JP6126896B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は空気調和装置についてプロペラファンの制御に関する。 The present invention relates to control of a propeller fan for an air conditioner.
本技術分野の背景技術として、特開平１１−２４８３００号公報（特許文献１）がある。この公報には、「空気調和装置に発生する故障部位のうち、室外機の送風機の停止による異常を検知できるシステムを得て、効率的なサービスを行えるように図る。」と示されている。 As background art in this technical field, there is JP-A-11-248300 (Patent Document 1). This publication indicates that “a system capable of detecting an abnormality caused by a stop of a blower of an outdoor unit among faulty parts occurring in an air conditioner is obtained so that an efficient service can be performed”.
前記特許文献１には「空気調和装置に発生する故障部位のうち、室外機の送風機の停止による異常を検知できるシステムを得て、効率的なサービスを行えるように図る。」と示されている。 Patent Document 1 indicates that “a system capable of detecting an abnormality caused by a stop of a blower of an outdoor unit among faulty parts that occur in an air conditioner is obtained so that an efficient service can be performed”. .
しかし、前記特許文献１においては、運転中にプロペラファンに異常が生じ停止した場合、これの検知は可能であるが、運転開始前、運転中にプロペラファンに破損が生じた状態で運転を続けた場合に、これを検知することは出来ない。すると、破損したプロペラファンは回転軸に対し重量のバランスが異なるため、重心が回転軸から大きくずれファンモータの固定部に応力がかかり、振動する。この状態で継続的に運転を行った場合、その他の部品と接触する可能性が考えられ、部品の破損を招き信頼性を損なう虞が生じる。 However, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when an abnormality occurs in the propeller fan during operation and it stops, this can be detected, but the operation is continued in a state where the propeller fan is damaged during operation before the start of operation. If this happens, this cannot be detected. Then, since the damaged propeller fan has a different weight balance with respect to the rotation shaft, the center of gravity is greatly deviated from the rotation shaft, and stress is applied to the fixed portion of the fan motor, which vibrates. If the operation is continuously performed in this state, there is a possibility of contact with other parts, which may cause damage to the parts and impair reliability.
そこで本発明は、運転開始前にプロペラファンの破損が生じた状態で運転を開始した場合に、これを異常として検知できる空気調和装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of detecting an abnormality when the operation is started in a state where the propeller fan is damaged before the operation is started.
上記課題を解決するために、例えば特許請求の範囲に記載の構成を採用する。
本願は上記課題を解決する手段を複数含んでいるが、その一例を挙げるならば、
「室外機と室内機とが冷媒配管により接続して構成され、
前記室外機は、
室外側熱交換器に送風するためのプロペラファンと、
前記プロペラファンを駆動するファンモータと、
前記ファンモータからの出力電流を検出する電流検出部と、
前記ファンモータの磁極位置を検出する位相検出部と、
前記電流検出部により検出した出力電流と前記位相検出部により検出した機械角位相を用いてトルク脈動成分を抽出する脈動成分抽出部と、を備えた空気調和装置において、
前記室外機は、
前記プロペラファンの異常を検知する異常判定部を備え、
前記異常判定部は、前記脈動成分抽出部より抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を超えた場合に前記プロペラファンの異常を検知したとして前記ファンモータを停止すること」を特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, for example, the configuration described in the claims is adopted.
The present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above problems.
“The outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected by a refrigerant pipe.
The outdoor unit is
A propeller fan for blowing air to the outdoor heat exchanger;
A fan motor for driving the propeller fan;
A current detector for detecting an output current from the fan motor;
A phase detector for detecting a magnetic pole position of the fan motor;
In an air conditioner comprising: a pulsation component extraction unit that extracts a torque pulsation component using an output current detected by the current detection unit and a mechanical angle phase detected by the phase detection unit;
The outdoor unit is
An abnormality determination unit that detects an abnormality of the propeller fan,
The abnormality determination unit stops the fan motor when detecting an abnormality of the propeller fan when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit exceeds a preset threshold value. .
本発明によれば、運転開始前にプロペラファンの破損が生じた状態で運転を開始した場合に、これを異常として検知できる空気調和装置を提供することが可能となる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when driving | running is started in the state which the damage of the propeller fan produced before the driving | operation start, it becomes possible to provide the air conditioning apparatus which can detect this as abnormality.
本発明は、空気調和装置の室外機内のプロペラファンが運転開始前に破損していた場合に、これを異常として検知し、ファンモータを停止させ室外機全体の破損を回避する事に関する。以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて詳細に説明する。 The present invention relates to a case where a propeller fan in an outdoor unit of an air conditioner is damaged before the start of operation, which is detected as an abnormality, and the fan motor is stopped to prevent the entire outdoor unit from being damaged. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
本実施例では、空気調和装置の室外機１について説明する。なお、図示はしていないが、本実施例の空気調和装置は室外機１と室内機とが冷媒配管により接続されて冷凍サイクルを構成し、空気調和を行うものである。 A present Example demonstrates the outdoor unit 1 of an air conditioning apparatus. Although not shown, the air conditioner of the present embodiment is configured to perform air conditioning by configuring the refrigeration cycle by connecting the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit through refrigerant piping.
図１は、本実施例の室外機１の構成図の例である。この室外機１は図示しない室外側熱交換器に送風するプロペラファン２と、プロペラファン２を回転駆動するファンモータ３と、を備え、さらにファンモータ３を所望の回転数となるように回転自在に駆動する制御部を備えている。制御部はさらにファンモータ３からの出力電流を検出する電流検出部４と、ファンモータ３の磁極位置を検出する位相検出部５と、電流検出部４により検出した出力電流と、位相検出部５により検出した機械角位相を用いてトルク脈動成分を抽出する脈動成分抽出部６と、プロペラファン２の異常を検知する異常判定部７を備える。 FIG. 1 is an example of a configuration diagram of an outdoor unit 1 of the present embodiment. The outdoor unit 1 includes a propeller fan 2 that blows air to an outdoor heat exchanger (not shown), and a fan motor 3 that rotationally drives the propeller fan 2, and the fan motor 3 is rotatable so as to have a desired rotational speed. The control part which drives to is provided. The control unit further includes a current detection unit 4 that detects an output current from the fan motor 3, a phase detection unit 5 that detects a magnetic pole position of the fan motor 3, an output current detected by the current detection unit 4, and a phase detection unit 5 A pulsation component extraction unit 6 that extracts a torque pulsation component using the mechanical angle phase detected by the above, and an abnormality determination unit 7 that detects an abnormality of the propeller fan 2.
上記した特許文献１には「空気調和装置に発生する故障部位のうち、室外機の送風機の停止による異常を検知できるシステムを得て、効率的なサービスを行えるように図る。」と示されている。しかし、特許文献１においては、運転中にプロペラファンに異常が生じ停止した場合、これの検知は可能であるが、運転開始前、運転中にプロペラファンに破損が生じた状態で運転を続けた場合に、これを検知することは出来ない。すると、破損したプロペラファンは回転軸に対し重量のバランスが異なるため、重心が回転軸から大きくずれファンモータの固定部に応力がかかり、振動する。これにより、その他の部品と接触する可能性が考えられ、部品の破損を招き信頼性を損なう虞が生じる。 The above-described Patent Document 1 indicates that “a system capable of detecting an abnormality caused by a stop of a blower of an outdoor unit among failure parts that occur in an air conditioner is obtained so that an efficient service can be performed”. Yes. However, in Patent Document 1, if an abnormality occurs in the propeller fan during operation and it stops, this can be detected, but the operation was continued in a state where the propeller fan was damaged during operation before the start of operation. In some cases, this cannot be detected. Then, since the damaged propeller fan has a different weight balance with respect to the rotation shaft, the center of gravity is greatly deviated from the rotation shaft, and stress is applied to the fixed portion of the fan motor, which vibrates. As a result, there is a possibility of contact with other parts, which may cause damage to the parts and impair reliability.
そこで、以下の実施例では、運転開始前にプロペラファンの破損が生じた状態で運転開始した場合に、これを異常として検知できる空気調和装置について説明する。 Therefore, in the following embodiment, an air conditioner that can detect an abnormality when the operation is started in a state where the propeller fan is damaged before the operation is started will be described.
本実施例の空気調和装置において異常判定部７は運転開始後に脈動成分抽出部６より抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を超えた場合にプロペラファン２の異常を検出したとしてファンモータ３を停止し、室外機１全体の破損を避ける。 In the air conditioner of the present embodiment, the abnormality determination unit 7 detects that the abnormality of the propeller fan 2 is detected when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit 6 after the start of operation exceeds a preset threshold value. 3 is stopped, and the whole outdoor unit 1 is avoided from being damaged.
図２は、本実施例の脈動成分抽出部６の構成図の例である。
脈動成分抽出部６の入力値となる、ｑ軸電流フィードバック値はファンモータからの三相の出力電流（Ｉｕ、Ｉｖ、Ｉｗ）を検出し、αβ変換、ｄｑ変換の順に変換した結果を１次遅れフィルタ処理することで算出することができる。αβ変換、ｄｑ変換は次式により算出できる。
FIG. 2 is an example of a configuration diagram of the pulsation component extraction unit 6 of the present embodiment.
The q-axis current feedback value, which is the input value of the pulsation component extraction unit 6, detects the three-phase output current (Iu, Iv, Iw) from the fan motor, and converts the result of αβ conversion and dq conversion in this order. It can be calculated by delay filter processing. αβ conversion and dq conversion can be calculated by the following equations.
なお、モータ電流（Ｉｕ、Ｉｖ、Ｉｗ）の検出方法には、モータ電流の出力部に抵抗値の小さい抵抗を接続し、その抵抗にかかる電圧からの検出や、電流センサによる検出等様々な方法がある。本実施例では電流検出部４は図１下図に示すようにインバータの直流部分に流れる電流をシャント抵抗の両端に発生する電圧から測定し、制御部内の図示しない電流演算部によって、モータ電流（Ｉｕ、Ｉｖ、Ｉｗ）を導出するものである。
ｄｑ変換時のθdcはｄ軸位相であり、ファンモータの磁極位置を示す。脈動成分抽出部６の二つ目の入力値である機械角位相θrはθdcをから算出する。次式に示す。
Δθr＝Δθdc／極対数
θrはΔθrを積算し算出する。上記の２つの入力ｑ軸電流フィードバック値、機械角位相θrから脈動成分を抽出する。機械角位相θrからｓｉｎ、ｃｏｓ演算８によりｓｉｎθr、ｃｏｓθrを算出し、ｑ軸電流フィードバック値とかけ合わせ、１次遅れフィルタ処理９を行うことで、高周波成分を除去する。ここで、実施する１次遅れフィルタ処理の時定数の設定値の設定には、実機による試験を基に、トルク脈動の周期を抽出出来る様にシミュレーションにより設定する。すなわち、フィルタ時定数の設定には脈動成分を抽出するためにフィルタ時定数を脈動周期より大きくする必要があるため、トルク脈動が発生するプロペラファンの回転周期に対しそれよりも大きい時定数を設定する。１次遅れフィルタ処理９後、再度ｓｉｎθr、ｃｏｓθrをかけ、足し合わせ、調整ゲインＫにより脈動成分の調整を行うことで、機械角位相θrの周期で脈動する成分のみを抽出することが出来る。サンプリング周期、フィルタ時定数の設定値の一例を図２に示す。
The motor current (Iu, Iv, Iw) can be detected by various methods such as connecting a resistor having a small resistance value to the motor current output section, detecting from the voltage applied to the resistor, and detecting by a current sensor. There is. In this embodiment, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 1, the current detection unit 4 measures the current flowing through the DC portion of the inverter from the voltage generated at both ends of the shunt resistor, and the motor current (Iu) is measured by a current calculation unit (not shown) in the control unit. , Iv, Iw).
θ dc at the time of dq conversion is a d-axis phase and indicates the magnetic pole position of the fan motor. The mechanical angle phase θ r that is the second input value of the pulsation component extraction unit 6 is calculated from θ dc . It is shown in the following formula.
Δθ r = Δθ dc / number of pole pairs
θ r is calculated by integrating Δθ r . A pulsation component is extracted from the two input q-axis current feedback values and the mechanical angle phase θ r . Calculated sin [theta r, the cos [theta] r by sin, cos Operations 8 from mechanical angle phase theta r, combined over a q-axis current feedback values, by performing the first-order lag filter 9, to remove high-frequency components. Here, the setting value of the time constant of the first-order lag filter processing to be performed is set by simulation so that the period of torque pulsation can be extracted based on a test by an actual machine. That is, in order to set the filter time constant, it is necessary to make the filter time constant larger than the pulsation period in order to extract the pulsation component, so a time constant larger than that is set for the rotation period of the propeller fan that generates torque pulsation. To do. After the first-order lag filter processing 9, sin θ r and cos θ r are again applied and added, and the pulsation component is adjusted by the adjustment gain K, so that only the component that pulsates at the cycle of the mechanical angle phase θ r can be extracted. I can do it. An example of the set values of the sampling period and the filter time constant is shown in FIG.
ここで本実施例の異常判定部７は、脈動成分抽出部６より抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を超えた場合にプロペラファン２の異常を検知したとしてファンモータ３を停止するものである。この場合、瞬時停電によりモータ電流の波形が乱れる等の一時的な状態に対しプロペラファン２の異常であると誤検知する虞がある。そこで本実施例では、設定するしきい値は、実機による試験を基に、脈動する成分の振幅から設定値を決める。この設定値については、正常に動作している場合の電流値の最大値、最小値の測定からトルク脈動成分を算出し、正常動作時のトルク脈動成分の最大値より十分に大きくプロペラファン破損時トルク脈動成分の最大値より小さい値に設定することで誤検知を抑制しつつ、プロペラファン２の異常を検知することが可能となる。 Here, the abnormality determination unit 7 of this embodiment stops the fan motor 3 on the assumption that the abnormality of the propeller fan 2 is detected when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit 6 exceeds a preset threshold value. Is. In this case, there is a possibility that the propeller fan 2 is erroneously detected as being abnormal with respect to a temporary state such as a waveform of the motor current being disturbed by an instantaneous power failure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the threshold value to be set is determined from the amplitude of the pulsating component based on a test using an actual machine. For this setting value, the torque pulsation component is calculated from the measurement of the maximum and minimum current values when operating normally, and is sufficiently larger than the maximum value of the torque pulsation component during normal operation. By setting a value smaller than the maximum value of the torque pulsation component, it is possible to detect an abnormality of the propeller fan 2 while suppressing erroneous detection.
誤検知を避けるために、図３は脈動成分抽出部６にて抽出した成分波形を基に異常判定部７の検知条件の例を示す。横軸を時間、縦軸をトルク脈動の抽出成分とする。図３に示す異常判定１０は、異常判定部７において脈動成分抽出部６により抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を所定時間内に所定回数を超えた場合にプロペラファン２の異常を検出したとしてファンモータ３を停止する。この場合、図３に示すように一定期間ｔn-1〜ｔnの間にトルク脈動の抽出成分がしきい値を所定回数超えた場合に、異常な状態が継続的に続いていると判定する。 In order to avoid erroneous detection, FIG. 3 shows an example of detection conditions of the abnormality determination unit 7 based on the component waveform extracted by the pulsation component extraction unit 6. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents torque pulsation extraction components. The abnormality determination 10 shown in FIG. 3 indicates that the abnormality of the propeller fan 2 is detected when the torque pulsation component extracted by the pulsation component extraction unit 6 in the abnormality determination unit 7 exceeds a preset threshold value within a predetermined time. If detected, the fan motor 3 is stopped. In this case, when the extract component of the torque pulsation is greater than a predetermined number of times threshold value during a predetermined period t n-1 ~t n as shown in FIG. 3, an abnormal state is continued subsequently determined To do.
以上に説明した方法により、破損したプロペラファン２が回転軸に対し重量のバランスが異なる状態で運転することで重心が回転軸から大きくずれ、ファンモータ３の固定部に応力がかかって振動する場合でも他の部品に接触する虞を避けることができ、信頼性を向上することが可能となる。 When the damaged propeller fan 2 is operated in a state where the weight balance is different with respect to the rotating shaft by the method described above, the center of gravity deviates greatly from the rotating shaft, and the fixed portion of the fan motor 3 is subjected to stress and vibrates. However, the possibility of coming into contact with other parts can be avoided and the reliability can be improved.
また、誤検知を避けるための別の方法として、異常判定１１があり、この場合、異常判定部７において、脈動成分抽出部６より抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を所定サンプリング回数の内に、所定回数を超えた場合にプロペラファン２の異常を検出したとして前記ファンモータ３を停止する。この場合、サンプリング回数ｍに対し、所定回数を超えた場合に、異常な状態が継続的に続いていると判定する。 Another method for avoiding erroneous detection is abnormality determination 11. In this case, the abnormality determination unit 7 sets a preset threshold value of the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit 6 a predetermined number of times of sampling. Among them, the fan motor 3 is stopped when it is detected that an abnormality of the propeller fan 2 is detected when the predetermined number of times is exceeded. In this case, when the predetermined number of times is exceeded with respect to the sampling number m, it is determined that the abnormal state continues continuously.
なお、トルク脈動の周期は破損したプロペラファン２の回転周期となるため、トルク脈動の周期が定周期となり、その１周期で１サンプリングする。異常判定部７は、脈動成分抽出部６より抽出したトルク脈動成分が設定しきい値を所定のサンプリング回数ｍの内に、所定回数を超えた場合にプロペラファン２の異常を検出したとしてファンモータ３を停止する。 Since the torque pulsation cycle is the rotation cycle of the damaged propeller fan 2, the torque pulsation cycle is a constant cycle, and one sampling is performed in that cycle. The abnormality determination unit 7 detects that the abnormality of the propeller fan 2 is detected when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit 6 exceeds the set threshold value within a predetermined number of samplings m. 3 is stopped.
また、ファンモータ３の出力電流以外に、ファンモータ３の軸誤差の脈動成分の抽出による異常検出も可能である。脈動成分抽出方法と異常判定条件はファンモータ３の出力電流による異常検出と同様となる。 Further, in addition to the output current of the fan motor 3, an abnormality can be detected by extracting the pulsating component of the axis error of the fan motor 3. The pulsation component extraction method and the abnormality determination condition are the same as those in the abnormality detection based on the output current of the fan motor 3.
１ 室外機
２ プロペラファン
３ ファンモータ
４ 電流検出部
５ 位相検出部
６ 脈動成分抽出部
７ 異常判定部
８ ｓｉｎ、ｃｏｓ演算
９ １次遅れフィルタ
１０、１１ 異常判定
１１ プロペラファン
１２ ファンモータ
ＩｑＦｂ ｑ軸電流フィードバック値
θr 機械角位相
Ｔs サンプリング周期
Ｔa フィルタ時定数
Ｋ ゲイン
ｍ サンプリング回数
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outdoor unit 2 Propeller fan 3 Fan motor 4 Current detection part 5 Phase detection part 6 Pulsation component extraction part 7 Abnormality determination part 8 Sin, cos calculation 9 Primary delay filter 10, 11 Abnormality determination 11 Propeller fan 12 Fan motor IqFb q axis Current feedback value θ r Mechanical angle phase T s Sampling period T a Filter time constant K Gain m Number of samplings
Claims (3)
前記室外機は、
室外側熱交換器に送風するためのプロペラファンと、
前記プロペラファンを駆動するファンモータと、
前記ファンモータからの出力電流を検出する電流検出部と、
前記ファンモータの磁極位置を検出する位相検出部と、
前記電流検出部により検出した出力電流と前記位相検出部により検出した機械角位相を用いてトルク脈動成分を抽出する脈動成分抽出部と、を備えた空気調和装置において、
前記室外機は、
前記プロペラファンの異常を検知する異常判定部を備え、
前記異常判定部は、前記脈動成分抽出部より抽出したトルク脈動成分が予め設定したしきい値を超えた場合に前記プロペラファンの異常を検知したとして前記ファンモータを停止することを特徴とする空気調和装置。 An outdoor unit and an indoor unit are connected by a refrigerant pipe,
The outdoor unit is
A propeller fan for blowing air to the outdoor heat exchanger;
A fan motor for driving the propeller fan;
A current detector for detecting an output current from the fan motor;
A phase detector for detecting a magnetic pole position of the fan motor;
In an air conditioner comprising: a pulsation component extraction unit that extracts a torque pulsation component using an output current detected by the current detection unit and a mechanical angle phase detected by the phase detection unit;
The outdoor unit is
An abnormality determination unit that detects an abnormality of the propeller fan,
The abnormality determining unit stops the fan motor when detecting an abnormality of the propeller fan when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit exceeds a preset threshold value. Harmony device.
前記異常判定部は、前記脈動成分抽出部より抽出したトルク脈動成分が前記しきい値を所定時間内に所定回数を超えた場合に前記プロペラファンの異常を検出したとして前記ファンモータを停止することを特徴とする空気調和装置。 In the air conditioning apparatus according to claim 1,
The abnormality determination unit stops the fan motor when detecting an abnormality of the propeller fan when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit exceeds the threshold value a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time. An air conditioner characterized by.
前記異常判定部は、前記脈動成分抽出部より抽出したトルク脈動成分が前記しきい値を所定サンプリング回数の内に、所定回数を超えた場合に前記プロペラファンの異常を検出したとして前記ファンモータを停止することを特徴とする空気調和装置。 In the air conditioning apparatus according to claim 1,
The abnormality determination unit detects the abnormality of the propeller fan when the torque pulsation component extracted from the pulsation component extraction unit exceeds the threshold value within a predetermined number of times, and detects the abnormality of the propeller fan. An air conditioner characterized by stopping.
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| WO2016162939A1 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | ジョンソンコントロールズ ヒタチ エア コンディショニング テクノロジー （ホンコン） リミテッド | Air conditioner |
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