JP6172141B2 - Roll in margarine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roll-in margarine for use in confectionery and bread making.

  For a long time, hydrogenated fats and oils containing trans fatty acids have been frequently used in edible processed fats and oils products such as margarine and shortening. However, in recent years, there have been concerns about the adverse health effects of fats and oils containing trans fatty acids, and the use of hydrogenated fats and oils has been increasingly refrained.

  However, when producing roll-in margarine containing low trans fatty acids, the hydrogenated fats and oils normally used cannot be used, and the balance of fatty acid composition and triglyceride composition is greatly disrupted. It is difficult to make a product with good quality and bread texture.

In order to solve the above problem, for example, when blended with lauric fats and oils, if soft blending, moldability and float does not come out, hard blending deteriorates extensibility, and the bread after baking becomes hard It is difficult to taste. In addition, it is difficult to make a hard blend for palm transesterified oil blends due to the melting point problem. In the blending of a high melting point soft, the bread making workability is good and the bread after baking is soft, but the melting point is high and it is saturated. Due to the high amount of triglyceride, melting of the mouth is worse. Furthermore, when trying to mix with a low melting point soft, it becomes too soft, the moldability deteriorates, and the SO2 type triglyceride increases, so the extensibility at low temperature is slightly deteriorated. The SO2-type triglyceride is a glyceride in which a C _{16 to} C ₂₂ saturated fatty acid (S) 1 residue and an oleic acid (O) 2 residue are bonded, and S is bonded to the β-position. Are monosaturated diunsaturated glycerides including monosaturated dioleyl glycerides containing SOO and a mixture thereof in the α-position.

  Specifically, there is roll-in margarine using palm-based fats and oils substantially free of trans fatty acids (Patent Document 1), but the crystallization is slow because the ratio of PPO / (POP + OPO) is as low as 0.85. Therefore, crystallization occurs over time, and the physical properties deteriorate due to cracks. Here, PPO is a glyceride in which 2 residues of palmitic acid (P) and 1 residue of olein unsaturated fatty acid (O) are bonded, O is bonded to the α-position, and includes optical isomers. , 2-saturated-3-unsaturated glycerides, and OPO is a glyceride in which palmitic acid (P) 1 residue and oleic acid (O) 2 residue are bound, and P binds to β-position. 1,3-unsaturated-2-saturated glyceride.

  In addition, in sweetening Danish and the like, if a lauric or palm transesterified oil is used as a roll-in margarine fat, a lot of hard components are contained and crystals increase, so that sweetness does not easily occur.

JP 2006-25671 A

  The object of the present invention is a low trans fatty acid that provides good moldability during roll-in production, good extensibility during bread making, and provides a moderate float and soft mouth-feel after baking. The content of roll-in margarine is to provide.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have a specific amount of the triglyceride composition in the fat and oil of roll-in margarine, and among the constituent fatty acids in the fat and oil, P / S (weight ratio) , however, P is palmitic acid, S is a saturated fatty acid of C ₁₆ ~C _22.) that it is a certain value, even at a low trans fatty acid content, good moldability can be obtained at the time of making a roll-in, In order to complete the present invention, it has been found that a roll-in margarine having a low trans fatty acid content that provides good extensibility at the time of bread-making work, and has a moderate float and a soft and meltable mouthfeel after baking. It came.

That is, the first aspect of the present invention is a roll-in margarine containing 40 to 99% by weight of oil and fat in the whole roll-in margarine and having a trans fatty acid content of 5% by weight or less in the oil and fat. However, SSS is 2 to 9% by weight, UUU is 10 to 50% by weight, SO2 is 16% by weight or less, SSU / (SUS + USU) ratio is 1.0 or more, and SSS + S2U is 29 to 43% by weight. Among the constituent fatty acids, P / S (weight ratio) is 0.6 or more.
(However,
SSS: trisaturated fatty acid glyceride to which 3 residues of saturated fatty acid (S) of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ are bound,
UUU: triunsaturated fatty acid glyceride to which 3 residues of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids (U) are bound,
SO2: In glycerides of oleic acid (O) 2 residues of saturated fatty acids (S) 1 residue and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ is bonded to C ₁₆ ~C _22, OSO which S is bonded to the position beta, bonded to the α-position Monosaturated dioleyl glycerides containing optical isomers, which may be any of
SSU: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 1 glycerides residue is bound (S2U), is attached to the position U is α 1,2-saturated-3-unsaturated glycerides containing optical isomers,
SUS: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 1 glycerides residue is bound (S2U), attached to the position U is β 1,3-saturated-2-unsaturated glycerides,
USU: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 1 residues and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 2 glyceride residues bound (SU2), S is attached to the position β 1,3-unsaturated-2-saturated glycerides,
S2U: In glycerides unsaturated fatty acids (U) 1 residues is bound of C ₁₆ -C saturated fatty acids ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and C ₁₆ ~C _22, SSU which U is bonded to position alpha, the β-position Any of bound SUS and mixtures thereof, disaturated monounsaturated glycerides containing optical isomers,
P / S: palmitic acid residues content weight ratio of saturated fatty acid residues in the total amount of C ₁₆ -C _22. )

  A preferred embodiment relates to the roll-in margarine described above, wherein the total amount of all tri-saturated fatty acid glycerides in the fat is not more than 15% by weight. More preferably, the roll-in margarine as described above containing 30 to 80% by weight of the palm-based fat / oil in the whole oil / fat, more preferably the roll-in margarine as described above, wherein the palm-based fat / oil is a fractionated liquid part of the transesterified oil, particularly Preferably, the present invention relates to the roll-in margarine described above, wherein the sugar content is 5% by weight or more in the whole roll-in margarine.

  The second of the present invention relates to a layered puffed food containing 15-30% by weight of the roll-in margarine described above in the whole layered puffed food.

  According to the present invention, a low trans fatty acid that provides good moldability at the time of roll-in preparation, good extensibility at the time of bread making, and has a moderate float and a soft and meltable mouthfeel after baking. A content of roll-in margarine can be provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The roll-in margarine of the present invention contains 40 to 99% by weight of fats and oils in the entire roll-in margarine, the trans fatty acid content contained in the fats and oils is 5% by weight or less, and the triglyceride composition in the fats and oils has a specific amount and oil. The weight ratio (P / S) of the amount of palmitic acid residues (hereinafter referred to as P) in the total amount of saturated fatty acid residues (hereinafter referred to as S) of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ in the fatty acid composition in the phase is a specific value. Features.

It is preferable to contain 2 to 9% by weight of trisaturated fatty acid glyceride (hereinafter referred to as SSS) to which 3 residues of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ saturated fatty acid (S) are bonded, more preferably 4 to 8% by weight. %. If the SSS is less than 2% by weight in the whole oil and fat, the components that become crystal nuclei are reduced, so that the moldability is deteriorated, or the melting point becomes too low and the shape retention property is deteriorated at 20 ° C. or more. If it is more than 9% by weight, the mouth melt, flavor and texture may be deteriorated. Further, the total amount of all tri-saturated fatty acid glycerides in the whole oil or fat, that is, the total amount of all tri-saturated fatty acid glycerides having no chain length is preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 4 to 15% by weight. %, More preferably 5 to 13% by weight. If the total amount is more than 15% by weight, the plasticity at 5 ° C. or 10 ° C. may deteriorate.

It is preferable that 10 to 50% by weight of tri-unsaturated fatty acid glyceride (hereinafter referred to as UUU) to which 3 residues of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids (hereinafter referred to as U) are bonded is more preferable. 20 to 40% by weight. When the UUU content is less than 10% by weight, the texture and taste may be deteriorated. When the UUU content is more than 50% by weight, the roll-in margarine becomes soft and kneaded into the bread dough, or being stored. In some cases, liquid oil and fat may ooze out.

During the whole oil, C ₁₆ -C saturated fatty acids ₂₂ (S) 1 residue and oleic acid C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ (hereinafter, O) in 2 glyceride residue is bound, OSO which S is bonded to the position β Any of SOO in which S is bonded to the α-position and a mixture thereof may be used, and the content of monosaturated dioleylglyceride (hereinafter referred to as SO2) containing optical isomers is preferably 16% by weight or less, more preferably Is 14% by weight or less. If the total amount of SO2 is more than 16% by weight, the plasticity at 5 ° C to 10 ° C may deteriorate. From the viewpoint of ease of production and cost, the lower limit is preferably 8% by weight or more, more preferably 10% by weight or more, based on the total fat.

It is preferable that the weight ratio of SSU / (SUS + USU) is 1.0 or more in the whole oil and fat, more preferably 1.1 or more. The weight ratio of SSU / (SUS + USU) is a value obtained by dividing the amount of SSU in the entire oil and fat by the total amount of SUS and USU. If the weight ratio is less than 1.0, crystallization progresses during storage and plasticity may deteriorate, or coarse crystals may be generated. The upper limit of the weight ratio is preferably 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.4 or less, from the viewpoint of ease of production and cost. Here, SSU and glycerides (hereinafter, S2U) unsaturated fatty acids (U) 1 residues of saturated fatty acids (S) 2 residue and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ in C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ are bonded in, U is α 1,2-saturated-3-unsaturated glycerides containing optical isomers. In addition saturated fatty acids C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ and SUS (S) 2 residue and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 1 glycerides residue is bound (S2U), U is bonded to the position β and which is that of the 1,3-saturated-2-unsaturated glycerides, unsaturated fatty acid (U) 2 residue of saturated fatty acids (S) 1 residue and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ in C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ and USU It is a 1,3-unsaturated-2-saturated glyceride in which S is bonded to the β-position by a glyceride having a group bonded thereto (hereinafter referred to as SU2).

In the whole oil and fat, the total content of SSS + S2U is preferably 29 to 43% by weight, more preferably 32 to 39% by weight. If the total amount is less than 29% by weight, moldability and shape retention of roll-in margarine may be lowered, and if it exceeds 43% by weight, roll-in margarine may be too hard and plasticity may be deteriorated. Here, the S2U, in glycerides unsaturated fatty acids (U) 1 residues of saturated fatty acids (S) 2 residue and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ in C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ are bonded, U is bonded to position α It may be any of SSU, SUS bonded at the β-position and a mixture thereof, and is a disaturated monounsaturated glyceride containing optical isomers.

Among the constituent fatty acids in the fats and oils, P / S (weight ratio) is preferably 0.6 or more, more preferably 0.75 or more. If the weight ratio is less than 0.6, the fat and oil crystals become unstable after baking of the bread, and the liquid fat component and the aqueous phase flavor component are incorporated into the fat crystals and the appearance of the taste is not good. There is a case. The upper limit of the P / S is preferably 0.95 or less, more preferably 0.92 or less, from the viewpoint of ease of production and cost. Here, P / S is a value obtained by dividing the amount of C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ saturated fatty acid residue (P) in fats and oils by the amount of palmitic acid residue (P), and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ saturated fatty acid. It is the weight ratio of the amount of palmitic acid residues (P) in the total amount of residues (P).

  In the roll-in margarine of the present invention, it is relatively easy and preferable to use 30 to 80% by weight of palm oil in the whole oil and fat in order to adjust the triglyceride composition as described above. If it is less than 30% by weight, the total amount of SSS + S2U is reduced, or the P / S ratio is lowered and appropriate physical properties cannot be obtained as roll-in margarine, or the texture and flavor of the baked bread may be inferior, If it is more than 80% by weight, the total amount of SSS + S2U becomes too large, and the roll-in margarine may become too hard.

  Further, as the palm-based fats and oils, the liquid part obtained by transesterifying and separating the palm-based fats and oils to remove the solid part, or the solid part obtained by further separating the obtained liquid part by transesterifying and separating and removing the hard part That is, although a medium melting point part can be used, it is preferable that it is a fractionated liquid part of transesterified oil from the viewpoint of cost and ease of production. As the specific palm oil and fat, a liquid part obtained by transesterifying palm oil and fat having an iodine value of 25 to 55 is preferable, and palm oil and fat having an iodine value of 25 to 40 is more preferably used. When oils and fats with an iodine value of less than 25 are used, fractionation efficiency after transesterification deteriorates because there are many saturated fatty acids, and when fats and oils with an iodine value of more than 55 are used, there are many unsaturated fatty acids and transesterification and inclusion of S2U after fractionation Since the amount decreases and the SO2 content increases, the physical properties of roll-in margarine may be deteriorated. Here, palm-based fats and oils are fats and oils manufactured or refined from palm oil-derived raw materials, and the content of the fractionated liquid part of the transesterified oil in the entire palm-based fats and oils is preferably 80 to 100% by weight.

  The roll-in margarine of the present invention can be used for layered expanded foods regardless of the type of bread or confectionery such as croissants, pies, and Danish. Among them, Danish and croissants for sweetening can contain a lot of sugar and the like because they have good plasticity at low temperatures and tend to have a flavor. The sugar content is preferably 5% by weight or more based on the whole roll-in margarine. The effect of this invention can fully be enjoyed as it is 5 weight% or more. The upper limit of the sugar content is preferably 45% by weight or less from the viewpoint of ease of emulsification, that is, ease of production.

  It is preferable that the roll-in margarine of this invention is mix | blended 15 to 30weight% in the whole layered puffed food. If it is less than 15% by weight, the layered puffed food layer does not appear so much and it may be difficult to obtain the roll-in margarine flavor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the dough becomes difficult to handle, and the layered puffed food may have an excessive oily feeling.

<Measurement of fatty acid composition>
The fatty acid composition in the present invention can be measured in accordance with the methyl esterification method and gas chromatographic method described in “Establishment of Japan Oil Chemists' Society, Standard Oil Analysis Test Method Provisional 11-2003 and Provisional 15-2003”.

<Analysis of triglyceride composition>
Triglyceride composition such as SSS content, S2U content, SO2 content and the like can be analyzed by HPLC according to “AOCS Official Method Ce5c-93”. However, when lauric fats and oils are blended, the total amount of trisaturated fatty acid glycerides and the content of triunsaturated fatty acid glycerides conform to the method described in “Journal of American Oil Chemists Society, 64, 100-105 1987”. And analyze.

<Analysis of SSU / SUS ratio>
The isomer ratio of triglyceride was analyzed by a silver nitrate column using HPLC. Analysis conditions can be analyzed according to the method described in “Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 68, 289-293 1991”.

<Preparation of separation liquid part of transesterified oil of palm oil>
According to a conventional method, the transesterification method is not limited, but a method usable for food use is preferable, and a method using an alkali catalyst such as sodium methylate or lipase is preferable.

  The transesterified palm-based oil and fat is then fractionated to obtain a triglyceride composition suitable for production of the present roll-in margarine. Here, fractionation is an operation of crystallizing fats and oils at a temperature below the melting point and separating the crystallized solid component and liquid component, and gradually maintaining the transesterified palm-based fats and oils at a temperature lower than the melting point. Crystals are precipitated. The solid fat content during crystallization is preferably 5 to 20%. When the content is less than 5%, the amount of SSS in the liquid part increases in the case of a raw material having a low iodine value, and in the case of a raw material having a high iodine value, the amount of SO2 is large. It may be difficult to use. If the solid fat content at the time of crystallization is more than 20%, the efficiency of fractionation may deteriorate and the cost may increase excessively.

<Preparation of roll-in margarine>
The separation liquid part of the transesterified oil of the predetermined amount of palm-based fats and oils prepared as described above is mixed with other fats and oils so as to satisfy the triglyceride composition in the fats and oils of roll-in margarine.

  As the other fats and oils, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, safflower oil, corn oil, rice oil, cottonseed oil, fish oil, shea fat, palm oil fat, beef fat, lard, palm kernel oil, palm oil, milk fat and fractionation thereof Oil, extremely hardened oil or transesterified oil can be used.

  For example, as a blend in the whole roll-in margarine, 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight of a fractional liquid part of a transesterified oil of palm oil is mixed, and rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, safflower oil By mixing 10 to 40% by weight of liquid oil and fat such as rice oil and cottonseed oil, palm oil and fat, lard, beef tallow, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, milk fat and these transesterified oils are mixed by 30% by weight or less, The triglyceride composition can be obtained without much trial and error.

  If necessary, an emulsifier, a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a fragrance, an oil-soluble antioxidant, and the like are mixed in the mixture of raw material fats and oils as described above, and heated while stirring until the temperature reaches 60 to 75 ° C. To prepare. The aqueous phase is prepared by adding an emulsifier, thickener, flavoring agent, polysaccharide, dairy product, fragrance, salt, enzyme, vitamins, minerals, other food ingredients, etc. Heat with stirring until ~ 75 ° C to maintain the temperature of the aqueous phase. Then, the water phase is added to the oil phase while stirring and emulsified.

  Examples of the emulsifier that can be added to the oil phase include oil-soluble lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sugar ester, and the like, and examples of the colorant include carotene and annatto dye.

  Examples of emulsifiers that can be added to the aqueous phase include water-soluble polyglycerin fatty acid esters and sugar esters. Examples of thickeners include carrageenan and locust bean gum. Examples of polysaccharides include starch. Examples of dairy products include butter, skim milk powder, whey protein, and buttermilk powder.

  According to a conventional method, the emulsion prepared as described above is rapidly cooled with stirring, and introduced into a molding machine to prepare roll-in margarine.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, “parts” and “%” are based on weight.

<Evaluation of moldability of roll-in margarine>
The pene value after 1 minute of roll-in margarine that came out of the molding machine was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: Penet value is less than 140.5
◯: Penet value is 140.5 or more and less than 160.5,
Δ: Penet value is 160.5 or more and less than 180.5,
X: Penet value is 180.5 or more.

<Evaluation of pene value of roll-in margarine at 5 ° C.>
The roll-in margarine obtained in Examples / Comparative Examples was stored in a refrigerator for one week, and then the penet value at 5 ° C. was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: Penet value is 64.5 or more and less than 75.5,
○: Penet value is 54.5 or more and less than 64.5 or 75.5 or more and less than 85.5,
Δ: Penet value is 44.5 or more and less than 54.5 or 85.5 or more and less than 100.5,
X: Penet value is less than 44.5 or 100.5 or more.

<Evaluation of pene value of roll-in margarine at 15 ° C.>
Roll-in margarine was stored in a refrigerator for one week, and then the pene value at 15 ° C. was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: Penet value is 94.5 or more and less than 105.5,
○: Penet value is 84.5 or more and less than 94.5 or 105.5 or more and less than 115.5,
Δ: Penet value is 69.5 or more and less than 84.5 or 115.5 or more and less than 130.5,
X: Penet value is less than 69.5 or 130.5 or more.

<Evaluation of roll-in margarine stiffness when producing croissants or Danish bread>
When the roll-in margarine was folded into the fabric during the production of the croissants or Danish breads of the examples and comparative examples, the degree to which the roll-in margarine supported the fabric and suppressed shrinkage was evaluated as stiffness. The evaluation criteria at that time were as follows.
◎: There is almost no shrinkage of the fabric, and the feel of the fabric is also good,
○: Good although there is a slight shrinkage in the fabric
Δ: Some shrinkage is seen in the dough and roll-in margarine tends to be kneaded.
X: A state in which the dough is shrunk and roll-in margarine is kneaded and no layer is formed.

<Evaluation of roll-in margarine extensibility during croissant or Danish bread production>
In producing the croissants or Danish breads of the examples and comparative examples, the extensibility of the roll-in margarine was evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎: Roll-in margarine extends uniformly in the dough,
○: A slight bias is seen in the way roll-in margarine grows.
(Triangle | delta): The state in which the roll in margarine does not have the part extended uniformly,
X: The roll-in margarine is not stretched and a roll-in margarine lump is seen in the dough.

<Evaluation of texture of croissant or Danish bread>
The texture of the croissants or Danish breads obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated by 10 skilled panelists and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: The layer is well out and the texture is very good.
○: The layer is out and the texture is good,
Δ: Slightly kneaded but not crisp,
X: The texture is like a butter roll because the layer does not come out and is kneaded.

<Evaluation of melting of croissant or Danish bread>
The evaluation of melting of the croissants or Danish breads obtained in the examples and comparative examples was evaluated by 10 skilled panelists and aggregated according to the following criteria.
◎: Mouth melting without leaving mouth,
○: Slightly left but good,
Δ: Remaining
X: The film melts in the mouth and melts in the mouth.

<Evaluation of flavor of croissant or Danish bread>
The milk flavor of the croissants obtained in the examples and comparative examples or the sweetness of the Danish bread was evaluated by 10 skilled panelists and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎: Strong flavor or sweetness,
○: Feels flavor or sweetness,
△: light flavor or sweetness,
X: Almost no flavor or sweetness.

(Production Example 1) Production of transesterified oil of palm oil and fat Dehydrated palm stearin (iodine value 35): 100 parts by weight was heated to 90 ° C, and 0.2 parts by weight of sodium methylate was added thereto. And stirred for 30 minutes under reduced pressure. After washing with water, 2 parts by weight of white clay was added thereto, decolored by stirring at 90 ° C. under reduced pressure for 30 minutes, and then filtered to remove the white clay, and the resulting fat was deodorized at 250 ° C. for 1 hour under reduced pressure. 1 was obtained.

(Production Example 2) Production of fractionated liquid part of transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils The fats and oils after the decolorization treatment of Production Example 1 are dissolved by heating to 70 ° C, and stirred while adjusting the temperature to 46 ° C to precipitate crystals. I let you. After crystallization for 12 hours, it was introduced into a pressure squeezing apparatus and squeezed at a pressure of 3 MPa to obtain a liquid part with a yield of 70%. This liquid part was deodorized at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain fat 2.

(Production Example 3) Preparation of transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils Fats and oils 3 were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that deoxidized palm oil (iodine value 52) was used instead of palm stearin. .

(Production Example 4) Preparation of transesterification fractionation liquid part of palm oil / fat The oil / fat after the decolorization treatment of Production Example 3 was dissolved by heating to 70 ° C., and stirred to adjust the temperature to 37 ° C. to precipitate crystals. . After crystallization for 12 hours, this slurry was introduced into a pressure squeezing apparatus and squeezed at a pressure of 3 MPa to obtain a liquid part with a yield of 83%. This liquid part was deodorized at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain fat 4.

(Production Example 5) Preparation of a transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils Fats and oils 5 were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that deoxidized palm super olein (iodine value 67) was used instead of palm stearin. It was.

(Production Example 6) Preparation of transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils Fats and oils 6 were produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that 60 parts by weight of palm stearin and 40 parts by weight of palm kernel oil were mixed and used instead of palm stearin. Got.

(Manufacture example 7) Production of transmelting middle melting | fusing point part of palm oil fat The liquid part obtained in manufacture example 4 was heated at 70 degreeC, and it stirred, adjusting temperature at 18 degreeC, and precipitated the crystal | crystallization for 24 hours. This slurry was introduced into a pressure pressing device and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa to obtain fat 7 as a solid part with a yield of 40%.

(Production Example 8) Production of transesterified oil of palm-based fats and oils Similar to Production Example 1 except that deoxidized rapeseed oil and extremely hardened rapeseed oil were mixed at a weight ratio of 6: 4 in place of palm stearin. Thus, oil 8 was obtained.

(Manufacture example 9) Preparation of the transesterification fraction liquid part of palm fats and oils Deoxidation-treated palm stearin: 100 weight part was heated at 90 degreeC, 2 weight part white clay was added there, and it stirred for 30 minutes. The fats and oils from which white clay was removed by filtration were heated to 60 ° C., and passed through a column filled with lipase (“TL-IM” manufactured by Novozymes Japan) at a rate of 1 g / h of fats and oils per gram of lipase for transesterification. The fats and oils obtained by performing deodorization at 250 ° C. for 1 hour gave fats and oils. The fats and oils were dissolved by heating to 70 ° C., and the crystals were precipitated by stirring while adjusting the temperature to 46 ° C. After crystallization for 12 hours, it was introduced into a pressure squeezing apparatus and squeezed at a pressure of 3 MPa to obtain a liquid part with a yield of 70%. This liquid part was deodorized at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain fat 9.

The triglyceride composition, isomer ratio, trans acid content, palmitic acid content, and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ saturated fatty acid content of the fats 1 to 9 obtained in Production Examples 1 to 9 are summarized in Table 1.

(Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-7) Production of Roll-in Margarine According to the formulation shown in Table 2, roll-in margarines 1-15 (RM1-15) were produced as follows. That is, at least one of fats 1 to 9 is mixed with at least one selected from the group consisting of rapeseed oil, lard, palm stearin, palm middle melting point, palm oil, palm extremely hardened oil, and milk fat, Got. The oil and fat mixture was dissolved at 65 to 70 ° C., and lecithin and fatty acid monoglyceride were added and dissolved to obtain an oil phase. Further, sodium chloride was dissolved in water and sterilized at 70 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain an aqueous phase. While maintaining the oil phase and the aqueous phase at 70 ° C., the aqueous phase is added to the oil phase, emulsified for 20 minutes or more, and rapidly cooled while being kneaded at a cooling rate of −30 to −50 ° C./min. To roll-in margarines 1 to 15 (RM1 to 15) having a thickness of 10 mm. The molded penet values immediately after production of the obtained roll-in margarine, the stored penet values at 5 ° C. and 15 ° C. after storage for 1 week in the refrigerator were measured, and the results are summarized in Table 3.

(Examples 9 to 13 and Comparative Examples 8 to 12) Preparation of sugar-containing roll-in margarine Sugar-containing roll-in margarines 1 to 10 (sugar-containing RM1 to 10) were prepared as follows according to the formulation shown in Table 4. . That is, at least one of fats 1 to 3 and fats 6 to 9, and at least one selected from the group consisting of rapeseed oil, lard, palm oil, palm stearin, palm oil, palm extremely hardened oil, and milk fat. It mixed and the fats and oils mixture was obtained. The oil and fat mixture was dissolved at 65 to 70 ° C., and lecithin and fatty acid monoglyceride were added and dissolved to obtain an oil phase. Moreover, salt was dissolved in water, fructose was added, and then white sucrose was dissolved little by little, and sterilized at 65 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain an aqueous phase. While maintaining the oil phase and the aqueous phase at 70 ° C., the aqueous phase is added to the oil phase, emulsified for 20 minutes or more, and rapidly cooled while being kneaded at a cooling rate of −30 to −50 ° C./min. To obtain sugar-containing roll-in margarine 1-10 (sugar-containing RM1-10) having a thickness of 10 mm. The molded penet values immediately after production of the obtained sugar-containing roll-in margarine and the stored penet values at 5 ° C. and 15 ° C. after storage for 1 week in the refrigerator were measured and summarized in Table 5.

(Examples 14 to 21 and Comparative Examples 13 to 19) Production of Croissants According to the formulation in Table 6, croissants were produced using roll-in margarines 1 to 15 (RM1 to 15) as follows. That is, the raw material excluding roll-in margarine was mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes at a low speed and for 4 minutes at a medium to high speed, and the temperature was raised to 25 ° C. After fermenting the dough for 45 minutes at room temperature, the dough was cooled at 1 ° C. for 5 hours. The roll-in margarine was folded twice into this dough, cooled at 1 ° C. for 10 hours, and then folded once in three, and the dough was stretched by adjusting the thickness of the reverse sheeter to 2.5 mm. After the dough was molded, it was finally fermented with a proofer at 35 ° C. and a humidity of 70% for 60 minutes and baked in an oven at 200 ° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a croissant. For the roll-in margarines 1 to 15 (RM1 to 15) used, the workability (extensibility, stiffness) at the time of bread making, the texture, melting and flavor of the obtained croissant were evaluated, and the results are summarized in Table 7. It was.

(Examples 22 to 26, Comparative Examples 20 to 24) Preparation of Danish Bread In accordance with the formulation shown in Table 8, a Danish bread was prepared using sugar-containing roll-in margarines 1 to 10 (sugar-containing RM 1 to 10) as follows. did. That is, the raw material excluding sugar-containing roll-in margarine and kneading fats and oils is mixed with a mixer for 3 minutes at low speed and for 3 minutes at high speed, and then mixed with fats and oils for kneading, and further mixed for 3 minutes at low speed for 3 minutes. The kneading temperature was 25 ° C. After the dough was fermented at room temperature for 30 minutes, the dough was cooled at 1 ° C. for 10 hours. This dough was folded twice in three in a sugar-containing roll-in margarine, cooled at 1 ° C. for 5 hours, and then folded once in four and the thickness of the reverse sheeter was adjusted to 6.0 mm to stretch the dough. After the dough was molded, it was finally fermented with a proofer at 35 ° C. and 75% humidity for 60 minutes and baked in an oven at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a Danish bread. About the used sugar-containing roll-in margarine 1-10 (sugar-containing RM1-10), the workability | operativity at the time of bread making (extensibility, stiffness), the texture of the obtained Danish bread, mouth melt, and flavor were evaluated, and the result Are summarized in Table 9.

Claims (6)

The roll-in margarine is a roll-in margarine containing 40 to 99% by weight of fats and oils and having a trans fatty acid content of 5% by weight or less in the fats and oils. Wt%, UUU is 10 to 50 wt%, SO2 is 16 wt% or less, SSU / (SUS + USU) ratio is 1.0 or more, and SSS + S2U is 29 to 43 wt%, and among the constituent fatty acids in fats and oils, P Roll-in margarine, wherein / S (weight ratio) is 0.6 or more.
(However,
SSS: trisaturated fatty acid glyceride to which 3 residues of saturated fatty acid (S) of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ are bound,
UUU: triunsaturated fatty acid glyceride to which 3 residues of C _{16 to} C ₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids (U) are bound,
SO2: In glycerides of oleic acid (O) 2 residues of saturated fatty acids (S) 1 residue and C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ is bonded to C ₁₆ ~C _22, OSO which S is bonded to the position beta, bonded to the α-position Monosaturated dioleyl glycerides containing optical isomers, which may be any of
SSU: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 1 glycerides residue is bound (S2U), is attached to the position U is α 1,2-saturated-3-unsaturated glycerides containing optical isomers,
SUS: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 1 glycerides residue is bound (S2U), attached to the position U is β 1,3-saturated-2-unsaturated glycerides,
USU: saturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (S) 1 residues and unsaturated fatty acids of C ₁₆ ~C ₂₂ (U) 2 glyceride residues bound (SU2), S is attached to the position β 1,3-unsaturated-2-saturated glycerides,
S2U: In glycerides unsaturated fatty acids (U) 1 residues is bound of C ₁₆ -C saturated fatty acids ₂₂ (S) 2 residue and C ₁₆ ~C _22, SSU which U is bonded to position alpha, the β-position Any of bound SUS and mixtures thereof, disaturated monounsaturated glycerides containing optical isomers,
P / S: palmitic acid residues content weight ratio of saturated fatty acid residues in the total amount of C ₁₆ -C _22. )   The roll-in margarine according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of all tri-saturated fatty acid glycerides in the fat is 15% by weight or less.   The roll-in margarine according to claim 1 or 2, comprising 30 to 80% by weight of a palm-based oil or fat in the whole oil or fat.   The roll-in margarine according to claim 3, wherein the palm-based fat is a fractionated liquid part of transesterified oil.   The roll-in margarine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising 5% by weight or more of sugar in the whole roll-in margarine.   A layered expanded food containing the roll-in margarine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight in the entire layered expanded food.