JP6334923B2 - Dust separator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust separator technology that combines a fixed cyclone and a rotating cyclone to efficiently separate and remove fine particles such as dust from a gas such as exhaust gas using the principle of a cyclone.

  Cyclone dust collectors are a technology that separates dust from dust-containing air and dust-containing exhaust gas by using centrifugal force to separate fine particles (floating particles) such as dust using centrifugal force.

  The cyclone dust collector causes dust-containing air and dust-containing exhaust gas to flow in from the tangential direction of the cylindrical container to cause a swirling motion in the inflowing dust-containing air and dust-containing exhaust gas. And fine particles such as dust are separated and removed.

  The cyclone dust collector is a structure that swirls dust-containing air and dust-containing exhaust gas along the stationary inner wall surface fixed to the cylindrical container, and sediments fine particles (dust particles and floating microparticles) on the stationary inner wall surface by centrifugal force. .

  However, the cyclone dust collector is generally a fixed cyclone in which the cylindrical inner wall surface of the cylindrical container is stationary (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Since the inner wall surface of the cylindrical container is stationary like a fixed cyclone, the rotational speed of the dust-containing air and dust-containing exhaust gas decreases rapidly in the vicinity of the fixed stationary inner wall surface. Centrifugal dust collection effect is significantly reduced, which is a major cause of lowering dust collection efficiency.

  Further, in the cyclone dust collector, a rotating cyclone mist separator is provided in a box-shaped main body case, and a porous bottomed outer cylinder is rotatably provided as an inner drum, and a cylinder forming an exhaust gas flow path is accommodated in the outer cylinder. There is. This mist separator is a technique for collecting oil mist and dust contained in exhaust gas.

JP 2013-31820 A JP 2009-189965 A JP 2006-43534 A

  As described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in a cyclone dust collector equipped with a fixed cyclone, the cylindrical inner wall surface of the fixed cyclone is stationary and constitutes a fixed non-rotating stationary inner wall surface. For this reason, the rotational speed of dust-containing exhaust gas and dust-containing air rapidly decreases in the vicinity of the stationary inner wall surface of the fixed cyclone, and the centrifugal dust collection effect in the area near the wall surface that does not exist decreases. It was. In this type of stationary cyclone, for example, the collection efficiency of fine particles having a size of 5 μm to 8 μm or less has been reduced.

  Further, the cyclone dust collector described in Patent Document 3 includes a rotating cyclone that rotatably accommodates an inner drum having a porous outer cylinder, and the rotating cyclone has a porous bottomed outer cylinder. It is necessary to form a large number of fins between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and to install multiple blades on the upper part of the rotating shaft. This makes the configuration of the cyclone dust collector complicated and difficult to assemble. It takes a long time.

  Furthermore, in the cyclone dust collector described in Patent Document 3, there is no idea or idea of adjusting and controlling the speed of the inner wall surface of the inner drum that constitutes the rotating cyclone in relation to the swirling speed with the dust-containing exhaust gas or the dust-containing air. .

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances. A combination of a stationary cyclone and a rotating cyclone rotates the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cyclone cylindrical portion at a required speed, and finely removes dust from exhaust gas and dust-containing air. An object of the present invention is to provide a dust separator technology that efficiently separates particles and improves the collection efficiency of fine particles.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the dust separator according to the present invention is provided in the upper part of the main body case, and is provided below the fixed cyclone with a fixed cyclone into which dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air flows from the tangential direction. A rotating cyclone and a drive motor that drives the rotary cyclone to rotate about a rotary shaft, and the stationary cyclone includes an outer cylinder portion into which the dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air flows, and an inside of the rotary cyclone. An inner cylinder part for guiding exhaust gas separated and removed by centrifugal action from dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air, the inner cylinder part projecting downward in the outer cylinder part, and the cylinder of the rotating cyclone the portion, terminating in axial length 1/2 2/3 range of the cylindrical portion, open and, and said rotary cyclone sleeve-like cylindrical portion and the frusto-conical inverted cone section A dust collection chamber for collecting fine particles separated and removed from the dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air by centrifugal force action using a cyclone principle is provided below the inverted conical portion. Is.

Moreover, in order to solve the above-described problem, a dust separator according to the present invention includes a plurality of dust separators according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , and the plurality of dust separators are arranged on the fixed cyclone. The outflow duct is connected to the inflow duct of the next-stage stationary cyclone and is configured in a multistage shape in series.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the waste treatment plant according to the present invention flows in a combustor that burns industrial waste and household waste, and dust-containing exhaust gas burned in the combustor. A dust separator that separates fine dust by centrifugal action using the cyclone principle to dust-containing exhaust gas, and exhaust that separates fine particles by the dust separator, sucks the removed exhaust gas, and releases it to the atmosphere A dust separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used as the dust separator.

  In the present invention, fine particles from dusty exhaust gas or dusty air can be efficiently separated and recovered by centrifugal force action using the cyclone principle by a dust separator combining a fixed cyclone and a rotating cyclone. And the collection efficiency of fine particles can be improved.

  In particular, the dust separator uses a rotating cyclone combined with a stationary cyclone, and the inner peripheral wall surface speed of the cylindrical part of the rotating cyclone is adjusted and controlled so as to match the swirl flow speed of dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air. The collection efficiency of fine particles (floating particles) can be improved without reducing the centrifugal dust collection effect in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cyclone.

The whole block diagram of the waste treatment plant provided with the dust separator. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 1st Embodiment of the dust separator which combined the fixed cyclone and the rotation cyclone. The top view of the dust separator shown by FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the cyclone which collects fine particles from dust-containing exhaust gas (dust-containing air) within the fixed cyclone of a dust separator. The figure which shows the collection rate curve A (fine particle classification) of the fine particle which shows the example of the dust separator which consists only of a fixed cyclone. Explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the cyclone which collects fine particles from the dust-containing exhaust gas (dust-containing air) within the rotation cyclone of a dust separator. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the dust separator which combined the fixed cyclone and the rotation cyclone. The top view of the dust separator shown by FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lower part support structure of the rotation cyclone of the dust separator shown by FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the dust separator which combined the fixed cyclone and the rotation cyclone. The top view of the dust separator shown by FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a waste treatment plant equipped with a dust separator according to the present invention.

  The waste treatment plant 10 includes a combustor 11 that burns waste such as industrial waste and household waste using fuel such as heavy oil, and a high temperature burned in the combustor 11, for example, 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. A cooler 12 for cooling the dust-containing exhaust gas (using cooling water), a flow meter 13 for measuring the gas flow rate of the dust-containing exhaust gas cooled to about 300 ° C. by the cooler 12, and A dust meter 14 for measuring the amount of dust particles of suspended fine particles (fine particles) such as dust contained therein, a dust separator 15 that collects and separates dust particles in dust-containing exhaust gas by applying centrifugal force, and the dust separator The dust particles are separated in 15 and the dust meter 16 for measuring the amount of residual dust particles remaining in the removed exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas from which the dust particles have been removed by the dust separator 15 are sucked to support clean exhaust gas. And a exhaust fan 17 to release to the atmosphere via a Streptococcus 18. The dust separated by the dust separator 15 and separated and removed, the temperature of the exhaust gas drops to, for example, about 250 ° C. and is released into the atmosphere.

[First Embodiment]
2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the dust separator 15 according to the present invention. The dust separator 15 is a separator dust collector that separates and removes suspended fine particles (fine particles) such as dust from the dust-containing exhaust gas. The dust separator 15 is configured by vertically combining a fixed cyclone 19 having a lid-like fixed drum shape with an open lower end and a rotary drum-shaped rotary cyclone 20. The dust separator 15 has a main body case 21 that has a width, depth, and height of main appearance specifications of 700 mm × 700 mm × 2500 mm as an example, and is assembled into a cylindrical casing structure or a frame structure. The main body case 21 has a fixed cyclone 19 at the upper part, and a rotating cyclone 20 is rotatably provided at the lower part of the fixed cyclone 19. The fixed cyclone 19 is formed into a covered drum shape by, for example, steel plate can making to an outer diameter of about 460 mmφ and a height of about 300 mm.

  A drive motor 22 is installed on the top of the stationary cyclone 19. The drive motor 22 is a variable speed motor driven by an inverter (not shown) by a CPU 23 (FIG. 1) as a controller, and the motor shaft of the drive motor 22 is a rotary shaft 24 directly or via a universal joint (not shown). The rotary shaft 24 is driven to rotate. The CPU 23 measures the flow rate of the dust-containing exhaust gas with the flow meter 13 and adjusts and controls the motor rotation amount of the drive motor 22 according to the measured flow rate of the flow meter 13 as described later.

  In addition, a dust collection chamber 25 that collects dust particles separated and removed from the dust-containing exhaust gas by the centrifugal force action of the rotary cyclone 20 is formed below the dust separator 15. The dust collection chamber 25 may be detachably stored in the main body case 21.

  The exhaust gas from which the dust particles are separated and removed by the dust separator 15 is sucked by the intake negative pressure accompanying the motor drive of the exhaust fan 17. The exhaust gas sucked into the exhaust fan 17 is provided with a dust meter 16 in the middle, and after the amount of residual dust particles is measured by the dust meter 16 (FIG. 1), the exhaust fan 17 sets the temperature to about 250 ° C., for example. And released into the atmosphere.

  On the other hand, the rotating shaft 24 from the drive motor 22 provided in the dust separator 15 extends through the stationary cyclone 19 into the rotating cyclone 20, as shown in FIG. Both ends of the lower end are rotatably supported by bearings 31 and 32. In the intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 24, cross supports 33 and 34 having a cross frame shape in plan view are integrally provided at the upper and lower portions in the axial direction. The rotary shaft 24 is fixed to the sleeve-like cylindrical portion (body portion) 43 and the truncated conical inverted conical portion 44 of the rotary cyclone 20 by the cross supports 33 and 34. Thus, the rotary cyclone 20 is driven to rotate around the rotary shaft 24 by the motor drive of the drive motor 22.

  The rotating cyclone 20 is open so that the lower end faces the dust collecting chamber 25 of the main body case 21, and collects fine dust particles separated and settled by the fixed cyclone 19 and the rotating cyclone 20 in the dust collecting chamber 25. ing.

  Further, in the dust separator 15 as a cyclone dust collector, the outer cyclone portion 36 in which the fixed cyclone 19 is sleeve-shaped or cylindrical drum-shaped and the inner cylindrical portion 37 that forms the exhaust gas outflow guide tube are configured concentrically. The gap between the inner and outer cylinders of the fixed cyclone 19 forms an upper dust collection area 38, and the exhaust gas inlet 40 of the inflow duct 39 from the tangential direction is open to the upper dust collection area 38. The exhaust gas inlet 40 of the inflow duct 39 has a rectangular vertically long opening, and is configured to have an inlet width of 125 mm × height of about 250 mm, for example.

  Further, the inner cylindrical portion 37 of the dust separator 15 as a cyclone dust collector protrudes downward from the outer cylindrical portion 36 and terminates in the middle of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion or the trunk portion 43 of the rotating cyclone 20. The projecting amount of the inner cylindrical portion 37 of the fixed cyclone 19 is terminated and opened in the vicinity of ½ of the axial length of the sleeve-like cylindrical portion 43, preferably in the range of ½ to 2/3.

  The lower part of the fixed cyclone 19 is fitted to the top of the rotating cyclone 20 with an inlay portion, and a minute gap, for example, a gap of about several mm (2 mm) is formed in the fitting portion along the circumferential direction. The axial length (overlapping width) of the overlapping portions formed in the stationary cyclone 19 and the rotating cyclone 20 is, for example, about 20 mm. In the rotating cyclone 20, the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 is formed of a steel plate having an outer diameter of about 500 mm × height of about 460 mm and a thickness of about 1.6 mm, and the inverted conical portion 44 extending downward from the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 has a high height. The inclination angle of the inverted conical portion 44 is set to 11 degrees. The rotational cyclone 20 is rotationally adjusted by the drive motor 22 so that the rotational speed is variable from 500 to 1000 rpm, for example, about 600 rpm on average. Specifically, the rotary cyclone 20 forms a lower dust collection area 45 of dust-containing exhaust gas, and the rotational speed of the exhaust gas guided in the lower dust collection area 45 is the rotational circumference of the inner peripheral wall of the rotary cyclone 20. It is set to be equal to the speed.

  The rotating cyclone 20 constitutes a lower dust collection area 45 below the upper dust collection area 38 of the stationary cyclone 19. The lower dust collection area 45 formed in the rotating cyclone 20 is such that the inner peripheral wall itself is rotated at a required rotational speed (peripheral speed). At this point, the inner peripheral wall is stationary like the fixed cyclone 19. Different from the non-rotating cylindrical inner wall surface.

  In the dust separator 15 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the exhaust gas flow rate of the dust-containing exhaust gas from the combustor 11 is measured by the flow meter 13, and the measurement result of the exhaust gas flow rate is arithmetically processed by the CPU 23 which is a controller. The CPU 23 adjusts and sets the motor rotation speed of the drive motor 22. The CPU 23 controls the motor rotation speed of the drive motor 22 so that the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing into the fixed cyclone 19 of the dust separator 15 becomes a spiral swirling flow in the dust separator 15 of the cyclone dust collector, for example, at a wind speed of 15 m / sec. , The swirl flow velocity of the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing in the rotary cyclone 20 is equal to the peripheral velocity of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 of the rotary cyclone 20 so as to include the rotational inner peripheral wall 47 in the rotary cyclone 20. The motor rotation speed of the drive motor 22 is adjusted and set so that the relative speed with respect to the turning speed of the dust exhaust gas becomes zero.

  Dust-containing exhaust gas from the combustor 11 flows into the fixed cyclone 19 of the dust separator 15 from the exhaust gas inlet 40 of the inflow duct 39, and turns into a swirl flow of, for example, 15 m / sec in the upper dust collection area 38 of the fixed cyclone 19. It flows in a clockwise direction (or counterclockwise).

[Operation of First Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 4, the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing into the fixed cyclone 19 has a drag R against the centrifugal force F in the fixed cyclone 19 from the stationary (fixed) inner peripheral wall 41 of the outer cylinder portion 36. The boundary surface S is formed in the upper dust collection area 38 in the vicinity of the stationary inner peripheral wall by the opposing forces of the centrifugal force F and the drag R. Due to the presence of this boundary surface S, fine particles (for example, particles of 8 μm or less) contained in the dust-containing exhaust gas are bounced back at the boundary surface S, and the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas is generated in the lower dust collection region 45 of the rotating cyclone 20. Led to. When a dust separator is comprised only by a fixed cyclone as an example, this dust separator is represented by the collection efficiency curve A shown in FIG. For example, the collection rate of fine particles of 8 μm is about 50%. The boundary surface S formed in the upper dust collection area 38 is not necessarily constant according to the magnitude of the swirling flow caused by the dust-containing exhaust gas, but changes in the radial direction according to the amount of exhaust gas.

  On the other hand, in the rotary cyclone 20, the motor drive of the drive motor 22 is adjusted by the CPU 23 according to the dust-containing exhaust gas flow rate, and as shown in FIG. 6, the peripheral speed V of the sleeve-like cylindrical portion 43 of the rotary cyclone 20 It is adjusted and set to be equal to the swirl flow velocity v of the exhaust gas. Therefore, the relative velocity difference between the rotating inner peripheral wall (sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43) of the rotating cyclone 20 and the swirling flow velocity of the dust-containing exhaust gas is formed to be zero when V≈v. Specifically, the swirl flow velocity v of the dust-containing exhaust gas in contact with the rotating inner peripheral wall 47 of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 of the rotating cyclone 20 is such that the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 of the rotating cyclone 20 and the dust-containing exhaust gas (fine particles P) The relative speed difference of the swirling flow speed v is adjusted and set to be zero (V≈v).

  For this reason, in the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas (fine particles P) guided to the lower dust collection area 45 of the rotating cyclone 20, the relative speed difference between the swirling flow and the inner peripheral wall surface of the rotating cyclone 20 becomes substantially zero. Therefore, it is difficult to receive a drag from the rotating inner peripheral wall surface. Accordingly, the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas does not form or has a small boundary surface S in the middle as in the upper dust collection region 38. In the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas guided to the lower dust collection region 45, the fine particles P can also reach the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20, and the fine particles P are separated by receiving the centrifugal force action by the cyclone principle. And contributes to the trapping action.

  In addition, since the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas is a spiral downward flow, a downward force is applied, and the collected fine particles P are held by the rotation inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotary cyclone 20 and the rotation inner peripheral wall. Descends along 47. At this time, the rotating inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20 rotates at a peripheral speed V at which the relative speed difference from the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas becomes substantially zero, so that the drag force that the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas receives from the rotating inner peripheral wall 47. Becomes almost zero, and the collected fine particles P are subjected to a centrifugal force action along the rotating inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20, and are smoothly lowered and dropped.

  Moreover, the rotation inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotary cyclone 20 has a length in the axial direction of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion (inner peripheral portion) 43 that is substantially equal to or larger than the diameter of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43. The swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas swirls in the lower dust collection area 45 a plurality of times, for example, three times or more. The length of the swirling flow path due to the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas can be increased. While passing through the long swirling flow path, the dust-containing exhaust gas is subjected to the centrifugal force action in the vicinity of the rotating inner peripheral wall so that the fine particles P are rotated. It is pressed to the 47 side, separated, and collected efficiently.

  Moreover, although the lower end part of the inverted conical part 44 is open | released, the exhaust cyclone does not flow out from this lower end opening. The swirl flow (spiral downward flow) of the exhaust gas swirling in the lower dust collection area 45 of the rotating cyclone 20 is reversed in the vicinity of the upper portion (inlet) of the inverted conical portion 44 to become an inward flow, and the inner cylinder of the fixed cyclone 19 It is sucked into the part 37. An intake negative pressure from the exhaust fan 17 acts on the inner cylinder portion 37 of the fixed cyclone 19, and the swirling flow of the exhaust gas is caused to collect dust in the lower part of the rotary cyclone 20 by the action of the intake negative pressure by the exhaust fan 17. It reverses in the middle of the region 45 and is sucked into the inner cylinder part 37.

  For this reason, even if the lower end of the rotating cyclone 20 is opened, the exhaust gas does not flow out from the lower end opening, and the atmosphere can be prevented from flowing in. The lower dust collection region 45 of the rotating cyclone 20 is maintained in a static pressure state in the inverted conical portion 44, and does not cause vortex flow in the separated collected fine particles, and falls smoothly by gravity, and opens at the lower end. And collected in the dust collection chamber 25.

  On the other hand, the exhaust gas in which the rotary cyclone 20 is sucked into the inner cylinder portion 37 of the fixed cyclone 19 rises in the inner cylinder portion 37 by the negative intake pressure as shown in FIG. 2, and enters the plenum-like muffler chamber 48 at the top. Then, the air is sucked into the exhaust fan 17 from the exhaust gas outlet 49 of the muffler chamber 48 through the outflow duct 50. The outflow duct 50 is provided with a dust meter 16 on the way to measure the amount of residual dust contained in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas sucked into the exhaust fan 17 is discharged from the fan delivery port and released into the atmosphere.

[Effect of the first embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the dust separator 15 includes a rotating cyclone 20 below the stationary cyclone 19, and the dust-containing exhaust gas guided by the rotating cyclone 20 spirals downward in the rotating dust collection area 45. The rotational peripheral speed of the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotary cyclone 20 becomes equal to the rotational flow speed of the dust-containing exhaust gas (the rotational speed of the dust-containing exhaust gas in contact with the inner peripheral wall 47), and the relative rotational speed (rotational speed difference). ) Is adjusted and set by the drive motor 22 so that it becomes zero. Therefore, the fine particles in the dust-containing exhaust gas swirling in the rotating dust collection area 45 are effectively separated from the exhaust gas by receiving a downward acting force by the spiral downward swirling flow while receiving the centrifugal force effect. The separated fine particles descend and fall along the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20, and are efficiently recovered in the dust recovery chamber 25 separated and removed from the exhaust gas. At that time, since the dust-containing exhaust gas becomes a spiral swirl flow in the rotary dust collection area 45 of the rotary cyclone 20, the separation and removal action of fine particles is continued while receiving centrifugal force and downward action force. Fine particles are efficiently separated and removed. Regardless of the size of the fine particles, fine particles having a fine particle size of, for example, 8 μm or less can be separated and removed more efficiently than conventional dust separators.

[Modification of First Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, an example in which one dust separator 15 is provided in the waste treatment plant 10 is shown. However, a predetermined amount or more of residual dust is included in the exhaust gas of the outflow duct 50 flowing out from the dust separator 15. In this case, a cyclone dust collector having a multistage dust separator configuration in which a plurality of dust separators (for example, two or more stages) are connected may be used.

  In this cyclone dust collector, if the exhaust gas flowing out from the outflow duct 50 of the first stage dust separator 15 contains more than a predetermined amount of residual dust, the second and subsequent stage dust separators are disposed downstream of the dust separator 15. The waste treatment plant 10 may be configured as a cyclonic dust collector in which a plurality of dust separators 15 and 15 are connected in series to form a multistage structure, and the multistage dust separators 15 and 15 are combined.

  In the cyclone dust collector shown in the modified example, since the dust separators 15 and 15 are connected in a multistage structure, fine particles having a finer particle diameter can be separated and removed from the dust-containing exhaust gas.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  7 to 9 show a dust separator according to the second embodiment. In the description of the dust separator 15A, the same components as those of the dust separator 15 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified. The dust separator 15A of the second embodiment is different from the dust separator 15 shown in the first embodiment in the support structure of the rotating cyclone 20A.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the rotating cyclone 20 </ b> A of the dust separator 15 </ b> A is supported on the top of the fixed cyclone 19 by a suspension bearing 55 such as a thrust bearing at the top of the rotating shaft 24 from the drive motor 22. The rotating cyclone 20A is rotatably supported by the cross supports 33 and 34 on the visual cross-shaped frame. The rotating cyclone 20A is fixed to the rotating shaft 24 via the cross supports 33 and 34 at the lower portion of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 and the inverted conical inverted cone portion 44. Accordingly, the rotary cyclone 20A is driven to rotate by the drive motor 22 in the same manner as the rotary cyclone 20 described in the first embodiment.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a ring-shaped fixed race 56 is fixed to the lower end portion of the rotating cyclone 20 </ b> A, and this fixed race 56 is contacted and supported by a swinging roller 57. For example, three of the anti-roll rollers 57 are in stable rotational contact with the outer periphery of the lower end of the rotating cyclone 20A at equal intervals to prevent the rotating cyclone 20A from swinging. The anti-roll roller 57 is, for example, an outer race of a ball bearing, and is rotatably supported by the partition plate 60 by fastening means such as a fastening bolt 59 .

[Operation of Second Embodiment]
Also in the dust separator 15 </ b> A shown in the second embodiment, the rotating cyclone 20 </ b> A is stably driven by the drive motor 22 by the rotating shaft 24 and the cross supports 33 and 34, similarly to the dust separator 15 shown in the first embodiment. Driven by rotation. The rotational speed V of the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20A is equal to the swirling flow speed v of the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing in the lower dust collection area 45 (the swirling flow speed of the dust-containing exhaust gas in contact with the rotating inner peripheral wall 47). Is set to zero. For this reason, the fine particles P in the dust-containing exhaust gas are subjected to the centrifugal force associated with the swirling flow and the downward acting force associated with the spiral downward flow, as shown in FIG. 6, and the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cyclone 20A. It is pressed to 47 side.

  Since the dust-containing exhaust gas is swirled in the lower dust collection area (rotary dust collection area) 45 in the rotary cyclone 20A a plurality of times spirally, the fine particles P receive the centrifugal force and the downward acting force for a long time. Effectively separated. The separated fine particles P descend from the inner peripheral wall 47 of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 of the rotating cyclone 20A along the inner peripheral wall of the reverse conical portion 44, and smoothly enter the dust collection chamber 25 from the lower end opening of the reverse conical portion 44. Collected.

  Also in the second embodiment, when the collection efficiency of fine particles is not sufficient with one dust separator 15A, a plurality of dust separators 15A are connected in multiple stages to constitute a cyclone dust collector having a multistage dust separator 15A. May be.

[Effects of Second Embodiment]
Also in the dust separator 15A of the second embodiment, the dust-containing exhaust gas is caused by a spiral downward swirling flow in which a centrifugal force and a downward acting force work in the lower dust collection area (rotary dust collection area) 45 in the rotary cyclone 20A. The fine particles P are effectively separated from the dust-containing exhaust gas. The separated fine particles P descend along the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cyclone 20A, and are smoothly dropped into the dust collecting chamber 25 by the gravity action from the inverted conical portion 44 and collected.

[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  10 and 11 show a dust separator according to the third embodiment. In the description of the dust separator 15B, the same components as those of the dust separator 15A shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  The dust separator 15B shown in the third embodiment is different from the dust separator 15A shown in the second embodiment in the motor drive structure of the drive motor 22A.

  In the dust separator 15 </ b> B shown in the third embodiment, the drive motor 22 </ b> A installed at the top of the stationary cyclone 19 is obtained by rotating the rotary shaft 24 via the V-belt type power transmission mechanism 65. In this respect, as shown in the second embodiment, the driving motor 22 of the dust separator 15A is different from that in which the rotating shaft 24 is driven to rotate directly or via a universal joint.

  A drive pulley 66 is provided on the motor shaft 22a of the drive motor 22A installed on the top of the fixed cyclone 19, and this drive pulley 66 is driven by a driven pulley 68 provided on the rotary shaft 24 via a V belt 67 with a motor driving force. Is transmitted, and the rotary shaft 24 is rotationally driven.

Further, the spiral air guide plate 70 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical portion 37 of the fixed cyclone 19 by fixing means such as welding. The spiral wind guide plate 70 guides the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing into the stationary cyclone 19 from the exhaust gas inlet 40 so as to form a spiral downward flow along the spiral wind guide plate 70. The lower end of the spiral air guide plate 70 terminates at a position substantially equal to the lower end of the inner cylinder portion 37. A gap of several mm, for example, about 2 mm to 5 mm, is formed between the outer peripheral side of the spiral air guide plate 70 and the rotating inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20A.

  In the dust separator 15B shown in the third embodiment, the rotary shaft 24 for rotating the rotary cyclone 20A is driven by the motor driving force of the drive motor 22A via the V-belt type power transmission mechanism 65. It is not necessary to arrange the drive motor 22A on the shaft axis of the rotary shaft 24, and the degree of freedom of arrangement of the drive motor 22A can be improved.

  In the third embodiment, an example in which the rotating shaft 24 of the dust separator 15B and thus the rotating cyclone 20B is driven via the V-belt type power transmission mechanism 65 has been described. A motor driving force may be transmitted via a power transmission device such as a power transmission mechanism or a gear power transmission mechanism. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 71 is a bearing box, and reference numeral 72 is a bearing.

[Operation of Third Embodiment]
Also in the dust separator 15B of the third embodiment, similarly to the dust separator 15A of the second embodiment, the rotational speed of the rotating cyclone 20A is adjusted and controlled by the CPU 23, and the sleeve-like cylindrical portion (body portion) of the rotating cyclone 20A is adjusted. 43, the rotational speed V of the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating dust collecting area 45 in the rotating cyclone 20B spirally flows in the spiral downward direction v (the rotational speed V of the dusted exhaust gas in contact with the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20A). And the relative speed difference is set to be zero.

  Therefore, in the dust separator 15B of the third embodiment, similarly to the dust separator 15A shown in the second embodiment, the rotary cyclone 20A is stably driven by the drive motor 22A by the rotary shaft 24 and the cross supports 33 and 34. Driven by rotation. The rotational speed V of the inner peripheral wall 47 of the rotating cyclone 20A is equal to the swirling flow velocity v of the dust-containing exhaust gas flowing in the lower dust collection region 45 (the swirling flow speed of the dust-containing exhaust gas in contact with the rotating inner peripheral wall 47). It is adjusted and set to zero. Since the swirling flow velocity is controlled at a constant speed by the spiral air guide plate 70, the fine particles P in the dust-containing exhaust gas are accompanied by the centrifugal force accompanying the swirling flow and the spiral downward flow, as shown in FIG. The downward acting force acts and is stably and strongly pressed against the inner peripheral wall 47 side of the rotating cyclone 20A.

  At that time, while the dust-containing exhaust gas swirls in the lower dust collection area (rotary dust collection area) 45 in the rotary cyclone 20A a plurality of times spirally, the fine particles P receive a centrifugal force and a downward acting force for a long time. Therefore, it is effectively separated from the exhaust gas. The separated fine particles P descend from the inner peripheral wall 47 of the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion 43 of the rotating cyclone 20A along the inner peripheral wall of the reverse conical portion 44, and smoothly enter the dust collection chamber 25 from the lower end opening of the reverse conical portion 44. Collected.

  Also in the third embodiment, when the collection efficiency of fine particles is not sufficient with one dust separator 15B, a plurality of dust separators 15B are connected in multiple stages to constitute a cyclone dust collector having a multistage dust separator 15B. May be.

[Effect of the third embodiment]
Also in the dust separator 15B of the third embodiment, the dust-containing exhaust gas is generated by a spiral downward swirling flow in which a centrifugal force and a downward acting force work in the lower dust collection area (rotary dust collection area) 45 in the rotary cyclone 20B. The fine particles P are effectively separated from the dust-containing exhaust gas. The separated fine particles P descend along the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cyclone 20B, and are smoothly dropped into the dust collecting chamber 25 by the gravity action from the inverted conical portion 44 and collected.

  In each embodiment, since the dust separator is configured by combining a stationary cyclone and a rotating cyclone, fine particles of 6 to 8 ppm or less are obtained by centrifugal force action using the cyclone principle from dusty exhaust gas or dusty air. Can be efficiently separated and recovered. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for the separation and collection of fine particles, and is considered to be suitable for the separation and collection of fine particles such as PM2.5 floating particles which are a problem.

  As mentioned above, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Waste treatment plant, 11 ... Combustor, 12 ... Cooler, 13 ... Flow meter, 14 ... Dust meter, 15, 15A, 15B ... Dust separator (cyclone dust collector), 16 ... Dust meter, 17
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Exhaust fan, 18 ... Silencer, 19 ... Fixed cyclone, 20, 20A, 20B ... Rotary cyclone, 21 ... Main body case, 22 ... Drive motor, 23 ... CPU (controller), 24 ... Rotary shaft, 25 ... Dust collection chamber, 31, 32 ... Bearings, 33, 34 ... Cross support, 36 ... Outer cylinder part , 37 ... Inner cylinder part , 38 ... Upper dust collection area (rotary dust collection area), 39 ... Inflow duct, 40 ... Exhaust gas inlet, 41 ... Stationary inner peripheral wall (fixed inner peripheral wall), 43 ... Sleeve-shaped cylindrical part (body part), 44 ... Reverse conical part, 45 ... Lower dust collecting area (rotating dust collecting area), 47 ... Rotating inner peripheral wall, 48 ... Muffler chamber, 49 ... exhaust gas outlet, 50 ... outlet duct, 55 ... hanging bearing, 56 ... stationary race, 57 ... Futome roller (ball bearings), 59 ... tightening bolt (clamping means), 60 ... partition plate, 65 V-belt type power transmission mechanism, 66 ... drive pulley, 67 ... V belt, 68 ... driven pulley, 70 ... helical baffle plates.

Claims (7)

A fixed cyclone provided in the upper part of the main body case, into which dusty exhaust gas or dusty air flows from the tangential direction;
A rotating cyclone provided below the fixed cyclone;
A drive motor that drives the rotation cyclone to rotate around the rotation axis;
The stationary cyclone guides the discharge of exhaust gas separated and removed by the centrifugal force action from the dusty exhaust gas or dusty air in the rotary cyclone and the outer cylinder part into which the dusty exhaust gas or dusty air flows. With an inner cylinder,
The inner cylindrical portion projects downward in the outer cylindrical portion, and terminates in the cylindrical portion of the rotating cyclone in a range of 1/2 to 2/3 of the axial length of the cylindrical portion, and is open.
The rotating cyclone integrally includes a sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion and a frustoconical inverted conical portion,
A dust separator comprising a dust collection chamber for collecting fine particles separated and removed from the dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air by centrifugal force action using a cyclone principle below the inverted conical portion. A flow meter for measuring the flow rate of dusty exhaust gas or dusty air flowing into the stationary cyclone;
A CPU for calculating the rotational drive amount of the drive motor from the flow rate of the dusty exhaust gas or dusty air measured by the flow meter,
The CPU controls the drive motor to a variable speed so that the flow velocity of the swirling flow of the dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-containing air spirally swirling in the rotating cyclone matches the inner peripheral wall surface speed of the cylindrical portion of the rotating cyclone. 2. The dust separator according to claim 1, wherein the dust separator is controlled and controlled. The rotating cyclone is configured such that the axial length of the cylindrical portion is equal to or larger than the diameter of the cylindrical portion,
The dust separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a swirl flow of dust-containing exhaust gas or dust-bearing air swirls downward spirally a plurality of times within the cylindrical portion of the rotating cyclone. The inner cylindrical portion of the fixed cyclone is connected to the suction port of the exhaust fan via an outflow duct,
The dust separator according to claim 1, wherein an intake negative pressure of the exhaust fan is applied to an inner cylinder portion of a fixed cyclone. The outer cylindrical portion of the stationary cyclone is inserted into the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion of the rotating cyclone, and is fitted with a small circumferential gap formed between the sleeve-shaped cylindrical portion and the outer cylindrical portion of the stationary cyclone. The dust separator according to claim 1. A plurality of dust separators according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a fixed cyclone and a rotating cyclone, wherein the plurality of dust separators have a fixed cyclone in which the outflow duct of the fixed cyclone is a next stage. A dust separator, characterized in that it is connected to an inflow duct and is configured in a multistage series. A combustor that burns industrial waste and household waste,
A dust separator that separates the fine dust by the centrifugal force action using the principle of cyclone into the dust-containing exhaust gas, and the dust-containing exhaust gas burned in this combustor;
An exhaust fan that separates fine particles with the dust separator and sucks the removed exhaust gas and discharges it into the atmosphere;
A waste treatment plant, wherein the dust separator is the dust separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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