JP6120452B2 - 抗体製剤 - Google Patents
抗体製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6120452B2 JP6120452B2 JP2014539136A JP2014539136A JP6120452B2 JP 6120452 B2 JP6120452 B2 JP 6120452B2 JP 2014539136 A JP2014539136 A JP 2014539136A JP 2014539136 A JP2014539136 A JP 2014539136A JP 6120452 B2 JP6120452 B2 JP 6120452B2
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Description
本願は、その全体が出典明示によりここに援用される2011年10月31日出願の米国仮出願第61/553916号の優先権の利益を主張する。
本願は、EFS−Webを介してASCIIフォーマットで提出され、その全体が出典明示によりここに援用される配列表を含む。2012年10月4日作成の上記ASCIIコピーは、P4786R1W.txtとの名を付けており、サイズは22776バイトである。
本明細書を解釈する目的のために、次の定義が適用され、単数形で使用される用語は、適切であるときは複数も含み、逆もまた成り立つ。下記で示される何らかの定義が参照により本明細書中に組み込まれる何らかの書類と対立する場合、以下で示される定義が優先する。
喘息は、気道炎症、応答性亢進及び閉塞を含む慢性肺疾患として記載される。生理的に、気道応答性亢進は、メタコリン又はヒスタミンでの気管支誘発試験後の気管支の気流減少によって明らかにされる。気道閉塞を誘発する他の誘発因子としては、冷気、運動、上気道ウイルス感染、喫煙及び呼吸器アレルゲンが挙げられる。アレルゲンでの気管支誘発試験により、迅速な初期免疫グロブリンE(IgE)が介在する気管支気流の減少と、多くの患者ではそれに続く4から8時間にわたる気管支気流減少を伴う晩期IgE介在反応が誘発される。初期反応は、ヒスタミン、PGD−2−、ロイコトリエン、トリプターゼ及び血小板活性化因子(PAF)などの炎症性物質の急性放出によって引き起こされ、一方で晩期反応は、デノボ合成されたプロ炎症性サイトカイン(例えばTNFα、IL4、IL13)及びケモカイン(例えばMCP−1及びΜΙΡ−Ια)によって引き起こされる(Busseら、Allergy:Principles and Practice,Ed.Middleston,1173(1998)において)。慢性喘息患者において、持続性の肺症状にはTh2細胞の反応の高まりが介在する。Th2サイトカインは、げっ歯類の喘息モデルで示されるように(Akbariら、Nature Med.,9:582(2003))、特に気道におけるNK表現型(NKT)があるTh2細胞により産生されるIL13及びIL4は、この疾患に極めて重要な関与があると考えられる(Larcheら、J Allergy Clin.Immunol.,111:450(2003))。喘息性気道の肉眼的所見は、肺の過膨脹、平滑筋肥厚、網状板肥大、粘膜浮腫、上皮細胞腐肉形成、繊毛細胞崩壊及び粘液腺分泌過多を示す。顕微鏡的に、喘息は、気管支組織における好酸球、好中球、リンパ球及び形質細胞数、気管支分泌物及び粘液の増加があることを特徴とする。最初に、活性化CD4+T−リンパ球による血流から気道への白血球の動員がある。活性化T−リンパ球はまた、好酸球、肥満細胞及びリンパ球からの炎症性メディエーターの放出にも向かわせる。更に、Th2細胞は、IL4、IL5、IL9及びIL13を産生する。IL4は、IL13と合わせて、IgMからIgE抗体へのスイッチをシグナル伝達する。
喘息及び他の肺疾患の治療のための治療剤が本明細書中で提供される。一実施態様では、治療剤は抗IL13抗体であり、またレブリキズマブとも呼ばれる。IgG4抗体としてのレブリキズマブ。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、3つの重鎖CDR、つまり、CDR−H1(配列番号1)、CDR−H2(配列番号2)及びCDR−H3(配列番号3)を含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、3つの軽鎖CDR、つまり、CDR−L1(配列番号4)、CDR−L2(配列番号5)及びCDR−L3(配列番号6)を含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、3つの重鎖CDR及び3つの軽鎖CDR、つまり、CDR−H1(配列番号1)、CDR−H2(配列番号2)、CDR−H3(配列番号3)、CDR−L1(配列番号4)、CDR−L2(配列番号5)及びCDR−L3(配列番号6)を含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号7及び8から選択されるアミノ酸配列を有する可変重鎖領域VHを含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号9のアミノ酸配列を有する可変軽鎖領域VLを含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号7及び8から選択されるアミノ酸配列を有する可変重鎖領域VHと、配列番号9のアミノ酸配列を有する可変軽鎖領域VLとを含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号10又は配列番号11又は配列番号12又は配列番号13のアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖を含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号14のアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖を含む。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、配列番号10、配列番号11、配列番号12及び配列番号13から選択されるアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖と配列番号14のアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖とを含む。抗IL13抗体は、国際公開第2005/062967号で更に記載されている。
ある例では、ある治療剤での治療のために患者を選択する手段として、患者から得られる生体試料においてバイオマーカー、例えば血清バイオマーカーを定量する。米国特許出願第61/459760号、同第61/465425号、同第61/484650号及び同第61/574485号(「Diagnosis and Treatments Related to TH2 Inhibition)は、ペリオスチンアッセイ及び本明細書中に記載の抗IL13抗体製剤での治療のために患者を選択する方法を記載する。
抗IL13抗体を含有する製剤は、当技術分野で公知であり、本明細書中で更に記載されるようなある一定の賦形剤及び技術を用いて調製され、分析され得る。所定の実施態様では、処方しようとする抗体は、予め凍結乾燥に供されておらず、本明細書中の関心のある製剤は水性製剤である。所定の実施態様では、本抗体は、全長抗体である。一実施態様では、本製剤中の抗体は、抗体断片、例えばF(ab’)2であり、この場合、全長抗体に対して起こり得ない問題(Fabへの抗体の切り出しなど)に対処する必要があり得る。本製剤中に存在する抗体の治療的有効量は、例えば所望の用量体積及び投与方式を考慮することにより決定される。本製剤において、代表的な抗体濃度は、約0.1mg/mLから約250mg/mL又は約10mg/mLから約200mg/mL又は約50mg/mLから約175mg/mLである。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、125mg/mLの濃度で処方される。一実施態様では、本抗IL13抗体は、150mg/mLの濃度で処方される。
抗体は、例えば米国特許第4816567号に記載のように、組換え法及び組成物を用いて作製され得る。一実施態様では、本明細書中に記載の抗IL13抗体をコードする単離核酸が提供される。このような核酸は、抗体のVLを含むアミノ酸配列及び/又はVHを含むアミノ酸配列をコードし得る(例えば抗体の軽及び/又は重鎖)。更なる実施態様において、このような核酸を含む1以上のベクター(例えば発現ベクター)が提供される。更なる実施態様において、このような核酸を含む宿主細胞が提供される。あるこのような実施態様において、宿主細胞は、(1)抗体のVLを含むアミノ酸配列及び抗体のVHを含むアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含むベクター又は(2)抗体のVLを含むアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含む第一のベクター及び抗体のVHを含むアミノ酸配列をコードする核酸を含む第二のベクターを含む(例えばこれらで形質転換されている。)。一実施態様では、宿主細胞は、真核細胞、例えばチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞又はリンパ系細胞(例えばY0、NS0、Sp20細胞)である。一実施態様では、抗IL13抗体を作製する方法が提供されるが、この方法は、抗体の発現に適切な条件下で上記で提供されるように抗体をコードする核酸を含む宿主細胞を培養し、場合によっては宿主細胞(又は宿主細胞培養液)から抗体を回収することを含む。
当技術分野で公知の様々なアッセイによって、本明細書中で提供される抗IL13抗体を同定し、それらの物理的/化学的特性及び/又は生物学的活性についてスクリーニングするか、又は特徴を評価し得る。
ある態様において、例えばELISA、ウエスタンブロットなどの公知の方法によって、抗IL13抗体をその抗原結合活性について試験する。
ある態様において、生物学的活性を有する抗IL−13抗体を同定するために、アッセイが提供される。生物学的活性には、例えば喘息における活性が含まれ得る。インビボ及び/又はインビトロでこのような生物学的活性を有する抗体も提供される。所定の実施態様では、このような生物学的活性について本発明の抗体が試験される。
本製剤を含有し、その使用に対する説明書を提供する製造品が提供される。本製造品は、容器を含む。適切な容器としては、例えば、瓶、バイアル(例えば二重チャンバーバイアル)、シリンジ(単一又は二重チャンバーシリンジなど)及び試験管が挙げられる。本容器は、ガラス又はプラスチックなどの様々な材料から形成され得る。本容器は製剤を保持し、本容器上にあるか又は本容器と連結されるラベルは、再構成及び/又は使用に対する指示を示し得る。本ラベルは、製剤が皮下投与に対し有用であるか又は対象としたものであることを更に示し得る。製剤を保持する容器はマルチユースバイアルであり得、これにより再構成された製剤の反復投与(例えば2から6回投与)が可能となる。本製造品は、適切な希釈剤(例えばBWFI)を含む第二の容器を更に含み得る。希釈剤及び凍結乾燥製剤の混合時、再構成された製剤中の最終タンパク質濃度は一般に少なくとも50mg/mLとなろう。本製造品は、使用のための説明書とともに、他のバッファー、希釈液、フィルター、針、シリンジ及び添付文書を含め、商業上及びユーザーの観点から望ましい他の材料を更に含み得る。
材料及び方法
材料及び試料調製手順
ヒト化IgG4モノクローナル抗体である抗IL13を除き、下記で記載される実験において使用される他の抗体は全て、ヒト化IgG1モノクローナル抗体であった。モノクローナル抗体をチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞株において発現させ、タンパク質A及びイオン交換クロマトグラフィー法を含め一連の標準的なクロマトグラフィー段階により精製した。溶液バッファー及び安定化剤が添加された接線流ろ過から濃縮溶液として精製抗体を得た。これらを、下記の研究のための出発材料として使用する保存用抗体溶液とした。
光散乱用の試料調製では、MilliQ水で洗浄し、ろ過済み窒素気流下で乾燥させた20mLのTeflon(登録商標)で裏打ちされた隔壁キャップバイアルを使用した。およそ80mg/mLの適切な体積の保存用mAb溶液を採取し、最初に適切なバッファーでおよそ8mg/mLに希釈し、次いで20mLの0.2μmろ過済みバッファーで最終希釈を行うことによって、様々な濃度の試料を調製した。測定開始前に、各バッファー状態に対する全部で8種類のタンパク質濃度(0.05から1.1mg/mL mAb)を室温で14から18時間平衡化した。測定は全て、タンパク質濃度が漸増する一連の溶液として行い、各実験は3つ組で行った。25mm Millipore(Millipore,Billerica,MA)溶媒フィルター(PVDF、0.1μm)付きのAgilent溶媒脱気装置及びアイソクラチックポンプ(Agilent,Palo Alto,CA)を0.5mL/分の連続流速で使用した。試料注入は、2mL注入ループ及び0.1μm、10mM PVDF膜付きのWyatt Technology Deutschlandインラインマイクロフィルターを用いて構成されるGilson GX281(Gilson,Inc.,Middleton WI)液体処理ユニットで自動化した。280nmで測定するAgilent MWD UV検出器、続いて増幅率を21xに低下させた18−アングルEOS MALS検出器(Wyatt Technology Corporation,Santa Barbara,CA)を用いて、濃度及び光散乱測定を順次行った。データを得て、Astra(商標)4.90.07(WTC)ソフトウェアで処理し、スライス結果を転送することによって更なる分析を行った。データの直線回帰フィッティングを行い、濃度に対するK*c/R(θ=0)/K*c/又は1/MWappのプロットから、勾配=2B2及び1/Mwoの切片、無限希釈での重量平均分子量が得られる。
23℃の水冷式ペルチェ温度制御セットを用いた全静的光散乱測定のために、Wyatt Technology(Santa Barbara,CA)からの30mW固体レーザー(λ=690nm)付きの18−アングルDawn EOS光散乱検出器を使用した。99.9%トルエン(クロマトグラフィーグレード)を用いてこの機器を較正した。典型的なシンチレーションバイアル実験の場合、38°から148°の固定角度で、全ての光ダイオードに対して1xの検出器増幅率設定を使用した。抗CD11aの回転半径(Rg)は10nm未満なので、各実験の終了時に21xの光ダイオード検出器の増幅率設定を使用して90°検出器に対する光ダイオードの角度依存性を正規化するために、抗CD11aの希釈溶液(1から2mg/mL)を各塩濃度で使用した。0.5mg/mLから275mg/mLのmAb濃度の関数として、及びNaCl濃度(0から600mM)の関数として、静的光散乱強度の測定を行った。12点/分の頻度のデータ回収で、5から10分の間隔で各試料/バイアルに対する散乱データを回収した。Astra4.90.07ソフトウェア(Wyatt Technology Corporation,Santa Barbara,CA)を使用して静的光散乱データを得て、処理し、計算に対して0.185のdn/dc値を適用し、スライス結果として転送し得た。Microsoft Excel,Origin v7.5及びMATLAB R14において、転送された結果を用いた更なる分析及び計算を行った。高濃度光散乱データについては、分子量の増加が濃度依存性の可逆的な自己会合の存在に相当した場合、MWapp対mAb濃度の形式の結果を解釈することがより容易であることが多かった。(例えばScherer,T.M.,ら、The Journal of Physical Chemistry B114(40):12948−12957(2010);Minton,A.P.,JPharm Sci 96(12):3466−9(2007);Minton,A.P.Biophysical Journal 93(4):1321−1328(2007)を参照のこと。
Agilent8453分光光度計を使用することによって、高濃度光散乱実験からの試験タンパク質溶液に対する、及びpHスクリーニング実験からのタンパク質溶液に対する濁度を(それぞれ以下で更に記載のように)周囲温度で測定した。波長350nmでの吸収の平均として濁度を計算したが、340nmから360nmの波長範囲にわたる5nm増分での吸収値の合計を5で除した。1cm経路長の小体積クオーツキュベット中でタンパク質溶液の測定を行った。690nmでの吸収も記録した。
MicroCalキャピラリー示差走査熱量計を使用することによって、タンパク質の熱立体構造安定性を評価した。バッファー中でMAbを1mg/mLに希釈した。500μLのタンパク質及びその適合バッファーを96ウェルプレートに入れた。60℃/時の走査速度で15から95℃に温度を上昇させながら、熱容量を監視した。VPViewer 2000 Cap DSCを使用してデータを得て、MicroCal,LLC DSC Data Analysisを使用してデータを分析した。Yadav,S.ら、J Pharm Sci.99(3):1152−68(2010)を参照のこと。
散乱強度の90°検出を行うHACH(モデル2100AN IS)Laboratory Turbidimeter Instrumentを使用して比濁測定を行った。0から0.5の相対濁度標準濃度でFormazin standard 4000ネフェロメ濁度単位(NTU)保存溶液を用いて検出器を較正した。試料をキュベットに入れ、2つ組で測定し、試料の平均NTUを報告した。
円錐及び平板測定系を使用して、MCR300レオメータ(Anton Paar,Ashland,VA)により試料の粘度を測定した。試料を下の測定プレート上に載せ、25℃で熱平衡に来るようにした。溶媒蒸発を防ぐために、溶媒トラップを使用した。試料には、2サイクルのせん断速度掃引(各サイクルは、10秒−1から1000秒−1に一定の比率で上昇、1000秒−1で1分間維持、1000秒−1から10秒−1に一定の比率で下降させることを含む。)を行った。サイクル間に1分間の休止が1回ある。報告値は、一つの試料の2回の1000秒−1でのせん断速度掃引の平均である。エラーバーは、ミリパスカル−秒(mPas)の単位の2回の走査の標準偏差を表す。1000秒−1で全部で2分間、試料をせん断応力下に置いた。発明者らは1000秒−1を選んだが、これは、この範囲(200秒−1<せん断速度<2000秒−1)で、粘度がせん断速度に比較的依存しないからである。ある一つの試料の2つのアリコート間の粘度の相違は1000秒−1で±0.5mPa以内であった。US200ソフトウェア(Anton Paar,Ashland,VA)を使用して各せん断速度での測定時間を最適化した。
液体−液体相分離(LLPS)が起こる系の場合、温度が低下する結果、一つの液相の液滴が他方の相において形成される。これらの液滴が形成される温度は、曇り点温度と呼ばれ、顕微鏡によるか又は溶液の透過性を監視することによるかの何れかで、実験的に測定され得る。ここに記載の実験の場合、曇り点温度は、Aviv 14DS分光光度計(Aviv Biomedical,Lakewood,NJ)における温度の関数として600nmでの透過性の喪失を監視することによって決定した。5mm平方のキュベットにおよそ0.6mLの抗体溶液を満たした。熱電冷却器を用いて0.5℃の刻み幅で25℃から0℃まで温度を低下させた。透過性を記録する前に各温度で試料を10分間平衡化した。曇り点温度は、%透過率が出発値の50%まで低下した温度とした(Asherie,2004)。Aviv Biomedicalモデル14S UV−Vis分光光度計を使用することによって、様々なタンパク質濃度及び様々な実験溶液での抗IL13相分離に対するTcを測定した。25℃から0℃の温度スキャンで、−0.5℃の刻み幅で、600秒の平衡時間及び600nmの波長で、温度データに対する%透過率を回収した。1cm経路長のクオーツキュベット中でタンパク質溶液の測定を行った。
凝集物及び断片を定量するために、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィーを使用した。このアッセイは、TSK G3000 SWXLTM、7.8X300mmカラムを利用し、25℃にてHP1100TM HPLC系で行った。移動相で試料を2mg/mLに希釈し、注射体積を25μLとした。移動相は、0.2M K2HPO4、0.25M KCl、pH6.2であり、30分間にわたり0.5mL/分の一定流速でタンパク質を溶出した。280nmで溶出液吸収を監視した。HP CHEMSTATIONM(商標)ソフトウェアを用いて積分を行った。
抗IL13抗体安定性試料の電荷(酸性及び塩基性)変異を定量するために、icIEFを使用して試料をアッセイした。この方法では、PrinCEマイクロインジェクター付きのiCE280Analyzer(Convergent Bioscience)においてフルオロカーボン被覆キャピラリー(Convergent Bioscience)を使用した。GE Healthcare Biosciencesから陽極液及び陰極液の溶液を購入し;Convergent BioscienceからpIマーカーの溶液を購入した。)。
488nm励起のLIF検出器を備える、20から40±2℃でキャピラリー温度調節が可能なBeckman P/ACE MDQ又はPA800キャピラリー電気泳動系を使用してCE−SDSを行った。
ヒト気管支上皮細胞株、L−Beas−2B細胞(ATCCより入手可能、ATCCカタログ番号CRL−9609(商標))において抗IL13抗体溶液のIL−13誘導性ルシフェラーゼ発現阻害能を測定する細胞培養アッセイを使用して、抗IL13抗体溶液の生物学的活性又は効力を評価した。様々な濃度の抗IL13抗体標準物質、対照及び試料を固定濃度のIL−13(例えばrhu−IL13、Peprotech、カタログ番号200−13)と混合し、2x105細胞/mLの濃度でL−Beas−2B細胞が播種されている96−ウェルプレートに添加した。温置後、製造者の説明書(Bright−Glo(商標)ルシフェラーゼアッセイ系、Promegaカタログ番号E2620、E2650又はBrite−Lite Plus,Perkin Elmer カタログ番号6016761)に従い、発光ルシフェラーゼ基質を使用して、ルシフェラーゼ発現を定量した。各抗体溶液に対する希釈曲線を作成し、参照物質と比較した。その結果を相対的発光単位(RLU)として表した。最小二乗及び平行線分析プログラムの方法を使用して、相対効力推定値を計算した。相対効力推定値に参照物質の比活性を乗じることによって、%比活性を計算した。
以下の表は、VH、VL、重鎖配列及び軽鎖配列とともに、レブリキズマブのCDR−H1、CDR−H2、CDR−H3、CDR−L1、CDR−L2及びCDR−L3領域のアミノ酸配列を示す。以下の表1で示されるように、VH及び重鎖は、N末端グルタミンを含み得、重鎖はまた、C末端リジンも含み得る。当技術分野で周知であるように、N末端グルタミン残基はピログルタミン酸を形成し得、C末端リジン残基は、製造過程中に切り出され得る。
様々なpHでの抗IL13抗体製剤の物理的及び化学的安定性
5.4から7.8のpH範囲をカバーするために、20mMヒスチジンアセテート又は20mMリン酸ナトリウムの何れかを使用して様々なpHのバッファーを調製した。ヒスチジンアセテートバッファーは5.4から6.0のpH範囲をカバーし、リン酸ナトリウムバッファーは6.6から7.8のpH範囲をカバーした。各バッファーpHに対して、次のものを一定に保持した:150mg/mLの抗IL13抗体濃度、175mMスクロース及び0.3mg/mL(0.03%)ポリソルベート20。
20mMヒスチジンアセテート、pH5.7、175mMスクロース、0.3mg/mLポリソルベート20中で150mg/mLで処方された抗IL13抗体に対して観察された粘度(25℃で<15cP)が様々な異なる抗体に対して一般に観察されるか否かを探索するために、発明者らは、150mg/mLの同様の製剤中の3種類の更なる抗体の粘度を試験した。抗IL13抗体に対して観察されるようなこのような粘度プロファイルは、高抗体濃度での、薬物投与のある種の経路、例えば皮下注射のための製造に望ましい。図7で示されるように、抗IL13抗体は、抗CD11a抗体と同様の粘度プロファイルを維持し、25℃で粘度は<15cPであった。一方で、抗CD20抗体及びmAb−1抗体は極めて異なる粘度プロファイルを示した。150mg/mLの抗CD20抗体の粘度は、25℃で>15cPであり、一方でmAb−1は、図7で見られ得るとおり粘度に関する重大な問題ゆえに、このバッファー製剤中では150mg/mLで処方できなかった。図7から、125mg/mLでのmAb−1の粘度が25℃で>45cPであったことが示される。従って、このデータから、20mMヒスチジンアセテート、pH5.7、175mMスクロース、0.3mg/mLポリソルベート20中で150mg/mLで処方される場合、抗体によってレオロジー特性が異なるということが明らかである。
発明者らは、90度比濁法及びA350濁度の測定を使用して、抗CD20抗体製剤と比較した、抗IL13抗体製剤の外観及び乳白光の特徴を評価した。図8は、ネフェロメ濁度単位(NTU)における2種類の異なる抗体製剤の外観の定量を示す。図8において、R1、R2、R3及びR4は参照標準物質を指し、R4は最大の視覚的な乳白光の度合いを有し、R1は最小である。抗IL13及び抗CD20抗体に対するA350濁度の測定は図9で示す。図9で示されるように、各抗体製剤に対して、タンパク質濃度の上昇につれて濁度が上昇した。これらの図で示される結果から、本質的に測定されるものが異なるために、特により高いタンパク質濃度で、2種類の抗体に対する外観の2種類の異なる測定が異なる傾向を有することが明らかとなる。このデータはまた、測定の傾向が、溶液乳白光が上昇しているように見えるこれらの2種類の抗体間で一致することも示す。
発明者らは、製剤組成及び溶液pHの関数として、キャピラリー示差走査熱量計において、2つの部分的に分解されたピークに対する熱融解転移ピークを測定した。結果を図14で示す。図14で示されるように、pHの関数として抗IL13に対する最大の融解転移挙動がpH6.0から7.5の間で観察された。一般的な科学的見解は、融解転移が起こるのが低いほど、何らかの期間での保存時のその系の予想される物理的安定性が低くなるというものである。例えばChiら、Protein Science 12(5):903−913(2003);Chiら、Pharmaceutical Research 20(9):1325−1336(2003);Goldbergら、J.Pharm.Sciences 100(4):1306−1315(2011)を参照のこと。従って、抗IL13抗体製剤(pH5.7)に対する本明細書中で示される物理的安定性データは驚くべきものであり、予想外であった。
抗体の希釈溶液(0.10から1mg/mLの間)を使用した静的光散乱並びに200mg/mL超での抗体濃度の光散乱によってコロイド安定性を測定した。コロイド安定性とは、溶液中で懸濁された巨大分子の溶液挙動を指し、これによりモノクローナル抗体などの巨大分子間の平衡、時間平均相互作用を調べることができる。理論により縛られるものではないが、相互作用が反発的である場合、溶液組成物は安定なままであると予想され得る。しかし、溶質分子間で正味の誘因性相互作用が起こり、これは一般に相転移及びタンパク質溶解性の問題と関連する。
長期の安定性及び効力を試験するために、20mMヒスチジンアセテート、pH5.7、175mMスクロース及び0.3mg/mLポリソルベート20中で125mg/mLで抗IL13抗体を処方し、次いで様々な保存条件に供した。5℃又は25℃の何れかで表3で示される週数にわたりバイアルを保存した(5℃で最長156週間及び25℃で最長26週間)。表3で示されるとおりの各時点で、発色及び透明性(CAC)、pH及び指定の化学的又は物理的安定性の測定について試料を分析した。更に、各時点で生物学的活性(効力)も評価した。表3で示されるデータにより示されるように、20mMヒスチジンアセテート、pH5.7、175mMスクロース及び0.3mg/mLポリソルベート20中で125mg/mLで処方された抗IL13抗体は、効力を維持し、5℃で全156週間(3年間)にわたり、及び25℃で全26週間にわたり、良好な化学的及び物理的安定性を示した。これらのデータから、この製剤が、長期にわたり抗IL13抗体の望ましい化学的、物理的及び効力特質を維持することが確認される。
発明者らは、pH及び、長期の化学的及び物理的安定性の両方を促進し、効力を維持する賦形剤を伴う溶液条件で、抗IL13抗体が良好に処方されていることを示した。具体的に、その製剤は、20mMヒスチジンアセテート、pH5.7、175mMスクロース及び0.3mg/mLポリソルベート20中で125mg/mL及び150mg/mLを含め、100mg/mL以上の濃度で抗体を含んだ。驚くべきことに、発明者らは、本製剤が25℃で<15cPの望ましい粘度プロファイルを有することを見出した。このような粘度プロファイルは、製造可能性及びまた投与の容易さのために(例えば、患者の快適さ及びコンプライアンスを含め、幾つかの理由のために、小体積中の高濃度の製剤が最適である皮下注射のために)望ましい。発明者らは、同じ又は同様の製剤中の他の抗体が25℃で>15cPの望ましくない粘度プロファイルを有することを観察したが、これは、抗IL13抗体製剤に対する粘度プロファイルの予測不可能性を強調する。
様々な市販の部品を評価することによって、上述の抗IL13製剤の投与のための、針付きのプレフィルドシリンジ、プランジャーストッパー付きプランジャー、ニードルシールド及び針安全装置を含む皮下投与デバイスを選択した。例えば、評価した部品には、ガラスケーン、固定針付きの成形シリンジ、プランジャー及びプランジャーストッパー、剛性のニードルシールド及び針安全装置が含まれた。
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Claims (29)
- 抗IL13抗体、pH5.4から6.0のヒスチジンアセテートバッファー、ポリオール、及び界面活性剤を含有する製剤において、製剤中の抗体の濃度が少なくとも100mg/mLであり、バッファー中のヒスチジンアセテートの濃度が5mMから40mMであり、製剤の粘度が25℃で15センチポアズ(cP)未満であり、製剤中のポリオールの濃度が100mMから200mMの間であり、製剤中の界面活性剤の濃度が0.01%から0.1%の間であり、抗IL13抗体が、3つの重鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H1、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H2、及び配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H3と、3つの軽鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L1、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L2、及び配列番号6のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L3とを含む、製剤。
- 抗IL13抗体が、配列番号7のアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖可変領域と、配列番号9のアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖可変領域とを含む、請求項1に記載の製剤。
- 抗体の濃度が125mg/mL又は150mg/mLである、請求項1又は2に記載の製剤。
- ポリオールがスクロースであり、界面活性剤がポリソルベート20である、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
- ヒスチジンアセテートバッファーがpH5.7であり、バッファー中のヒスチジンアセテート濃度が20mMであり、製剤中のスクロースの濃度が175mMであり、ポリソルベート20の濃度が0.03%である、請求項4に記載の製剤。
- pH5.4から6.0のヒスチジンアセテートバッファー中に抗IL13抗体、ポリオール、界面活性剤を含有し、バッファー中のヒスチジンアセテート濃度が5mMから40mMの間であり、製剤中の抗体の濃度が少なくとも100mg/mLであり、製剤中のポリオールの濃度が100mMから200mMの間であり、製剤中の界面活性剤の濃度が0.01%から0.1%の間であり、抗IL13抗体が、3つの重鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H1、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H2、及び配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H3と、3つの軽鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L1、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L2、及び配列番号6のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L3とを含む、製剤。
- ポリオールがスクロースであり、界面活性剤がポリソルベート20である、請求項6に記載の製剤。
- ヒスチジンアセテートバッファーがpH5.7であり、バッファー中のヒスチジンアセテート濃度が20mMであり、製剤中のスクロースの濃度が175mMであり、ポリソルベート20の濃度が0.03%である、請求項7に記載の製剤。
- 抗IL13抗体が、配列番号7のアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖可変領域と、配列番号9のアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖可変領域とを含む、請求項8に記載の製剤。
- 25℃で15センチポアズ(cP)未満の粘度を有する、請求項6から9の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
- 抗体の濃度が125mg/mL又は150mg/mLである、請求項6から10の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
- 抗IL−13抗体が延長された安定性を有する、請求項1から11の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
- 抗IL−13抗体が、5℃で少なくとも1年間、5℃で少なくとも2年間、又は5℃で3年間、安定である、請求項12に記載の製剤。
- 抗IL13抗体が、25℃で少なくとも4週間、又は25℃で少なくとも8週間、又は25℃で少なくとも12週間、又は4℃で26週間安定である、請求項12に記載の製剤。
- 20mMヒスチジンアセテートバッファー、pH5.7、175mMスクロース、0.03%ポリソルベート20中に安定性が延長されている抗IL13抗体を含有する製剤であって、製剤中の抗体の濃度が125mg/mL又は150mg/mLであり、製剤の粘度が25℃で15センチポアズ(cP)未満であり、抗IL13抗体が、3つの重鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H1、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H2、及び配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−H3と、3つの軽鎖CDR、つまり、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L1、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L2、及び配列番号6のアミノ酸配列を有するCDR−L3を含む、製剤。
- 抗IL13抗体が、配列番号7のアミノ酸配列を有する重鎖可変領域と配列番号9のアミノ酸配列を有する軽鎖可変領域とを含む、請求項15に記載の製剤。
- 請求項1から16の何れか一項に記載の製剤と皮下投与デバイスとを含む製造品。
- 皮下投与デバイスが自己注入装置である、請求項17に記載の製造品。
- 皮下投与デバイスがプレフィルドシリンジを含む、請求項17又は18に記載の製造品。
- プレフィルドシリンジが、ガラスバレル、針及びニードルシールドを含む、請求項19に記載の製造品。
- プランジャーロッドとプランジャーストッパーを更に含む、請求項20に記載の製造品。
- 針安全装置を更に含む、請求項20又は21に記載の製造品。
- ガラスバレルが、ホウケイ酸ガラスを含み、0.3mL、1.0mL又は2.0mLの製剤を含む、請求項20から22の何れか一項に記載の製造品。
- プランジャーストッパーが、4023/50ゴム及びエチレン−テトラフルオロエチレンコーティングを含む、請求項21から23の何れか一項に記載の製造品。
- 針が、固定式、ステンレス鋼、27G薄壁、1/2インチ長及び5べベルチップである、請求項20から24の何れか一項に記載の製造品。
- ニードルシールドが剛性であり、エラストマー部品FM27/0及び剛性ポリプロピレンシールドを含む、請求項20から25の何れか一項に記載の製造品。
- 有効量の請求項1から16の何れか一項に記載の製剤を含む、喘息又は特発性肺線維症を治療するための医薬。
- 有効量が、0.3mL、1mL又は2mLである、請求項27に記載の医薬。
- 請求項17から26の何れか一項に記載の製造品に含まれる皮下投与デバイスで投与される、請求項1から16の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
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