JP5809311B2 - Hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydraulic shock absorber.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a conventional hydraulic shock absorber described in Patent Literature 1 or the like has an oil chamber of a cylinder 1 attached to one of the vehicle body side and the axle side, and a piston rod 2 attached to the other of the vehicle body side and the axle side. The piston 3 provided at the tip of the piston rod 2 divides the oil chamber of the cylinder 1 into a piston-side oil chamber 4A and a rod-side oil chamber 4B, and the piston 3 is provided with a damping force generator 5. . Further, an oil reservoir chamber 6 that compensates for the volume of the piston rod 2 that moves forward and backward in the oil chambers 4A and 4B of the cylinder 1 (including the volume corresponding to the temperature expansion of the oil) communicates with the piston-side oil chamber 4A of the cylinder 1, A valve housing 7 provided with a damping force generator 8 is interposed between the piston-side oil chamber 4 </ b> A and the oil reservoir chamber 6. The oil reservoir 6 is pressurized by the air chamber 6A (a bladder, a free piston, etc. may be interposed between the oil reservoir 6 and the air chamber 6A).

  At this time, the damping force generator 5 includes a compression side damping valve 5A that opens and closes the compression side channel 3A provided in the piston 3, and an extension side damping valve 5B that opens and closes the extension side channel 3B provided in the piston 3. . The damping force generator 8 includes a pressure side damping valve 8A that opens and closes a pressure side channel 7A provided in the valve housing 7, and an extension side damping valve 8B that opens and closes an extension side channel 7B provided in the valve housing 7.

  In the pressure side stroke, the oil in the piston side oil chamber 4A is boosted and flows out from the pressure side damping valve 8A of the pressure side channel 7A to the oil reservoir chamber 6 and from the pressure side damping valve 5A of the pressure side channel 3A to the rod side oil chamber 4B. The pressure side damping force is generated based on the flow path resistance of the pressure side damping valve 8A and the pressure side damping valve 5A. At this time, the oil corresponding to the entry volume of the piston rod 2 is discharged to the oil reservoir 6 through the compression side damping valve 8A. In the extension stroke, the oil in the rod-side oil chamber 4B is pressurized and flows out from the extension-side damping valve 5B of the extension-side passage 3B to the piston-side oil chamber 4A, and the extension side based on the passage resistance of the extension-side damping valve 5B. A damping force is generated, and oil corresponding to the withdrawal volume of the piston rod 2 is supplied from the oil reservoir chamber 6 to the piston-side oil chamber 4A through the extension-side damping valve 8B of the extension-side channel 7B.

JP2007-177877

An object of the present invention is to assemble a damping force generator that is assembled into a single valve unit so as to be incorporated in a single valve housing hole provided in a vehicle body side mounting member provided in a damper cylinder in a hydraulic shock absorber. In addition, the compression side damping force and the extension side damping force are respectively applied by the operation applied to each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster provided in the damping force generator assembled in the single valve unit. It is to be able to adjust independently of each other .

The invention of claim 1 includes a compression side damping valve and an extension side damping valve, a compression side damping force adjuster and an extension side damping force adjuster, and a compression side damping force adjustment valve and an extension side damping force adjustment valve operated by these adjusters. with and becomes the damping force generating device, while being small set into a single valve unit is incorporated in a single valve housing hole which is provided on the vehicle body side attaching member provided in the damper cylinder, said valve unit, the compression side damping force Each of the adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster is provided in a single valve holder, and is arranged in parallel with being spaced apart from each other in a plan view of the valve holder. in is to be inserted from one direction of the outer to the single valve housing hole, the valve unit is inserted from the one direction outward to the single valve accommodating hole, before A hydraulic shock absorber cap that engages the fitted with axially from the outside is fixed to an opening thread portion facing the outside of the valve housing hole to the valve holder, the valve unit is in the compression stroke Oil that flows out from the piston side oil chamber and flows out of the rod side oil chamber during the extension side stroke, and a pressure side bypass passage whose opening area is adjusted by a pressure side damping force adjustment valve operated by a pressure side damping force adjuster The expansion side bypass flow path whose opening area is adjusted by the expansion side damping force adjusting valve operated by the expansion side damping force adjuster is separately formed .

According to the present invention, in the valve unit in which the damping force generator is assembled into a unit, each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster is provided in a single valve holder, and the plane of the valve holder is By being juxtaposed apart from each other as viewed, the single valve holder can be inserted into the single valve housing hole from the outside in a small state including the single valve holder. Thereby, the valve unit is inserted into the single valve housing hole from the outside, and a cap that is fitted to the valve holder from the outside and engages in the axial direction is formed in the opening screw portion of the valve housing hole. It becomes what is fixed, and the assembly property of a damping force generator can be improved.
The valve unit also includes a pressure-side bypass flow path through which oil flowing out from the piston-side oil chamber in the pressure-side stroke is adjusted, and an opening area thereof is adjusted by a pressure-side damping force adjusting valve operated by a pressure-side damping force adjuster. Thus, an extension side bypass flow passage through which oil flowing out from the rod side oil chamber is passed and the opening area thereof is adjusted by the extension side damping force adjusting valve operated by the extension side damping force adjuster was formed separately. As a result, the compression side damping force and the extension side damping force are made independent of each other by the operation applied to each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster provided in the damping force generator assembled in a single valve unit. Can be adjusted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a basic structure of a hydraulic shock absorber according to a reference example. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber of a reference example. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the piston of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the damping force generator of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side view showing the damping force generator of FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of the damping force generator of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the damping force generator of FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

(Reference examples) (FIGS. 1 to 4)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 slidably inserts a hollow piston rod 12 attached to the axle side into an oil chamber 27 of a damper cylinder 11 attached to the vehicle body side. A suspension spring 13 is interposed on the outer side of the rod 12.

  The cylinder 11 includes a vehicle body side mounting member 14, and the piston rod 12 includes an axle side mounting member 15. A hydraulic load adjusting hydraulic jack 16 is installed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 11, and the hydraulic jack 16 includes a spring receiver 17, and an outer side of the axle-side mounting member 15 includes a spring receiver 18. A suspension spring 13 is interposed between the spring receiver 17 and the spring receiver 18, and the set length (spring load) of the suspension spring 13 is adjusted by the lifting operation of the hydraulic jack 16. The spring force of the suspension spring 13 absorbs the impact force that the vehicle receives from the road surface.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder 11 includes a rod guide 21 through which the piston rod 12 penetrates at an opening thereof. The rod guide 21 is inserted into the cylinder 11 in a liquid-tight manner, and the piston rod 12 is slidable in a liquid-tight manner in an inner diameter portion including an oil seal 22, a bush 23, and a dust seal 24.

  In the hydraulic shock absorber 10, the cylinder 11 is a double pipe composed of an outer cylinder 11A and an inner cylinder 11B, the outer periphery of the upper end of the outer cylinder 11A is screwed to the vehicle body side mounting member 14, and a rod guide is attached to the inner periphery of the lower end of the outer cylinder 11A. The large outer diameter portion 21 is screwed, and the inner periphery of the lower end of the inner cylinder 11 </ b> B is fitted to the small outer diameter portion of the rod guide 21. And the piston 25 inserted in the front-end | tip part of the piston rod 12 is fixed with the nut 26, and the oil chamber 27 of the cylinder 11 is made into the piston side oil chamber by the piston 25 slidably inserted in the inner periphery of the inner cylinder 11B. It divides into 27A and the rod side oil chamber 27B. 28 is a rebound spring and 29 is a bump rubber.

  In the hydraulic shock absorber 10, the sub tank 30 is fixed to the vehicle body side mounting member 14, and the air chamber 31 and the oil reservoir chamber 32 provided in the sub tank 30 sealed by the cap 30 </ b> A are separated by a bladder 33. An oil reservoir 32 that is pressurized by the pressure of the air chamber 31 that is increased in pressure via an air valve 34 provided in the cap 30A is provided so as to communicate with the oil chamber 27 of the cylinder 11. The volume of the piston rod 12 that moves back and forth in the oil chamber 27 (including the volume of the temperature expansion of the oil) is compensated.

  The hydraulic shock absorber 10 includes a damping force generator 40 between the piston side oil chamber 27A and the rod side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11.

  The damping force generator 40 is built in the cylinder 11 and close to the vehicle body side mounting member 14, and the stepped outer peripheral portion of the upper valve holder 41A arranged coaxially with the cylinder 11 is used as the upper ends of the outer cylinder 11A and the inner cylinder 11B. The outer edge portion of the upper valve holder 41A is sandwiched between the upper end surface of the inner cylinder 11B and the inner surface of the vehicle body side mounting member 14 and is fixed. The damping force generation device 40 includes a pressure side seat 42A, an intermediate valve holder 41B, an extension side seat 42B, and a lower valve holder 41C, which are sequentially loaded from the side of the upper valve holder 41A on the inner periphery of the inner cylinder 11B. Is held on the central axis of the upper valve holder 41A by a bolt-shaped valve piece 43 that engages with the central hole of the upper valve holder 41A and engages with the central thread portion of the upper valve holder 41A.

  The damping force generator 40 fixes the valve piece 43 on the central axis of the cylinder 11 on one end side in the piston-side oil chamber 27A of the cylinder 11 as described above. The damping force generating device 40 is provided with a center plate 44 with an annular interval on the outer periphery of the valve piece 43 at the center along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the valve piece 43, and the periphery of the center plate 44 (enclosed by the intermediate valve holder 41B). The pressure side flow path 45 and the expansion side flow path 46 are provided (in this reference example, the pressure side flow path 45 and the expansion side flow path 46 are the same and constitute a common flow path). The center plate 44 includes slots 44A and 44B penetrating in the radial direction at each of a plurality of circumferential positions on one end surface side and a plurality of circumferential positions on the other end surface side.

  The damping force generator 40 includes a check valve spring 46C, an extension side check valve 46B, a pressure side damping valve 45A, and a washer in order from the side far from the center plate 44 on one side in the axial direction across the center plate 44 on the outer periphery of the valve piece 43. 45D, an urging member (disc spring) 45E is provided, and on the other side, a check valve spring 45C, a pressure side check valve 45B, an extension side damping valve 46A, a washer 46D, and an urging member (disc spring) are arranged in order from the side far from the center plate 44. 46E is provided. The check valve spring 46C, the extension side check valve 46B, the pressure side damping valve 45A, the washer 45D, and the biasing member 46E, the check valve spring 45C, the pressure side check valve 45B, the extension side damping valve 46A, the washer 46D, and the biasing force The set of members 46E are arranged in line symmetry with the center plate 44 in between. The pressure side check valve 45B has an annular shape, and is pressed against the pressure side seat 42A by the check valve spring 45C backed up by the upper valve holder 41A. The outer periphery of the pressure side check valve 45B is seated on the pressure side seat 42A. The outer edge of the damping valve 46A is seated. The extension side check valve 46B has an annular shape and is pressed against the extension side seat 42B by the check valve spring 46C backed up by the lower valve holder 41C, and the outer periphery thereof is seated on the extension side seat 42B, and the inner periphery thereof. The outer edge portion of the compression side damping valve 45A is seated on.

  The damping force generating device 40 includes a pressure expansion common channel 47, 48 formed in the upper valve holder 41A and the lower valve holder 41C, a pressure side channel 45, an extension side channel 46 around the center plate 44, and the cylinder 11. The piston-side oil chamber 27A and the rod-side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11 communicate with each other via the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 provided in the annular gap between the outer cylinder 11A and the inner cylinder 11B (the piston 25 is connected to the piston-side oil chamber). 27A and the rod side oil chamber 27B are not provided with a flow path).

  The damping force generating device 40 includes grooves 44A and 44B formed in the center plate 44 in the pressure side channel 45 and the extension side channel 46 around the center plate 44, the radial direction of the valve piece 43, and an axis on the center axis. It communicates with the oil reservoir chamber 32 of the sub tank 30 through a communication passage 43A formed in the direction, a communication passage 14A formed in the vehicle body side mounting member 14, and the like.

  Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber 10, the pressure side flow path 45 that causes the oil in the piston side oil chamber 27A of the cylinder 11 to flow from the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 toward the rod side oil chamber 27B is attenuated in the pressure side stroke. A pressure-side damping valve 45A is provided on the upstream side of the pressure-side flow path 45, and a pressure-side check valve 45B is provided on the downstream side. The pressure-side flow path 45 is intermediate between the pressure-side damping valve 45A and the pressure-side check valve 45B. The portion communicates with the oil reservoir 32 through the communication passage 43A and the like.

  In addition, the damping force generator 40 is provided with an extension side flow path 46 for flowing the oil in the rod side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11 from the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 toward the piston side oil chamber 27A in the extension side stroke. An extension side damping valve 46A is provided on the upstream side of the extension side channel 46, and an extension side check valve 46B is provided on the downstream side, and an intermediate portion between the extension side attenuation valve 46A and the extension side check valve 46E in the extension side channel 46 is provided. Is communicated with the oil reservoir 32 via the communication passage 43A and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the damping force generator 40 includes a compression side damping valve 45A and an extension side damping valve 46A in a hollow portion of the valve piece 43 provided on the central axis including the communication path 43A. A bypass flow path 52 that bypasses the piston side oil chamber 27A of the cylinder 11 and communicates with the rod side oil chamber 27B and the oil reservoir chamber 32 may be provided. The compression side damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the bypass passage 52 by the compression side damping force adjustment valve 51 operated from the outside by an adjuster 50 provided on the vehicle body side mounting member 14.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 has a damping force adjusting flow path 62 for communicating the rod-side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11 with the piston-side oil chamber 27A in the hollow portion of the piston rod 12, as shown in FIG. It may be provided. The extension side damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the flow path 62 by the extension side damping force adjusting valve 61 operated from the outside by an adjuster 60 provided on the axle side attachment member 15. A perforated pipe 63 is screwed into the hollow portion of the piston rod 12 from the piston side oil chamber 27 </ b> A side, and a check valve 65 pressurized by a spring 64 supported by the perforated pipe 63 is provided at the opening of the flow path 62. The piston side oil chamber 27 </ b> A is provided so as to be seated from the side, and the oil in the piston side oil chamber 27 </ b> A whose pressure is increased in the pressure side stroke is prevented from flowing into the flow path 62.

Therefore, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 performs a damping action as follows.
(Pressure side stroke) (Flow of solid line arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2)
The oil in the piston-side oil chamber 27A is pressurized, and the pressure-side damping valve 45A in the pressure-side channel 45 of the damping force generator 40 is pushed open to generate a pressure-side damping force. The oil flowing out from the pressure side damping valve 45A is divided into two in the pressure side flow path 45, and one oil flows out from the pressure side check valve 45B through the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 to the rod side oil chamber 27B. Is discharged to the oil reservoir 32 through the groove holes 44A and 44B of the center plate 44, the communication passage 43A of the valve piece 43, the communication passage 14A of the vehicle body side mounting member 14, and the like. The other oil discharged to the oil reservoir chamber 32 compensates the oil corresponding to the entry volume of the piston rod 12.

(Extension side stroke) (flow of dashed line arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2)
The oil in the rod side oil chamber 27B is pressurized and passes through the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 to push open the expansion side damping valve 46A of the expansion side flow path 46 of the damping force generator 40 to generate the expansion side damping force. The oil flowing out from the extension-side damping valve 46A merges with the oil supplied through the communication passage 14A of the vehicle body side mounting member 14, the communication passage 43A of the valve piece 43, the grooves 44A and 44B of the center plate 44, and the like. The oil flows out into the piston side oil chamber 27A through the extension side check valve 46B. The oil replenished from the oil reservoir 32 compensates for the retraction volume of the piston rod 12.

Therefore, according to this reference example, the following operational effects can be obtained.
(a) In the hydraulic shock absorber 10, a damping force generator 40 is provided between the piston-side oil chamber 27A and the rod-side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11, and the oil in the piston-side oil chamber 27A of the cylinder 11 is supplied in the pressure-side stroke. A pressure side flow path 45 that flows from the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 toward the rod side oil chamber 27B is provided in the damping force generating device 40. A pressure side damping valve 45A is provided upstream of the pressure side flow path 45, and a pressure side is provided downstream. A check valve 45B is provided, and an intermediate portion of the pressure side damping valve 45A and the pressure side check valve 45B in the pressure side flow path 45 is communicated with the oil reservoir chamber 32, and the oil in the rod side oil chamber 27B of the cylinder 11 is supplied to the cylinder in the extension stroke. 11 is provided in the damping force generating device 40, and the expansion side damping valve 46A is provided upstream of the expansion side channel 46. The extension side check valve 46B provided on the downstream side and communicated with an intermediate portion of the extension side damping valve 46A and the extension side check valve 46B in the extension side flow path 46 to the oil reservoir chamber 32.

  In the pressure side stroke, the oil whose pressure is increased in the piston side oil chamber 27 </ b> A generates a pressure side damping force through the pressure side damping valve 45 </ b> A upstream of the pressure side flow path 45 of the damping force generator 40. One of the oils flowing out from the pressure side damping valve 45A flows from the pressure side check valve 45B through the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 into the rod side oil chamber 27B. In addition, an oil flow corresponding to the volume of entry of the piston rod 12, which is the other oil flow out of the oil flowing out from the compression side damping valve 45 </ b> A, flows into the oil reservoir chamber 32. At this time, the pressure in the rod side oil chamber 27B is the air chamber 31 that pressurizes the oil reservoir chamber 32 (because the flow path resistance of the pressure side check valve 45B downstream of the pressure side damping valve 45A to the outer flow path 11C of the cylinder 11 is small). It is almost dependent only on the pressure of the pressure and does not vary depending on the setting of the flow path resistance of the compression side damping valve 45A. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the reduction of the damping force when the extension side is reversed.

  In the extension stroke, the pressure-up oil in the rod-side oil chamber 27B passes through the extension-side damping valve 46A on the upstream side of the extension-side channel 46 of the damping force generator 40 from the outer channel 11C of the cylinder 11, and the extension-side damping force. Is generated. The oil flowing out from the expansion side damping valve 46A merges with the oil corresponding to the retraction volume of the piston rod 12 supplied from the oil reservoir chamber 32, and then flows into the piston side oil chamber 27A through the expansion side check valve 46B. .

  In addition, by setting the pressure of the air chamber 31 that pressurizes the oil reservoir chamber 32 to a high pressure, the pressure response of the rod side oil chamber 27B can be increased to a positive pressure in the pressure side stroke, and the damping response at the time of reversing the extension side can be improved.

  (b) The damping force generator 40 of (a) described above has a valve piece 43 fixed to the cylinder 11, a center plate 44 is provided at the center along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the valve piece 43, and the valve piece 43 The compression side damping valve 45A and the extension side check valve 46B are provided on one side in the axial direction across the center plate 44 on the outer periphery of the cylinder, and the extension side damping valve 46A and the compression side check valve 45B are provided on the other side. The set of the side check valve 46B and the set of the extension side damping valve 46A and the compression side check valve 45B are arranged in line symmetry with the center plate 44 in between. Thereby, in the pressure side stroke, the oil flow path of the above-mentioned (a) flowing out from the piston side oil chamber 27A through the damping force generator 40 and the rod side oil chamber 27B and the oil reservoir chamber 32, and the extension side stroke, The above-mentioned oil flow path (a) flowing out from the rod side oil chamber 27B and the oil reservoir chamber 32 through the damping force generator 40 to the piston side oil chamber 27A has a short flow path length and a small flow path resistance. The flow of those oils can be made smooth.

  (c) The damping force generator 40 of (b) described above fixes the valve piece 43 on one end side in the piston-side oil chamber 27A of the cylinder 11 on the center axis of the cylinder 11 and presses the pressure piece around the center plate 44. A flow path 45 and an expansion-side flow path 46 are provided, and the pressure-side flow path 45 and the expansion-side flow path 46 are provided through grooves 44A and 44B formed in the center plate 44 and a communication path 43A formed in the valve piece 43. And communicates with the oil reservoir 32. Thereby, the path | route which connects the intermediate part of the compression side flow path 45 and the expansion side flow path 46 of the damping force generation apparatus 40 to the oil reservoir chamber 32 can be made compact, and the flow of the oil in this path | route can be made smooth.

  (d) The damping force generator 40 of (b) or (c) described above bypasses the compression side damping valve 45A and the extension side damping valve 46A in the hollow portion provided on the central axis of the valve piece 43. A bypass flow path 52 that connects the piston-side oil chamber 27A to the rod-side oil chamber 27B and the oil reservoir chamber 32 is provided, and a damping force adjustment valve 51 that is operated from the outside is provided in the bypass flow path 52. Thereby, the magnitude | size of the compression side damping force can be adjusted using the damping force generator 40. FIG.

(Example of the present invention) (FIGS. 5 to 8)
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the hydraulic shock absorber 100 slidably inserts a piston rod 112 attached to the axle side into an oil chamber 127 of a damper cylinder 111 attached to the vehicle body side. A suspension spring 113 is interposed on the outer side of 112.

  The cylinder 111 includes a vehicle body side mounting member 114, and the piston rod 112 includes an axle side mounting member 115. A spring load adjusting nut 116 is installed on the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder 111 and includes a spring receiver 117 supported by the spring load adjusting nut 116, and a spring receiver 118 on the outer side of the axle side mounting member 115. A suspension spring 113 is interposed between the spring receiver 117 and the spring receiver 118, and the set length (spring load) of the suspension spring 113 is adjusted by raising and lowering the nut 116. The spring force of the suspension spring 113 absorbs the impact force that the vehicle receives from the road surface.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder 111 includes a rod guide 121 through which the piston rod 112 penetrates in its opening. The rod guide 121 is inserted into the cylinder 111 in a liquid-tight manner, and the piston rod 112 is slidable in a liquid-tight manner in an inner diameter portion including an oil seal 122, a bush 123, and a dust seal 124.

  In the hydraulic shock absorber 100, the cylinder 111 is a double pipe composed of an outer cylinder 111A and an inner cylinder 111B, the outer cylinder 111A is formed integrally with the vehicle body side mounting member 114, and the rod guide 121 is formed on the inner periphery of the lower end of the outer cylinder 111A. The large outer diameter portion is fixed, the inner periphery of the lower end of the inner cylinder 111B is fitted to the smaller outer diameter portion of the rod guide 121, and the upper end portion of the inner cylinder 111B is abutted against the inner surface of the upper end of the outer cylinder 111A. And the piston 125 inserted in the front-end | tip part of the piston rod 112 is fixed with the nut 126, and the oil chamber 127 of the cylinder 111 is made into the piston side oil chamber by the piston 125 slidably inserted in the inner periphery of the inner cylinder 111B. It is partitioned into 127A and a rod side oil chamber 127B. Reference numeral 128 denotes a rebound spring, and reference numeral 129 denotes a bump rubber.

  In the hydraulic shock absorber 100, the sub tank 130 is formed integrally with the vehicle body side mounting member 114, and the air chamber 131 and the oil reservoir chamber 132 provided in the sub tank 130 sealed by the cap 130A are separated by the bladder 133. An oil reservoir chamber 132 that is pressurized by the pressure of the air chamber 131 that is increased in pressure via an air valve (not shown) provided in the cap 130A is provided so as to communicate with the oil chamber 127 of the cylinder 111. The volume of the piston rod 112 that moves back and forth in the oil chamber 127 of the cylinder 111 (including the volume corresponding to the temperature expansion of the oil) is compensated.

  The hydraulic shock absorber 100 includes a damping force generator 140 between the piston-side oil chamber 127A and the rod-side oil chamber 127B of the cylinder 111.

  The damping force generator 140 is inserted into the valve housing hole 114A provided between the damper cylinder 111 and the sub tank 130 in the vehicle body side mounting member 114 from the outside in a state of being assembled in the valve unit 140A shown in FIG. Is done.

  The valve unit 140A of the damping force generator 140 includes a valve piece 141, an inner valve holder 142 fitted to the small diameter portion 141A on the inner end side of the valve piece 141, and a large diameter portion 141B on the outer end side of the valve piece 141. The outer valve holder 143 is fitted from the outside and engaged in the axial direction, and the cap 144 is fitted to the outer valve holder 143 from the outside in a fluid-tight manner and engaged in the axial direction.

  The valve unit 140A of the damping force generator 140 is further provided with a center plate 145 in the center along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the small diameter portion 141A of the valve piece 141, and sandwiches the center plate 145 on the outer periphery of the small diameter portion 141A of the valve piece 141. In the axial direction, the compression side check valve 152, the expansion side piston 160, and the expansion side damping valve 161 are loaded in order from the side of the step surface with the large-diameter portion 141B, and the expansion side check is sequentially performed from the end surface side of the inner valve holder 142. The valve 162, the pressure side piston 150, and the pressure side damping valve 151 are loaded. The set of the compression side check valve 152, the extension side piston 160 and the extension side damping valve 161 and the set of the extension side check valve 162, the compression side piston 150 and the compression side damping valve 151 are arranged in line symmetry with the center plate 145 interposed therebetween. The valve piece 141 is clamped and fixed together with the center plate 145 between the step surface of the small diameter portion 141A and the large diameter portion 141B and the end surface of the inner valve holder 142.

  The valve unit 140A of the damping force generator 140 is inserted from the outside into the valve housing hole 114A, the front end surface of the inner valve holder 142 is abutted against the bottom surface in the axial direction of the valve housing hole 114A, and the cap 144 is placed in the valve housing hole 114A. It is fixed by screwing in a liquid-tight manner to the opening screw portion of the. At this time, the damping force generator 140 fluid-tightly fixes the outer circumferences of the pressure side piston 150 and the extension side piston 160 to the inner circumference of the valve accommodation hole 114A, and the pressure side piston 150 in the valve accommodation hole 114A on the side opposite to the extension side piston. The space is defined as a pressure expansion common flow path 146A communicating with the piston side oil chamber 127A, and the space on the counter pressure side piston side of the expansion side piston 160 in the valve housing hole 114A is disposed on the rod side oil via the outer flow path 111C described later of the cylinder 111. A communication channel 114B provided in the vehicle body side mounting member 114 has an annular space between the pressure side piston 150 and the extension side piston 160 around the center plate 145 in the valve accommodating hole 114A. And a common pressure expansion flow path 146 </ b> C communicating with the oil reservoir chamber 132. Further, the damping force generator 140 is provided with a pressure side channel 150A that is opened and closed by a pressure side damping valve 151 and an extension side channel 150B that is opened and closed by an extension side check valve 162 in the compression side piston 150, and the extension side piston 160 has a pressure side. A pressure side channel 160B opened and closed by the check valve 152 and an extension side channel 160A opened and closed by the extension side damping valve 161 are provided. The damping force generator 140 is connected to the pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C provided in the vehicle body side mounting member 114, the pressure side flow path 150A, the expansion side flow path 150B provided in the pressure side piston 150, and the expansion side piston 160. The piston side oil chamber 127A and the rod side oil of the cylinder 111 are provided via the pressure side flow path 160B, the extension side flow path 160A, and the outer flow path 111C provided in the annular gap between the outer cylinder 111A and the inner cylinder 111B of the cylinder 111. The chamber 127B communicates (the piston 125 does not include a flow path that communicates the piston-side oil chamber 127A and the rod-side oil chamber 127B).

  Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber 100, in the pressure side stroke, the pressure side flow path (extensive pressure) that causes the oil in the piston side oil chamber 127A of the cylinder 111 to flow from the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 toward the rod side oil chamber 127B. Common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, pressure side flow paths 150A, 160B) are provided in the damping force generator 140, and the pressure side flow paths (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, pressure side flow paths 150A, 160B) A pressure-side damping valve 151 is provided on the upstream side, and a pressure-side check valve 152 is provided on the downstream side, and the pressure-side damping valve 151 and the pressure-side check in this pressure-side flow path (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, pressure-side flow paths 150A, 160B) are provided. The intermediate portion of the valve 152 is communicated with the oil reservoir chamber 132 via the pressure-extended common channel 146C and the communication passage 114B.

  Further, in the extension side stroke, the extension side passage (flow expansion common passages 146A, 146B, 146B, 146B, 146B, 146C, the extension side flow paths 150B, 160A) are provided in the damping force generator 140, and extend upstream of the extension side flow paths (the pressure increase common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, the extension side flow paths 150B, 160A). The expansion side check valve 162 is provided on the downstream side, and the expansion side check valve 162 is provided on the downstream side. The expansion side attenuation valve 161 and the expansion side of the expansion side flow path (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, expansion side flow paths 150B, 160A) are provided. The intermediate portion of the side check valve 162 is communicated with the oil reservoir chamber 132 via the pressure-extended common channel 146C and the communication passage 114B.

  If desired, the damping force generator 140 includes a compression side damping valve 151 and an extension side damping valve 161 in a hollow part provided on the central axis of the small diameter part 141A to the large diameter part 141B of the valve piece 141 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a pressure-side bypass flow path 172 and an extension-side bypass flow path 182 that connect the piston-side oil chamber 127A and the rod-side oil chamber 127B of the cylinder 111 to the oil reservoir chamber 132 may be provided. The pressure-side damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the pressure-side bypass passage 172 by the pressure-side damping force adjusting valve 171 operated from the outside by the pressure-side adjuster 170 provided in the outer valve holder 143. The pressure side bypass flow channel 172 opens to the pressure expansion shared flow channel 146A, and opens to the pressure expansion shared flow channel 146C through a hole 172A provided in the valve piece 141 and a hole 172B provided in the center plate 145. The extension side damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the extension side bypass passage 182 by the extension side damping force adjusting valve 181 operated from the outside by the extension side adjuster 180 provided in the outer valve holder 143. The expansion side bypass flow path 182 opens to the pressure expansion shared flow path 146B, and opens to the pressure expansion shared flow path 146C through a hole 172A provided in the valve piece 141 and a hole 172B provided in the center plate 145.

  The pressure side adjuster 170 is pivotally attached to the outer valve holder 143 so as to be rotatable from the outside, and a slider 170A is screwed into the threaded portion of the pressure side adjuster 170. The slider moves by the rotation of the pressure side adjuster 170. 170A pushes the rod-like base end portion of the compression side damping force adjustment valve 171 to move the distal needle valve of the compression side damping force adjustment valve 171 forward and backward with respect to the opening of the compression side bypass passage 172. The expansion side adjuster 180 is pivotally attached to the outer valve holder 143 so as to be rotatable from the outside, and the expansion side damping force adjustment valve 181 is loosely inserted around the rod of the compression side damping force adjustment valve 171 and its flange is provided. A threaded portion of the expansion side adjuster 180 is screwed into the extension portion, and the tip needle valve of the expansion side damping force adjustment valve 181 that moves by the rotation of the expansion side adjuster 180 moves forward and backward with respect to the opening of the expansion side bypass passage 182. Let An intermediate shaft portion of the extension side adjuster 180 is inserted into the slider 170A of the compression side adjuster 170 to prevent the slider 170A from rotating. The distal end shaft portion of the compression side adjuster 170 is inserted into the flange portion of the extension side damping force adjustment valve 181 to prevent the extension side damping force adjustment valve 181 from rotating.

Accordingly, the hydraulic shock absorber 100 performs a damping action as follows.
(Pressure side stroke) (Flow of solid line arrow in FIG. 8)
The oil in the piston side oil chamber 127A is increased in pressure, and the pressure side damping valve 151 of the pressure side flow path 150A of the pressure side piston 150 of the damping force generator 140 is pushed open to generate a pressure side damping force. The oil flowing out from the compression side damping valve 151 to the pressure expansion common flow path 146C is divided into two in the pressure expansion common flow path 146C, and one oil is supplied from the pressure side check valve 152 of the pressure side flow path 160B of the expansion side piston 160 to the cylinder 111. The oil flows out to the rod side oil chamber 127 </ b> B through the outer flow path 111 </ b> C, and the other oil is discharged to the oil reservoir chamber 132. The other oil discharged to the oil reservoir chamber 132 compensates for the amount of oil entering the piston rod 112.

(Extension side stroke) (flow of dashed line arrow in FIG. 8)
The oil in the rod side oil chamber 127B is pressurized and passes through the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 to push open the expansion side damping valve 161 of the expansion side flow path 160A of the expansion side piston 160 of the damping force generating device 140 to expand the expansion side. Generate power. The oil flowing out from the expansion side damping valve 161 to the pressure expansion common flow path 146C merges with the oil supplied from the oil reservoir chamber 132, and then passes through the expansion side check valve 162 of the expansion side flow path 150B of the compression side piston 150. And flows out into the piston-side oil chamber 127A. The oil replenished from the oil reservoir 132 compensates for the retraction volume of the piston rod 112.

Therefore, according to the example of the present invention, the following operational effects are obtained.
(a) In the hydraulic shock absorber 100, a damping force generator 140 is provided between the piston-side oil chamber 127A and the rod-side oil chamber 127B of the cylinder 111, and the oil in the piston-side oil chamber 127A of the cylinder 111 is supplied in the pressure side stroke. A pressure side flow path (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, pressure side flow paths 150A, 160B) that flows from the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 toward the rod side oil chamber 127B is provided in the damping force generator 140. A pressure side damping valve 151 is provided on the upstream side of the pressure side flow path (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, pressure side flow paths 150A, 160B), and a pressure side check valve 152 is provided on the downstream side. Intermediate portions of the pressure-side damping valve 151 and the pressure-side check valve 152 in the flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, and the pressure-side flow paths 150A, 160B) An expansion side flow path (compressed pressure shared flow) that communicates with the oil reservoir chamber 132 and flows the oil in the rod side oil chamber 127B of the cylinder 111 from the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 toward the piston side oil chamber 127A in the expansion stroke. Are provided in the damping force generation device 140, and this expansion side flow path (pressure expansion common flow path 146A, 146B, 146C, expansion side flow path 150B, 160A) is provided. An extension side damping valve 161 is provided on the upstream side, and an extension side check valve 162 is provided on the downstream side, and the extension side in this extension side flow path (pressure extension shared flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, extension side flow paths 150B, 160A) An intermediate portion between the damping valve 161 and the extension side check valve 162 is communicated with the oil reservoir chamber 132.

  In the pressure side stroke, the pressure-rised oil in the piston-side oil chamber 127A is the pressure-side damping valve 151 on the upstream side of the pressure-side flow path (the pressure increase common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, the pressure-side flow paths 150A, 160B) of the damping force generator 140. The compression side damping force is generated through One of the oils flowing out from the pressure side damping valve 151 flows from the pressure side check valve 152 through the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 into the rod side oil chamber 127B. In addition, the oil flow corresponding to the volume of the piston rod 112 that is the other oil flow out of the oil flowing out from the compression side damping valve 151 flows into the oil reservoir chamber 132. At this time, the pressure in the rod-side oil chamber 127B is the air chamber 131 that pressurizes the oil reservoir chamber 132 (because the flow resistance of the pressure-side check valve 152 on the downstream side of the pressure-side damping valve 151 to the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 is small). It is almost dependent only on the pressure of the pressure and does not vary depending on the setting of the flow path resistance of the compression side damping valve 151. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the reduction of the damping force when the extension side is reversed.

  In the expansion side stroke, the pressure-rised oil in the rod side oil chamber 127B is expanded from the outer flow path 111C of the cylinder 111 to the expansion side flow path (pressure expansion common flow paths 146A, 146B, 146C, and the expansion side flow path 150B. , 160A), an extension side damping force is generated through the extension side damping valve 161 on the upstream side. The oil flowing out from the expansion side damping valve 161 joins the oil corresponding to the retraction volume of the piston rod 112 replenished from the oil reservoir chamber 132, and then flows into the piston side oil chamber 127A through the expansion side check valve 162. .

  In addition, by setting the pressure of the air chamber 131 that pressurizes the oil reservoir chamber 132 to a high pressure, in the pressure side stroke, the pressure of the rod side oil chamber 127B can be increased to a positive pressure, and the damping response at the time of reversing the extension side can be improved.

  (b) The damping force generating device 140 of (a) described above has a valve piece 141 fixed to the cylinder 111, a center plate 145 is provided at the center along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the valve piece 141, and the valve piece 141 is provided. The compression side damping valve 151 and the expansion side check valve 162 are provided on one side in the axial direction sandwiching the center plate 145 on the outer periphery of the cylinder, and the expansion side damping valve 161 and the compression side check valve 152 are provided on the other side. The set of the side check valve 162 and the set of the extension side damping valve 161 and the compression side check valve 152 are arranged in line symmetry with the center plate 145 interposed therebetween. Thereby, in the pressure side stroke, the oil flow path of the above (a) flowing out from the piston side oil chamber 127A through the damping force generator 140 and the rod side oil chamber 127B and the oil reservoir chamber 132, and in the extension side stroke, The above-mentioned oil flow path (a) flowing out from the rod-side oil chamber 127B and the oil reservoir chamber 132 to the piston-side oil chamber 127A through the damping force generator 140 has a short flow path length and a small flow path resistance. The flow of those oils can be made smooth.

  (c) The damping force generation device 140 of (b) described above is disposed in a hollow portion provided on the central axis of the valve piece 141, bypassing the compression side damping valve 151 and the extension side damping valve 161, and the piston side oil chamber of the cylinder 111. Bypass passages 172 and 182 communicating 127A with the rod side oil chamber 127B and the oil reservoir chamber 132 are provided, and damping force adjusting valves 171 and 181 operated from the outside are provided in the bypass passages 172 and 182, respectively. Thereby, the magnitude | size of the compression side damping force and the expansion side damping force can be adjusted using the damping force generator 140.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention.

According to the present invention, in the valve unit in which the damping force generator is assembled into a unit, each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster is provided in a single valve holder, and the plane of the valve holder is By being juxtaposed apart from each other as viewed, the single valve holder can be inserted into the single valve housing hole from the outside in a small state including the single valve holder. Thereby, the valve unit is inserted into the single valve housing hole from the outside, and a cap that is fitted to the valve holder from the outside and engages in the axial direction is formed in the opening screw portion of the valve housing hole. It becomes what is fixed, and the assembly property of a damping force generator can be improved.
The valve unit also includes a pressure-side bypass flow path through which oil flowing out from the piston-side oil chamber in the pressure-side stroke is adjusted, and an opening area thereof is adjusted by a pressure-side damping force adjusting valve operated by a pressure-side damping force adjuster. Thus, an extension side bypass flow passage through which oil flowing out from the rod side oil chamber is passed and the opening area thereof is adjusted by the extension side damping force adjusting valve operated by the extension side damping force adjuster was formed separately. As a result, the compression side damping force and the extension side damping force are made independent of each other by the operation applied to each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster provided in the damping force generator assembled in a single valve unit. Can be adjusted.

100 Hydraulic Shock Absorber 111 Damper Cylinder 114 Car Body Side Mounting Member 114A Valve Housing Hole
127A Piston side oil chamber
127B Rod side oil chamber 140 Damping force generator 140A Valve unit 143 Valve holder 144 Cap 151 Pressure side damping valve 161 Extension side damping valve 170 Pressure side adjuster (Pressure side damping force adjuster)
172 Pressure Side Bypass Channel 180 Extension Side Adjuster (Extension Side Damping Force Adjuster)
182 Extension side bypass flow path

Claims (1)

A damping force generator comprising a compression side damping valve and an extension side damping valve, a compression side damping force adjuster and an extension side damping force adjuster, and a compression side damping force adjustment valve and an extension side damping force adjustment valve operated by the adjusters. Is assembled in a single valve housing hole provided in the vehicle body side mounting member provided in the damper cylinder in a state of being assembled into a single valve unit ,
In the valve unit, each of the compression side damping force adjuster and the extension side damping force adjuster is provided in a single valve holder, and is arranged in parallel with being spaced apart from each other in a plan view of the valve holder. In a state of being assembled including a holder, the single valve housing hole can be inserted from one direction outside,
The valve unit is inserted into the single valve housing hole from the above-mentioned one direction, and a cap that is fitted to the valve holder from the outside and engages in the axial direction is located outward of the valve housing hole. A hydraulic shock absorber fixed to the facing opening thread portion ,
The valve unit is
A pressure-side bypass passage through which oil flowing out from the piston-side oil chamber in the pressure-side stroke is passed, and the opening area of which is adjusted by a pressure-side damping force adjustment valve operated by a pressure-side damping force adjuster;
An extension side bypass passage is formed separately through which the oil flowing out from the rod side oil chamber in the extension side stroke is passed and the opening area is adjusted by the extension side damping force adjustment valve operated by the extension side damping force adjuster. Hydraulic shock absorber.

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