JP6073678B2 - 安全なデスモプレシン投与 - Google Patents
安全なデスモプレシン投与 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6073678B2 JP6073678B2 JP2012516198A JP2012516198A JP6073678B2 JP 6073678 B2 JP6073678 B2 JP 6073678B2 JP 2012516198 A JP2012516198 A JP 2012516198A JP 2012516198 A JP2012516198 A JP 2012516198A JP 6073678 B2 JP6073678 B2 JP 6073678B2
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- desmopressin
- spray
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- dose
- composition
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- FIWQZURFGYXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FIWQZURFGYXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- AWDRATDZQPNJFN-VAYUFCLWSA-N taurodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 AWDRATDZQPNJFN-VAYUFCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願は、2009年6月18日に出願され、その全開示が参照により援用される米国特許仮出願第61/268,954号に基づき、その優先権を主張する。
本発明は、患者が低ナトリウム血症に苦しむ可能性を最小限にしながら、患者において排尿を延期するなどの抗利尿効果を誘導するためのデスモプレシンの鼻腔内投与用の組成物およびデバイスに関する。
デスモプレシン(1-デスアミノ-8-D-アルギニンバソプレシン、dDAVP(登録商標))は、バソプレシンのアナログである。デスモプレシンは、バソプレシンと比較して、低下した昇圧活性および増加した抗利尿活性を有し、バソプレシンとは異なり、血圧調節に有害な効果を及ぼさない。これにより、デスモプレシンは、血圧の有意な上昇を引き起こすことなく、抗利尿のために臨床的に使用できるようになる。デスモプレシンは酢酸塩として市販されており、一般に、原発性夜間遺尿症(PNE)および中枢性尿崩症に処方される。
用語生物学的利用能は、全身循環に到達する薬物の投与用量の画分を説明するために使用される。規定により、医薬が静脈投与された場合、その生物学的利用能は100%である。しかし、他の経路、例えば鼻腔内で投与された場合は、不完全な吸収および他の要因のために、生物学的利用能は低下する。このように、生物学的利用能は、全身循環に到達し、作用部位で利用可能である治療活性薬物の程度の基準である。問題になっている薬物の化学的および物理的特性ならびにその投与経路に応じて、生物学的利用能は大きく異なる。本発明の鼻腔内投与される組成物の量は、噴霧ノズルを出て鼻孔(1つまたは複数)に入る量のことをいう。本発明の送達される組成物の量は、実際に血流に到達する、すなわち生物学的に利用可能となる量のことをいう。タンパク質およびペプチドは比較的大きく、もろい分子であり、その活性は一般にその三次構造に依存する。非経口以外で投与されるタンパク質およびペプチドの治療薬の生物学的利用能は、乏しいことが知られ、変動性である。
実施例1:製剤試験プロトコルの例
この実施例では、鼻腔粘膜を通過する輸送における効果について、所定の候補製剤をどのように試験するかを記載する。該実施例は、水溶性透過促進剤「A」および「B」を含む組成物の試験を想定し、鼻腔粘膜を透過して低用量範囲で血流に侵入するデスモプレシンの画分を測定すること、ならびにこれらの異なる促進剤の同一性および濃度の関数としてこの生物学的利用能がどのように変化するかを測定することを求める。
エマルジョン保存溶液 エマルジョン保存溶液を作製するために、以下の重量部の成分を、攪拌棒を備えた容器に添加し、15分間、60〜65℃で混合する。
180部のソルビタンモノラウレート(Span-20)水溶液(12 mg/ml)
30部のポリソルベート20(Tween-20)水溶液(2mg/ml)
400部の綿実油水性エマルジョン(26.6mg/ml)
600部のシクロペンタデカノリド(CPE-215)水性エマルジョン(40mg/ml)
1,500グラムの合計バッチサイズを生じる水
混合後、製剤は、6500 RPM+で高速混合を使用して、20〜25分間均質化し、微細エマルジョンを得る。この溶液をオートクレーブにかけ確実に滅菌する。
6200部の水
16部の無水クエン酸水溶液(1.85mg/ml)
76部のクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物水溶液(8.9mg/ml)
104部のポリソルベート20(Tween-20)水溶液(12mg/ml)
8,500グラムの合計バッチサイズを生じる水
水負荷状態のヒト成人被験体において、上述の本発明の態様の安全ディスペンサーを使用した臨床試験により、500ng〜2000ng(1〜4噴霧)の鼻腔内投与された用量が、用量と正比例関係にある2〜7時間の持続時間の抗利尿効果を生じたことを示した。ピーク血中濃度は約1.25〜約10pg/mlの範囲であった。何らかの薬物に関連する血清ナトリウムの減少を示した被験体はいなかった。
デスモプレシン製剤の噴霧羽毛状体の特性を評価するために、Proveris's Viota(登録商標)ソフトウェアプラットフォームにより作動するSpray VIEW装置を使用した。羽毛状体の所定の高さより上の噴霧羽毛状体の断面の写真を撮って、噴霧パターンを測定した。噴霧パターン測定値は、長軸、短軸、楕円率、包含、傾斜、Dmin、Dmax、楕円性、周長、面積および%面積を含んだ。羽毛状体は、Pfeiffer of America (Princeton、NJ)から入手可能であり、「Advanced Preservative Free」または「APF」鼻ポンプとして販売されているポンプを使用して発生させた。
Claims (21)
- 鼻腔内デスモプレシン用量、シクロペンタデカノリドおよびポリソルベート20を含んでなる、一定の時間間隔にわたり定量噴霧デバイスのノズルから噴出される円錐状の羽毛状体(plume)の形態で噴霧するための組成物であって、
該羽毛状体は、中心軸および噴霧デバイスのノズルにおける先端を有する円錐体積を全体として画定する一定体積の移動液滴を含み、該円錐体積内の液滴密度(単位体積あたりの液滴の数)は、該軸に対して垂直の方向に増加し、該液滴は、全体として0.05μg〜1.5μgのデスモプレシンを含み、該液滴は、水中油エマルジョンの形態にあり、該羽毛状体は、該液滴と鼻腔内粘膜表面との接触を増加するように働く、組成物。 - 噴霧あたりの該液滴の体積は50μl〜150μlである、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 先端から3cm以下の表面での円錐体積の軸方向の断面が、液滴の輪状円板を示す、請求項1または2記載の組成物。
- 該羽毛状体が、体重70kgの患者の血流に、15+/-3pg/ml以下のデスモプレシン血中濃度を生じるのに充分なデスモプレシンを経粘膜送達するのに効果的であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3いずれか記載の組成物。
- 該羽毛状体が、体重35kgの患者の血流に、15+/-3pg/ml以下のデスモプレシン血中濃度を生じるのに充分なデスモプレシンを経粘膜送達するのに効果的であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 患者に鼻腔内投与する工程を含む方法により患者において抗利尿効果が誘導される、請求項1〜5いずれかに記載の組成物。
- 該投与により、患者の血流において15+/-3pg/ml以下のデスモプレシン濃度が生じる、請求項6記載の組成物。
- 該投与により、6時間未満の間、2〜4時間または4〜7時間の間抗利尿が誘導される、請求項6または7記載の組成物。
- 患者集団の構成メンバーが低ナトリウム血症を発症し得るリスクを低減しつつ、該患者集団の構成メンバーにおいて抗利尿効果を誘導するための安全ディスペンサーであって、該ディスペンサーは、
複数の薬物用量を構成するのに充分な量のデスモプレシン製剤、シクロペンタデカノリドおよびポリソルベート20を含む組成物がその中に配置されたリザーバ、ここで前記組成物は、5%より高いデスモプレシン生物学的利用能を特徴とする;
前記リザーバと連絡した流出口;ならびに
前記リザーバから前記流出口を通って患者の鼻腔内表面に、スプレーの形態の前記組成物の計量された用量を連続的に分配するための、手動で作動できるポンプ
を含み、
それぞれのスプレーの用量は、0.05μg〜1.5μgのデスモプレシンを含み、それぞれのスプレーの用量は、液滴と近位の鼻腔粘膜との接触を促進するように、円錐状の羽毛状体(plume)の外辺で、その内部体積での密度よりも高い液滴密度(単位体積当たりの液滴の数)を有する円錐状の羽毛状体の液体スプレー液滴を生じ、該液滴は、水中油エマルジョンの形態にある、ディスペンサー。 - 噴霧あたりの該スプレー液滴の体積は、50μl〜150μlである、請求項9記載のディスペンサー。
- 該液滴の10%の直径が20μmよりも小さく、該液滴の90%の直径が300μmよりも小さい、請求項9または10記載のディスペンサー。
- 保存剤を含まない、請求項9〜11いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- 前記ポンプが、前記組成物の分配後に細菌汚染周囲空気の逆充填(backfill)を防ぐ、請求項9〜12いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- 第1のそれぞれの用量の分配後の所定の時間間隔の間、前記リザーバからの第2のそれぞれの用量の分配を阻害するための手段をさらに含む、請求項9〜13いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- 患者における鼻腔内粘膜を通過する薬物輸送により、患者の1つまたは複数の鼻孔内に分配されたデスモプレシンの質量に実質的に正比例するデスモプレシンの血中濃度を確立する、請求項9〜14いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- それぞれの用量が、小児、体重35kg未満の小児、体重35〜50kgの小児、成人女性、成人男性、体重50〜75kgの女性、体重70〜85kgの男性および体重が85kgよりも重い男性からなる群より選択される患者集団の構成メンバーにおいて、血中での標的Cmaxが18pg/ml未満を達成するように調製される、請求項9〜15いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- それぞれの用量が、前記患者において以下の血中濃度範囲(1mlの血液あたりのpg):1〜3、2〜5、3〜6、4〜7、5〜8、6〜9、7〜10の1つの範囲内のデスモプレシンのCmaxを確立する、請求項16記載のディスペンサー。
- 前記患者において6時間未満の間、2〜4時間または4〜7時間の間抗利尿を誘導するように調製された、請求項16または17記載のディスペンサー。
- 患者における鼻腔内粘膜を通過する薬物輸送により、前記患者の1つまたは複数の鼻孔内に分配されたデスモプレシンの質量に実質的に正比例して15+/-3pg/ml未満の範囲のデスモプレシンの血中濃度を確立する、請求項16〜18いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- それぞれの用量が、同じ標的Cmaxを達成するように設計されたデスモプレシンの皮下用量により生じるCmaxの変動係数の50%以内の変動係数を有するデスモプレシンのCmaxを確立する、請求項9〜19いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
- それぞれの用量が、100%以下で変動する連続投与された用量中のデスモプレシンのCmaxを確立する、請求項9〜20いずれか記載のディスペンサー。
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