JP6134721B2 - 内燃エンジンシステムおよび内燃エンジンシステムを備える車両 - Google Patents
内燃エンジンシステムおよび内燃エンジンシステムを備える車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6134721B2 JP6134721B2 JP2014534511A JP2014534511A JP6134721B2 JP 6134721 B2 JP6134721 B2 JP 6134721B2 JP 2014534511 A JP2014534511 A JP 2014534511A JP 2014534511 A JP2014534511 A JP 2014534511A JP 6134721 B2 JP6134721 B2 JP 6134721B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- cylinder group
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 100
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 301
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 54
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 47
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrocarbon HC Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0236—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using turbine waste gate valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0242—Variable control of the exhaust valves only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0273—Multiple actuations of a valve within an engine cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
- F01N2410/06—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device at cold starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Description
1.後で行われる後噴射で第2の気筒グループを作動させること。
2.ウェイストゲート排ガス管内の排ガス温度またはウェイストゲート排ガス後処理部での温度が略150℃に達したとき、好ましくは排ガス内のCOおよびH2含有量を最大にするための好適な空燃比を用いてCOおよびH2を生成するために、かなり後で行われる後噴射で、第2の気筒グループを作動させること。
3.ウェイストゲート排ガス管の排ガス内におけるCOおよびH2の存在により、ウェイストゲート排ガス後処理部の動作(着火)を略150℃で開始すること。
4.かなり後で行われる後噴射を終了し、ウェイストゲート燃料噴射器の動作を開始すること。
5.これによって、COおよびH2の存在により略150℃で主排ガス後処理システムの動作を開始するために、ウェイストゲート排ガス管内の状態を化学量論的混合気に近い状態に維持すること。
6.主排ガス後処理システムの着火後、不燃燃料を主酸化触媒に与えるために、ウェイストゲート排ガス管を少なくとも僅かに濃厚な、好ましくは濃厚状態にするようウェイストゲート燃料噴射器での燃料量を増加させ、その結果、主排ガス後処理システムを急速に加熱すること。
7.任意で、必要に応じて十分な動力を与えるために第1の気筒グループを作動させること。
1.後で行われる後噴射で第2の気筒グループを作動させること。
2.ウェイストゲート排ガス管30内の排ガス温度またはウェイストゲート排ガス管30での温度が略150℃に達したとき、好ましくは排ガス内のCOおよびH2含有量を最大にするための好適な空燃比を用いてCOおよびH2を生成するために、大幅に後で行われる後噴射で、第2の気筒グループを作動させること。
3.ウェイストゲート排ガス管の排ガス内におけるCOおよびH2の存在により、ウェイストゲート排ガス後処理部の動作(着火)を略150℃で開始すること。
4.大幅に後で行われる後噴射を終了し、ウェイストゲート燃料噴射器の動作を開始すること。
5.これによって、COおよびH2の存在により約150℃で主排ガス後処理システムの動作を開始するために、ウェイストゲート排ガス管内の状態を化学量論的混合気に近い状態に維持すること。
6.主排ガス後処理システムの着火後、不燃燃料を主酸化触媒に与えるために、ウェイストゲート排ガス管を少なくとも僅かに濃厚な、好ましくは濃厚状態にするようウェイストゲート燃料噴射器での燃料量を増加させ、その結果、主排ガス後処理システムを急速に加熱すること。
7.任意で、必要に応じて十分な動力を与えるために第1の気筒グループを作動させること。
上記のように、排ガス流を制御するためのウェイストゲート排ガス管30を排ガスマニホルド12に追加する。上記の実施形態において、ウェイストゲート排ガス管30は作動中の気筒4bに接続され、エネルギーを保存するために、排ガスをタービン16と18を通るように導く。これに加えて、小型のDOC36とともに燃料噴射器34をウェイストゲート排ガス管30内に配置して、主DOC24を着火するために余剰エネルギーを加える。パルスエネルギーを捕獲することによって排ガスパルスを維持するために、燃料噴射器34とDOC36を排ガスマニホルド12に近接配置しなければならない。このパルスは、燃料噴射器34が噴射した燃料を混合する際の助けとなる。
上述の通り、第2の方策は、「バンプ(bump)」と呼ばれる排ガスリブリージング機構を用いて、(図示しない)吸気弁が開いた状態で(図示しない)排気弁を持上げることによりいくらかの排ガスを気筒4内に再び送り込むことである。これにより、エンジンの質量流が低下し、システム内の温度が上昇する。上述の通り、この方法は、燃料消費を最小限に抑えるために気筒の一部で実行してもよい。気筒4bの一部にのみ燃料を噴射するとき、燃料が噴射されない不作動の気筒4aのスロットルを用いて、さらに排ガス温度を上昇させることもできる。そのスロットルは、不作動の気筒4bに内燃エンジン1を通って低温空気を送り込むことを防いでいるからである。さまざまなバンプを用いてもよい。「バンプ0」と呼ばれる弁持上げプロファイルでは、排気弁が開き、吸気弁の持上げ距離が最大となる。「バンプ1」、「バンプ2」および「バンプ3」と呼ばれる弁持上げプロファイルでは、持上げられた吸気弁の端部に近づくように排気弁を再開放する。
ウェイストゲート排ガス管30によりバンプは排ガスをシステム100内に再び送り込むことができるので、上述の方法を組み合わせる場合、注意が必要である。これは、噴射のない不作動の気筒4aでは排ガスリブリージングを行い、噴射のある作動中の気筒4bでは弁の持上げを行うことで回避してもよい。こうすることにより、不作動の気筒グループ2a内の気筒4aを通る低温空気の流れが最小になるが、作動中の気筒4bではその流れが正しい方向に送り込まれる。
上記の後で行う後噴射の結果、後噴射を行わない排ガスリブリージング機構と比較して、排ガス温度は約25℃上昇した。図5は、作動中の気筒4bについての対応する温度曲線を示しており、x軸がクランク角、y軸が温度である。結果をまとめたものを下の表6に示す。
−全気筒において排ガスリブリージングを有効にすること。
−燃焼温度を上昇させるために作動中の気筒4bをわずかにスロットルで調節すること。
−不作動の気筒4a内に送り込まれる低温空気を減らすために、作動中の気筒4bよりも不作動の気筒4aのスロットル調節をきつくすること。
1 内燃エンジン
2 気筒ブロック
2a 不作動の気筒グループ
2b 作動中の気筒グループ
4 気筒
4a 不作動の気筒
4b 作動中の気筒
6 ガス吸入口
8 吸入マニホルド
8a 不作動の吸入マニホルド部
8b 作動中の吸入マニホルド部
10 排ガス出口側
12 排ガスマニホルド
12a 不作動の排ガスマニホルド部
12b 作動中の排ガスマニホルド部
14 ターボチャージャ
16 第1のタービン
18 第2のタービン
20 第1の/主排ガス管
22 排ガス後処理システム
24 主ディーゼル酸化触媒
26 微粒子フィルタ
28 選択触媒反応器
30 ウェイストゲート排ガス管
32 弁
34 燃料噴射器
36 小型のディーゼル酸化触媒
40 EGR管
42 排気弁持上げ距離
44 吸気弁持上げ距離
Claims (10)
- 内燃エンジンシステム(100)であって、
複数の気筒(4)、少なくとも空気を気筒ブロック(2)に与えるためのガス吸入マニホルド(8,8a,8b)、排ガスを前記気筒ブロック(2)から排出するための排ガスマニホルド(12,12a,12b)を有する前記気筒ブロック(2)を備え、
前記排ガスマニホルド(12,12a,12b)が少なくとも、主排ガス出口と、ウェイストゲート排ガス出口とを備え、
前記主排ガス出口が、排ガスを主排ガス後処理システムに導くための主排ガス管(20)に接続され、前記主排ガス後処理システム(22)が酸化触媒(24)と、微粒子フィルタ(26)と、選択触媒反応器(28)とを備え、前記ウェイストゲート排ガス出口がウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)に接続される、内燃エンジンシステム(100)であって、
前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)は、前記主排ガス後処理システムの上流で前記主排ガス管(20)に再接続され、前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)内を流れる排ガスに触媒処理を行うためのウェイストゲート後処理部としての酸化触媒を備え、前記気筒ブロック(2)の前記複数の気筒(4)が、少なくとも、第1の気筒グループ(2a)および第2の気筒グループ(2b)内に配置され、各気筒グループ(2a,2b)が吸気スロットルを備え、各吸気スロットルが個別に動作可能であり、前記吸入マニホルド(8,8a,8b)が、前記第1の気筒グループ(2a)に割り当てられる第1の吸入マニホルド部(8a)と、前記第2の気筒グループ(2b)に割り当てられる第2の吸入マニホルド部(8b)とを備え、前記排ガスマニホルド(12,12a,12b)が、前記第1の気筒グループ(2a)と前記主排ガス出口とに割り当てられる第1の排ガスマニホルド部(12a)と、前記第2の気筒グループ(2b)と前記ウェイストゲート排ガス出口とに割り当てられる第2の排ガスマニホルド部(12b)とを設けるように構成され、内燃エンジンの臨界温度エンジン動作中、第1の気筒グループに燃料を与えないことで不作動の気筒グループを構成し、排ガス再循環ダクト(40)が、不作動状態にある前記第1の気筒グループ(2a)の前記第1の排ガスマニホルド部(12a)から分岐し、作動状態にある前記第2の気筒グループ(2b)に割り当てられる前記第2の吸入マニホルド部(8b)に排ガスを再循環するよう適合されることを特徴とする、内燃エンジンシステム(100)。 - ウェイストゲート弁(32)が、前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)内を流れる排ガスの量を制御するために、前記ウェイストゲート排ガス出口に配置される、または前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)内に配置される、請求項1に記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)内を流れる排ガス内に燃料を噴射するための燃料噴射器(34)が、前記ウェイストゲート後処理部(36)の上流に配置される、請求項1または2に記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記第1の排ガスマニホルド部(12a)が、前記第1の気筒グループ(2a)から前記主排ガス出口までの第1の排ガス流と、前記第2の排ガスマニホルド部(12b)が、前記第2の気筒グループ(2b)から前記ウェイストゲート排ガス出口までの第2の排ガス流とを与えるように適合される、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 少なくとも1つのターボチャージャ部(14)が、前記主排ガス管(20)内に配置され、前記ウェイストゲート排ガス管(30)が、前記ターボチャージャ部(14)の上流で、前記主排ガス管(20)に接続される、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記第2の排ガスマニホルド部(12b)が、前記第2の気筒グループ(2b)から第3の排ガス管を通る第3の排ガス流を与えるようにさらに適合され、前記第3の排ガス管が、前記ターボチャージャ部(14)に排ガスを与えるように適合される、請求項5に記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記主排ガス管(20)および前記第3の排ガス管が、同一のターボチャージャ(14)部に排ガスを与えるように適合され、前記ターボチャージャ(14)部が2つの入口を有するタービンを備える、請求項6に記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記排ガス再循環管(40)が、選択触媒反応器(28)の上流および微粒子フィルタ部(26)の下流で前記主排ガス管から分岐する、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 前記内燃エンジンシステム(100)は、38より低いセタン価の燃料によって作動されるよう適合され、そして10:1から30:1までの範囲内にある圧縮比で燃料に着火するよう適合される、請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の内燃エンジンシステム(100)。
- 請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の内燃エンジンシステムを備える、車両。
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- 2011-10-03 EP EP11873700.6A patent/EP2764224B1/en active Active
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BR112014007943A2 (pt) | 2017-04-11 |
CN104066953A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
US9835065B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
CN104066953B (zh) | 2017-09-08 |
EP2764224A4 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
US10704436B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
WO2013051968A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
EP2764224B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
EP2764224A1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
JP2014528545A (ja) | 2014-10-27 |
WO2013051968A8 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
US20150040560A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
US20180058285A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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