns on this invention, or the solid object manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this invention. The details of the plate-like body having a recess in at least one main plane are as described above.

<液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材又はその前駆体>
本発明に係る液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材又はその前駆体は、本発明に係る立体物製造方法又は本発明に係る立体物製造装置に用いられるものである。液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材の詳細は、上記の通りである。上記前駆体とは、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材を調製する前の原料をいう。例えば、シリコーン組成物の場合は、シリコーンと硬化触媒とが別々に包装された二液型のシリコーン組成物等が挙げられる。石膏スラリーの場合は、水に分散させる前の石膏粉末又は石膏粉末と添加剤とを含む粉末材料等が挙げられる。熱可塑性樹脂の融解物の場合は、熱で融解させる前の固体状の熱可塑性樹脂等が挙げられる。
<Liquid or slurry solidification material over time or its precursor>
The liquid or slurry-like solidified material or precursor thereof according to the present invention is used for the three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to the present invention or the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. The details of the liquid or slurry solidification material with time are as described above. The said precursor means the raw material before preparing a liquid or slurry-like solidification material with time. For example, in the case of a silicone composition, a two-pack type silicone composition in which silicone and a curing catalyst are separately packaged may be mentioned. In the case of a gypsum slurry, a gypsum powder before being dispersed in water or a powder material containing a gypsum powder and an additive may be used. In the case of a melt of a thermoplastic resin, a solid thermoplastic resin before being melted by heat is exemplified.

<凹部形成用部材>
本発明に係る凹部形成用部材は、本発明に係る立体物製造方法又は本発明に係る立体物製造装置に用いられるものであり、上記板状体又は上記造形台とともに凹部を形成するように、上記板状体又は上記造形台に取り付けられる。
以下、本発明に係る凹部形成用部材について、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、本発明の実施形態に係る凹部形成用部材の使用形態を模式的に示す図である。
<Recess forming member>
The member for forming a recess according to the present invention is used for the three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to the present invention or the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, so as to form the recess together with the plate-shaped body or the modeling table. It is attached to the plate-shaped body or the modeling table.
Hereinafter, the recess forming member according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a usage pattern of the recess forming member according to the embodiment of the present invention.

図2(a)において、凹部形成用部材8は、造形台5に取り付けられ、造形台5とともに凹部を形成する。このようにして凹部を形成することにより、使用済みの造形台5における凹部を深くすることができ、この凹部に経時固化材3を供給して固化物4を形成することのできる回数が増加するため、使用済みの造形台5を再利用する回数を増やすことができる。   In FIG. 2A, the recess forming member 8 is attached to the modeling table 5 and forms a recess together with the modeling table 5. By forming the recesses in this way, the recesses in the used modeling table 5 can be deepened, and the number of times that the solidified material 4 can be formed by supplying the solidified material 3 to the recesses increases. Therefore, the frequency | count of reusing the used modeling stand 5 can be increased.

図2(b)において、凹部形成用部材8は、造形台5に取り付けられる代わりに、板状体2に取り付けられ、板状体2とともに凹部を形成する。この場合も、図2(a)の場合と同様に、使用済みの造形台5を再利用する回数を増やすことができる。   In FIG. 2 (b), the recess forming member 8 is attached to the plate-like body 2 instead of being attached to the modeling table 5, and forms a recess together with the plate-like body 2. Also in this case, similarly to the case of FIG. 2A, the number of times of reusing the used modeling table 5 can be increased.

本発明に係る凹部形成用部材の材料としては、特に限定されず、板状体2の側面の材料と同じであっても異なってもよく、例えば、プラスチック板、テープ等が挙げられる。   The material for the recess forming member according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be the same as or different from the material for the side surface of the plate-like body 2, and examples thereof include a plastic plate and a tape.

1 造形部
2 板状体
3 経時固化材
4 固化物
5 造形台
6 立体物製造装置
7 立体物
8 凹部形成用部材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Modeling part 2 Plate-shaped body 3 Temporarily solidified material 4 Solidified material 5 Modeling table 6 Three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 7 Three-dimensional object 8 Recess formation member

Claims (7)

立体物の造形台となり、凹部を有する立体物支持部材の当該凹部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材であって、固化状態において、熱溶融された造形材料に対して耐熱性のある経時固化材を供給する供給工程と、
前記凹部に供給された前記経時固化材を固化させて水平面を形成する水平面形成工程と、
前記水平面に対し、熱溶融された前記造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形する造形工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする立体物製造方法。
A three-dimensional object is a solid base, and a solid or solid-state solidifying material in the concave portion of the three-dimensional object supporting member having a concave portion, and in the solidified state, the solidified material has heat resistance with respect to the heat-melted modeling material. A supply process for supplying materials;
A horizontal plane forming step of solidifying the time-solidified material supplied to the recess to form a horizontal plane;
A modeling process for forming a three-dimensional object by sequentially laminating the modeling material that has been thermally melted with respect to the horizontal plane,
A three-dimensional object manufacturing method comprising:
前記立体物支持部材が前記造形工程における造形の作業領域内に固定して配置されたものである請求項1に記載の立体物製造方法。 The three- dimensional object manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional object support member is fixedly arranged in a modeling work area in the modeling process. 前記水平面形成工程において、前記立体物支持部材の前記凹部には固化状態の前記経時固化材が含まれ、当該凹部の少なくとも一部に前記経時固化材を供給する請求項1又は2に記載の立体物製造方法。 The three-dimensional object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in the horizontal plane forming step , the concave portion of the three-dimensional object support member includes the solidified material with time, which is solidified, and supplies the solidified material with time to at least a part of the concave portion. Manufacturing method. 造形材料を順次積層することによって立体物を製造する立体物製造装置であって、
立体物の造形台となり、凹部を有する立体物支持部材と、
前記立体物支持部材の前記凹部に、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材であって、固化状態において、熱溶融された造形材料に対して耐熱性のある経時固化材を供給する供給部と、
前記立体物支持部材に対し、熱溶融された前記造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形する造形部と、
を備え、
前記造形部は、前記経時固化材が固化されて前記立体物支持部材の前記凹部に形成された水平面に対し、熱溶融された前記造形材料を順次積層して立体物を造形することを特徴とする立体物製造装置。
A three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional object by sequentially stacking modeling materials,
It becomes a modeling base for a three-dimensional object, and a three-dimensional object supporting member having a recess,
A supply unit that supplies a solidified material in a liquid or slurry form to the concave portion of the three-dimensional object support member, and in the solidified state, supplies a solidified material with heat resistance to a thermally melted modeling material;
For the three-dimensional object support member, a modeling part that sequentially stacks the heat-melted modeling material to model a three-dimensional object;
With
The modeling unit is configured to form a three-dimensional object by sequentially laminating the modeling material that is thermally melted on a horizontal plane formed in the concave portion of the three-dimensional object support member by solidifying the solidified material over time. A three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus.
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の立体物製造方法又は請求項4に記載の立体物製造装置に用いられる、前記凹部を有する立体物支持部材The three-dimensional object support member which has the said recessed part used for the three-dimensional object manufacturing method of any one of Claim 1 to 3, or the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus of Claim 4. 請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の立体物製造方法又は請求項4に記載の立体物製造装置に用いられる、液状又はスラリー状の経時固化材又はその前駆体。   A liquid or slurry solidified material or precursor thereof used in the three-dimensional object manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4. 請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の立体物製造方法又は請求項4に記載の立体物製造装置に用いられる凹部形成用部材であって、前記立体物支持部材又は前記造形台とともに凹部を形成するように、前記立体物支持部材又は前記造形台に取り付けられる凹部形成用部材。 It is a member for recessed part formation used for the solid thing manufacturing method of any one of Claims 1-3, or the solid thing manufacturing apparatus of Claim 4, Comprising: It is a recessed part with the said solid object support member or the said modeling stand. A member for forming recesses attached to the three-dimensional object support member or the modeling table so as to form an object .
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