JP5995732B2 - Engine generator and method of operating engine generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine generator and an engine generator operation method, and more particularly to an engine generator that generates power by driving a generator with a diesel engine and an operation method thereof.

  Engine generators that use a diesel engine as the drive source for the generator are used in a wide range of applications such as construction sites. For example, when an engine generator is used as a power source for a water pump in river construction, the pump is started. In consideration of current (rush current), it is necessary to use an engine generator having a power generation capacity that is five times or more the power required for steady operation of the pump. For this reason, during the pump operation, the engine generator is operated for a long time with a light load (low load), the combustion temperature in the cylinder decreases, and unburned fuel and carbon are mixed into the exhaust gas. May cause various inconveniences such as clogging in the muffler and becoming clogged. In particular, the third exhaust gas regulation-compliant engine has a problem that unburned fuel and carbon tend to accumulate in the muffler.

  On the other hand, in a hybrid electric vehicle, when the engine is idling for a predetermined time or longer, it has been proposed to heat the catalyst of the exhaust gas purification device by intermittently generating the engine for a short time during idling. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-248875 A

  However, in the hybrid electric vehicle described in Patent Document 1, the mounted traveling battery can be charged by the power generation operation performed during the idling operation, but the traveling battery such as the hybrid electric vehicle is not mounted. It could not be applied to general engine generators.

  Therefore, the present invention can be easily applied to general engine generators and has a function that can reliably prevent unburned fuel and carbon from accumulating in the muffler even in a third exhaust emission control engine. Another object of the present invention is to provide an engine generator and an operation method of the engine generator.

  In order to achieve the above object, the engine generator of the present invention is an engine generator that generates power by driving a generator with a diesel engine, and when power is supplied to equipment connected to the engine generator, A load factor calculating unit that calculates a load factor from the amount of power generated by the generator, and a load factor that sets a load factor that increases as the load factor decreases based on the load factor calculated by the load factor calculating unit A setting means; a light load integration time calculation means for calculating a light load integration time based on the load coefficient set by the load coefficient setting means and the generator operating time; and a light load calculated by the light load integration time calculation means. And a power supply means for starting power supply to a load for increasing the load factor provided in advance when the load integration time exceeds a preset light load integration time reference time. It is characterized by a door.

  Furthermore, the engine generator of the present invention is provided with a plurality of loads for increasing the load factor, and the power supply means is configured to be able to supply power by individually selecting each load factor increasing load. It is a feature.

  Further, the operation method of the engine generator of the present invention is the operation method of the engine generator that generates power by driving the generator with a diesel engine, when power is supplied to a device connected to the engine generator. The load factor is calculated from the amount of power generated by the generator, and based on the calculated load factor, a load factor that increases as the load factor decreases is set, and the set load factor and the operation time of the generator are set. The light load integration time is calculated based on the value, and when the calculated light load integration time exceeds the preset light load integration time reference time, power supply to the load for increasing the load factor is started. It is characterized by doing.

  Furthermore, the operation method of the engine generator of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of load factor increasing loads are provided, and the number of load factor increasing loads for supplying power is selected according to the calculated load factor. .

  According to the present invention, the light load accumulated time is calculated based on the load coefficient set according to the load factor of the generator and the generator operating time, and the calculated light load accumulated time is a reference for the light load accumulated time. Since power supply to the load for increasing the load factor starts when the time is exceeded, the load of the diesel engine that drives the generator can be increased to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas at a high temperature can enter the muffler. The accumulated unburned fuel and carbon can be burned and removed from the muffler. Further, by selecting the number of loads for increasing the load factor that are provided with a plurality of loads for increasing the load factor and supplying power, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption and noise.

It is a block diagram which shows the 1st example of an engine generator of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the driving | running state of the engine generator of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the operating method of the engine generator shown to the 1st form example. It is a flowchart in a combustion operation. It is a block diagram of the principal part which shows the 2nd example of an engine generator of the present invention. It is a flowchart in the combustion operation in the operating method of the engine generator shown in the second embodiment. It is a block diagram of the principal part which shows the 3rd form example of the engine generator of this invention.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the engine generator of the present invention. The engine generator shown in this embodiment is a generator 11, a diesel engine 12 that drives the generator 11, and a generator 11. And a power supply circuit 14 for supplying the power generated by the engine generator to a device (hereinafter referred to as an external load 13) connected to the engine generator, and the power supply circuit 14 has a load factor via a contactor 15 An ascending load device 16 is connected.

  Further, the power supply circuit 14 is provided with an operation state monitoring unit 17 that measures the voltage and current of the power supply circuit 14 and monitors the state of the generator 11, further stores various data, and performs the operation. An arithmetic processing unit 18 is provided that performs various arithmetic processes based on the monitoring result of the state monitoring unit 17 and makes a determination based on the arithmetic processing result. The arithmetic processing unit 18 is provided with a display 19 for performing various displays based on the arithmetic processing result in the arithmetic processing unit 18, a buzzer 20 for generating a light load warning, and a warning lamp 21, and the contactor A relay circuit 23 for operating a relay 22 for opening and closing 15 is provided.

  The arithmetic processing unit 18 is based on the amount of power generated by the generator 11 determined from the voltage and current measured by the operating state monitoring unit 17 and the amount of power supplied to the external load 13. A load factor calculating unit for calculating the load factor, a load factor setting unit for setting a load factor that increases as the load factor decreases based on the load factor calculated by the load factor calculating unit, and the load factor setting unit A light load integration time calculation means for calculating the light load integration time based on the set load coefficient and the operating time of the generator 11, and a light load integration time calculated by the light load integration time calculation means. Power supply means for operating the relay 22 when a load integration time exceeds a reference time (hereinafter referred to as a light load reference time).

  The load factor set by the load factor setting means is, for example, “1” when the load factor is in the range of 10 to 30% and “2” when the load factor is less than 10%. The light load integration time calculated by the light load integration time calculation means is “10 × 1” for 10 minutes if the operation with a load factor of 20% continues for 10 minutes, and the load factor is 5 % Operation lasts 10 minutes, “10 × 2” is 20 minutes. In this case, the load coefficient in a range where the load factor exceeds 30% is “0”. Further, the light load integration time is set to be reset to “0” when the load factor exceeds 30%.

  The light load reference time is set to an appropriate value according to the specifications of the engine generator, for example, 600 minutes. When the light load integration time reaches the light load reference time, power is supplied to the load device 16. Is called. The time for performing the combustion operation for supplying electric power to the load device 16 and combusting unburned fuel or carbon in the muffler with the high-temperature exhaust gas (load operation time) is also an appropriate time according to the specifications of the engine generator, for example, 30 Set to minutes.

  The load device 16 has a power consumption that can increase the load factor of the generator 11 to, for example, 70% or more. For example, a heater for air heating can be used. The display 19 displays information necessary for the operation of the engine generator, such as voltage, current, and frequency, and further includes switches necessary for the operation of the engine generator.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of the operating state of the engine generator. The fluctuation of the load factor, the change of the light load integration time, the generation state of the light load warning, and the power supply state to the load device 16 with the passage of the operation time are shown. Represents. In this example, the load factor is in the range of 10 to 30%, the load factor is “1”, less than 10%, the load factor is “2”, the light load reference time is 600 minutes, and the load operation time is 30 minutes. To do.

  First, from time t1 to time t2, since the load factor is in the range of 10 to 30%, the light load integration time gradually increases with the load coefficient being “1”. When the load factor exceeds 30% at time t2, the integration of the light load integration time stops and the light load integration time is reset to “0”. When the load factor falls to a range of 10 to 30% at time t3, the integration of the light load integration time starts again from “0”, and the light load integration time gradually increases. When the load factor decreases to less than 10% at time t4, the load coefficient becomes “2”, so that the light load integration time increases rapidly.

  When the light load integration time reaches the light load reference time at time t5, the buzzer 20 sounds, the warning lamp 21 is lit and a light load warning is generated, and a signal from the arithmetic processing unit 18 to the relay circuit 23 is generated. Then, the relay 22 is actuated, the contactor 15 is closed, power is supplied from the generator 11 to the load device 16, and the load operation (combustion operation) starts. Since the load factor is in the range of 10 to 30% from the start of power supply to the load device 16 at time t5 until the load factor exceeds 30% at time t6, the light load integration time is moderate. Has increased. Even if the load factor exceeds 30% at time t6, since the combustion operation is being performed, the light load integration time is not reset and the value at that time is held.

  When the load factor exceeds 70% at time t7, the elapsed time of the load operation is measured, the load operation ends at time t8 when the elapsed time of the load operation becomes 30 minutes, the contactor 15 opens, and the load device When the power supply to 16 is finished, the light load integration time is reset to “0”, and the buzzer 20 and the warning lamp 21 also finish operating. When the load factor decreases with the end of the load operation and the load factor decreases to a range of 10 to 30% at time t9, the integration of the light load integration time starts again from “0”. At time t10, when the operation of the engine generator is terminated when the load factor is 30% or less, the light load integration time is held in the arithmetic processing unit 18, and at the start of the next operation, the held light load integration time. Accumulation of light load operation time starts from.

  Next, a first embodiment of the engine generator operating method of the present invention will be described based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS. The numerical values of the load coefficients will be described using the same values as described in FIG.

  First, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, after starting the diesel engine 12 and starting operation of the engine generator in step 51, it is determined whether or not the generator 11 is generating power in step 52, and generating power in step 52. If it is determined that the measurement time is set to be measured at a voltage or current measurement time interval, for example, 1 second, it is determined whether or not 1 second as the measurement time has elapsed. . When it is determined in step 53 that one second has elapsed, the process proceeds to step 54 where the power value supplied to the external load 13 by the arithmetic processing unit 18 based on the voltage or current measured by the operating state monitoring unit 17 and the generator The load factor is calculated on the basis of the 11 maximum generated electric energy.

  The load factor calculated in step 54 is determined whether or not the load factor is 30% or less in step 55. If it is determined that the load factor is not 30% or less, the process proceeds to step 56 to reset the light load integration time. Then, the process proceeds to step 57. If it is determined in step 55 that the load factor is 30% or less, the process proceeds to step 58 to determine whether the load factor is less than 10%, and when it is determined that the load factor is not less than 10%. That is, when the load factor is in the range of 10 to 30%, the routine proceeds to step 59, where the light load integration time (T) is updated by a value obtained by multiplying the measurement time by the load coefficient “1” before proceeding to step 57. If it is determined in step 58 that the load factor is less than 10%, the process proceeds to step 60, where the light load integration time (T) is updated with a value obtained by multiplying the measurement time by the load coefficient “2”. Proceed to

  In step 57, it is determined whether or not the light load accumulated time (T) is longer than the reference time. If it is determined that the light load accumulated time (T) is longer than the reference time, the process proceeds to step 61 and the buzzer 20 or warning is issued. The lamp 21 is activated to issue a light load warning, and the routine proceeds to step 62 where load operation (combustion operation) for burning unburned fuel or carbon is automatically performed (automatic operation ON) or manually. (Automatic operation OFF) is determined. When it is determined in step 62 that the combustion operation is automatically performed, the process proceeds to step 63, and the combustion operation is performed based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

  If it is determined in step 57 that the light load accumulated time (T) is not equal to or longer than the reference time, the process proceeds to step 65, and if the buzzer 20 or warning lamp 21 is activated, the alarm is reset. Then, the process proceeds to step 64. If it is determined in step 64 that the engine is stopped, a series of operations are completed in step 66. If the engine is in operation, the process returns to step 52. Further, when it is determined at step 52 that the generator 11 is not generating power or when it is determined at step 53 that one second has not elapsed, the routine proceeds to step 64.

  In the combustion operation in step 63, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, in step 71, the load amount (load factor) is calculated from the power amount currently supplied to the external load 13 and the power consumption amount of the load device 16 in step 71. In step 72, the calculated load amount is compared with the maximum generated power amount of the generator 11. When it is determined in step 72 that the load amount is 100% or less of the maximum generated power amount, the process proceeds to step 73 where the contactor 15 is closed (ON), and the power supply to the load device 16 is started or continued. The combustion operation is performed.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step 72 that the load amount exceeds 100% of the maximum generated power amount, the generator 11 is overloaded when power is supplied to the load device 16. Is opened (OFF), and the power supply to the load device 16 is stopped. Subsequently, in step 75, the load amount is calculated in the same manner as in step 71, and the calculated load amount is compared with the maximum generated power amount in step 76, and the load amount is 70% or more of the maximum generated power amount. Determines that the load device 16 is supplied with power and is in a combustion operation, and proceeds to step 77 to update the combustion time (Tb) with the measurement time.

  The combustion time (Tb) updated from step 73 or step 76 to step 77 is compared with the load operation time (combustion completion time) in step 78, and the combustion time (Tb) becomes equal to or longer than the combustion completion time. When it is determined that combustion is complete, the combustion operation is terminated. Next, the routine proceeds to step 79, where the light load accumulated time (T) is reset to zero, and the routine proceeds from step 80 to step 64. If the combustion time (Tb) is less than the combustion completion time, the process proceeds to step 80 without resetting the light load integration time (T), and then proceeds to step 64. If the load amount is less than 70% of the maximum generated power amount in step 76, the load device 16 is not supplied with power, so the routine proceeds to step 81 and the combustion time (Tb) is reset. Proceed to step 80.

  In this way, the load device is such that the total load power amount of the external load 13 measured in step 71 and the power consumption amount of the load device 16 does not exceed the maximum power generation amount of the generator 11. By controlling the power supply to 16, it is possible to prevent the generator 11 and the diesel engine 12 from being overloaded, and while performing the combustion operation while protecting the generator 11, unburned fuel and carbon in the muffler are removed. It can be reliably burned and removed.

  When performing the combustion operation manually, the combustion operation is started at regular time intervals or by the operation of the buzzer 20 and the warning lamp 21 in step 61, and the combustion operation is performed for a preset time, for example, 30 minutes. That's fine.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a main part showing a second embodiment of the engine generator of the present invention. In the following description, the same components as those of the engine generator shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The engine generator shown in the present embodiment uses a load device 16a in which three loads L1, L2, and L3 having different power consumptions are combined. The power consumption of the loads L1, L2, and L3 is the power consumption that increases the load factor of the generator by 10%, and the load L2 is the power consumption that increases the load factor of the generator by 20%. The load L3 uses a power consumption amount that increases the load factor of the generator by 40%, and controls the ON / OFF of the contactors 15a, 15b, and 15c corresponding to each load. By appropriately selecting the usage state of the loads L1, L2, and L3, the load factor can be increased in seven stages of 10 to 70%.

  FIG. 6 shows a flowchart at the time of combustion operation when the load device 16a shown in FIG. 5 is used. Since the other steps can be configured by steps similar to steps 51 to 62 and steps 64 to 66 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, the illustration and description of these steps are omitted.

  First, in step 91, a load to be connected is selected from among the loads L1, L2, and L3 of the load device 16a. This load selection is described in a calculation formula set in advance, for example, in step 91, based on a difference between a target load rate during combustion operation, for example, 70%, and the load factor of the electric power currently supplied to the external load 13. The L value (integer) is calculated using the calculated formula. For example, if the amount of power currently supplied to the external load 13 is a load factor of 20%, “5” is obtained as the L value of the load table.

  In step 92, referring to the load table, power supply to the loads L1, L3 corresponding to the L value “5” calculated in step 91 is selected, and the contactors 15a, 15c corresponding to the loads L1, L3 are turned on, The contactor 15b corresponding to L2 is turned OFF, and the combustion operation is performed by starting or continuing to supply power to the load device 16a. In the next step 93, it is determined whether or not the L value is less than zero. If the L value is less than zero, that is, if no power is supplied to the load device 16a, the routine proceeds to step 94 and the combustion time (Tb) is reached. Is reset to zero, and the process proceeds to step 95 and returns to step 64.

  If it is determined in step 93 that the L value is greater than or equal to zero, that is, power is supplied to the load device 16a, the process proceeds to step 96 and the combustion time (Tb) is updated with the measurement time. The updated combustion time (Tb) is compared with the combustion completion time. If it is determined in step 97 that the combustion time (Tb) has become equal to or greater than the combustion completion time, the combustion operation is terminated because the combustion is completed, and then the routine proceeds to step 98 where the light load integration time (T) is reset to zero. The process proceeds from step 95 to step 64. If it is determined that the combustion time (Tb) updated in step 97 is not equal to or longer than the combustion completion time, the process proceeds to step 95 and proceeds to step 64.

  Thus, since the load operation of the generator 11 can be performed with the load factor of the generator 11 being in the range of 70 to 80% by using the load device 16a configured by a plurality of loads having different power consumption amounts, The load can be minimized, and fuel costs and noise can be reduced. The number of loads provided in the load device 16a is arbitrary, and loads with the same power consumption can also be used.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a main part showing a second embodiment of the engine generator of the present invention. The present embodiment is applied when there is no problem even if the power supply to the external load 13 is interrupted. The switching switch 24 is used in place of the contactor 15 to supply power to the load device 16. In this case, the power supply to the external load 13 is interrupted.

  In addition, what is necessary is just to set a load coefficient suitably according to the specification of an engine generator, and it can also set a load coefficient in three steps or more. In addition, it is possible to use a load device other than a heater. In a portable engine generator in which a generator, a diesel engine, or the like is stored in a casing, the load device may be stored in the casing. Good.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Generator, 12 ... Diesel engine, 13 ... External load, 14 ... Electric power supply circuit, 15, 15a, 15b, 15c ... Contactor, 16 ... Load device, 17 ... Operating condition monitoring part, 18 ... Operation processing part, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 ... Indicator, 20 ... Buzzer, 21 ... Warning light, 22 ... Relay, 23 ... Relay circuit, 24 ... Switching switch, L1, L2, L3 ... Load in load device

Claims (4)

  In an engine generator that generates power by driving a generator with a diesel engine, when supplying power to equipment connected to the engine generator, a load factor that calculates a load factor from the amount of power generated by the generator Based on the load factor calculated by the load factor calculation unit, a load factor setting unit that sets a load factor that increases as the load factor decreases, and a load factor set by the load factor setting unit Light load integration time calculation means for calculating the light load integration time based on the generator operating time, and a light load integration time reference time preset by the light load integration time calculated by the light load integration time calculation means An engine generator comprising: a power supply means for starting power supply to a load for increasing the load factor provided in advance when the load exceeds the above.   2. The engine power generation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of loads for increasing the load factor are provided, and the power supply means is configured to be able to supply power by individually selecting each load for increasing the load factor. Machine.   In the operation method of an engine generator that generates power by driving a generator with a diesel engine, when supplying power to equipment connected to the engine generator, the load factor is calculated from the amount of power generated by the generator Then, based on the calculated load factor, a load factor that increases as the load factor decreases is set, and the light load integration time is calculated based on the set load factor and the generator operating time. A method of operating an engine generator, characterized in that when a light load integration time exceeds a preset light load integration time reference time, power supply to a load factor increasing load provided in advance is started.   4. The method of operating an engine generator according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of loads for increasing the load factor are provided, and the number of loads for increasing the load factor to be supplied is selected according to the calculated load factor.

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