JP5828690B2 - Fuel cell material supply device, fuel cell system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell raw material supply device including a raw material mixer that generates a mixed gas used for a power generation reaction of a fuel cell, and a fuel cell system including the fuel cell raw material supply device.

  Conventionally, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) including a solid electrolyte layer (solid oxide layer) is known as a fuel cell which is a kind of power generation device. The SOFC includes a power generation cell in which a fuel electrode layer in contact with a fuel gas and an air electrode layer in contact with an oxidant gas are disposed on both sides of the solid electrolyte layer. The fuel gas is for generating hydrogen, and the oxidant gas is for generating oxygen. Then, hydrogen and oxygen react via a solid electrolyte layer (power generation reaction), thereby generating DC power with the air electrode layer as a positive electrode and the fuel electrode layer as a negative electrode.

  Further, in the fuel cell, since a hydrocarbon gas such as city gas or natural gas is used as the fuel gas, there is an advantage that the fuel gas can be easily transported and stored using the existing infrastructure. Here, a steam reforming method is known as a reforming method for obtaining hydrogen from hydrocarbon gas. The steam reforming method is a method of obtaining hydrogen and carbon dioxide by mixing a hydrocarbon gas and steam to generate a mixed gas and reforming the mixed gas at a high temperature. In addition, the raw material mixer is used for the production | generation of mixed gas (for example, refer patent document 1). The raw material mixer obtains water vapor by vaporizing water and mixes the obtained water vapor with hydrocarbon gas.

JP 2007-18872 A (FIG. 2 etc.)

  By the way, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, a fuel introduction pipe (fuel gas supply pipe 132 for introducing a fuel gas, which is a gaseous raw material, into a casing constituting a raw material mixer (evaporation mixer 130). ) And a liquid introduction pipe (water supply pipe 134) for introducing water, which is a liquid raw material, into the casing. The opening of the fuel introduction pipe is covered with a barrier (cap-shaped member 216). Moreover, since the raw material mixer is heated from the outside, the water introduced into the casing through the liquid introduction pipe is heated and vaporized by the casing to become steam.

  However, since the volume expands when the water is vaporized to become water vapor, the fuel gas may be pushed back by the water vapor and flow back into the fuel introduction pipe. In this case, since the supply of the fuel gas becomes unstable, there is a problem that sufficient hydrogen cannot be obtained and the power generation in the fuel cell becomes unstable.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object thereof is a fuel capable of stabilizing power generation in a fuel cell by preventing the back flow of the raw material and stabilizing the supply of the raw material. It is providing the raw material supply apparatus for batteries. A second object is to provide a suitable fuel cell system including the fuel cell material supply device.

Means (Means 1) for solving the above problems include a casing in which a mixing channel is formed in an inner region formed by being surrounded, and a gaseous first raw material in the mixing channel in the casing. A first raw material introduction pipe to be introduced; a second raw material introduction pipe for introducing a liquid second raw material into the mixing flow path in the casing; and the second raw material in the mixing flow path is heated and vaporized. The heating unit, and a lead-out pipe for leading the first raw material and the second raw material out of the casing from the mixing channel, and the vaporized by the first raw material and the heating unit in the mixing channel a material supply device for a fuel cell comprising a raw material mixer to produce a mixed gas to be used in the power generation reaction in the fuel cell by mixing a second material, reforming the mixed gas supplied from the raw material mixer To produce hydrogen The generated the hydrogen further comprising a reformer for supplying to the fuel cell, wherein the outlet tube is the reformer are connected, the inner end and said second material introducing pipe of the first raw material feed pipe The inner end side of each has an opening that opens into the mixing flow path, and the casing has a first raw material introduction chamber in which the inner end of the first raw material introduction pipe is disposed in an inner region of the casing. And a second raw material introduction chamber in which the inner end of the second raw material introduction pipe is disposed, and a communication portion that communicates the first raw material introduction chamber and the second raw material introduction chamber to the barrier And the communication part is arranged behind the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows to the outlet pipe side along the mixing flow path. There is a fuel cell material supply device.

  According to the invention described in the means 1, the communication part is arranged behind the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows to the outlet pipe side along the mixing flow path. For this reason, even if the liquid second raw material introduced into the second raw material introduction chamber is vaporized and expanded by the heating unit, the first raw material introduced into the first raw material introduction chamber passes through the communication portion. It can be avoided that the second raw material introduced into the first raw material introduction chamber is pushed by the second raw material and flows back into the first raw material introduction pipe. As a result, since the supply of the first raw material is stable, the first raw material and the second raw material can be mixed to stably generate a mixed gas. In addition, since the communication portion is arranged behind the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe, the traveling direction of the second raw material that has passed through the communication portion and led to the first raw material introduction chamber is the direction in which the mixed gas flows. Will be the same. As a result, the mixed gas is pushed by the second raw material and flows toward the outlet tube, so that the supply of the mixed gas to the fuel cell is stabilized. From the above, power generation in the fuel cell can be stabilized.

  Note that the raw material mixer provided in the fuel cell raw material supply device includes a first raw material introduction pipe for introducing a gaseous first raw material into a mixing flow path in the casing, and a mixed second raw material in the casing. And a second raw material introduction pipe introduced into the path. Here, as a gaseous 1st raw material, hydrocarbon gas, an inert gas, water vapor | steam, etc. are mentioned, for example. When hydrocarbon gas is selected as the first raw material, the type of hydrocarbon gas is not particularly limited, but is preferably natural gas, naphtha, coal gasification gas, or the like. In addition, when an inert gas is selected as the first raw material, the type of the inert gas is not particularly limited, but is preferably nitrogen, argon, or the like. Only one type of first raw material may be used, or a plurality of types of first raw materials may be used in combination. Moreover, what vaporized the same raw material as a 2nd raw material may be used as a 1st raw material, and what vaporized several types of 2nd raw materials can also be used.

  On the other hand, examples of the liquid second raw material include liquid hydrocarbons, liquid alcohols, and water. When liquid hydrocarbon is selected as the second raw material, the type of liquid hydrocarbon is not particularly limited, but for example, hexane, 1-hexene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, benzene and the like are preferable. In addition, when liquid alcohol is selected as the second raw material, the type of liquid alcohol is not particularly limited, but is preferably ethyl alcohol (ethanol), methyl alcohol (methanol), propyl alcohol, or the like. The second raw material is preferably water and the first raw material is preferably a hydrocarbon gas.

  Further, the inner end side of the first raw material introduction tube and the inner end side of the second raw material introduction tube each have an opening that opens into the mixing flow path. Here, the “inner end side” includes a portion (end portion) near the end face in addition to the “end face” at the inner end of the first and second raw material introduction pipes. Note that the opening of the second raw material introduction pipe may be opened in a direction opposite to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path toward the outlet pipe. In this case, since the distance between the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe and the opening of the second raw material introduction pipe is increased, the second raw material introduced into the second raw material introduction chamber is vaporized and expanded. However, the expanded second raw material does not easily reach the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe. As a result, the possibility that the first raw material is pushed by the second raw material that has passed through the communicating portion and flows back into the first raw material introduction pipe is reduced. Therefore, the supply of the first raw material is further stabilized, and the mixed gas is more reliably generated, so that the power generation in the fuel cell is further stabilized. The opening of the second raw material introduction pipe may be opened in the same direction as the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe. In this case, since the second raw material introduction pipe can be formed in the same shape as the first raw material introduction pipe, the structure of the raw material mixer can be simplified.

  In addition, the first raw material introduction pipe extends in the same direction as the flow direction of the mixed gas along the mixing flow path toward the outlet pipe, and the second raw material introduction pipe extends along the mixing flow path toward the outlet pipe. May extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the gas flows. If it does in this way, even if the 1st raw material which has flowed through the 1st raw material introduction pipe is pushed by the 2nd raw material, it will become difficult to flow back into the 1st raw material introduction pipe. As a result, the supply of the first raw material is further stabilized and the mixed gas is more reliably generated, so that stable fuel reforming is possible, and power generation in the fuel cell is further stabilized.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the second raw material introduction tube is in contact with the heating portion so as to be able to conduct heat. If it does in this way, it will become easy to transmit the heat of a heating part to the 2nd raw material which flows through the inside of the 2nd raw material introduction pipe. Therefore, since the second raw material is reliably heated, the second raw material can be stably vaporized. Furthermore, when the second raw material introduction pipe includes a first pipe portion that extends from the inner wall of the casing to the second raw material introduction chamber, and a second pipe portion that is located on the distal end side of the first pipe portion and has an opening, It is preferable that the first pipe part is separated from the heating part while the second pipe part is in contact with the heating part so as to be able to conduct heat. In this case, since the contact area between the second raw material introduction pipe and the heating unit is reduced, vaporization of the second raw material in the second raw material introduction pipe can be minimized. As a result, since the clogging of the second raw material introduction pipe caused by the accumulation of a small amount of impurities not vaporized in the second raw material introduction pipe is prevented, the supply of the second raw material is stabilized, and the fuel cell raw material supply apparatus Reliability is improved.

  The heating unit includes an exhaust gas flow channel structure that is disposed in contact with the casing so as to be able to conduct heat, and that is heated by a power generation reaction in the fuel cell and through which exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell flows. It is preferable that the raw material is heated and vaporized by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas flow channel structure. In this case, since the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow channel structure is used for vaporization of the second raw material, the efficiency of the entire fuel cell raw material supply apparatus can be improved. Further, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel structure and the second raw material in the second pipe part flow in the same direction, and heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel structure and the second raw material in the second pipe part. Are preferred. In this case, the inner end of the second pipe portion comes into contact with the downstream portion of the exhaust gas flow channel structure. Note that the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the downstream portion of the exhaust gas flow channel structure is lower than the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the upstream portion. Therefore, since the inner end of the second pipe portion is in contact with a portion where the temperature of the exhaust gas is relatively low, the second raw material is introduced when the second raw material is introduced into the casing from the inner end of the second raw material introduction pipe. The possibility of sudden vaporization can be reduced.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a communication part is comprised by arrange | positioning a some communication hole in a plate-shaped member. In this way, the second raw material introduced into the second raw material introduction chamber from the second raw material introduction pipe is easily mixed with the first raw material by passing through the plurality of communication portions, so that the generation efficiency of the mixed gas is increased. Will improve. In addition, it is preferable that the opening area of a communicating hole in a plate-shaped member is more than the internal flow-path cross-sectional area of a 2nd raw material introduction pipe. If the opening area of the communication hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the internal flow path of the second raw material introduction pipe, the second raw material introduced into the second raw material introduction chamber becomes difficult to pass through the communication hole. Will fall. Furthermore, it is preferable that the communication part faces the first raw material introduction pipe side. That is, it is preferable that the communication portion is disposed in a portion of the barrier located between the first raw material introduction pipe and the second raw material introduction chamber. In this way, the second raw material that has passed through the communicating portion reaches the vicinity of the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe and is easily mixed with the first raw material, so that the generation efficiency of the mixed gas is further improved.

  The fuel cell raw material supply apparatus preferably further includes a reformer that generates hydrogen by reforming the mixed gas supplied from the raw material mixer and supplies the generated hydrogen to the fuel cell. If it does in this way, hydrogen required for the power generation reaction of a fuel cell can be obtained using the mixed gas obtained by mixing the existing 1st raw material and the 2nd raw material.

  In the above-mentioned means 1, when at least one of the plurality of wall portions constituting the casing is a partition wall that partitions an inner region of the casing and the heating portion adjacent to the casing, the partition wall Thus, at least the second raw material introduction chamber can be configured.

  Furthermore, when at least one of the plurality of wall portions is a partition wall, the length in the height direction of the casing is set to be shorter than the length in the lateral direction of the casing, A heating part can also be arrange | positioned through the said partition wall.

  In addition, the second raw material introduction pipe is a first pipe portion extending from the inner wall of the casing to the second raw material introduction chamber, and a second pipe portion that is located on the distal end side of the first pipe portion and has the opening. The length of the second pipe part can be made shorter than the length of the first pipe part.

  As another means (means 2) for solving the above-mentioned problems, the fuel cell raw material supply device according to the above means 1, the fuel cell, an electrolyte layer, and both sides of the electrolyte layer are arranged. A fuel cell stack having a fuel electrode layer and an air electrode layer, generating a power by a power generation reaction in the power generation cell, a heat exchange medium, and after the power generation reaction in the fuel cell, from the fuel cell There is a fuel cell system comprising an exhaust gas heat exchange device for exchanging heat with the exhausted exhaust gas.

  According to the invention described in Means 2, in the raw material mixer provided in the fuel cell raw material supply device, the communication portion of the first raw material introduction pipe is the communication section with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows to the outlet pipe side along the mixing flow path. It arrange | positions back rather than an opening part. For this reason, even if the liquid second raw material introduced into the second raw material introduction chamber is vaporized and expanded by the heating unit, the first raw material introduced into the first raw material introduction chamber passes through the communication portion. It can be avoided that the second raw material introduced into the first raw material introduction chamber is pushed by the second raw material and flows back into the first raw material introduction pipe. As a result, since the supply of the first raw material is stable, the first raw material and the second raw material can be mixed to stably generate a mixed gas. In addition, since the communication portion is arranged behind the opening of the first raw material introduction pipe, the traveling direction of the second raw material that has passed through the communication portion and led to the first raw material introduction chamber is the direction in which the mixed gas flows. Will be the same. As a result, the mixed gas is pushed by the second raw material and flows toward the outlet tube, so that the supply of the mixed gas to the fuel cell is stabilized. From the above, power generation in the fuel cell can be stabilized. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a suitable fuel cell system including a highly reliable fuel cell material supply device.

Here, as the fuel cell, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) using a ZrO ₂ ceramic as an electrolyte, a solid polymer fuel cell (PEFC) using a polymer electrolyte membrane as an electrolyte, Li-Na, and the like. Fuel cells such as a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) using an / K-based carbonate as an electrolyte, and a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) using phosphoric acid as an electrolyte. Note that the operating temperature of the fuel cell (that is, the temperature at which ions can move in the electrolyte) differs for each type of fuel cell. Specifically, the operating temperature of SOFC is about 700 ° C. to 1000 ° C., the operating temperature of PEFC is about room temperature to about 90 ° C., the operating temperature of MCFC is about 650 ° C. to 700 ° C., and the operating temperature of PAFC is 150 ° C. to 200 ° C. It is about ℃.

Further, the fuel cell stack constituting the fuel cell system includes a power generation cell. When the fuel cell is an SOFC, examples of the material for forming an electrolyte layer (solid oxide layer) constituting the power generation cell include ZrO ₂ ceramic, LaGaO ₃ ceramic, BaCeO ₃ ceramic, SrCeO ₃ ceramic, SrZrO _3. Type ceramics and CaZrO ₃ type ceramics.

Furthermore, the fuel electrode layer constituting the power generation cell functions as a negative electrode in the power generation cell. Here, as the material for forming the fuel electrode layer, for example, ZrO ₂ ceramics stabilized by rare earth elements (Sc, Y, etc.), CeO ₂ ceramics doped with rare earth elements (Sm, Gd, etc.), etc. Metal ceramic material in which at least one ceramic material is mixed with at least one of metal materials such as Pt, Au, Ag, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh, Ni, Fe and alloys of these metal materials A mixture of cermets can be used.

The air electrode layer constituting the power generation cell functions as a positive electrode in the power generation cell. Here, examples of the material for forming the air electrode layer include metal materials, metal oxides, metal composite oxides, and the like. Preferable examples of the metal material include Pt, Au, Ag, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh, etc., and alloys thereof. Preferable examples of the metal oxide include La, Sr, Ce, Co, Mn, Fe oxide (La ₂ O ₃ , SrO, Ce ₂ O ₃ , Co ₂ O ₃ , MnO ₂ , FeO), etc. There is. Preferable examples of metal composite oxides include, for example, composite oxides containing La, Pr, Sm, Sr, Ba, Co, Fe, and Mn (La _1-x Sr _x CoO ₃ -based composite oxide, La _{1 -x} Sr _x FeO _3-based composite _{oxide, La 1-x Sr x Co} 1-y Fe y O 3 composite _{oxide, La 1-x Sr x MnO} 3 composite _oxide, Pr _1-x Ba _x CoO ₃ type composite oxide, Sm _1-x Sr _x CoO ₃ type composite oxide) and the like.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the fuel cell system in this embodiment. The schematic perspective view which shows the fuel cell of a fuel cell system. The schematic rear view which shows the fuel cell of a fuel cell system. The schematic sectional drawing which shows a raw material mixer. The schematic sectional drawing which shows a raw material mixer. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the raw material mixer in other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a fuel cell system 1 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell material supply device 10, a fuel cell 20, and an exhaust gas heat exchange device 30. A mixed gas supply channel 101 that supplies a mixed gas to the fuel cell stack 21 is connected to the fuel cell stack 21 that constitutes the fuel cell 20. Note that the mixed gas of the present embodiment is used for the power generation reaction of the fuel cell 20. The mixed gas is obtained by mixing a fuel gas (a hydrocarbon gas such as methane or propane in the present embodiment) that is a gaseous first raw material with water vapor that vaporizes water that is a liquid second raw material. It is to be generated. Further, the mixed gas supply channel 101 communicates with a fuel supply path (not shown) of the fuel cell stack 21 via a reforming layer 22 (reformer) provided in the fuel cell stack 21. The reforming layer 22 is for obtaining hydrogen by steam reforming the mixed gas using a reforming catalyst (for example, ruthenium or nickel).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the mixed gas supply channel 101 is branched into a fuel gas supply pipe 102 and a water supply pipe 103 on the upstream side. An electromagnetic valve 104 and a fuel pump 105 are installed on the fuel gas supply pipe 102. The electromagnetic valve 104 is configured to switch the fuel gas supply pipe 102 to an open state or a closed state. When the solenoid valve 104 is switched to the open state, the fuel gas can be supplied to the downstream side. Note that the electromagnetic valve 104 of the present embodiment is an electromagnetic valve that is operated by a solenoid (not shown). The fuel pump 105 is disposed on the downstream side of the electromagnetic valve 104 and supplies the fuel gas supplied from the upstream side to the fuel cell stack 21 side. On the other hand, a water tank 106 and a water pump 107 are installed on the water supply pipe 103. The water tank 106 is for storing water. The water pump 107 is disposed on the downstream side of the water tank 106 and supplies water in the water tank 106 to the fuel cell stack 21 side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an air supply channel 111 that supplies air to the fuel cell stack 21 is connected to the fuel cell stack 21. The air supply passage 111 communicates with an air supply path (not shown) of the fuel cell stack 21. An air pump 112 and a heat exchanger 113 are installed on the air supply channel 111. The air pump 112 supplies air taken from outside to the heat exchanger 113. The heat exchanger 113 has a function of increasing the temperature of the air (oxidant gas) supplied from the air pump 112 by the heat generated from the fuel cell stack 21 during a power generation reaction in the fuel cell stack 21 (function of performing preheating). have. The heat exchanger 113 supplies heated air to the fuel cell stack 21. Exhaust gas such as used gas after power generation is discharged from the fuel cell stack 21 to the exhaust gas heat exchange device 30 via the discharge channel 114.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a gas supply passage 121 that supplies air and ignition gas to the activation burner 40 is connected to the activation burner 40 that constitutes the fuel cell 20. The gas supply channel 121 is branched into an air supply pipe 122 and an ignition gas supply pipe 123 on the upstream side. An air blower 124 is installed on the air supply pipe 122. The air blower 124 supplies air taken from outside to the activation burner 40. On the other hand, an electromagnetic valve 125 is installed on the ignition gas supply pipe 123. The solenoid valve 125 is configured to switch the ignition gas supply pipe 123 to an open state or a closed state. When the solenoid valve 125 is switched to the open state, the ignition gas can be supplied to the downstream side. Note that the electromagnetic valve 125 of the present embodiment is an electromagnetic valve that is operated by a solenoid (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 1, a proportional valve 126 is installed at a connection portion between the air supply pipe 122 and the ignition gas supply pipe 123. The proportional valve 126 is a ratio between the amount of air supplied from the air supply pipe 122 to the activation burner 40 and the amount of ignition gas supplied from the ignition gas supply pipe 123 to the activation burner 40 (air-fuel ratio). To be adjusted. Note that the air and the ignition gas sent to the starter burner 40 are ignited by an ignition source (not shown) to heat the inside of the heat insulating container 127.

  Note that the fuel cell 20 of the present embodiment is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The fuel cell 20 includes a fuel cell stack 21 that generates electric power through a power generation reaction. Further, the fuel cell 20 includes a heat exchanger 113, an activation burner 40, a raw material mixer 50, and the like. Since the operating temperature of the fuel cell 20 is high (600 to 1000 ° C. in the present embodiment), the fuel cell stack 21, the heat exchanger 113, the starter burner 40, and the raw material mixer 50 are included in the heat insulating container 127. It is housed and protected.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the activation burner 40 has a substantially flat plate shape and supports the fuel cell stack 21 from below. The activation burner 40 is disposed close to the side surface of the raw material mixer 50. The activation burner 40 heats the fuel cell stack 21 to the operating temperature (for example, 700 ° C.) and heats and vaporizes the water flowing in the raw material mixer 50.

  The fuel cell stack 21 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 180 mm × width of 180 mm × height of 80 mm. Further, an oxidant gas preheating layer 23 (see FIG. 1) for further heating the air (oxidant gas) heated by the heat exchanger 113 is laminated on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack 21. Further, an off-gas combustion layer 24 (see FIG. 1) for promoting complete combustion of exhaust gas is laminated on the lower surface of the fuel cell stack 21. The above-described modified layer 22 is laminated on the lower surface of the offgas combustion layer 24. The fuel cell stack 21 is formed by laminating a plurality of substantially rectangular power generation cells (not shown), which is the minimum unit of power generation. The power generation cell is configured by laminating a separator, an air electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, a fuel electrode layer, and the like.

The separator is formed in a rectangular shape using a conductive material such as stainless steel, and has a rectangular opening at the center. Further, the electrolyte layer is formed in a rectangular shape by a ceramic material (oxide) such as ZrO ₂ . The electrolyte layer is fixed to the lower surface of the separator and is disposed so as to close the opening of the separator. The electrolyte layer functions as an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte body. Further, an air electrode layer in contact with the air supplied to the fuel cell stack 21 is affixed to the upper surface of the electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer in contact with the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 21 is also attached to the lower surface of the electrolyte. It is affixed. That is, the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer are disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer. The air electrode layer is disposed in the opening of the separator so as not to contact the separator. Further, the air electrode layer is formed in a rectangular plate shape by a metal complex oxide, and the fuel electrode layer is also formed in a rectangular plate shape by a mixture (cermet in this embodiment) of a metal material and a ceramic material. .

  In the power generation cell of this embodiment, a fuel chamber is formed below the separator and an air chamber is formed above the separator. The fuel cell stack 21 includes a fuel supply path (not shown) for supplying fuel gas to the fuel chamber of each power generation cell, and a fuel discharge path (not shown) for discharging the fuel gas from the fuel chamber. Therefore, the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel chamber through the fuel supply path, and is discharged from the fuel chamber through the fuel discharge path. Further, the fuel cell stack 21 includes an air supply path (not shown) for supplying air to the air chamber of each power generation cell, and an air discharge path (not shown) for discharging air from the air chamber. Therefore, the air is supplied to the air chamber through the air supply path, and is discharged from the air chamber through the air discharge path.

  For example, in a state where the inside of the heat insulating container 127 is heated to the operating temperature, the fuel gas is introduced into the fuel chamber from the fuel supply path, and air is introduced into the air chamber from the air supply path. As a result, hydrogen in the fuel gas and oxygen in the air react (electric power generation reaction) through the electrolyte layer, and DC power is generated with the air electrode layer as the positive electrode and the fuel electrode layer as the negative electrode.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material mixer 50 is installed at a connection portion between the fuel gas supply pipe 102 and the water supply pipe 103. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the raw material mixer 50 is formed of a metal material such as stainless steel having excellent heat resistance, and includes a first casing 51 and a second casing 71. The first casing 51 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by a plurality of wall portions such as a ceiling wall portion 52, a bottom wall portion 53, and four side wall portions 54, 55, 56, and 57. The length in the height direction of the first casing 51 (that is, the height of the side walls 54 to 57) is substantially the same as the length in the vertical direction of the first casing 51 (that is, the width of the side walls 55 and 57). While being set equal, it is set shorter than the length of the first casing 51 in the lateral direction (that is, the width of the side walls 54 and 56). A part of the ceiling wall portion 52 is a partition wall that partitions the internal region of the first casing 51 and the internal region of the second casing 71. That is, the ceiling wall portion 52 also serves as the bottom portion of the second casing 71 adjacent to the upper side of the first casing 51. Further, the first casing 51 has a mixing channel 58 in an inner region formed by being surrounded.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross section when the first casing 51 is viewed in the vertical direction (FIG. 2 is downward). FIG. 5 shows a cross section when the first casing 51 and the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 are viewed in the lateral direction in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the first casing 51 has a fuel gas introduction chamber 91 (first raw material introduction chamber) and a water introduction chamber 92 (second raw material introduction chamber) inside the first casing 51. A barrier wall 93 is provided inside. The barrier 93 of the present embodiment is formed in a box shape from a metal material such as stainless steel having excellent heat resistance, and includes a ceiling portion 94, two side walls 95 and 96, and two side wall portions 56 and 57 of the first casing 51. And a bottom wall portion 53 of the first casing 51. The ceiling portion 94 is arranged in parallel with the ceiling wall portion 52 and the bottom wall portion 53, and the height from the bottom wall portion 53 to the ceiling portion 94 is the height from the bottom wall portion 53 to the ceiling wall portion 52. It is about a half. The side wall 95 is disposed in parallel with the side wall part 57, and the distance from the side wall part 57 to the side wall 95 is about one fifth of the distance from the side wall part 57 to the side wall part 55. The side wall 96 is disposed in parallel with the side wall part 56, and the distance from the side wall part 56 to the side wall 96 is about one half of the distance from the side wall part 56 to the side wall part 54.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the ceiling portion 94 (plate member) is formed with a slit-like communication hole 97 (communication portion) that allows the water introduction chamber 92 and the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 to communicate with each other. Yes. The communication hole 97 is disposed in the vicinity of the connection portion with the side wall portion 57 in the ceiling portion 94. The length of the communication hole 97 is equal to the distance between the inner surface of the side wall portion 56 and the inner surface of the side wall 96. The width of the communication hole 97 is about 1/7 of the length of the ceiling portion 94 in the longitudinal direction. Further, the proportion of the communication hole 97 in the ceiling portion 94 is set to about 10% in the present embodiment.

  Further, the first casing 51 has a fuel gas introduction pipe 61 (first raw material introduction pipe) and a water introduction pipe 62 (second raw material introduction pipe) communicating between the inner region and the outer region of the first casing 51. Is provided. In the first casing 51, the fuel gas is introduced into the mixing channel 58 through the fuel gas introduction pipe 61, and the water is introduced into the mixing channel 58 through the water introduction pipe 62.

  More specifically, the outer end of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 communicates with the fuel gas supply pipe 102. Further, the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 passes through one side wall portion 57 of the four side wall portions 54 to 57 and extends along the lateral direction of the first casing 51. In other words, the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 extends in the same direction as the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 toward the outlet pipe 63. Further, the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 is disposed above the ceiling portion 94 of the barrier 93 (see FIG. 5). Therefore, the communication hole 97 provided in the ceiling portion 94 opens toward the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 side. The inner end of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 protrudes into the first casing 51 and is disposed in the fuel gas introduction chamber 91, and has an opening 64 that opens to the mixing channel 58 on the inner end surface. In this embodiment, the communication hole 97 is formed in the opening 64 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 toward the outlet pipe 63 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). It is arranged at the rear. The length of the portion of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 that protrudes into the first casing 51 is set to about five times the length of the portion of the water introduction pipe 62 that protrudes into the first casing 51 (see FIG. 4, see FIG. Furthermore, the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 extends along the lateral direction of the first casing 51 at a position that is about 1/5 to 3/4 of the height of the first casing 51 (see FIG. 5). .

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the outer end of the water introduction pipe 62 communicates with the water supply pipe 103. The cross-sectional area of the water introduction pipe 62 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61. Further, the water introduction pipe 62 passes through one side wall 57 of the four side walls 54 to 57 and extends along the lateral direction of the first casing 51. In other words, the water introduction pipe 62 extends in the same direction as the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 toward the outlet pipe 63. In this embodiment, the length of the portion of the water introduction pipe 62 that protrudes into the first casing 51 is about one third of the length of the portion of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 that protrudes into the first casing 51. Is set. Further, the water introduction pipe 62 is located at a height that is about a quarter of the first casing 51. Accordingly, the water introduction pipe 62 is disposed in a state of being separated from the bottom wall portion 53 of the first casing 51.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inner end of the water introduction pipe 62 protrudes into the first casing 51 and is disposed in the water introduction chamber 92, and has an opening 68 that opens to the mixing channel 58. On the inner end face. In other words, the opening 68 opens in the same direction as the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing channel 58 toward the outlet pipe 63 side. The opening 68 opens toward the side wall 95 of the barrier 93. Therefore, the water introduction pipe 62 ejects water from the upstream side to the downstream side of the mixing channel 58. The opening 68 is disposed behind the opening 64 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 toward the outlet pipe 63.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second casing 71 is located above the first casing 51. The second casing 71 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by the ceiling portion 72, the four side walls 73, 74, 75, 76 and the ceiling wall portion 52 of the first casing 51. The length in the height direction of the second casing 71 (that is, the height of the side walls 73 to 76) is longer than the length in the lateral direction of the second casing 71 (that is, the width of the side walls 73 to 76). ing. The width of the side walls 73 and 75 is considerably larger than the width of the side walls 74 and 76.

  Further, the second casing 71 functions as a heat exchanger that raises the temperature of the mixed gas before being supplied to the fuel cell stack 21 by heat generated from the fuel cell stack 21 during a power generation reaction in the fuel cell stack 21 ( Preheating function). The second casing 71 supplies the heated mixed gas to the fuel cell stack 21. In addition, the 2nd casing 71 of this embodiment has the derivation | leading-out flow path 77 in the internal area | region formed by being enclosed. In addition, the second casing 71 includes three partition plates 78 that divide the inner region of the second casing 71. Specifically, the partition plates 78 are located at different heights in the second casing 71. Each partition plate 78 has a strip shape, and a space generated between one end portion and the side walls 74 and 76 is a communication portion 79. In the present embodiment, a space generated between the uppermost and lowermost partition plates 78 and the side walls 76 is the communication portion 79, and a space generated between the intermediate layer partition plate 78 and the side walls 74 is the communication portion 79. .

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second casing 71 is provided with a lead-out pipe 63 that communicates between the inner region and the outer region of the second casing 71. In the second casing 71, the mixed gas is introduced into the outlet channel 77 via the communication hole 59 (see FIG. 2) provided in the ceiling wall portion 52 of the first casing 51, and the introduced mixed gas is led out. It is led out of the second casing 71 through the pipe 63. The inner end side of the outlet pipe 63 passes through one side wall 75 of the four side walls 73 to 76 and opens in the outlet channel 77, specifically, the upper region of the uppermost partition plate 78. An opening (not shown) is provided on the inner end surface. Further, the outlet pipe 63 extends in a direction in which the traveling direction of the mixed gas flowing through the outlet passage 77 is changed downward. The outer end of the outlet pipe 63 is connected to the reforming layer 22 of the fuel cell stack 21 via the mixed gas supply channel 101.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the raw material mixer 50 includes a heating unit 80 that heats and vaporizes water in the mixing flow path 58 of the first casing 51. The heating unit 80 includes an exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 through which exhaust gas heated by the power generation reaction in the fuel cell 20 and discharged from the fuel cell 20 flows. The exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel having excellent heat resistance. The exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by the bottom portion 82, the bottom wall portion 53 of the first casing 51, and the side wall portions 54 to 57 of the first casing 51. The upstream end of the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 (the end of the side wall portion 55) communicates with the discharge flow channel 114. Further, the bottom wall portion 53 is a partition wall that partitions the internal region of the first casing 51 and the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81. That is, the bottom wall portion 53 also serves as a ceiling portion of the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 adjacent to the first casing 51.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 is in contact with the first casing 51 so as to be able to conduct heat. Further, the heating unit 80 has a function as a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 and the water flowing in the water introduction pipe 62. More specifically, the heat of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 is transmitted (heat absorption) to the water flowing in the water introduction pipe 62. As a result, the water flowing through the water introduction pipe 62 is heated and vaporized.

  The exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 includes a punching metal 83 that divides the internal region of the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 into an upstream region A1 and a downstream region A2. The punching metal 83 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view with a metal material such as stainless steel having excellent heat resistance, and has a plurality of circular through holes.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 is provided with an exhaust gas exhaust pipe 84 that passes through one of the four side walls 54 to 57 and extends along the lateral direction. . The exhaust gas discharge pipe 84 is a flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and an inner end protrudes into the downstream region A <b> 2 of the exhaust gas flow path structure 81. The exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 and the exhaust gas discharge pipe 84 flows in the opposite direction to the water flowing in the water introduction pipe 62. Furthermore, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81 and the fuel gas in the first casing 51 flow in opposite directions. Further, the exhaust gas is cooled to 250 ° C. to 400 ° C. in the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81, and then guided to the exhaust gas heat exchange device 30 from the downstream end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 84.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas heat exchange device 30 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas supplied from the heating unit 80 via the exhaust gas discharge pipe 84 and the refrigerant (water in this embodiment) that is a heat exchange medium. It has a function to perform. The exhaust gas heat exchange device 30 includes an exhaust gas introduction part (not shown) and a refrigerant channel (not shown). The exhaust gas introduction part is a flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and an upstream end communicates with the outer end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 84. On the other hand, the refrigerant channel is a channel through which the refrigerant flows, and the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas introduction portion is transmitted (heat absorption) to the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant channel. In addition, after the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas introduction part is cooled to 30 to 40 ° C., it is released to the atmosphere from the downstream end of the exhaust gas introduction part.

  Next, a method for generating a mixed gas used for the power generation reaction of the fuel cell 20 using the fuel cell material supply device 10 will be described.

  First, the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply pipe 102 is introduced into the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 (mixing channel 58) in the first casing 51 through the fuel gas introduction pipe 61. Further, water supplied from the water supply pipe 103 is introduced into the water introduction chamber 92 through the water introduction pipe 62. In addition, when water passes through the vicinity of the opening 68 of the water introduction pipe 62, the water is vaporized by the heat transmitted from the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow channel structure 81, and becomes water vapor. Therefore, the water that has passed through the water introduction pipe 62 is introduced into the water introduction chamber 92 as water vapor, and the water vapor that has been introduced into the water introduction chamber 92 passes through the communication hole 97 and is mixed with the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 (mixing). Guided to channel 58).

  Thereafter, the fuel gas and the water vapor are mixed in the mixing channel 58 to generate a mixed gas. Then, the mixed gas is led to the reforming layer 22 of the fuel cell 20 to become hydrogen and used for the power generation reaction of the fuel cell 20.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the fuel cell material supply device 10 of the present embodiment, the communication hole 97 is the opening 64 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 toward the outlet pipe 63. It is arranged behind. For this reason, even if the water introduced into the water introduction chamber 92 is vaporized by the heating unit 80 and expands to become water vapor, the fuel gas introduced into the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 is fueled through the communication hole 97. It is possible to avoid backflow into the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 by being pushed by the water vapor introduced into the gas introduction chamber 91. As a result, the supply of the fuel gas is stabilized, so that the mixed gas can be stably generated by mixing the fuel gas and the water vapor. In addition, since the communication hole 97 is disposed behind the opening 64 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61, the mixed gas flows in the direction of the water vapor that has passed through the communication hole 97 and led to the fuel gas introduction chamber 91. It becomes the same as the direction. As a result, the mixed gas is pushed by the water vapor and flows toward the outlet pipe 63, so that the supply of the mixed gas to the reformed layer 22 is stabilized. From the above, power generation in the fuel cell 20 can be stabilized.

  (2) In the present embodiment, the opening 68 of the water introduction pipe 62 opens toward the side wall 95 of the barrier 93. For this reason, the flow rate of the water vapor introduced from the water introduction pipe 62 into the water introduction chamber 92 is reduced by colliding with the side wall 95. Therefore, even if the fuel gas introduced into the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 is pushed by the water vapor introduced to the fuel gas introduction chamber 91 through the communication hole 97, there is a possibility that the fuel gas will flow back into the fuel gas introduction pipe 61. Get smaller. As a result, the supply of the fuel gas is further stabilized and the mixed gas is more reliably generated, so that the power generation in the fuel cell 20 is further stabilized.

  In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows.

  Although the communication part of the said embodiment was comprised by arrange | positioning the one communication hole 97 in the ceiling part 94 of the barrier 93, it comprises a communication part by arrange | positioning the several communication hole 97 in the ceiling part 94. May be. The communication hole is not limited to the slit shape, and may be, for example, a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, or the like.

  You may change the structure of the raw material mixer 50 of the said embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 is disposed above the ceiling portion 94 of the barrier 93. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the fuel gas introduction pipe 161 is substantially the same height as the ceiling portion 194. You may change to the raw material mixer 150 arrange | positioned. In addition, the barrier 93 of the above embodiment is composed of the ceiling portion 94, the side walls 95 and 96, the side wall portions 56 and 57, and the bottom wall portion 53. However, as shown in FIG. You may change into the raw material mixer 250 provided with the barrier 293 formed by connecting the both ends of the ceiling part 294 and the both ends of the side wall 295 to the side wall parts 296 and 297, respectively.

  In the raw material mixer 50 of the above embodiment, the opening 68 of the water introduction pipe 62 has a direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path 58 (that is, a direction in which the opening 64 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61 opens). It was open in the same direction. However, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the fuel gas introduction pipes 361 and 561 extend in the same direction as the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow paths 358 and 558, and the water introduction pipes 362 and 562 are mixed. The raw material mixers 350 and 550 extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the flow paths 358 and 558 may be used. As shown in FIG. 11, the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing channel 658 in the opening 668 of the water introduction pipe 662 (that is, the direction in which the opening 664 of the fuel gas introduction pipe 661 opens) is defined. The raw material mixer 650 opening in the opposite direction may be used.

  In the raw material mixer 50 of the above embodiment, the water introduction pipe 62 is separated from the heating unit 80. However, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the raw material mixers 450, 550, and 650 in which the water introduction pipes 462, 562, and 662 are in contact with the heating units 480, 580, and 680 so as to conduct heat may be used.

  In the raw material mixer 50 of the above embodiment, the entire water introduction pipe 62 extending in a straight line is separated from the heating unit 80. However, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the first pipe portions 465, 565, 665 of the water introduction pipes 462, 562, 662 are separated from the heating parts 480, 580, 680, while the water introduction pipes 462, 562 are separated. , 662 may be the raw material mixers 450, 550, 650 in contact with the heating units 480, 580, 680.

  9 to 11, the lengths of the second tube portions 466, 566, and 666 that are in contact with the heating portions 480, 580, and 680 are the first tubes that are separated from the heating portions 480, 580, and 680, respectively. The length is preferably shorter than the length of the portions 465, 565, 665. By doing so, the contact area between the water introduction pipes 462, 562, 662 and the heating parts 480, 580, 680 is reduced, and the contact part between the water introduction pipes 462, 562, 662 and the heating parts 480, 580, 680 is reduced. Is positioned in the vicinity of the openings 468, 568, 668. As a result, even if water flows in the water introduction pipes 462, 562, 662, water vaporization in the water introduction pipes 462, 562, 662 is suppressed until just before being introduced into the mixing flow paths 458, 558, 658. Be able to. Therefore, accumulation of a small amount of impurities that are not vaporized in the water introduction pipes 462, 562, and 662 is prevented, so that the supply of water becomes stable, and the reliability of the fuel cell raw material supply apparatus is improved.

  In the above embodiment, the opening 64 is provided on the inner end surface (tip surface) of the symbol display device 61, but the opening is provided at a different position such as the outer peripheral surface of the inner end of the fuel gas introduction pipe 61. Also good. Similarly, in the above-described embodiment, the inner end face of the water introduction pipe 62 (the opening 68 is provided at the tip face, but the opening is provided at a different position such as the outer peripheral face of the inner end of the water introduction pipe 62. May be.

  The heating unit 80 of the above embodiment heats and vaporizes the water in the water introduction chamber 92 of the first casing 51 using the exhaust gas heated by the power generation reaction in the fuel cell 20 and discharged from the fuel cell 20. It was a thing. However, the heating unit may be a burner or an electric heater that heats the water in the water introduction chamber 92 by staying heat or radiant heat, or the fuel cell 20 itself.

  In the above embodiment, the oxidant gas preheating layer 23 and the offgas combustion layer 24 are stacked on the fuel cell stack 21, but the oxidant gas preheating layer 23 and the offgas combustion layer 24 may be omitted.

  In the above embodiment, a fuel gas (hydrocarbon gas such as methane or propane) that is a gaseous first raw material and water vapor that vaporizes water that is a liquid second raw material are mixed to generate a mixed gas. Further, a steam reforming method has been used in which hydrogen is obtained by bringing the produced mixed gas into contact with a catalyst (ruthenium, nickel, etc.) of the reforming layer 22. Instead, for example, air, which is a gaseous first raw material, and vaporized methanol, which is a liquid second raw material, are mixed to generate a mixed gas, and the generated mixed gas is converted into a catalyst such as platinum. Alternatively, a partial oxidation reforming method for obtaining hydrogen by contacting with the substrate may be used. With such a partial oxidation reforming method, it is only necessary to use air present in the atmosphere as the first raw material, so that the configuration of the fuel cell system 1 can be simplified.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel cell system 10 ... Fuel cell raw material supply apparatus 20 ... Fuel cell 21 ... Fuel cell stack 22 ... Reformed layer 30 as a reformer ... Exhaust gas heat exchange device 50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, 650 ... Raw material mixer 51 ... First casing 58, 358, 458, 558, 658 as casing ... Mixing flow path 61, 161, 361, 561, 661 ... Fuel gas introduction pipes 62, 362 as first raw material introduction pipes , 462, 562, 662 ... water introduction pipe 63 as second raw material introduction pipe ... outlet pipe 64, 664 ... first raw material introduction pipe opening 68, 468, 568, 668 ... second raw material introduction pipe opening 80 , 480, 580, 680... Heating part 81... Exhaust gas flow channel structure 91... Fuel gas introduction chamber 92 as a first material introduction chamber .. water introduction chambers 93 and 2 as second material introduction chambers 3 ... communicating holes 465,565,665 ... first tubular portion 466,566,666: second tubular portion of the ceiling portion 97 ... communicating portion as a barrier 94 ... plate-like member

Claims (10)

A casing in which a mixing channel is formed in an enclosed inner region, a first source introduction pipe for introducing a gaseous first raw material into the mixing channel in the casing, and a liquid second source A second raw material introduction pipe for introducing the first raw material into the mixing flow path in the casing, a heating unit for heating and vaporizing the second raw material in the mixing flow path, and the first raw material and the A lead pipe for leading the second raw material out of the casing, and the first raw material and the second raw material vaporized by the heating unit are mixed in the mixing channel and used for a power generation reaction of the fuel cell. A fuel cell raw material supply device comprising a raw material mixer for generating a mixed gas comprising:
Further comprising a reformer for generating hydrogen by reforming the mixed gas supplied from the raw material mixer, and supplying the generated hydrogen to the fuel cell;
The outlet pipe is connected to the reformer;
The inner end side of the first raw material introduction pipe and the inner end side of the second raw material introduction pipe each have an opening that opens to the mixing channel,
The casing divides an inner region of the casing into a first raw material introduction chamber in which an inner end of the first raw material introduction pipe is arranged and a second raw material introduction chamber in which an inner end of the second raw material introduction pipe is arranged. With barriers to
The barrier is formed with a communication portion for communicating the first raw material introduction chamber and the second raw material introduction chamber,
The fuel cell, wherein the communication portion is arranged behind the opening of the first raw material introduction tube with reference to the direction in which the mixed gas flows to the outlet tube side along the mixing channel. Raw material supply equipment.   2. The fuel cell material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the communication portion is configured by arranging a plurality of communication holes in a plate-like member. 3. The fuel cell material supply according to claim 1, wherein the communication portion is disposed in a portion of the barrier located between the first material introduction pipe and the second material introduction chamber. 4. apparatus.   The first raw material introduction pipe extends along the mixing flow path in the same direction as the mixed gas flows toward the outlet pipe, and the second raw material introduction pipe extends along the mixing flow path to the outlet pipe. The fuel cell material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel cell material supply device extends in a direction orthogonal to a direction in which the mixed gas flows.   The opening of the second raw material introduction pipe opens in a direction opposite to the direction in which the mixed gas flows along the mixing flow path toward the outlet pipe. The fuel cell material supply device according to any one of the above.   6. The fuel cell material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second material introduction pipe is in contact with the heating unit so as to be capable of conducting heat. 7. The second raw material introduction pipe includes a first pipe portion that extends from an inner wall of the casing to the second raw material introduction chamber, and a second pipe portion that is located on a distal end side of the first pipe portion and has the opening. Prepared,
7. The fuel cell material supply apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first pipe part is separated from the heating part, and the second pipe part is in contact with the heating part so as to be able to conduct heat. The heating unit is
An exhaust gas flow path structure that is disposed in contact with the casing so as to be capable of conducting heat and that is heated by a power generation reaction in the fuel cell and through which exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell flows,
The liquid second raw material is heated and vaporized by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas flow channel structure. 2. A fuel cell material supply apparatus according to item 1. The second raw material introduction pipe includes a first pipe portion that extends from an inner wall of the casing to the second raw material introduction chamber, and a second pipe portion that is located on a distal end side of the first pipe portion and has the opening. Prepared,
The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel structure and the second raw material in the second pipe part flow in the same direction, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel structure and the second raw material in the second pipe part 9. The fuel cell material supply device according to claim 8, wherein heat exchange is performed between the two. A fuel cell material supply device according to claim 8 or 9 ,
A fuel cell stack that constitutes the fuel cell, includes a power generation cell having an electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer and an air electrode layer disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer, and generates power by a power generation reaction in the power generation cell When,
A fuel cell system, comprising: a heat exchange medium; and an exhaust gas heat exchange device that exchanges heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell after a power generation reaction in the fuel cell.

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