JP5852653B2 - 退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤 - Google Patents
退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5852653B2 JP5852653B2 JP2013526989A JP2013526989A JP5852653B2 JP 5852653 B2 JP5852653 B2 JP 5852653B2 JP 2013526989 A JP2013526989 A JP 2013526989A JP 2013526989 A JP2013526989 A JP 2013526989A JP 5852653 B2 JP5852653 B2 JP 5852653B2
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/235—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Psychology (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
実施例1.メチルパラベンの合成
フェノール(phenol)と二酸化炭素(carbon dioxide)とを、100気圧、125℃下で反応させた後、硫酸を添加してパラヒドロキシ安息香酸を合成した。これをまたメタノールと同一のアルコールによってエステル化(esterification)してメチルパラベン(MP)を合成した。
メチルパラベン(MP)の活性酸素除去能を確認するために、フェントン(Fenton)反応[H2O2+FeSO4]を用いて、ヒドロキシラジカルを発生させた。このように発生されたヒドロキシラジカルは、ニトロンスピントラップ(nitrone spin trap(DMPO))によって捕捉され、捕捉されたDMPO−OH付加体は、電子スピン共鳴(electron spin resonance、ESR)分光計によって測定した。ESRスペクトルは、反応試薬[リン酸塩緩衝液(pH7.4)、4.5 M DMPO 10μl、0.6 mM FeSO4 75μl、2.8 M H2O275μl]、メチルパラベン及びビタミンC(VitC)を反応させた後、ESR分光計(JES−FA、JEOL社製)を利用して測定し、その結果を図2に示した。ここで、ESR分光計は、パラメーター[磁場340mT、電力1.00mW、周波数9.19GHz、振幅変調0.2mT、ゲイン(増幅率)200、スキャン時間2分、スキャン幅10mT、時間定数0.03秒、及び温度20℃]を利用して分析した。
培養細胞において、メチルパラベン(MP)が細胞死を誘発する活性酸素、興奮性脳神経伝達物質、アルファシヌクレインに対する細胞保護効果があるか否かを調査するために、細胞保護活性試験を実施した。活性酸素と、興奮性脳神経伝達物質と、アルファシヌクレインとは、パーキンソン病及び退行性脳疾患において神経細胞の広範囲な損傷の原因として指摘されている。
メチルパラベン(MP)のパーキンソン病治療剤としての効果を検証するために水酸化ドーパミン(6−OHDA)を用いてパーキンソン病の動物モデルを作成した。試験動物としては、20〜25gのC57BL/6系マウス(mouse)を用いた。カテコールアミン(catecholamine)神経系のうちドーパミン性神経細胞を選択的に破壊し、ノルアドレナリン(noradrenaline)神経細胞を保護するための前処理としてデシプラミン(desipramine)25mg/kgを手術の1時間前に腹腔内に投与した。麻酔を行った後、マウスを試験動物用脳定位手術器具(stereotaxic instrumental device、David-Kopf frame)に固定させた。頭皮を2cmほど切開し、電気ドリルを利用して右頭蓋骨に小さな穴を開けた。シリンジ(Hamilton製)を利用して0.2%アスコルビン酸に混合した水酸化ドーパミンを10μg/2.5μlの濃度で注入し、右側黒質−線條体の座標は、Paxinos及びWatsonのatlasを参考とし、AP +0.8mm、ML −2.0mm、DV −3.3mmとした。水酸化ドーパミンが逆流しないように、5分間に亘って徐々に注入し、除去した後、頭皮を縫合した。薬物処理群であるメチルパラベン(MP)100又は200μg/kgとデプレニル(deprenyl)10mg/kgとを手術の30分前に腹腔内に投与し、メチルパラベン(MP)とデプレニルとを2週間毎日投与した。正常対照群は、水酸化ドーパミンを溶解した溶媒であるアスコルビン酸を0.2%(w/v)含む生理食塩水を同一の手術部位に注射することの他に麻酔及び手術の全過程をパーキンソン病誘発試験群と同様に行った。
メチルパラベン(MP)がパーキンソン病モデルの運動障害を改善することができるか否かを調査するために、回転円筒検査(rotarod test)を行い、パーキンソン病の手術後14日目となる日に評価した。回転円筒検査とは、マウスを回転する円筒の上で走らせ、落ちずに乗っていられる時間を測定する検査のことをいう。円筒の回転速度は、10rpmであり、5分の適応期間を与えた後、10分に亘って実施した。円筒の上で走った時間は、3回繰り返し測定した平均値として求め、平均値±平均誤差(n=6)の値を示した。
前記方法で手術したマウスに適切に黒質−線条体経路に病変が発生し、半身パーキンソン病(hemi-Parkinsonism)が発病するが、メチルパラベン(MP)のパーキンソン病の治療効果を検証するその他の方法として、マウスを選別するために2週が経過した後、アポモルヒネ(apomorphine)0.5mg/kgを皮下に投与し、回転運動を評価した。回転運動の評価は、回転モータ(rotomotor)が設けられたパープレックス(perplex)半球で実施し、10分間の適応後、このマウスにおいてアポモルヒネの投与時に1時間それぞれ病変の同側(ipsilateral)及び対側(contralateral)における回転数を測定し、各値を平均値±平均誤差(n=6)の値で示した。
Y字形迷路測定装置は、3個の通路(arm)を設け、アルファベットY字形を示しており、各通路は長さ35cm、高さ9cm、幅5cmであり、同一の角度で位置する。試験動物の頭部分がY字形迷路の一つの通路の端に向かうように置いて、8分間自由に通路を歩き回るようにする。動物の動作を記録し、通路に動物の後足まで入った場合を通過したもの(arm entry)とみなす。動物の動作を交差回数(alternation)で示すが、交差回数は、動物が連続的に3個の通路を通過した時に一回交差したものとみなす。自発的な交差行動量は、実際交差回数と最大限可能な交差回数(すなわち、総交差回数から2を引いた値)の百分率である。
試験器具は、横×縦×高さが50×15×40cmであり、底には導電網が敷かれているシャトルボックス(Shuttle box)を利用した。また、ボックスは仕切りドア(connecting guillotine door:10×10cm)を用いて半分に分けて25×15cmの部屋を2個設けた。各部屋には、20Wの電球で照明をつけるようにした。騷音が60dB以下であり、照明を暗くした部屋で試験を実施した。
Claims (4)
- 唯一の有効成分として下記化学式1で示す化合物からなる退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤。
(式中、Rは炭素数1乃至2のアルキル基である。) - 前記化学式1で示す化合物は、メチルパラベンである、請求項1に記載の退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤。
- 退行性神経系脳疾患は、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー型認知症、老人性認知症、脳卒中、ルーゲーリック病、ピック病、クロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病、ハンチントン病、進行性核上性麻痺、脊髄小脳変性症、小脳萎縮症、多発性硬化症、外傷後ストレス障害及び記憶喪失症からなる群から選択される疾患である、請求項1に記載の退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤。
- 顆粒剤、散剤、シロップ剤、液剤、懸濁剤、錠剤、カプセル剤、トローチ剤、丸剤、注射剤又は座剤として剤形化される、請求項1に記載の退行性神経系脳疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤。
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AU2011296802A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
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