JP6220520B2 - Solar thermal collector and solar thermal collection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus and a solar heat collecting method for collecting heat by reflecting sunlight toward a receiver with a reflecting mirror.

In the past, energy has been obtained from fossil fuels such as petroleum. In recent years, however, these fossil fuels have been depleted, greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide emitted from the use of these fossil fuels, and also for the purchase of fossil fuels. Cost (fuel cost) is a problem.
Therefore, sunlight that can be regenerated and does not require fuel costs has attracted attention as one of new energy sources.

  There are several types of solar heat collecting devices that use this sunlight as an energy source due to the difference in the sunlight condensing method (see Patent Document 1, etc.). Among these, for example, there is a type of heat collecting device called a trough type.

  Here, the trough-type heat collecting device reflects sunlight by using a bowl-shaped parabolic mirror, collects the reflected light on a receiver, and collects solar heat.

  In addition, the linear Fresnel-type heat collector has a plurality of reflecting mirrors installed on a plurality of reflecting lines set in parallel in the north-south direction, and on a light receiving line set in the north-south direction above these reflecting mirrors. A receiver is installed, and sunlight is reflected by a reflecting mirror and condensed on the receiver to collect solar heat.

Furthermore, the tower-type heat collector uses a heliostat mechanism to adjust the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the reflectors arranged around the tower, and concentrates sunlight on the receiver provided in the tower to collect solar heat. It heats up.
In the tower type system, for example, a heliostat mechanism as shown in FIG. 7 is used. A T-shaped support (T-bone) is attached to the back surface of the reflector, and the reflector is arbitrarily rotated in accordance with the movement of the sun by rotating each part of the T-bone as shown in FIG. .

JP 2012-63086 A

  As described above, various condensing methods are used in the solar heat collecting apparatus, but a solar heat collecting apparatus capable of collecting heat more efficiently is demanded.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, Comprising: It aims at providing the solar-heat collection apparatus and solar-heat collection method which can collect solar heat efficiently.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a solar heat collecting apparatus having a plurality of reflection lines and one or more light receiving lines, wherein the plurality of reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction. A plurality of reflecting mirrors that reflect sunlight are installed on the reflection lines in each row, and the plurality of reflecting mirrors adjust the angle of the reflecting surface by following the movement of the sun. A connecting member that supports and connects the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line of each row, and the connecting member has one end at the other in the north-south direction. Since the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are disposed so as to be positioned relatively above the end, the reflecting mirror installed on the one end side is the other end Located relatively above the reflector installed on the side of The one or more light receiving lines are set at a fixed upper position perpendicular to the plurality of reflection lines, and one receiver is installed on each light receiving line. The receiver collects the heat of reflected sunlight from the plurality of reflecting mirrors, and provides a solar heat collecting apparatus.

  If it is such, first, it is a cross linear type solar heat collecting apparatus in which the reflection line and the light receiving line have the above-mentioned relationship. For example, compared with the conventional trough type, the solar heat is more efficient at a lower cost. It is possible to collect heat.

Further, the connecting member as described above is disposed, so that the reflector installed on the one end side is relatively higher than the reflector installed on the other end side in the north-south direction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the reflected light of the sunlight reflected by the reflecting mirror on the one end side from being blocked by the reflecting mirror on the other end side and reaching the receiver (blocking Prevention). Therefore, solar heat can be collected efficiently.
Further, for example, the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror can be arranged to be closer to the right angle with respect to sunlight as compared with a conventional device such as a trough type. That is, the reflection efficiency can be increased and efficient heat collection can be achieved.

  At this time, the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are installed on the north side by arranging the connecting member so that the north end is positioned relatively higher than the south end. The reflecting mirror is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the south side, or the connecting member is tilted so that the south end is positioned relatively higher than the north end. The plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are positioned such that the reflecting mirror installed on the south side is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the north side. can do.

Thus, if the reflecting mirror installed on the north side is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the south side, when reflecting sunlight from the south side in the northern hemisphere, Thus, blocking can be prevented more reliably.
In addition, if the reflector installed on the south side is positioned relatively above the reflector installed on the north side, it will be more reliable when reflecting sunlight from the north side in the southern hemisphere. Blocking can be prevented.

The plurality of reflecting mirrors may be arranged at equal intervals from each other.
Conventionally, even in the case of a cross linear type device, in order to prevent the blocking, for example, it is necessary to dispose the reflecting mirrors so that the distance from each other increases toward the north side. That is, the intervals between the reflecting mirrors were not equal. However, in the present invention, the northern reflecting mirror is located above and blocking can be prevented, so that the spacing between the reflecting mirrors can be made equal. For this reason, the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is simpler to manufacture and install.

The connecting member can be rotated in the north-south direction, and the inclination angle in the north-south direction can be adjusted.
If this is the case, the vertical relative position of each reflector can be adjusted according to the latitude of the solar heat collecting device installed and the altitude of the sun due to changes in the calendar, preventing blocking and It is possible to improve the heat collection efficiency.

  The heliostat mechanism further includes a rotating ring that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in the east-west direction, and an actuator that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in the north-south direction. The rotating ring is connected to the plurality of reflecting mirrors through a frame, and the rotating surfaces of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors on one reflecting line through the frame by the rotation of the rotating ring. The angle is adjusted at the same time, the actuator is arranged for each reflecting mirror, each actuator has an arm, and the arm and the reflecting mirror are connected, and the arm is moved forward and backward. The angle of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror can be adjusted individually.

  If it is such, the control structure for adjusting the angle of the reflective surface of a reflective mirror can be divided into what adjusts the angle of the east-west direction, and what adjusts the angle of the north-south direction. Conventionally, the reflective surface is adjusted to an arbitrary angle using only the T-bone, which makes the control complicated. However, as in the present invention, the control is divided into the east-west and north-south angles. Thus, the control can be simplified and the accuracy can be greatly increased. That is, the angle of the reflecting surface can be adjusted easily, at low cost, and with high accuracy.

In addition, a plurality of the rotating rings are arranged, each rotating ring is provided with a roller, and at least one of the plurality of rotating rings is rotationally driven by a motor. Can be.
If it is such, the angle of the reflective surface of several reflective mirrors on one reflective line can be adjusted simultaneously with a roller and a motor simply and accurately.

Further, the arm of the actuator may be attached to the back surface of the reflecting mirror to support the reflecting mirror.
In such a case, since the reflecting mirror is supported from the back by the arm, the reflecting mirror can be hardly shaken even if wind blows. Therefore, even if the wind blows, sunlight can be appropriately reflected toward the receiver and focused. It can suppress that heat collection efficiency falls under the influence of a wind.

  The present invention also provides a heliostat mechanism in which a plurality of reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction, installed on the reflection lines in each row, and the angles of the reflection surfaces of the plurality of reflectors that reflect sunlight. And one receiver installed on each light receiving line by adjusting one or more light receiving lines at an upper fixed position perpendicular to the plurality of reflection lines. A solar heat collecting method for collecting heat of reflected sunlight from the plurality of reflecting mirrors, wherein the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line in each row are supported by a connecting member. And connecting the connecting members at an angle so that one end is positioned relatively higher than the other end in the north-south direction. A reflector installed on one end is installed on the other end. Arranged and reflects the sunlight to be positioned relatively above the reflector, which is to provide the solar heat collector wherein the the heat collector.

In this way, it is a cross linear type system, and for example, it is possible to collect solar heat more efficiently at a lower cost than in the case of a conventional trough type system.
Furthermore, by providing the connecting member as described above, blocking can be prevented, reflection efficiency can be increased, and efficient heat collection can be achieved.

  At this time, by arranging the connecting member to be inclined so that the north end is positioned relatively higher than the south end, the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are reflected on the north side. The mirror is arranged so as to be positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the south side, or the connecting member is inclined so that the south end is positioned relatively higher than the north end. The plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member can be arranged such that the reflecting mirror installed on the south side is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the north side.

In this way, first, if the reflector installed on the north side is arranged so as to be positioned relatively higher than the reflector installed on the south side, in the northern hemisphere, when reflecting sunlight from the south side, Blocking can be surely prevented.
If the reflector installed on the south side is positioned relatively above the reflector installed on the north side, in the southern hemisphere, when reflecting sunlight from the north side, blocking is more reliably performed. Can be prevented.

Further, the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line of each row can be arranged at equal intervals.
In the present invention, since the reflecting mirrors on the north side are arranged so as to be positioned above and blocking can be prevented, the spacing between the reflecting mirrors can be made equal, unlike the prior art. For this reason, manufacture and installation of a solar heat collecting device can be performed more simply.

In addition, the connecting member can be rotated in the north-south direction, and the inclination angle in the north-south direction can be adjusted according to the installed latitude. Moreover, it can adjust according to a calendar.
In this way, the relative position in the vertical direction of each reflector can be adjusted according to the altitude of the installed latitude and the altitude of the sun due to changes in the calendar, thereby preventing blocking and improving heat collection efficiency. Can do.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is a cross linear type, and furthermore, blocking can be prevented, and heat can be collected efficiently at low cost.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the solar heat collecting apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of a heliostat mechanism. It is the schematic which shows an example of the east-west angle adjustment means. (A) It is a top view. (B) It is a side view. It is the schematic which shows an example of the north-south angle adjustment means. (A) It is an A arrow view in FIG. (B) It is a B arrow line view in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a connection member. It is explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of each reflecting mirror supported by the connection member. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the conventional T-bone system heliostat mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the position of the reflective mirror of the conventional apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention.
First, the overall mechanism of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 will be described. A plurality of reflection lines 2 and one or more light receiving lines 3 are set. A plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 are installed on each reflection line 2, and a receiver 5 is installed on the light receiving line 3. Sunlight is applied to the reflecting mirror 4 and reflected, and the reflected light is collected on the receiver 5 to collect solar heat.
The medium in the receiver heated by collecting solar heat is sent to a steam turbine or a gas turbine (not shown) to generate power.

Hereinafter, each part is explained in full detail.
The plurality of reflection lines 2 are set in parallel with each other along the north-south direction. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which four reflection lines 2A to 2D are set, the number of the reflection lines 2 may be a plurality, and is not particularly limited.

Each of the one or more light receiving lines 3 is set at a fixed position above the reflection line 2. Furthermore, it is set so as to be orthogonal to the reflection line 2 (that is, along the east-west direction).
Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which one light receiving line 3A is set, the number of light receiving lines 3A can be two or more, and can be determined as appropriate. For example, the reflecting mirror 4 and the receiver 5 shown in FIG. 1 can be a single unit, and a plurality of such units can be prepared and arranged in parallel.
Further, the distance in the vertical direction between the light receiving line 3 and the reflecting line 2 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to various conditions so as to easily collect sunlight, for example.

  As can be seen from the relationship between the reflection line and the light receiving line, the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is of a cross linear type, and can efficiently collect solar heat at low cost.

Next, the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 will be described. The reflecting mirror 4 only needs to have a reflecting surface 6 capable of reflecting sunlight, and the shape of the reflecting mirror 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the sunlight reflecting surface 6 can be flat or concave. The size is not limited, and for example, the reflecting surface 6 can have an area of about 3 m × 1.5 m.
A plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 are installed on each row of the reflecting lines 2A to 2D. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which six sheets are installed in each row, the number is not limited to this. For example, it can be determined according to the size of the installation location.

The reflecting mirror 4 is provided with a heliostat mechanism 7. Here, an example of the heliostat mechanism 7 is shown in FIG.
The heliostat mechanism 7 adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface 6 by following the movement of the sun. With respect to the reflection surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4, it has means for adjusting the east-west angle (east-west angle adjusting means 8) and means for adjusting the north-south angle (north-south angle adjusting means 9). Although here is an example for the case of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ to 4A ₆ on reflection line 2A, it is provided with these means also in other reflective line 2B-2D.
Conventionally, the angle of the reflecting surface is adjusted to an arbitrary angle using only the T-bone as shown in FIG. 5, but the heliostat mechanism 7 according to the present invention adjusts the angle between the east-west angle and the north-south angle. Is different. These means can adjust the angle of each direction independently of each other. Therefore, the angle can be adjusted with high accuracy while the control is simple.

First, the east / west angle adjusting means 8 will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example of the east / west angle adjusting means 8. 3A is a top view of the east-west angle adjusting means 8, and FIG. 3B is a side view thereof. Incidentally, one the installed reflector on a reflective line 2A of _{4 (4A} 1 _{~4A 6)} are also described together.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the east-west angle adjusting means 8 includes a rotating ring 10 and a frame 11.
Also, FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), the frame 11 is disposed so as to surround all of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ to 4A ₆ arranged in series in the north-south direction, each of the reflecting mirrors 4A It is coupled with the east and west sides of ₁ to 4A _6. Here, the reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ are connected at the center of the side surfaces thereof, and the reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ are centered on an axis (dotted line in FIG. 3A) connecting the connecting parts. Can rotate in the north-south direction.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the rotating ring 10 is arranged at both ends and the center of the frame 11 so as to surround the frame 11 from the outside, for example, and is connected to the frame 11. That is, the rotating ring 10 and the reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ are connected via the frame 11.
In addition, although the case where the number of the rotating rings 10 was three was mentioned here as an example, it is not limited to this, What is necessary is just one or more. For example, it may be arranged only at the center of the frame 11, but it is particularly preferable that there are a plurality of frames 11, and more than the case of FIG.
The reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ can be appropriately held and can be rotated at the same time, and the shape and size of the frame 11, the number and size of the rotating ring 10 can be appropriately determined. In consideration of the weight of the reflecting mirror and the like, the material and the like can be determined each time so that the frame 11 or the like is not bent.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, each rotary ring 10 is provided with a roller 12 for rotating the rotary ring 10 in the east-west direction. The means for rotating the rotating ring 10 is not particularly limited. However, with such a roller 12, the rotating ring 10 can be easily rotated, and the reflecting mirror 4 (4A ₁ ) connected via the frame 11 is used. to 4A ₆₎ it can be the to simultaneously rotate in the east-west direction.
Here, two rollers 12 are arranged for each rotating ring 10. The rotating ring 10 is rotatably supported by the roller 12 from below. The number and size of the rollers 12 are not particularly limited, and can be determined as appropriate.

A motor 13 is connected to the roller 12 in at least one of the rotating rings 10. The motor 13 can control the rotational drive of the roller 12 to rotate the roller 12 at a desired timing and number of rotations. Thereby, it is possible to accurately control the rotation of the rotating ring 10 with an accuracy of mR to several tens of mR.
The number of motors 13 to be arranged can be determined as appropriate.
Further, the degree of rotation (rotation range) is not particularly limited, but the reflecting mirror 4 can be rotated 90 ° per 12 hours so that the reflecting mirror 4 can reflect sunlight to the receiver 5 during the day. It is good to prepare the motor 13 and the roller 12 which are the same.

  Such an east / west angle adjusting means 8 is provided for each line of reflection lines. For this reason, it is possible to rotate all the reflecting mirrors installed on one reflection line simultaneously in the east-west direction, and to simultaneously adjust the angles in the east-west direction. Moreover, the angle of the reflecting mirror can be adjusted independently for each reflecting line.

Next, the north-south angle adjusting means 9 will be described. FIG. 4 shows an example of the north-south angle adjusting means 9. FIG. 4A is a view taken in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2, and also illustrates the rotating ring 10, the frame 11, and the reflecting mirror 4 so that the positional relationship of each can be easily grasped. FIG. 4B is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2 and also shows the frame 11 and the reflecting mirror 4 together.
The north-south angle adjusting means 9 is individually provided for the reflecting mirror 4 and includes an actuator 15 having an arm 14. The actuator 15 moves the arm 14 forward and backward. The arm 14 is connected to the reflecting mirror 4.

  Here, the tip of the arm 14 is connected to the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4, and the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4 can be pushed and pulled by its forward / backward movement, whereby an axis connecting the connecting portions with the frame 11. The reflecting mirror 4 can be rotated in the north-south direction around the center. The angle of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 in the north-south direction can be adjusted by the distance of the arm 14 moving forward and backward.

  The forward / backward range (stroke range) of the arm 14 is not particularly limited as long as it can appropriately reflect sunlight toward the receiver throughout the year. Due to the inclination of the earth's axis, the altitude of the sun changes in a range of (23.4 ° × 2) throughout the year. It is good to decide.

  Further, the arm 14 rotates the reflecting mirror 4 by pushing or pulling the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4 as described above, and simultaneously supports the reflecting mirror 4 from the back surface side. In the conventional T-bone method of FIG. 5, the reflecting mirror is shaken by the wind, and the reflection to the receiver may be adversely affected. However, thanks to the support by the arm 14 of FIG. It is possible to effectively prevent the mirror 4 from shaking. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the reflection to the receiver from being appropriately performed due to the swing of the reflecting mirror 4, and it is possible to suppress the heat collection efficiency from being lowered.

  In addition, although the case where it connected with the arm 14 on the back surface of the reflective mirror 4 was demonstrated, naturally it is not limited to this, The connection part of the arm 14 and the reflective mirror 4 can be determined suitably. For example, it can be connected to the arm 14 on the side surface of the reflecting mirror 4.

  Since the reflecting mirror 4 rotates in the east-west direction together with the frame 11 as described above, the actuator 15 itself may be fixed to the frame 11, for example. In this way, even if the frame 11 and the reflecting mirror 4 are rotated in the east-west direction by the rotating ring 10 in order to adjust the angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the east-west direction, the actuator 15 is fixed to the frame 11, so The angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the north-south direction can be adjusted by the arm 14 of the actuator 15 in the same manner as before rotating in the direction.

  Such a north-south angle adjusting means 9 is provided for each reflecting mirror. For this reason, the reflecting mirror 4 can be individually rotated in the north-south direction, and the angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the north-south direction can be adjusted. Moreover, the angle can be adjusted independently for each reflecting mirror.

The mechanism for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 6 by rotating the reflecting mirror 4 has been described above for the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9.
In the conventional T-bone system as shown in FIG. 7, the reflecting surface must be rotated in various directions using only the T-bone and adjusted to an arbitrary angle, which makes control complicated.
However, in the present invention, the angle adjustment of the reflecting surface is shared by the east-west angle adjusting means having the rotating ring and the north-south angle adjusting means having the actuator. That is, the east-west angle adjustment means only needs to adjust the angle in the east-west direction, and the north-south angle adjustment means only needs to adjust the angle in the north-south direction. The angle of the reflecting surface can be adjusted with high accuracy to an arbitrary angle by combining them. Moreover, since each mechanism is simple, the cost is low.

It should be noted that not only the reflecting surface 6 can be adjusted to an arbitrary angle, but also the heliostat mechanism 7 must be adjusted so that the angle actually follows the movement of the sun.
In order to facilitate such angle adjustment, for example, the angle adjustment data of the reflecting mirror 4 with respect to the movement of the sun according to the calendar and true sun time is built in the east / west angle adjustment means 8 and the north-south angle adjustment means 9. good. As described above, in the east / west angle adjusting means 8, the roller 12 is rotationally controlled by the motor 13, the rotation of the rotating ring 10 is controlled, and the angle adjustment in the east-west direction of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 is performed. . The movement of the sun can be estimated in advance from the calendar and true sun.

Therefore, the motor 13 is provided with a computer for driving and controlling the motor 13 so that the angle of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 is appropriately adjusted following the movement of the sun. The rotation degree of the rotating ring 10 and the control value (angle adjustment data) pattern of the motor 13 are input. When actually reflecting sunlight to the receiver 5, the angle of the reflecting surface 6 can be easily adjusted by driving the motor 13 based on the angle adjustment data in the computer and controlling the rotation of the rotating ring 10. It can be performed.
In particular, the east-west angle adjusting means 8 may be rotated at a constant speed with respect to the sun moving from east to west, and extremely stable control is possible. In the conventional T-bone method, the reflecting mirror may rotate greatly in order to correspond to the position of the sun, and it may be necessary to rapidly increase the rotation speed. In the present invention, such a rapid rotation is required. The need can be reduced.
Instead of preparing a computer separately, for example, angle adjustment data can be input and controlled in a memory and a control circuit built in the motor 13.

  The same applies to the north-south angle adjusting means 9. That is, the arm 14 of the actuator 15 for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 appropriately following the movement of the sun in the memory of the actuator 15 or in the computer provided. The pattern of the control value (angle adjustment data) of forward / backward movement is input in advance. Then, by controlling the forward / backward movement of the arm 14 of the actuator 15 based on the angle adjustment data, the angle of the reflecting surface 6 can be easily adjusted.

  Of course, as in the prior art, the position of the sun may be calculated sequentially, and the angle of the reflecting surface corresponding to the position of the sun may be calculated to control the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9. However, if the built-in data patterned as described above is used, the conventional sequential calculation is not necessary, and the angle of the reflecting surface is not adjusted after performing such a sequential calculation. Therefore, it is possible to respond quickly without delaying the movement of the sun, and it is simple and highly accurate. It can also lead to an increase in heat collection efficiency. It can be determined appropriately according to the cost and the like.

Further, the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9 can be controlled independently. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a central controller 16 is provided as shown in FIG. It is also possible to control the rotation of the rotating ring 10 and the forward and backward movement of the arm 14 of the actuator 15 by the central control device 16 by connecting to the motor 13 of the motor No. 8 and the actuator 15 of the north-south angle adjusting means 9. For example, the central controller 16 can control the initial angle of the reflecting surface 6 at the start of heat collection or maintenance. Based on the position of the sun, the control data of the motor 13 and the like for adjusting the angle of the reflective surface 6 and the angle to an appropriate angle is calculated, and the initial angle of the reflective surface 6 is calculated by the central controller 16 based on the calculation result. Can be adjusted.
Then, after adjusting the initial angle, the central control device 16 may continue to adjust the angle, or the angle adjustment may be performed using the built-in data as described above.

Moreover, in this invention, it has the connection member which supports and connects the several reflective mirror 4 on the reflective line of each row | line. An example of the connecting member is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member. 5 and 6, the description of the actuator and the rotating ring of the heliostat mechanism is omitted. Here, first, a case where the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is installed in the northern hemisphere will be described.
The connecting member 17 is not particularly limited, and supports and connects a plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 (reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ on the reflecting line 2A in FIG. 5) on the reflecting lines 2 in each row. If it is good. And what is necessary is just to be able to arrange | position the connection member 17 so that it may incline so that one end (north end) may be located relatively higher than the other end (south end) (refer FIG. 6). Although it does not specifically limit as an angle of inclination, For example, it can be set as about 15-20 degrees. Since the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 supported by the connecting member 17 are arranged so as to be inclined as described above, the reflecting mirrors installed on one end side (north side) positioned relatively upward are relatively In other words, it is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the other end side (south side).

  Here, the frame 11 of the heliostat mechanism 7 is also used as the connecting member 17. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a member for connecting a plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 in addition to the frame 11 is separately prepared. Of course, it is also possible to provide a member as a connecting member. The plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 can be connected directly or indirectly, and the height position of the plurality of reflecting mirrors can be adjusted simultaneously by tilting the connecting member.

Here, the connecting member 17 may be disposed with the inclination angle in the north-south direction fixed at a constant value, but it can be freely rotated in the north-south direction. It can also be adjusted as appropriate. Members and means for adjusting the angle can be provided as necessary.
In order to reflect sunlight efficiently to the receiver, it is necessary to consider the altitude of the sun. This altitude changes depending on the calendar and the latitude of the place where the device is installed, as well as during the day. . Therefore, in addition to adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 6 with the heliostat mechanism 7 in response to changes in the daytime, the inclination of the connecting member 17 in the north-south direction as described above is also easy to cope with changes in the calendar and latitude. The angle should be adjustable. Further, the inclination angle of the connecting member 17 may be adjusted when the altitude of the sun is low, such as in the morning. Conventionally, for example, regarding the calendar, the installation state of the reflecting mirror is adjusted in accordance with the altitude of the sun at the time of spring equinox. However, if the angle in the north-south direction can be adjusted, it can be more appropriately adapted to the movement of the sun throughout the year, and heat collection can be performed more efficiently.

Here, the reason why the connecting member 17 is provided and tilted will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4, the reflecting mirror installed on the north side is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the south side, thereby preventing blocking. easy. Therefore, solar heat can be collected efficiently.
In addition, the reflecting mirrors 4 can be arranged at regular intervals, for example. This makes it easy to install a plurality of reflecting mirrors. Moreover, the connection member 17 which connects these reflective mirrors 4 should just provide a connection part with the reflective mirror 4 at equal intervals, and the manufacture is simple.
Furthermore, blocking can be prevented even with such an equidistant arrangement.

  On the other hand, in the case of a conventional apparatus that does not include a connecting member as in the present invention and a plurality of reflecting mirrors are installed at the same height (see FIG. 8), in order to prevent blocking, the north side It is necessary to increase the distance between the reflecting mirrors as it goes to the side. In such a positional relationship, it takes time to install the reflecting mirror. In addition, the installation range of the reflecting mirrors is expanded and the entire apparatus is enlarged, the number of reflecting mirrors per unit area is reduced, and the heat collection efficiency is not good. The present invention can also solve such problems.

In addition, compared to conventional devices such as trough type, for example, the reflecting surface of the reflector is easy to arrange so as to be closer to the right angle with respect to sunlight, so that the radiation efficiency can be increased and efficient heat collection is possible. is there. In other words, trough-shaped parabolic mirrors do not adjust the north-south angle of the entire mirror, so that when the sun's altitude is low, the sunlight becomes a parabolic mirror at a low angle. Incident light and heat collection efficiency deteriorates.
However, in the case of the present invention, since the connecting member 17 is inclined, sunlight can be reflected by being incident on the reflecting mirror at a high angle so as to be closer to a right angle, and heat collection efficiency can be improved. .
Note that if the parabolic mirror is inclined and disposed in the trough type, it is necessary to tilt the receiver accordingly, which is more time-consuming than the present invention.

  The connecting member 17 is also connected to the central control device 16 as shown in FIG. 6, or various data are incorporated in a motor or the like that rotates the connecting member 17 up and down. The inclination angle can be adjusted as appropriate.

  In the case where the solar heat collecting apparatus is installed in the southern hemisphere, the connecting member can be disposed so as to be inclined so that the south end of the connecting member is positioned relatively higher than the north end, contrary to the aspect of FIG.

Next, the receiver 5 will be described.
The receiver 5 itself is not particularly limited, and its shape and size can be determined as appropriate. For example, a conventional one can be used. What is necessary is just to condense reflected light of sunlight and collect heat efficiently.
The receiver 5 has a heat receiving pipe through which a medium (air, carbon dioxide, etc.) flows, and the medium in the heat receiving pipe is warmed by solar heat collected by the receiver 5, and the warmed medium is sent to a steam turbine or the like. Used for power generation.

The solar heat collecting method of the present invention will be described.
Although the case where the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 of this invention is used is demonstrated, naturally the method of this invention is not limited to this. First, the case where the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is installed in the northern hemisphere to collect heat will be described.
First, a plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 on the reflection lines in each row are connected to the frame 11 that also functions as the connecting member 17. Here, the reflecting mirrors 4 are connected so that the intervals between the reflecting mirrors 4 are equal. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reflecting mirrors 4 may be connected at different intervals as necessary.

  Then, the connecting member 17 is arranged to be inclined so that the north end is raised and rotated in the north-south direction, and the north end is positioned relatively above the south end. The angle of inclination in the north-south direction at this time is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. For example, it can be adjusted according to the calendar for collecting heat, the latitude at which the reflecting mirror 4 or the like is installed, whether it is morning or afternoon. Taking these into consideration, the receiver 5 can be adjusted to efficiently collect heat according to the conditions at that time.

  The angle of inclination can be completely fixed at a fixed angle, or can be adjusted by sequentially rotating in the north-south direction according to various conditions such as a calendar. It can be appropriately determined depending on the heat collection efficiency, cost, and the like.

  By such an angle adjustment of the connecting member 17, the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 are arranged so that the one installed on the north side is positioned relatively higher than the one installed on the south side. By adjusting the angle of the connecting member 17, the vertical positional relationship between the reflecting mirrors 4 can be easily adjusted. And by such arrangement | positioning, blocking can be prevented effectively, sunlight can be reflected still more efficiently, and heat collection efficiency can be improved.

  Furthermore, the heliostat mechanism 7 is used to adjust the angle of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 by following the movement of the sun during the day by the rotating ring 10 and the actuator 15, and the sunlight is reflected to the receiver 5 to collect it. heat.

  In addition, when the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is installed in the southern hemisphere to collect heat, the south end of the connecting member is relatively higher than the north end, contrary to the embodiment of FIG. 6 in the case of installing in the northern hemisphere. It can be arranged so as to be positioned and collect heat.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated more concretely, this invention is not limited to these.
(Example)
Using the cross linear solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1, a simulation for concentrating sunlight by the method of the present invention to warm the medium in the heat receiving tube was performed. The simulation conditions were set as follows.
Set up a single light receiving line and install a receiver (height 20m above the ground), 80 reflective lines (distance between lines is 1.5m), 30 reflectors per line (size (1.5 m × 1.5 m) was installed (the area of the total reflection mirror was 5400 m ² ).
All reflectors were placed on the north side of the receiver. The horizontal distance between the tip of the first reflecting mirror on the side closer to the receiver and the receiver was set to 5 m.
The angle adjustment of the reflecting mirror was performed using the east-west angle adjusting means and the north-south angle adjusting means shown in FIG. Based on the built-in calendar and angle adjustment data of each reflector with respect to the movement of the sun according to the true sun time, the angle of the reflector was adjusted by controlling the rotation of the rotating ring and the forward and backward movement of the actuator arm.

Other conditions are as follows.
By adjusting the angle of inclination of the connecting member in the north-south direction, the north end is positioned above the south end, so that the north-side reflecting mirror is positioned above the south-side reflecting mirror and blocking is 0 to 0.2. (That is, 20% or less).
The date and time of the winter solstice were 10:00 am, 11:00 am, 12:00 pm, 13:00 pm, and 14:00 pm, and the declination was 47.91667 degrees (Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar).

  Looking at the simulation results, the average cosine effect of all reflectors at 10:00 am, 11:00 am, 12:00 pm, 13:00 pm and 14:00 pm is 0.357 (note that the efficiency of use of the reflector is 100%. 1.00), 0.459, 0.50, 0.459, 0.357, and it was found that 40-50% solar energy can be collected even at high latitudes in the winter solstice.

On the other hand, the trough method, the tower method, and the linear Fresnel method, which are the conventional condensing methods, have the same date and place, the cosine effect is reduced to 1/2 to 1/3. The concentrating solar power generation is not profitable. Therefore, conventionally, power was generated using fuel in winter.
However, according to the present invention, it is possible to generate power by sufficiently collecting solar heat even in winter at high latitude as in the embodiment, so that the above-mentioned fuel cost and the like can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar thermal collector of this invention, 2, 2A-2D ... Reflection line,
3, 3A ... Light receiving line 4, 4A _{1 to} 4A ₆ ... Reflector, 5 ... Receiver,
6 ... reflective surface, 7 ... heliostat mechanism, 8 ... east-west angle adjusting means,
9 ... North-south angle adjusting means, 10 ... Rotating ring, 11 ... Frame,
12 ... Roller, 13 ... Motor, 14 ... Arm, 15 ... Actuator,
16 ... Central control unit, 17 ... Connecting member.

Claims (13)

A solar heat collecting apparatus having a plurality of reflection lines and one or more light receiving lines,
The plurality of reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction, and a plurality of reflection mirrors that reflect sunlight are installed on the reflection lines in each row, and the plurality of reflection mirrors Has a heliostat mechanism that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface to follow the movement of the sun,
Having a connecting member for supporting and connecting the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line of each row;
The connecting member is disposed so as to be inclined so that one end thereof is positioned relatively higher than the other end in the north-south direction, so that the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member has the one end The reflecting mirror installed on the side of the other end is positioned relatively above the reflecting mirror installed on the other end side,
The one or more light receiving lines are set at a fixed position above and perpendicular to the plurality of reflection lines, and one receiver is installed on each light receiving line. Collecting heat of sunlight reflected from the plurality of reflecting mirrors ;
The heliostat mechanism further includes a rotating ring that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in the east-west direction, and an actuator that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in the north-south direction. ,
The rotating ring is connected to the plurality of reflecting mirrors through a frame, and an angle of a reflecting surface of the plurality of reflecting mirrors on one reflecting line through the frame by the rotation of the rotating ring. Are adjusted at the same time,
The actuator is arranged for each reflecting mirror, each actuator has an arm, the arm and the reflecting mirror are connected, and the angle of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror is individually determined by the forward and backward movement of the arm. A solar heat collecting apparatus characterized by being adjusted to the above . The plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are arranged on the north side by arranging the connecting member so that the north end is positioned relatively above the south end. Is located relatively above the reflector installed on the south side, or
The plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are arranged on the south side by arranging the connecting member so as to be inclined so that the south end is positioned relatively higher than the north end. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting apparatus is positioned relatively above a reflecting mirror installed on the north side.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of reflecting mirrors are arranged at equal intervals.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting member is rotatable in a north-south direction, and an inclination angle in a north-south direction is adjustable. A plurality of the rotating rings are arranged, each rotating ring is provided with a roller, and at least one of the plurality of rotating rings is rotationally controlled by a motor. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solar heat collecting apparatus is provided. 6. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the arm of the actuator is attached to a back surface of the reflecting mirror to support the reflecting mirror. 7. The frame is arranged so as to surround all of the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the one reflecting line, and in the central part of the side surface on the east side and the west side of each reflecting mirror, And is rotatably connected to, and
The actuator is attached to the frame, and the arm of the actuator is attached to the back surface of the reflector, and adjusts and supports the angle of the reflector that is rotatably connected to the frame in the north-south direction. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting apparatus is a solar heat collecting apparatus. Multiple reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction, installed on each line of reflection lines, and the angle of the reflection surface of multiple reflectors that reflect sunlight follows the movement of the sun using a heliostat mechanism. And adjust
One or more light receiving lines are set at a fixed position perpendicular to the plurality of reflection lines, and the sunlight received from the plurality of reflection mirrors is received by one receiver installed on each light reception line. A solar heat collecting method for collecting the heat of reflected light,
Supporting and connecting the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line of each row by a connecting member,
By disposing the connecting member so that one end is positioned relatively higher than the other end in the north-south direction, the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are arranged on the one end side. Arranged so that the reflecting mirror installed on the other end side is positioned relatively higher than the reflecting mirror installed on the other end side ,
When the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflectors is adjusted in the east-west direction by the east-west angle adjusting means provided with the rotating ring of the heliostat mechanism,
The rotating ring is connected to the plurality of reflecting mirrors through a frame, and the angles of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflecting mirrors on one reflecting line are simultaneously rotated through the frame by the rotation of the rotating ring. Adjust
When the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflectors is adjusted in the north-south direction by the north-south angle adjusting means including the actuator of the heliostat mechanism,
The actuator is arranged for each reflecting mirror, the arm of each actuator is connected to the reflecting mirror, the angle of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror is individually adjusted by the forward and backward movement of the arm, and sunlight is A solar heat collecting method characterized by collecting heat by reflection. By disposing the connecting member so that the north end is positioned relatively higher than the south end, the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are arranged on the south side. Arranged so as to be positioned relatively higher than the reflector installed in the
By disposing the connecting member so that the south end is positioned relatively above the north end, the plurality of reflecting mirrors supported by the connecting member are arranged on the north side. The solar heat collecting method according to claim 8, wherein the solar heat collecting method is arranged so as to be positioned relatively higher than a reflecting mirror installed on the surface.   The solar heat collecting method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflection line of each row are arranged at equal intervals.   The solar heat collecting method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the connecting member is rotated in a north-south direction, and an angle of inclination in the north-south direction is adjusted according to a latitude to be installed. .   The solar heat collecting method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the connecting member is rotated in a north-south direction, and an inclination angle in the north-south direction is adjusted according to a calendar. The frame is arranged so as to surround all of the plurality of reflecting mirrors on the one reflecting line, and rotates in the north-south direction to the frame at the center of the east side and the west side of each reflecting mirror. Connect as possible, and
The actuator is attached to the frame, and the arm of the actuator is attached to the back surface of the reflector, and the angle of the reflector that is rotatably connected to the frame in the north-south direction is adjusted and supported. The solar heat collecting method according to any one of claims 8 to 12.

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