JP6157577B2 - Fastening method for sealing member and water pipe flange - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seal washer for sealing a bolt hole formed in a flange portion of a fluid pipe typified by a water pipe or the like, and a fastening method of the fluid pipe flange portion.

  Usually, fluid pipes such as water pipes are joined together by fastening flange portions provided at end parts of the fluid pipes using fasteners such as nuts and bolts.

  The fluid pipes that are flange-bonded may leak fluid (water) from between the flange portions due to external force such as an earthquake or aging. As one effective means for preventing the fluid leakage in advance or for stopping the leakage when the fluid leakage actually occurs, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that the radial ends of the flange portion are In order to seal the gap, there is disclosed a pipe reinforcing metal fitting for fixing a packing wound around a position where the gap between the radial ends of the flange portion is pressed against the flange portion.

Design Registration No. 1305825

  In addition to the above, in order to prevent fluid leakage from the bolt hole formed in the flange portion, as shown in the partial sectional view of FIG. A seal washer 101 for sealing the bolt hole 40s is interposed between the two. The seal washer 101 is provided with an insertion hole 110s that is formed of an elastic member and through which the shaft part 21 of the bolt 2 is inserted, in which an end surface on the flange portion side is set to be in close contact with the peripheral portion 40f of the bolt hole 40s. The seal member 110 has an annular shape, and the frame member 111 is harder than the seal member 110. When the bolt 2 and the nut 3 are tightened, the seal surface 110f of the seal member 110 is pressed against the flange portion 40 via the frame member 111, and the peripheral portion 40f of the bolt hole of the flange portion 40 and the seal surface 110f are brought into close contact with each other. The hole 40s is sealed.

  However, at the site, when the actual bolt hole diameter is slightly different from the standard diameter due to manufacturing errors, or when the flange portions are relatively offset in the radial direction, the flange surfaces are not parallel but slightly open. There are various environments such as the case of being in the posture, and the size of the gap between the bolt hole and the shaft portion of the bolt can be variously changed according to the environment. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, this gap allows a deviation between the axis CL1 of the seal member 110 and the axis CL2 of the bolt hole 40s. If the offset of the seal member 110 with respect to the bolt hole 40s increases as shown in the figure, the seal surface 110f may drop off from the bolt hole peripheral portion 40f, or the seal by the seal surface 110f may be insufficiently sealed. There is a risk of liquid leakage from the site. It is desirable to tighten the bolt 2 and the nut 3 while aligning the seal member 110 (bolt shaft portion 21) and the bolt hole 40s so as to be coaxial, but this is a difficult task in the field. In particular, when liquid leakage actually occurs, it is difficult to visually check, so this is an extremely difficult task.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent the seal surface 110f from falling off the bolt hole peripheral portion 40f even if the axial center CL1 of the seal member 110 is offset in any of the radial directions with respect to the axis CL2 of the bolt hole 40s, Increasing the outer diameter of the seal member 110 to increase the area of the seal surface 110f is an effective means. However, a space as a tool cost for tightening the bolts and nuts must be secured between the main body of the water pipe 4 (fluid pipe), and the upper limit of the outer diameter of the seal member is naturally limited.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem, and the object thereof is to provide a seal washer that can prevent the seal surface from falling off from the peripheral portion of the bolt hole without increasing the diameter of the seal washer. And a method of fastening a fluid pipe flange.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention takes the following measures.

  That is, the seal washer according to the present invention is interposed between the seat surface of the bolt or nut and the flange portion of the fluid pipe fastened by the bolt and nut, and seals the bolt hole formed in the flange portion. An annular ring having a sealing surface for being in contact with the peripheral portion of the bolt hole at the end on the flange portion side, formed of an elastic member, and through which the shaft portion of the bolt is inserted. And a frame member that is disposed closer to the bearing surface side of the bolt or nut than the seal member and is harder than the seal member, and a peripheral edge portion of the insertion hole of the seal member includes: There is provided a fin portion that protrudes in the axial direction from the seal surface in a natural state where no external force is applied and can be inserted into a gap between the bolt hole and the shaft portion of the bolt. It is characterized in.

  In this way, the peripheral portion of the insertion hole through which the bolt hole of the seal member is inserted projects in the axial direction from the seal surface in a natural state where no external force acts, and is inserted into the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt shaft portion. Since the possible fin portion is provided, if the fin portion is inserted into the bolt hole, the radial movement of the seal member with respect to the bolt hole is restricted to some extent by the fin portion, and the seal surface of the seal member becomes the flange. It is possible to suppress falling off from the bolt hole peripheral part of the part.

  In order to improve the stability by uniformly sealing the bolt holes, the fin portion has an annular shape along the peripheral edge portion of the insertion hole and between the inner peripheral surface and the base end. It is preferable to have a tapered outer peripheral surface in which the radial thickness is increased.

  If comprised in this way, a fin part will be pressed toward the back | inner side of a bolt hole with tightening a bolt and a nut. Since a fin part has a taper-shaped outer peripheral surface where radial direction thickness between the inner peripheral surfaces becomes thicker as it goes to a base end from a front-end | tip, it accumulates elastic repulsion. At this time, if the shaft center of the seal member is displaced in one radial direction with respect to the bolt hole shaft, the portion on the one radial side of the fin portion is compressed compared to the portion on the other end side. Is done. Due to this difference in compression amount, an elastic repulsive force acts in the direction in which the axis of the bolt shaft portion coincides with the axis of the bolt hole, and the misalignment between the seal member and the bolt hole is corrected. Therefore, even if the bolt hole and the bolt shaft portion are misaligned at the time of fastening, the seal member and the bolt hole are properly corrected by the elastic repulsion force, so that the bolt hole can be uniformly sealed, Stability can be improved. Because it exhibits such a misalignment prevention function, it is particularly suitable when working in a leaky state that is difficult to align or when there is a manufacturing error in the bolt hole diameter and when the flanges are relatively misaligned. Become.

  Even after fastening (after construction), even if a load is applied to the fluid pipe and a bending load is applied to the bolt shaft, the fin portion is elastic in the direction to align the axis of the bolt shaft with the axis of the bolt hole. Since the repulsive force acts, it is possible to suppress or prevent the misalignment due to the bending load.

  The fluid pipe flange portion fastening method according to the present invention includes inserting a bolt into a bolt hole formed in the flange portion of the fluid pipe, attaching a nut to the front end portion of the bolt, and tightening the bolt and the nut. A fluid pipe flange part fastening method for fastening a part, wherein a seal washer having a seal member formed of an elastic member is interposed between the flange part and a seat surface of the bolt or nut, and the seal A fin portion protruding from the member is inserted into a gap between the bolt hole and the shaft portion of the bolt, and the flange portion is fastened by tightening the bolt and nut.

  Thus, if the fin portion protruding from the seal member constituting the seal washer is inserted into the bolt hole, the radial movement of the seal member with respect to the bolt hole is regulated to some extent by the fin portion. It is possible to suppress the seal surface of the seal member from falling off from the bolt hole peripheral portion of the flange portion.

  In the above method, in order to improve the stability by uniformly sealing the bolt hole, the fin portion forms an annular shape along the peripheral portion of the insertion hole, and the inner peripheral surface from the distal end toward the proximal end. It is preferable to have a taper-shaped outer peripheral surface where the thickness in the radial direction is increased.

  In the above method, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost by using the same bolt and nut, it is preferable that a spacer is interposed between the seat surface of the bolt or nut and the seal washer. By using the spacers in this way, common bolts and nuts can be used for various flange portions having different thicknesses, and it becomes possible to reduce manufacturing costs by sharing parts.

The perspective view which shows typically the water pipe which was flange-joined with the volt | bolt and the nut. The fragmentary sectional view of the AA site | part of FIG. The figure which shows the seal washer of this invention. (A) The front view which looked at the seal washer from the flange part side. (B) Sectional drawing which passes along the axial center of a seal washer. The fragmentary sectional view which shows typically the state which the shaft center of the seal washer shifted | deviated with respect to the axis | shaft of a bolt hole. The perspective view which shows typically the attachment operation | work of a piping reinforcement metal fitting. The perspective view which shows typically the attachment operation | work of a piping reinforcement metal fitting. The fragmentary sectional view which shows typically the junction part using the conventional seal washer.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the seal washer 1 is formed by fastening the flange portions 40 and 40 provided at the ends of the water pipe 4 (an example of a fluid pipe) with bolts 2 and nuts. . Used to join 4, specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the bearing surface 20, 30 of the bolt 2 or nut 3 and the flange portion of the water pipe 4 tightened by the bolt 2 and nut 3 40, and is used to seal the bolt hole 40s formed in the flange portion 40. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the seal washer 1 includes an annular seal member 10 formed of an elastic member such as rubber and having an insertion hole 10 s through which the shaft portion 21 of the bolt 2 is inserted. And the frame member 11 arranged on the side of the bearing surface 20/30 of the bolt 2 or the nut 3. 3A is a front view of the seal washer 1 viewed from the flange portion side, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the seal washer 1 passing through the axis CL1.

  The seal member 10 is provided with a seal surface 10f that is in close contact with the bolt hole peripheral portion 40f at the end on the flange portion side, and the seal surface 10f is a flat surface orthogonal to the axis CL1. The insertion hole 10 s formed in the seal member 10 is set to a diameter that substantially matches the outer diameter of the shaft portion 21 of the bolt 2 in order to seal between the shaft portion 21 of the bolt 2.

  At the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 10s of the seal member 10, there is provided a fin 12 that protrudes in the axial direction from the seal surface 10f in a natural state where no external force acts. The fin portion 12 is set so that at least a tip portion thereof can be inserted into a gap between the bolt hole 40 s and the shaft portion 21 of the bolt 2. The fin portion 12 has an annular shape along the peripheral edge portion of the insertion hole 10s, and has a tapered outer peripheral surface 12b that increases in thickness in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface 12a toward the base end. The fin portion 12 has a symmetrical shape around the axis CL1 so that the cross-sectional shape passing through the axis CL1 is the same in any part in the circumferential direction. Further, the radially outer end of the tapered outer peripheral surface 12b and the radially inner end of the seal surface 10f are connected by a circular arc surface, and stress is concentrated on the connection portion between the tapered outer peripheral surface 12b and the seal surface 10f. Avoid doing that.

In this embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, when the bolt shaft outer diameter D ₁ is φ16 mm and the standard bolt hole diameter is φ19 mm, the outer diameter D of the tip portion of the fin portion 12. ₂ and φ17.5mm (= axial outer diameter + 1.5 mm of the bolt), and an outer diameter _{D 3} of the base end portion of the fin portion 12 in φ19.5mm (= V pore diameter + 0.5 mm). Protrusion distance _{D 4} from the sealing surface 10f of the fin portion 12 is 3 mm. Thus, in order to allow the fin portion to be inserted into the gap between the bolt hole 40s and the bolt shaft portion 21, the outer diameter of the tip portion of the fin portion 12 is set smaller than the bolt hole diameter. Further, the outer diameter of the base end portion of the fin portion 12 is set larger than that of the bolt hole 40 s in order to closely contact the peripheral edge of the bolt hole 40 s with the fastening. As a result, even when the bolt hole diameter is smaller or larger than the standard value, the fin portion 12 is fitted into the bolt hole when the bolt and nut are fastened. Is possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the frame member 11 is formed of a material (for example, metal) harder than the seal member 10, and is manufactured by sheet metal processing or casting, for example. The frame member 11 has an annular bottom wall 11a in which a hole 11s for inserting the shaft portion 21 of the bolt 2 is formed, and a side wall 11b that rises in the axial direction from the periphery of the bottom wall 11a. And the side wall 11b has a shape for accommodating a part of the seal member 10. The axial thickness of the side wall 11b is set to be thinner than the thickness from the end surface on the side opposite to the flange of the seal member 10 to the seal surface 10f, whereby the frame member 11 (the tip of the side wall 11b) and the flange portion 40 are arranged. A compression margin for compressing the seal member 10 is set by providing a gap therebetween. In use, the seal member 10 and the frame member 11 are preferably bonded with an adhesive. By adhering, it is possible to prevent the seal member 10 from being detached from the frame member 11 due to water pressure and being damaged.

  Next, using the seal washer 1 having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, the bolt 2 is inserted into the bolt hole 40 s formed in the flange portion 40 of the water pipe 4, and the nut 3 is attached to the tip of the bolt 2. A method of fastening the flange portion 40 by fastening the bolt 2 and the nut 3 will be described. Here, an example is shown in which two seal washers are used in order to dispose the seal washers 1 on the bolt side and the nut side, respectively. First, existing bolts and nuts inserted through the bolt holes are taken out one by one, and the seating surface of the flange is cleaned. Then, it connects with the bolt and nut which interposed the seal washer 1.

  First, the bolt shaft portion 21 through which the first seal washer 1a (1) is inserted is passed through the bolt hole 40s, and the first seal washer 1a is interposed between the flange portion 40 and the seat surface 20 of the bolt 2. And At this time, the fin portion 12 projecting from the seal member 10 is inserted into the gap between the bolt hole 40 s and the bolt shaft portion 21. As a result, the radial movement of the seal member 10 with respect to the bolt hole 40 s is restricted to some extent by the fin portion 12. In addition, you may interpose the spacer 5 between the bearing surface 20 of the volt | bolt 2 and the 1st seal washer 1a as needed.

  Next, the second seal washer 1 b (1) is inserted into the tip of the bolt shaft portion 21, and the nut 3 is attached to the tip of the bolt 2. At this time, the fin portion 12 protruding from the seal member 10 is inserted into the gap between the bolt hole 40 s and the bolt shaft portion 21. As a result, the radial movement of the seal member 10 with respect to the bolt hole 40 s is restricted to some extent by the fin portion 12. In addition, you may interpose the spacer 5 between the seat surface 30 of the nut 3, and the 2nd seal washer 1b as needed. By using the spacer 5 in this way, common bolts and nuts can be used for various flange portions having different thicknesses, and it becomes possible to reduce manufacturing costs by sharing parts.

  Then, the bolt 2 and the nut 3 are tightened to fasten the flange portion 40. As the bolt 2 and the nut 3 are tightened, the fin portion 12 is pressed toward the back side of the bolt hole 40s and slightly elastically deformed. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the fin portion 12 has a tapered outer peripheral surface 12b in which the radial thickness between the inner peripheral surface 12a and the inner peripheral surface 12a increases from the distal end toward the proximal end. Accumulate elastic repulsion. At this time, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 4, if the shaft center CL <b> 1 of the seal member is displaced to one side in the radial direction with respect to the axis CL <b> 2 of the bolt hole 40 s, The part P1 is compressed more than the part P2 on the other side in the radial direction. Due to the difference in the compression amount, the elastic repulsive force F acts in the direction in which the axis CL1 of the seal member 10 coincides with the axis CL2 of the bolt hole 40s, and the misalignment between the seal member 10 and the bolt hole 40s is corrected. The

  Therefore, even if the bolt hole 40s and the seal member 10 (bolt shaft portion 21) are about to be misaligned at the time of fastening, the elastic repulsive force F acts in a direction that eliminates the misalignment between the seal member 10 and the bolt hole 40s. Thus, since the misalignment between the seal member 10 and the bolt hole 40s is corrected, the bolt hole 40s can be uniformly sealed in the circumferential direction, and the stability can be improved. In particular, it is suitable when the flange portions are relatively misaligned when working in a leak state that is difficult to align or when there is a manufacturing error of the bolt hole.

  Even after the fastening, even if a bending load acts on the bolt shaft portion 21 due to the load on the water pipe 4 (fluid pipe), the center misalignment correction function by the fin portion 12 causes the sealing member 10 caused by the bending load. It becomes possible to suppress or prevent the misalignment.

  In addition, it is preferable to attach the pipe reinforcement metal fitting shown in Design Registration No. 1305825 to the flange portion after exchanging the bolt and nut with the seal washer in advance by the above procedure. Although a detailed description is omitted, as shown in FIG. 5, a packing 61 such as a rubber plate is bonded in a ring shape with an adhesive and arranged at the distal end in the radial direction of the flange portion 40, as shown in FIG. The plurality of split pieces 60 a and 60 b constituting the pipe reinforcing metal fitting 60 are fastened with bolts 62 and nuts 63. If water leakage occurs between the flanges 40, 40, leave one bolt hole out of the multiple bolt holes without fastening with bolts and nuts with seal washers, and drain from there. Then, the pipe reinforcing metal fitting 60 is attached, and finally, the remaining bolt holes are tightened with bolts and nuts with seal washers.

  Here, when the pipe reinforcing bracket is attached and the conventional seal washer having the seal member without the fin portion is used, and when the seal washer of the present invention having the seal member having the fin portion is used. When a water leakage confirmation test was performed, the pressure resistance was improved by about 1 MPa when the fin portion was provided than when the fin portion was not provided. In the above comparison, other conditions such as bolt and nut tightening torque are matched.

  Further, when the seal washer of the present invention was used in a state where water leaked from the bolt hole due to a general water pressure, water could be stopped by hand tightening. This is considered to be because the misalignment correction of the seal member by the fin portion was appropriately exhibited.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the fin portion 12 has a so-called tapered shape in which the radial thickness increases from the distal end toward the proximal end, but can be inserted between the bolt hole and the bolt shaft portion, As long as the radial movement of the seal member with respect to the bolt hole can be suppressed to some extent, the shape in which the radial thickness does not change may be used. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the outer peripheral surface 12b of the fin part 12 and the sealing surface 10f are continuing on the circular arc surface, shapes other than this may be sufficient. Further, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the protrusion protrudes at least 5 mm or more in order to accurately obtain the effect of catching the bolt hole 40s by the fin portion 12.

  In the present invention, the fluid pipe is not limited to a water pipe, and may be a fluid pipe through which various liquids and gases flow.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Seal washer 10 ... Seal member 10f ... Seal surface 10s ... Insertion hole 12 ... Fin part 12b ... Outer peripheral surface 12a ... Inner peripheral surface 11 ... Frame member 2 ... Bolt 20 ... Bolt seat surface 21 ... Bolt shaft part 3 ... Nut 30 ... Nut seat 4 ... Water pipe (fluid pipe)
40 ... Flange 40s ... Bolt hole 40f ... Peripheral part 5 of the bolt hole ... Spacer

Claims (4)

  The bolt is inserted into a bolt hole formed in the flange portion of the water pipe, a nut is attached to the tip portion of the bolt, and the seal member is interposed between the flange portion and the bolt or the nut. And the fastening method of the water pipe flange part which fastens the nut and fastens the flange part,
  The seal member is formed of an elastic member, and has an annular shape having an insertion hole through which the shaft portion of the bolt is inserted and a seal surface for intimate contact with a peripheral portion of the bolt hole, and an external force is applied to the peripheral portion of the insertion hole. An annular fin portion protruding in the axial direction from the sealing surface in a natural state where no action occurs,
  The annular fin portion has a tapered outer peripheral flat surface whose radial thickness between the inner peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface increases from the distal end toward the proximal end, and the outer diameter of the distal end portion of the outer peripheral flat surface is the bolt Smaller than the hole, the outer diameter of the base end portion of the outer peripheral flat surface is formed larger than the bolt hole,
  The seal member is interposed between the flange portion and a seating surface of the bolt or nut, and the annular fin portion is inserted into the bolt hole, and the bolt and nut are tightened to fasten the flange portion. And
  In the fastening state, the entire inner peripheral surface of the seal member including the annular fin portion is in close contact with a portion of the shaft portion of the bolt where no thread groove is formed. Fastening method.   The method according to claim 1, wherein a radially outer end of the tapered outer peripheral flat surface and a radially inner end of the seal surface are connected by an arc surface.   A seal member interposed between a seat surface of a bolt or nut and a flange portion of a water pipe fastened by the bolt and nut, for sealing a bolt hole formed in the flange portion;
  The seal member is formed of an elastic member, and has an annular shape having an insertion hole through which the shaft portion of the bolt is inserted and a seal surface for intimate contact with a peripheral portion of the bolt hole, and an external force is applied to the peripheral portion of the insertion hole. An annular fin portion protruding in the axial direction from the sealing surface in a natural state where no action occurs,
  The annular fin portion has a tapered outer peripheral flat surface whose radial thickness between the inner peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface increases from the distal end toward the proximal end, and the outer diameter of the distal end portion of the outer peripheral flat surface is the bolt The outer diameter of the base end portion of the outer peripheral flat surface is smaller than the hole and is configured to be larger than the bolt hole so that it can be inserted into the bolt hole.
  The entire inner peripheral surface of the seal member including the fin portion is in close contact with a portion of the shaft portion of the bolt where no screw groove is formed.   The sealing member according to claim 3, wherein a radially outer end of the tapered outer peripheral flat surface and a radially inner end of the seal surface are connected by an arc surface.

Images