JP5840368B2 - 関節炎予防改善用物質 - Google Patents
関節炎予防改善用物質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5840368B2 JP5840368B2 JP2011020765A JP2011020765A JP5840368B2 JP 5840368 B2 JP5840368 B2 JP 5840368B2 JP 2011020765 A JP2011020765 A JP 2011020765A JP 2011020765 A JP2011020765 A JP 2011020765A JP 5840368 B2 JP5840368 B2 JP 5840368B2
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- lactic acid
- arthritis
- acid bacteria
- lactobacillus
- strain
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Description
(a) 該物質が、消炎性乳酸菌を破砕して得られるものであり、破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して菌体破砕物を約5〜100質量%の割合で含む
(b) 該物質が、被験者においてIL-6の発現レベルを低減する作用を有する
(2) 上記破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して菌体破砕物が約20〜100質量%の割合で含む、上記(1)に記載の物質。
(3) 上記破砕物における菌体の各々の平均長径または表面積が破砕前の0〜90%である、上記(1)または(2)に記載の物質。
(4) 上記物質が、上記被験者におけるIL-6の発現レベルを、上記破砕物の使用前と比較して50%以下に低減する作用を有する、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の物質。
(5) 上記消炎性乳酸菌が、非消炎性対照物質摂取による関節炎モデル動物の脾臓組織での発現レベルを1としたとき、消炎性乳酸菌摂取による関節炎モデル動物の脾臓組織でのAdam15、Stat3およびCd40lgの発現レベルが、次の少なくとも1つの条件、すなわち
Adam15の発現:0.7未満
Stat3の発現:1.3以上
Cd40lgの発現:0.7未満
を満たす乳酸菌である、上記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の物質。
(7) 上記破砕物が、物理的破砕、薬品処理または酵素溶解により得られる、上記(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の物質。
(8) 上記消炎性乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス属、ビフィドバクテリウム属、エンテロコッカス属、ロイコノストック属、ストレプトコッカス属、ラクトコッカス属、ペディオコッカス属およびワイセラ属に属する細菌からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の物質。
(9) 上記ラクトバチルス属に属する細菌が、ラクトバチルス・アミロボラス、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ、ラクトバチルス・パラカゼイ、ラクトバチルス・ゼアエ、ラクトバチルス・ラムノーサス、ラクトバチルス・ロイテリ、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス、ラクトバチルス・クリスパタス、ラクトバチルス・ガリナーラム、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス、ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム、ラクトバチルス・プランタラム、ラクトバチルス・デルブルッキ サブスピーシーズ ブルガリカス、およびラクトバチルス・ジョンソニーからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(10) 上記ビフィドバクテリウムに属する細菌が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレーべ、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス、ビフィドバクテリウム・アドレセンティス、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム、ビフィドバクテリウム・ラクティス、ビフィドバクテリウム・カテニュラータム、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードカテニュラータム、およびビフィドバクテリウム・マグナムからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(12) ストレプトコッカス属に属する細菌が、ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィルス、ストレプトコッカス・ラクチス、ストレプトコッカス・ダイアセチラクチス、およびストレプトコッカス・フェカリスからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(13) ロイコノストック属に属する細菌が、ロイコノストック・メゼンテロイデス、およびロイコノストック・ラクティスからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(14) ラクトコッカス属に属する細菌が、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス、ラクトコッカス・プランタラム、およびラクトコッカス・ラフィノラクティスからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(15) ペディオコッカス属に属する細菌が、ペディオコッカス・ペントサセウス、およびペディオコッカス・ダムノサスからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の細菌である、上記(8)に記載の物質。
(17) 上記(1)〜(16)のいずれかに記載の物質を含む、関節炎の予防または改善のための組成物。
(18) 抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質の少なくとも1種をさらに含む、上記(17)に記載の組成物。
(19) 上記抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質が、コラーゲン、グルコサミン、コンドロイチン、脂肪酸、アミノ酸、またはそれらの塩、あるいはそれらの組み合わせ物である、上記(18)に記載の組成物。
(20) 上記組み合わせ物が、グルコサミンもしくはその塩、および、コンドロイチンもしくはその塩である、上記(19)に記載の組成物。
(22) 上記(1)〜(16)のいずれかに記載の物質または上記(17)〜(21)のいずれかに記載の組成物を有効成分として含有する製品。
(23) 飲食品、飼料または医薬品である、上記(22)に記載の製品。
(24) 上記(1)〜(16)のいずれかに記載の物質または上記(17)〜(21)のいずれかに記載の組成物を飲食品、飼料または医薬品に配合することを含む、関節炎症関連疾患または障害を改善するための製品の製造方法。
(25) 上記(1)〜(16)のいずれかに記載の物質と、抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質の少なくとも1種とを配合することを含む、関節炎の予防または改善効果を増強するための方法。
本発明は、消炎性乳酸菌の菌体を破砕することによって、乳酸菌の関節炎改善作用を発現または増強することができるという知見に基づいている。
(a) 該物質が、消炎性乳酸菌を破砕して得られるものであり、破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して菌体破砕物を約5〜100質量%の割合で含む
(b) 該物質が、被験者においてIL-6の発現レベルを低減する作用を有する
(Adam15の発現は、好ましくは0.5未満、さらに好ましくは、0.25未満である。)
Stat3の発現:1.3以上(亢進)
(Stat3の発現は、好ましくは1.5以上、さらに好ましくは、1.75以上である。)
Cd40lgの発現:0.7未満(抑制)
(Cd40lgの発現は、好ましくは0.5未満、さらに好ましくは、0.25未満である。)
上記の手法で得られた、かつ、関節炎の予防または改善作用を有する本発明の上記物質は、単独であるいは他の成分と共に、関節炎の予防または改善のための組成物の形態にすることができる。
以下の実施例によって本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・アミロボラスCP1563株(FERM BP-11255)およびラクトバチルス・ガセリCP2305株(FERM BP-11331(受領番号FERM ABP-11331))およびラクトバチルス・アシドフィラスCL-92株(FERM BP-4981)を以下のとおり調製した。
周速:14.0m/s
処理流速:1L/10min
処理回数:5回
破砕槽温度:15℃
使用ガラスビーズ:直径0.5mm 0.4L
以下の通り、乳酸菌凍結乾燥粉末(非破砕)のラット・アジュバント関節炎に対する発症予防効果を検討した。これらの被験物質については、各乳酸菌凍結乾燥粉末(非破砕)はアジュバント感作日の2週前より試験終了日(day 21)まで連続で混餌にて摂食させた(3%(w/w))。
各種乳酸菌は前述のとおり調製し、常法によって凍結乾燥した。飼料は市販MF飼料に混合し、(オリエンタル酵母)し、自由摂食させた。グルコサミン(ミヤコ化学株式会社製)およびコンドロイチン(マルハ株式会社製)は重量比で1%混餌することによって自由摂食させた。
感作に使用するフロインドコンプリートアジュバント(FCA)は、M. tuberculosis H37Ra(和光純薬)を適当量秤りとり、メノウ乳鉢で微粉末にした後、流動パラフィン(和光純薬)を少しずつ加えて懸濁し、6 mg/mlの懸濁液を作製した。調製はアジュバント感作日に行った。
日本SLC(株)より8週齢にて購入した雌性Wistar系ラット(SPF)を14日間予備飼育して実験に供した。ラットは予備飼育期間および実験期間を通して室温24±3℃、相対湿度55±15%の飼育室(照明時間8時〜18時)で飼育した。
ラットをイソフルラン麻酔下に固定台に固定し、作製したアジュバントの0.1 mlを右後肢の足蹠皮内に注射し関節炎を誘発した。なお、誘発日をday 0(0日目)とした。
投与方法:3%混餌にて自由摂食
投与期間: day -14 〜 21
動物数:10匹/群
一般状態:毎日1回症状を観察し、記録用紙に記入した。
1:mild(軽症)
2:moderate(中度の症状)
3:moderately-severe(やや重症)
4:severe(重症)
評価は安定しており、パラメトリック解析が可能な感作後肢の肥厚をプライマリーエンドポイントとした。反復測定後、摂取最終日でのデータを群間比較した。
day21における足容積を箱ひげ図で示し、各群の統計的有意性を検定するため、SPSS ver12を用いて分散分析を実施後、総当たりの多重比較検定(Tukey法)を行い群間差を検出した。p<0.05の場合を有意差とした。
感作後肢容積
day21における感作後肢(右肢)容積の測定結果を一例として図2に示した。これは乳酸菌凍結乾燥粉末(非破砕)のラット・アジュバント関節炎に対する発症予防効果を比較検討した結果の例である。
本実施例では、アジュバント関節炎ラットに投与する乳酸菌の破砕効果を検証した例を示す。実施例1に記載の菌体破砕法によって調製したLactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株、Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305株およびLactobacillus amylovorus CP1563株の破砕物を各々の非破砕菌体の投与の場合を例として比較した(図3)。
本実施例では、アジュバント関節炎ラットに投与する破砕乳酸菌と、グルコサミン(GlnNH2)またはグルコサミン(GlnNH2)+コンドロイチン(Cdn)との相乗効果(正の交互作用)をLactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株(実験1:図4)およびLactobacillus gasseri CP2305株(実験2:図5)を例として記載した。
消炎性乳酸菌の関節リウマチに対する効果の検証
東京大学農学生命科学研究科(東京、日本)にて繁殖したIL-1Ra KO 雌マウスを関節リウマチのモデルとして6週齢より以下の通り、乳酸菌凍結乾燥粉末のラット・アジュバント関節炎に対する発症予防効果の高かったLactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株を例として関節リウマチに対する改善効果の検証を行った。この実施例では、実施例3および4で乳酸菌の破砕効果が確認された消炎性乳酸菌の菌体(非破砕)を使用したが、菌体破砕物を使用するときには、菌体自体を使用した場合に優る炎症抑制効果が得られることは明らかである。また、図3に示した結果を考慮すると、Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305株およびLactobacillus amylovorus CP1563株ならびにそれらの破砕物でもまた関節リウマチに対する改善効果が得られることは明らかである。なお、この実験で使用したIL-1Ra KO 雌マウスは、IL-1受容体の内因性アンタゴニストを欠損させることで炎症を生じ、リウマチ様の関節炎を自然発生することが知られている。
乳酸菌は前述のとおり調製し、常法によって凍結乾燥した。飼料はアジュバント関節炎実験同様、市販MF飼料に菌体を3%混合(オリエンタル酵母)し、自由摂食させた。
東京大学農学生命科学研究科にて自家繁殖したIL-1Ra KOマウスを6週齢より24週齢まで実験食を与え、実験期間を通して室温24±3℃、相対湿度55±15%の飼育室(照明時間8時〜18時)で飼育した。
一般状態:6週齢より24週齢まで1週毎症状を観察し、記録用紙に記入した。
1:mild
2:moderate
3:moderately-severe
4:severe
左右後肢足蹠肥厚の平均値をプライマリーエンドポイントとした。
反復測定分散分析(SPSSver12)にて群間比較した。
感作後肢容積
試験期間における後肢足蹠肥厚(左右平均)測定結果を図6に示した。Lactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株凍結乾燥粉末の関節リウマチに対する発症予防効果を検討した結果、Lactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株投与において、左右後肢足蹠肥厚の変化を有意に抑制(p=0.003)し、強いリウマチ様関節炎抑制効果が得られた。これにより、関節リウマチに対しても消炎効果が高いことが立証された。
Mouse Cytokine Twenty-PlexAntibody Beads Kit(Invitrogen)および剖検時に得られた血漿を用いて、炎症性サイトカインの発現に及ぼすLactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株凍結乾燥粉末の影響を測定した。その結果、対照物質(非消炎性)と対比して、統計的有意性(p)(それぞれ、0.00012、0.0369)をもってFGF-basicおよびIL-6の発現の著明な抑制が観察された(図7AおよびB)。これらのサイトカイン類は、関節滑膜の増殖の促進ならびに炎症の促進に関連しており、足蹠肥厚の抑制に関係した。
炎症抑制効果の発現を裏付けるため、血漿中IL-6の経時変化を調べた。図8に示す通り、8週、12週、16週および20週における血漿中のIL-6を測定した。Lactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株投与において、IL-6の誘導は完全に押さえられことが明らかとなった。IL-6受容体に対する抗体トシリズマブ(tocilizumab)は医薬として開発されており、リウマチ治療に重要な役割を果たすことから、乳酸菌の新たな可能性を示す作用であると考えられる。
各群の平均に近い5匹のマウス脾臓についてDNAアレイ解析を実施した。DNAアレイは、Op ArrayTM MouseV4.0(Operon Biotecnologies製)を使用し、単色法にて比較解析を行った。その結果、Stat3の著明な亢進が見られたことから、Il-10シグナルなどによる炎症に関わるエフェクター細胞の活性の抑制が考えられる。その他、Mapk1、Traf2、Casp2、Nfatc3など炎症、自己免疫疾患関連遺伝子の発現抑制が確認された。
脾臓に準じ、同マウス個体5匹のパイエル板(PP)のDNAアレイ解析を行った。DNAアレイは、上記と同様の手順で解析を行った。その結果、自然免疫系の活性化に関わる遺伝子の発現の抑制が確認された。また、IGHA、IGHV、IL-4などの発現が亢進し、IgA産生の促進が生じていた。分泌されたIgAは、腸管や他の粘膜組織に侵入したウイルス、細菌、細菌毒素、アレルゲンなどの有害物質を排除する働きをもつ。また、Defcr5の発現亢進にみられるようにDefensinの産生も亢進している。これらの結果から、粘膜面での防御機能が著しく高まっていることがわかる。
関節リウマチモデルマウスでの関節炎抑制効果の高い乳酸菌の選抜
アジュバント関節炎抑制効果が一般的なLactobacillusrhamnosus SP1株(非破砕)と強い効果を示したLactobacillus acidophilus CL-92株(非破砕)との比較を例に、実施例5に記載したよう手順で、消炎性乳酸菌の選抜のための比較試験を、関節リウマチモデルマウスを用いて行った。
Claims (14)
- ラクトバチルス属に属する消炎性乳酸菌の菌体破砕物を破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して5〜100質量%の割合で含む、IL-6発現レベル低減剤であって、
該消炎性乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラスCL-92株(FERM BP-4981)である、上記剤。 - ラクトバチルス属に属する消炎性乳酸菌の菌体破砕物を破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して5〜100質量%の割合で含む、関節炎の予防または改善剤であって、
該消炎性乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラスCL-92株(FERM BP-4981)、ラクトバチルス・ガセリCP2305株(FERM BP-11331)またはラクトバチルス・アミロボラスCP1563株(FERM BP-11255)である、上記剤。 - 前記破砕前の該乳酸菌に対して菌体破砕物を20〜100質量%の割合で含む、請求項1または2に記載の剤。
- 前記破砕物における菌体の各々の平均長径または表面積が破砕前の0〜90%である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の剤。
- IL-6の発現レベルを、前記破砕物の使用前と比較して50%以下に低減する作用を有する、請求項1、3または4に記載の剤。
- 前記破砕物が、物理的破砕、薬品処理または酵素溶解により得られる、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の剤。
- 抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質の少なくとも1種をさらに含む、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の剤。
- 前記抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質が、コラーゲン、グルコサミン、コンドロイチン、脂肪酸、アミノ酸、またはそれらの塩、あるいはそれらの組み合わせ物である、請求項7に記載の剤。
- 前記組み合わせ物が、グルコサミンもしくはその塩、および、コンドロイチンもしくはその塩である、請求項8に記載の剤。
- 前記関節炎が、関節リウマチ、変形性膝関節症、腱鞘炎、肩周囲関節炎、屈腱炎または股関節炎である、請求項2〜9のいずれか一項に記載の剤。
- 請求項2〜10のいずれか一項に記載の剤と、抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質の少なくとも1種とを配合して組成物を製造することを含む、組成物の関節炎の予防または改善効果を増強するための方法。
- 前記抗炎症作用を有する既存の物質が、コラーゲン、グルコサミン、コンドロイチン、脂肪酸、アミノ酸、またはそれらの塩、あるいはそれらの組み合わせ物である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記組み合わせ物が、グルコサミンもしくはその塩、および、コンドロイチンもしくはその塩である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラスCL-92株(FERM BP-4981)、ラクトバチルス・ガセリCP2305株(FERM BP-11331)またはラクトバチルス・アミロボラスCP1563株(FERM BP-11255)からなる群より選択される乳酸菌を破砕することを含む、乳酸菌の関節炎改善作用の増強方法。
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CA2826356A CA2826356A1 (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2012-01-18 | Substance for preventing and improving arthritis |
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WO2018003898A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | 軟骨再生促進用組成物 |
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