JP5709425B2 - Reagent for D-dimer measurement - Google Patents
Reagent for D-dimer measurement Download PDFInfo
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- JP5709425B2 JP5709425B2 JP2010168521A JP2010168521A JP5709425B2 JP 5709425 B2 JP5709425 B2 JP 5709425B2 JP 2010168521 A JP2010168521 A JP 2010168521A JP 2010168521 A JP2010168521 A JP 2010168521A JP 5709425 B2 JP5709425 B2 JP 5709425B2
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- Prior art keywords
- dimer
- reagent
- fraction
- antibody
- monoclonal antibody
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Description
本発明は、フィブリンの分解産物であるＤダイマーの測定に用いられるＤダイマー測定用試薬に関する。 The present invention relates to a reagent for measuring D-dimer used for measuring D-dimer which is a degradation product of fibrin.
臨床検査、特に血液凝固線溶検査の分野では、Ｄダイマーを測定することが知られている。Ｄダイマーは血液凝固分子マーカーの１つであり、Ｄダイマーの測定は、凝固・線溶系を亢進する各種血栓症やＤＩＣ（播種性血管内凝固症候群）の診断及びそれらの病態把握や治療効果判定などの指標を得るために重要である。 In the field of clinical tests, particularly blood coagulation and fibrinolysis tests, it is known to measure D-dimer. D-dimer is one of the blood coagulation molecular markers. D-dimer measurement is used to diagnose various thrombosis and DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Syndrome) that promotes coagulation and fibrinolytic system, to grasp their pathological condition and to determine the therapeutic effect It is important to obtain such indicators.
Ｄダイマーを測定する方法としては種々の方法が知られており、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬も販売されている。特許文献１〜５には、１種類のモノクローナル抗体を担体粒子に感作したＤダイマー測定用試薬が記載されている。 Various methods are known for measuring D-dimer, and a reagent for measuring D-dimer is also sold. Patent Documents 1 to 5 describe D-dimer measurement reagents in which one type of monoclonal antibody is sensitized to carrier particles.
また、深部静脈血栓症の除外診断においては、Ｄダイマー濃度の測定が有用であることが知られている（特許文献６及び７参照）。Ｄダイマー濃度にカットオフ値を設定し、被験者のＤダイマー濃度がカットオフ値を下回る場合、該被験者は深部静脈血栓症ではないと判断できる。したがって、被験者が深部静脈血栓症であるか否かを正確に判断するためには、Ｄダイマーの低濃度域において高い測定感度が要求される。 In addition, it is known that measurement of D-dimer concentration is useful in the exclusion diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (see Patent Documents 6 and 7). When a cutoff value is set for the D-dimer concentration and the subject's D-dimer concentration falls below the cutoff value, it can be determined that the subject is not deep vein thrombosis. Therefore, in order to accurately determine whether or not a subject has deep vein thrombosis, high measurement sensitivity is required in a low concentration region of D dimer.
従来は、Ｄダイマーの測定感度を向上させる目的で、測定用試薬中のＤダイマーに対する抗体の濃度を高めたり、増感剤を試薬に添加したりしていた。しかし、これらの方法ではバックグラウンドが増加し、反応液に粘度や発泡が生じるという問題があった。 Conventionally, for the purpose of improving the measurement sensitivity of D-dimer, the concentration of antibody against D-dimer in the measurement reagent has been increased, or a sensitizer has been added to the reagent. However, these methods have a problem that background increases and viscosity and foaming occur in the reaction solution.
本発明は、測定用試薬中のＤダイマーに対する抗体の濃度を高めたり、増感剤を試薬に添加したりすることなく、低濃度域においても高感度にＤダイマーを測定できる試薬及び試薬キットを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a reagent and a reagent kit capable of measuring D-dimer with high sensitivity even in a low concentration range without increasing the concentration of antibody against D-dimer in a reagent for measurement or adding a sensitizer to the reagent. The purpose is to provide.
本発明者らは、鋭意研究を行った結果、Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体を含む試薬を用いることにより、１種類の抗体を感作した従来の試薬よりもＤダイマーの検出感度が向上し、低濃度域においてもＤダイマーを測定できることを見出して、本発明を完成した。 As a result of earnest research, the present inventors have reacted with D dimer, but by using a reagent containing a carrier sensitized with the first and second monoclonal antibodies having different reactivity to D dimer, 1 The present inventors completed the present invention by discovering that the detection sensitivity of D-dimer is improved as compared with conventional reagents sensitized with various types of antibodies, and that D-dimer can be measured even in a low concentration range.
すなわち、本発明によれば、
Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体を含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体がＤダイマーの高分子画分及び低分子画分と反応し、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体が前記高分子画分とは反応するが、前記第２のモノクローナル抗体の前記低分子画分との反応性が前記第１のモノクローナル抗体とは異なる
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬が提供される。
That is, according to the present invention,
A carrier that reacts with D-dimer but is sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that are different in reactivity to D-dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody reacts with a high molecular fraction and a low molecular fraction of D-dimer;
The second monoclonal antibody reacts with the high molecular fraction, but the reactivity of the second monoclonal antibody with the low molecular fraction is different from that of the first monoclonal antibody, A reagent for measuring D-dimer is provided.
また、本発明によれば、
緩衝液を含む第１試薬と、Ｄダイマーに反応するがＤダイマーに対する反応性の異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む第２試薬とを含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体がＤダイマーの高分子画分及び低分子画分と反応し、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体が前記高分子画分とは反応するが、前記第２のモノクローナル抗体の前記低分子画分との反応性が前記第１のモノクローナル抗体とは異なる
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬キットが提供される。
Moreover, according to the present invention,
A first reagent containing a buffer solution, and a second reagent containing carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D dimer but have different reactivity with D dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody reacts with a high molecular fraction and a low molecular fraction of D-dimer;
The second monoclonal antibody reacts with the high molecular fraction, but the reactivity of the second monoclonal antibody with the low molecular fraction is different from that of the first monoclonal antibody, A reagent kit for measuring D-dimer is provided.
本発明の試薬及び試薬キットによれば、従来のＤダイマー測定用試薬では測定困難であった低濃度域においても試料中のＤダイマーを高感度に測定することが可能となる。 According to the reagent and reagent kit of the present invention, it is possible to measure D-dimer in a sample with high sensitivity even in a low concentration range, which is difficult to measure with a conventional reagent for measuring D-dimer.
本発明は、Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体を含むＤダイマー測定用試薬（以下、本発明の試薬ともいう）である。 The present invention relates to a reagent for measuring D dimer (hereinafter also referred to as the reagent of the present invention) comprising a carrier sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D dimer but have different reactivity to D dimer. is there.
本明細書において「Ｄダイマー」とは、トロンビンなどの酵素の作用により血液中のフィブリノゲンが凝固されて形成されるポリマーである安定化フィブリンが、プラスミンなどの酵素によって分解されて生じるフィブリン分解産物である。
なお、Ｄダイマーは当該技術において、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分又はＤＤ／Ｅ画分の多量体の総称としても知られている。「ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の多量体」としては、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の３量体であるＤＸＤ／ＹＹ画分、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の５量体であるＹＸＹ／ＤＸＸＤ画分、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の７量体であるＤＸＸＤ／ＹＸＸＹ画分などが知られている。また、当該技術においては、ＤダイマーとＤＤ／Ｅ画分の多量体とを合わせて「ＸＤＰ画分」とも総称される。
In the present specification, “D dimer” is a fibrin degradation product produced by degrading a stabilized fibrin, which is a polymer formed by coagulation of fibrinogen in blood by the action of an enzyme such as thrombin, with an enzyme such as plasmin. is there.
D-dimer is also known in the art as a generic term for a DD / E fraction or a multimer of DD / E fractions. The “DD / E fraction multimer” includes a DD / EY fraction trimer, a DDD / YY fraction, a DD / E fraction pentamer YXY / DXXXD fraction, and a DD / E fraction. The DXXXD / YXXY fraction, which is a heptamer of the fraction, is known. In the art, the D dimer and the DD / E fraction multimer are collectively referred to as “XDP fraction”.
プラスミンなどの酵素は、血液中に存在するフィブリノゲンも分解することが当該技術において知られている。フィブリノゲンがプラスミンなどの酵素によって分解されると、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の構成要素であるＤ画分、Ｅ画分、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分のようなフィブリノゲン分解産物が生じる。そのため、血栓症患者の血液中には、安定化フィブリンが分解されて生じるＤダイマーとフィブリノゲンが分解されて生じるフィブリノゲン分解産物とが混在する。 It is known in the art that enzymes such as plasmin also degrade fibrinogen present in the blood. When fibrinogen is degraded by an enzyme such as plasmin, fibrinogen degradation products such as D fraction, E fraction, X fraction, and Y fraction, which are components of the DD / E fraction, are generated. Therefore, in the blood of a thrombosis patient, D-dimer generated by decomposing stabilized fibrin and a fibrinogen decomposition product generated by decomposing fibrinogen are mixed.
本明細書において「Ｄダイマーの高分子画分」とは、安定化フィブリンをプラスミンなどの酵素により短時間分解させて得られるフィブリン分解産物である。そのようなＤダイマーの高分子画分としては、例えば安定化フィブリンをプラスミンによって0.25〜４時間、好ましくは0.25〜２時間分解させることにより得られるフィブリン分解産物が挙げられる。
本明細書において「Ｄダイマーの低分子画分」とは、安定化フィブリンをプラスミンなどの酵素により長時間分解させて得られるフィブリン分解産物である。そのようなＤダイマーの低分子画分としては、例えば安定化フィブリンをプラスミンによって10〜30時間、好ましくは15〜25時間分解させることにより得られるフィブリン分解産物が挙げられる。
In the present specification, “polymer fraction of D-dimer” is a fibrin degradation product obtained by degrading stabilized fibrin for a short time with an enzyme such as plasmin. Examples of such a high molecular fraction of D-dimer include fibrin degradation products obtained by degrading stabilized fibrin with plasmin for 0.25 to 4 hours, preferably 0.25 to 2 hours.
In the present specification, the “low molecular fraction of D-dimer” is a fibrin degradation product obtained by degrading stabilized fibrin for a long time with an enzyme such as plasmin. Examples of such a low molecular fraction of D dimer include fibrin degradation products obtained by degrading stabilized fibrin with plasmin for 10 to 30 hours, preferably 15 to 25 hours.
本発明の試薬に用いられる抗体は、Ｄダイマーと反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる２種類のモノクローナル抗体であれば特に限定されない。以下、該２種類のモノクローナル抗体について、一方を「第１のモノクローナル抗体」と称し、他方を「第２のモノクローナル抗体」と称する。そのような抗体としては、Ｄダイマーの高分子画分及び低分子画分と反応する第１のモノクローナル抗体と、該高分子画分とは反応するが、該低分子画分との反応性が該第１のモノクローナル抗体とは反応性が異なる第２のモノクローナル抗体が好ましい。 The antibody used in the reagent of the present invention reacts with D dimer, but is not particularly limited as long as it is two types of monoclonal antibodies having different reactivity to D dimer. Hereinafter, one of the two types of monoclonal antibodies is referred to as “first monoclonal antibody”, and the other is referred to as “second monoclonal antibody”. As such an antibody, the first monoclonal antibody that reacts with the high molecular fraction and low molecular fraction of D-dimer reacts with the high molecular fraction, but has reactivity with the low molecular fraction. A second monoclonal antibody having a different reactivity from the first monoclonal antibody is preferred.
本発明の試薬に用いられる第１のモノクローナル抗体は、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分及びＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｄ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しない抗体がより好ましい。
本発明の試薬に用いられる第２のモノクローナル抗体は、Ｄダイマーとは反応するが、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しない抗体がより好ましい。そのような第２のモノクローナル抗体は、Ｄ画分と反応する抗体であってもよいし、Ｄ画分と反応しない抗体であってもよい。
The first monoclonal antibody used in the reagent of the present invention is more preferably an antibody that reacts with the X fraction, the Y fraction, and the D dimer but does not react with the D fraction and the E fraction.
The second monoclonal antibody used in the reagent of the present invention is more preferably an antibody that reacts with the D dimer but does not react with the X fraction, the Y fraction, and the E fraction. Such a second monoclonal antibody may be an antibody that reacts with the D fraction or an antibody that does not react with the D fraction.
上記の第１及び第２モノクローナル抗体は、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、ウサギ、ヤギ、ウマなどのいずれの哺乳動物に由来するものであってもよいが、それらの中でもマウスが好ましい。また、抗体のアイソタイプはIgG、IgM、IgE、IgAなどのいずれであってもよい。抗体は、抗体のフラグメント及びその誘導体を含む。具体例としては、Fabフラグメント、F(ab')2フラグメント等が挙げられる。 The first and second monoclonal antibodies may be derived from any mammals such as mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits, goats, horses, etc. Among them, mice are preferred. The antibody isotype may be IgG, IgM, IgE, IgA or the like. Antibodies include antibody fragments and derivatives thereof. Specific examples include Fab fragments, F (ab ′) 2 fragments, and the like.
上記の第１及び第２モノクローナル抗体は、当該技術において公知の免疫学的手法により得ることができる。すなわち、抗原としてのＤダイマーとアジュバントとを任意に混合して動物を免疫し、該動物由来のＢリンパ球と各種骨髄腫細胞とを融合することによりモノクローナル抗体を産生するハイブリドーマを得ることができる。 The first and second monoclonal antibodies described above can be obtained by immunological techniques known in the art. That is, a hybridoma that produces a monoclonal antibody can be obtained by immunizing an animal by arbitrarily mixing D-dimer as an antigen and an adjuvant, and fusing B lymphocytes derived from the animal with various myeloma cells. .
具体的には、以下の方法により本発明の試薬に用いられる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を得ることができる。
（抗原の取得）
抗原として用いるＤダイマーは、プラスミンのようなフィブリンを分解できる酵素をフィブリンに作用させて得ることができる。該Ｄダイマーは、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分より大きい分子量の画分を含むものが好ましい。このようなものとしては、ＤＤ／Ｅ画分の２〜５量体が挙げられる。また、Ｄダイマーのアミノ酸配列に基づいて、当該技術において公知の遺伝子工学的手法により得られる組み換え型のＤダイマーを抗原として用いてもよい。
Ｄダイマーの原料となるフィブリンは市販のものを用いてもよいし、フィブリノゲンにトロンビン、第ＸＩＩＩ因子及びカルシウム塩を作用させて得られるものを用いてもよい。
Specifically, the first and second monoclonal antibodies used in the reagent of the present invention can be obtained by the following method.
(Acquisition of antigen)
The D dimer used as an antigen can be obtained by allowing fibrin to act on an enzyme capable of degrading fibrin such as plasmin. The D dimer preferably contains a fraction having a molecular weight higher than the DD / E fraction. As such a thing, the 2-5mer of DD / E fraction is mentioned. Further, based on the amino acid sequence of the D dimer, a recombinant D dimer obtained by a genetic engineering technique known in the art may be used as an antigen.
Commercially available fibrin may be used as the raw material for D-dimer, or may be obtained by reacting fibrinogen with thrombin, factor XIII and calcium salt.
（免疫方法）
上記のようにして得られる抗原を、アジュバントと任意に混合し、適当な緩衝液に溶解又は懸濁して得られる抗原液で、動物を免疫することができる。該抗原液中の抗原の濃度は、50〜500μg/ml程度が好ましい。抗原の免疫原性が低い場合は、アルブミン、キーホールリンペットヘモシアニンのようなキャリアータンパク質を任意に抗原と結合させてもよい。
(Immune method)
An antigen can be immunized with an antigen solution obtained by arbitrarily mixing the antigen obtained as described above with an adjuvant and dissolving or suspending it in an appropriate buffer solution. The concentration of the antigen in the antigen solution is preferably about 50 to 500 μg / ml. When the immunogenicity of the antigen is low, a carrier protein such as albumin or keyhole limpet hemocyanin may optionally be bound to the antigen.
アジュバントとしては、当該技術において公知のアジュバントを用いることができる。そのようなアジュバントとしては、例えばフロイント完全アジュバント（FCA）、フロイント不完全アジュバント（FIA）、Ribi（MPL）、Ribi（TDM）、Ribi（MPL + TDM）、百日咳ワクチン（Bordetella pertussis vaccine）、ムラミルジペプチド（MPD）、アルミニウムアジュバント（ALUM）及びこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。初回免疫時にFCAを用い、追加免疫時にFIAやRibiアジュバントを用いる組み合わせが特に好ましい。 As an adjuvant, an adjuvant known in the art can be used. Examples of such adjuvants include Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA), Ribi (MPL), Ribi (TDM), Ribi (MPL + TDM), Bordetella pertussis vaccine, Muramyl Dipeptide (MPD), aluminum adjuvant (ALUM) and combinations thereof. A combination using FCA at the time of the first immunization and using FIA or Ribi adjuvant at the time of additional immunization is particularly preferable.
免疫にする動物はマウス、ラット、ハムスター、ウマ、ヤギ、ウサギなどのいずれであってもよく、好ましくはマウス、より好ましくはBALB/cマウスである。
免疫法は、使用する抗原の種類やアジュバントの有無により適宜選択することができる。例えばマウスを用いる場合、アジュバント混合抗原液0.05〜１ml（抗原10〜200μg）を腹腔内、皮下、筋肉内又は尾静脈内に注射し、初回免疫から約４〜21日毎に１〜４回追加免疫を行い、さらに約１〜４週間後に最終免疫を行う。抗原量を多くして腹腔内注射することにより、抗原液にアジュバントを用いずに免疫を行ってもよい。追加免疫の約５〜10日後に血液を採取して抗体価を測定する。抗体価は、後述する抗体価アッセイのような当該技術において公知の方法にしたがって測定できる。最終免疫から約３〜５日後に、免疫された動物から脾臓を摘出し、脾臓細胞を分離して抗体産生細胞を得ることができる。
The animal to be immunized may be a mouse, rat, hamster, horse, goat, rabbit or the like, preferably a mouse, more preferably a BALB / c mouse.
The immunization method can be appropriately selected depending on the type of antigen used and the presence or absence of an adjuvant. For example, in the case of using a mouse, 0.05 to 1 ml of an adjuvant mixed antigen solution (
（モノクローナル抗体の作製）
モノクローナル抗体は、当該技術において公知の方法、例えばKohler及びMilstein, Nature, 256, 495-497 (1975)に記載の方法にしたがって作製できる。
用いる骨髄腫細胞は、マウス、ラット、ヒトなどいずれに由来するものであってもよく、例えばマウスミエローマP3X63-Ag8、P3X63-Ag8-U1、P3NS1-Ag4、SP2/o-Ag14、P3X63-Ag8・653などの株化骨髄腫細胞が挙げられる。骨髄腫細胞には免疫グロブリン軽鎖を産生するものがあり、これを融合対象として用いると、抗体産生細胞が産生する免疫グロブリン重鎖とこの軽鎖とがランダムに結合することがあるので、特に免疫グロブリン軽鎖を産生しない骨髄腫細胞、例えばP3X63-Ag8・653やSP2/o-Ag14などを用いるのが好ましい。抗体産生細胞と骨髄腫細胞とは、同種動物、特に同系統の動物由来のものが好ましい。
(Production of monoclonal antibodies)
Monoclonal antibodies can be produced according to methods known in the art, such as those described in Kohler and Milstein, Nature, 256, 495-497 (1975).
The myeloma cell to be used may be derived from any mouse, rat, human, etc. Examples include established myeloma cells such as 653. Some myeloma cells produce an immunoglobulin light chain, and when this is used as a fusion target, the immunoglobulin heavy chain produced by the antibody-producing cell and this light chain may bind randomly, It is preferable to use myeloma cells that do not produce an immunoglobulin light chain, such as P3X63-Ag8 · 653 and SP2 / o-Ag14. The antibody-producing cells and myeloma cells are preferably derived from the same species, particularly from the same strain.
抗体産生細胞と骨髄腫細胞とを融合させてハイブリドーマを作製する方法としては、ポリエチレングリコール（PEG）を用いる方法、センダイウイルスを用いる方法、電気融合装置を用いる方法などが挙げられる。PEGを用いる場合、約30〜60％のPEG（平均分子量1000〜6000）を含む適当な培地又は緩衝液中に脾臓細胞と骨髄腫細胞とを１〜10：１、好ましくは５〜10：１の混合比で懸濁し、温度約25〜37℃、pH６〜８の条件下で約30秒〜３分間程度反応させればよい。反応終了後、細胞を洗浄し、PEG含有溶液を除いて培地に再懸濁し、マイクロタイタープレート上に播種して培養する。 Examples of the method for producing a hybridoma by fusing antibody-producing cells and myeloma cells include a method using polyethylene glycol (PEG), a method using Sendai virus, and a method using an electrofusion device. When PEG is used, spleen cells and myeloma cells are placed in an appropriate medium or buffer containing about 30-60% PEG (average molecular weight 1000-6000), 1-10: 1, preferably 5-10: 1. And the reaction may be carried out for about 30 seconds to 3 minutes under conditions of a temperature of about 25 to 37 ° C. and a pH of 6 to 8. After completion of the reaction, the cells are washed, removed from the PEG-containing solution, resuspended in a medium, seeded on a microtiter plate, and cultured.
上記のようにして融合させた細胞を選択培地上で培養して、ハイブリドーマの選択を行うことができる。選択培地としては、融合細胞のみが増殖し得る培地であればよく、例えば、ヒポキサンチン−アミノプテリン−チミジン（HAT）培地が用いられる。ハイブリドーマの選択は、通常、細胞融合の１〜７日後に培地の一部、好ましくは約半量を選択培地と交換し、さらに２〜３日毎に同様にして培地交換を繰り返しながら培養し、培養終了後、顕微鏡観察によりハイブリドーマのコロニーが生育しているウェルを選択することにより行うことができる。 Hybridomas can be selected by culturing the cells fused as described above on a selective medium. The selection medium may be any medium that allows only fused cells to grow. For example, hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine (HAT) medium is used. For selection of hybridomas, usually 1 to 7 days after cell fusion, a part of the medium, preferably about half, is exchanged with the selective medium, and further cultured every 2 to 3 days while repeating the medium exchange, and the culture is completed. Thereafter, it can be carried out by selecting a well in which a hybridoma colony is grown by microscopic observation.
このようにして得られたハイブリドーマが所望の抗体を産生しているか否かは、そのハイブリドーマの培養上清を採取して、抗体価アッセイを行うことにより確認できる。抗体価アッセイは当該技術において公知の方法により行うことができる。例えば固相に固定化した抗原タンパク質に段階希釈した培養上清を添加し、さらに蛍光物質、酵素又は放射性同位体（RI）で標識した二次抗体（抗グロブリン抗体、抗IgG抗体、抗IgM抗体など）を反応させることにより抗体を検出できる。 Whether or not the hybridoma thus obtained produces the desired antibody can be confirmed by collecting the culture supernatant of the hybridoma and performing an antibody titer assay. Antibody titer assays can be performed by methods known in the art. For example, a secondary antibody (antiglobulin antibody, anti-IgG antibody, anti-IgM antibody) added with a culture supernatant serially diluted to an antigen protein immobilized on a solid phase and further labeled with a fluorescent substance, enzyme or radioisotope (RI) Etc.) can be reacted.
上記の抗体価アッセイにより所望の抗体を産生していることが確認されたハイブリドーマは、限界希釈法、軟寒天法、蛍光励起セルソーターを用いる方法などにより、単一クローンを分離できる。例えば限界希釈法の場合、ハイブリドーマのコロニーを１細胞／ウェル程度となるように培地で段階希釈して培養することにより、目的とする抗体を産生するハイブリドーマを単離できる。 Hybridomas that have been confirmed to produce the desired antibody by the above antibody titer assay can be separated into single clones by the limiting dilution method, the soft agar method, the method using a fluorescence excitation cell sorter, or the like. For example, in the case of the limiting dilution method, a hybridoma producing the target antibody can be isolated by serially diluting a hybridoma colony with a medium so as to be about 1 cell / well.
ハイブリドーマからのモノクローナル抗体の取得方法は、モノクローナル抗体の必要量やハイブリドーマの性状により適宜選択できる。例えば該ハイブリドーマを移植したマウスの腹水から取得する方法、細胞培養により培養上清から取得する方法などが挙げられる。マウスの腹腔内で増殖可能なハイブリドーマであれば、腹水から数mg/mlの高濃度のモノクローナル抗体を得ることができる。インビボで増殖できないハイブリドーマの場合には、細胞培養の培養上清からモノクローナル抗体を取得できる。この場合、抗体産生量は低いが、免疫グロブリンや他の夾雑物の混入が少ないので精製が容易である。 The method for obtaining the monoclonal antibody from the hybridoma can be appropriately selected depending on the required amount of the monoclonal antibody and the properties of the hybridoma. For example, a method of obtaining from the ascites of a mouse transplanted with the hybridoma, a method of obtaining from a culture supernatant by cell culture, and the like can be mentioned. A hybridoma capable of growing in the abdominal cavity of a mouse can obtain a high concentration monoclonal antibody of several mg / ml from ascites. In the case of hybridomas that cannot grow in vivo, monoclonal antibodies can be obtained from the culture supernatant of cell culture. In this case, although the amount of antibody production is low, purification is easy because there is little contamination with immunoglobulins and other contaminants.
ハイブリドーマを移植したマウス腹腔内から抗体を取得する場合、例えばプリスタン（2, 6, 10, 14-テトラメチルペンタデカン）のような免疫抑制作用を有する物質を予め投与したBALB/cマウスの腹腔内へハイブリドーマ（約106個以上）を移植し、約１〜３週間後に貯留した腹水を採取する。異種ハイブリドーマを移植する場合には、ヌードマウス、放射線処理マウスなどを用いるのが好ましい。 When an antibody is obtained from the intraperitoneal area of a mouse transplanted with a hybridoma, for example, into the intraperitoneal area of a BALB / c mouse that has been pre-administered with an immunosuppressive substance such as pristane (2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethylpentadecane). A hybridoma (about 10 6 or more) is transplanted, and ascites collected after about 1 to 3 weeks is collected. When transplanting heterologous hybridomas, it is preferable to use nude mice, radiation-treated mice, and the like.
細胞培養上清から抗体を取得する場合、例えば細胞維持に用いられる静置培養の他に、高密度培養法又はスピナーフラスコ培養法などによりハイブリドーマを培養して、抗体を含有する培養上清を得ることができる。培地に血清を添加すると、他の抗体やアルブミンなどの夾雑物が含まれることとなり、抗体の精製が煩雑になることが多いので、培地への血清の添加量は可能な限り少なくするのが好ましい。ハイブリドーマを慣用される方法により無血清培地に馴化させ、無血清培地で培養することがさらに好ましい。これにより、抗体精製が容易になる。 When obtaining antibodies from cell culture supernatant, for example, in addition to stationary culture used for cell maintenance, hybridomas are cultured by a high-density culture method or spinner flask culture method to obtain a culture supernatant containing the antibody. be able to. When serum is added to the culture medium, impurities such as other antibodies and albumin are contained, and antibody purification is often complicated. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the amount of serum added to the culture medium as much as possible. . More preferably, the hybridoma is acclimated to a serum-free medium by a conventional method and cultured in a serum-free medium. This facilitates antibody purification.
腹水や培養上清からのモノクローナル抗体の精製は、公知の方法により行うことができ、例えば硫酸アンモニウムや硫酸ナトリウムを用いる塩析による分画法、ポリエチレングリコール分画法、エタノール分画法、DEAEイオン交換クロマトグラフィー法、ゲルろ過クロマトグラフィー法などに基づく方法により行うことができる。 Purification of monoclonal antibodies from ascites and culture supernatant can be performed by known methods, for example, fractionation by salting out using ammonium sulfate or sodium sulfate, polyethylene glycol fractionation method, ethanol fractionation method, DEAE ion exchange. It can be performed by a method based on a chromatography method, a gel filtration chromatography method or the like.
目的のモノクローナル抗体がマウスIgGである場合、プロテインＡ結合担体又は抗マウスイムノグロブリン結合担体を用いたアフィニティークロマトグラフィー法を用いて抗体を精製できる。 When the target monoclonal antibody is mouse IgG, the antibody can be purified by affinity chromatography using a protein A binding carrier or an anti-mouse immunoglobulin binding carrier.
本発明の試薬に用いられる第１のモノクローナル抗体としては、例えば受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９６８７として独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所に平成１６年２月１７日付けで寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生されるマウス抗体（以下、「DD-M1653抗体」ともいう）が挙げられる。
本発明の試薬に用いられる第２のモノクローナル抗体としては、例えば受託番号ＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６８及びＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６９として独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構に平成２２年７月２３日付けでそれぞれ寄託された各ハイブリドーマにより産生されるマウス抗体（以下、それぞれ「DD-M1039抗体」及び「DD-M46抗体」ともいう）が挙げられる。
As the first monoclonal antibody used in the reagent of the present invention, for example, a mouse produced by a hybridoma deposited on February 17, 2004 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the accession number FERM P-19687 An antibody (hereinafter also referred to as “DD-M1653 antibody”).
The second monoclonal antibody used in the reagent of the present invention, for example, is deposited accession number NITE P -968 and NITE P -969 as National Institute product evaluation each technology base mechanism 2010 July 23 with Examples include mouse antibodies produced by each hybridoma (hereinafter also referred to as “DD-M1039 antibody” and “DD-M46 antibody”, respectively).
本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬における、第１のモノクローナル抗体と第２のモノクローナル抗体との濃度比は特に限定されず、例えば９：１〜１：９の範囲から適宜選択できる。 The concentration ratio between the first monoclonal antibody and the second monoclonal antibody in the reagent for measuring D-dimer of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from the range of 9: 1 to 1: 9, for example.
本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬は、上記のようなＤダイマーには反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体を含む。上記の担体としては、有機高分子化合物、無機化合物、赤血球などが挙げられる。有機高分子化合物としては、不溶性アガロース、不溶性デキストラン、セルロース、ラテックス、ポリスチレン、スチレン−メタクリル酸共重合体、スチレン−グリシジル（メタ）アクリレート共重合体、スチレン−スチレンスルホン酸塩共重合体、メタクリル酸重合体、アクリル酸重合体、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン共重合体、塩化ビニル−アクリル酸エステル共重合体、ポリ酢酸ビニルアクリレートなどが挙げられる。無機化合物としては、シリカ、アルミナなどが挙げられる。 The reagent for measuring D-dimer of the present invention comprises a carrier that is sensitized with the first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with the D-dimer as described above but have different reactivities to the D-dimer. Examples of the carrier include organic polymer compounds, inorganic compounds, and red blood cells. Organic polymer compounds include insoluble agarose, insoluble dextran, cellulose, latex, polystyrene, styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer, styrene-glycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, styrene-styrene sulfonate copolymer, methacrylic acid. Examples thereof include a polymer, an acrylic acid polymer, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, a vinyl chloride-acrylic acid ester copolymer, and polyvinyl acetate acrylate. Examples of inorganic compounds include silica and alumina.
上記の担体の形状は特に限定されず、球状、平面状などいずれの形状であってもよい。球状である場合、粒子の平均径は測定機器などに応じて適宜選択できるが、通常0.05〜0.5μmが適当である。粒子の材質としては、ラテックスが特に好ましい。 The shape of the carrier is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a spherical shape or a planar shape. In the case of a spherical shape, the average diameter of the particles can be appropriately selected according to the measuring instrument and the like, but usually 0.05 to 0.5 μm is appropriate. Latex is particularly preferable as the material of the particles.
第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を担体に感作する方法としては、当該技術において公知の物理的吸着法及び化学的結合法のいずれであってもよいが、担持操作が簡便であるので物理的吸着法が好ましい。 As a method for sensitizing the first and second monoclonal antibodies to the carrier, any of physical adsorption methods and chemical binding methods known in the art may be used. The adsorption method is preferred.
上記の担体が粒子の場合、該担体粒子は、第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体の両方が感作された担体粒子であってもよいし、第１モノクローナル抗体が感作された担体粒子と第２モノクローナル抗体が感作された担体粒子との混合物であってもよい。第１モノクローナル抗体と第２のモノクローナル抗体とで、担体粒子への抗体の感作条件が互いに異なる場合は、各抗体を個別に担体粒子に感作することが好ましい。 When the carrier is a particle, the carrier particle may be a carrier particle sensitized with both the first and second monoclonal antibodies, or the carrier particle and the first monoclonal antibody sensitized with the first monoclonal antibody. It may be a mixture with carrier particles sensitized with 2 monoclonal antibodies. When the first monoclonal antibody and the second monoclonal antibody have different sensitizing conditions for the antibody to the carrier particles, it is preferable to sensitize each antibody to the carrier particles individually.
上記の担体粒子がラテックス粒子である場合、第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子は適当な緩衝液に懸濁されてなることが好ましい。その場合、懸濁液中のラテックス粒子の濃度は、好ましくは0.5〜10 mg/ml、より好ましくは0.75〜1.85 mg/mlである。また、該懸濁液中のモノクローナル抗体の濃度は、好ましくは0.1〜10 mg/ml、より好ましくは0.5〜２mg/mlである。 When the carrier particles are latex particles, the carrier particles sensitized with the first and second monoclonal antibodies are preferably suspended in an appropriate buffer. In that case, the concentration of latex particles in the suspension is preferably 0.5 to 10 mg / ml, more preferably 0.75 to 1.85 mg / ml. The concentration of the monoclonal antibody in the suspension is preferably 0.1 to 10 mg / ml, more preferably 0.5 to 2 mg / ml.
上記の緩衝液としては、pH５〜10、好ましくはpH６〜９にて緩衝作用を有する緩衝液が挙げられる。具体的には、例えばリン酸緩衝液、イミダゾール緩衝液、トリエタノールアミン−塩酸、グッド緩衝液などが挙げられる。グッド緩衝液としては、MES、Bis-Tris、ADA、PIPES、Bis-Tris-Propane、ACES、MOPS、MOPSO、BES、TES、HEPES、HEPPS、Tricine、Tris、Bicine、TAPSなどの緩衝液が挙げられる。それらの中でもMOPSOが好ましい。 As said buffer solution, the buffer solution which has a buffer action at pH 5-10, Preferably pH 6-9 is mentioned. Specific examples include phosphate buffer, imidazole buffer, triethanolamine-hydrochloric acid, Good buffer, and the like. Good buffers include MES, Bis-Tris, ADA, PIPES, Bis-Tris-Propane, ACES, MOPS, MOPSO, BES, TES, HEPES, HEPPS, Tricine, Tris, Bicine, TAPS, etc. . Among these, MOPSO is preferable.
上記の緩衝液は、タンパク質安定化剤（例えばBSAなど）、防腐剤（例えばアジ化ナトリウム、フェニルメタンスルホニルフルオリドなど）、pH調整剤、増感剤（例えばポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアニオン、ポリエチレングリコール、多糖類など）、無機塩（例えば塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウムなど）、バックグラウンド抑制剤（例えばヒト抗マウス抗体（HAMA）吸収剤など）などの添加物をさらに含み得る。 The above buffer solution includes a protein stabilizer (for example, BSA), a preservative (for example, sodium azide, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, etc.), a pH adjuster, a sensitizer (for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyanion, polyethylene glycol, Sugars, etc.), inorganic salts (eg, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, etc.), background inhibitors (eg, human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) absorbers, etc.) and the like may further be included.
本発明の試薬の一実施形態として、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬キット（以下、本発明の試薬キットともいう）が挙げられる。本発明の試薬キットは、緩衝液を含む第１試薬と、Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性の異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む第２試薬とを含む。
本発明の試薬キットは、イムノアッセイ、例えば上記の第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作したラテックス粒子と、生体試料中のＤダイマーとを反応させるアッセイ（ラテックス凝集法）などにより該試料中のＤダイマーを検出するための試薬キットである。
As one embodiment of the reagent of the present invention, a D-dimer measurement reagent kit (hereinafter also referred to as the reagent kit of the present invention) may be mentioned. The reagent kit of the present invention includes a first reagent containing a buffer solution, a second reagent containing carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D dimer but have different reactivity to D dimer, and including.
The reagent kit of the present invention can be used in an immunoassay such as an assay (latex agglutination method) in which latex particles sensitized with the first and second monoclonal antibodies are reacted with D-dimer in a biological sample. It is a reagent kit for detecting D-dimer.
本発明の試薬キットの形態は、上記のとおり第１試薬と第２試薬とからなる２試薬型の形態であるが、１つの試薬からなる１試薬型の形態であってもよい。測定精度の観点などから、試薬キットの形態としては第１試薬と第２試薬とからなる２試薬型が好ましい。より好ましくは、本発明の試薬キットは、緩衝液を含む第１試薬と、上記の本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬からなる第２試薬とを含む形態である。 The form of the reagent kit of the present invention is a two-reagent type consisting of the first reagent and the second reagent as described above, but may be a one-reagent type consisting of one reagent. From the viewpoint of measurement accuracy, the reagent kit is preferably a two-reagent type consisting of a first reagent and a second reagent. More preferably, the reagent kit of the present invention is in a form including a first reagent containing a buffer solution and a second reagent comprising the above-described D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention.
本発明の試薬キットを構成する第１試薬に含まれる緩衝液としては、本発明の試薬において担体粒子の懸濁に用い得る緩衝液と同じ緩衝液が挙げられる。また、第１試薬は、上記のタンパク質安定化剤、防腐剤、pH調整剤、増感剤、無機塩などの添加物を含んでいてもよい。 Examples of the buffer solution contained in the first reagent constituting the reagent kit of the present invention include the same buffer solution that can be used for suspending carrier particles in the reagent of the present invention. The first reagent may contain additives such as the above-mentioned protein stabilizer, preservative, pH adjuster, sensitizer, inorganic salt and the like.
上記の第１試薬はＤダイマーと反応する抗体を含んでいてもよい。そのような抗体としては、例えば上記の本発明の試薬に含まれる第１のモノクローナル抗体及び／又は第２のモノクローナル抗体が挙げられる。第１試薬に含まれ得る抗体は、好ましくは第１のモノクローナル抗体であり、より好ましくはDD-M1653抗体である。第１試薬中のモノクローナル抗体の濃度は、好ましくは１〜100μg/ml、より好ましくは５〜50μg/mlである。 The first reagent may contain an antibody that reacts with D-dimer. Examples of such an antibody include the first monoclonal antibody and / or the second monoclonal antibody contained in the reagent of the present invention described above. The antibody that can be contained in the first reagent is preferably the first monoclonal antibody, more preferably the DD-M1653 antibody. The concentration of the monoclonal antibody in the first reagent is preferably 1 to 100 μg / ml, more preferably 5 to 50 μg / ml.
第１試薬に含まれ得るモノクローナル抗体の中は、Ｄダイマーに反応性を有すると共に、Ｄダイマーと類似の構造を有する画分、例えばＸ画分及び／又はＹ画分に対する反応性を有する抗体もある。そのような反応性を有するモノクローナル抗体を第１試薬に添加することにより、検体中にＤダイマーの構造類似成分であるＸ画分やＹ画分が存在していても、第１試薬中の該モノクローナル抗体がこれらの画分と結合する。したがって、続いて添加される第２試薬中の担体に感作されたモノクローナル抗体と、これらの画分との反応は抑制されると考えられる。これは、Ｘ画分及びＹ画分にはモノクローナル抗体との反応部位が１つしかないのに対して、Ｄダイマーにはモノクローナル抗体との反応部位が複数あることによるものと考えられる。よって、測定しようとするＤダイマーと担体に感作されたモノクローナル抗体とはより高い特異性で反応することができ、Ｄダイマーの濃度をより正確に測定することが可能になる。 Among the monoclonal antibodies that can be contained in the first reagent, there are also antibodies having reactivity to the D dimer and reacting to fractions having a structure similar to the D dimer, for example, the X fraction and / or the Y fraction. is there. By adding a monoclonal antibody having such reactivity to the first reagent, even if the X fraction and the Y fraction, which are structurally similar components of D dimer, are present in the specimen, Monoclonal antibodies bind to these fractions. Therefore, it is considered that the reaction between the monoclonal antibody sensitized to the carrier in the second reagent added subsequently and these fractions is suppressed. This is probably because the X and Y fractions have only one reactive site with the monoclonal antibody, whereas the D dimer has multiple reactive sites with the monoclonal antibody. Therefore, the D dimer to be measured and the monoclonal antibody sensitized to the carrier can react with higher specificity, and the concentration of D dimer can be measured more accurately.
本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬キットを用いて生体試料中のＤダイマーを測定する方法について、以下に具体的に説明する。
まず、緩衝液を含む第１試薬と生体試料とを混合してインキュベートする。ここで、生体試料としては血清、血漿、尿などが挙げられる。第１試薬と生体試料とを混合する際の容量比は、５：１〜50：１程度であればよい。また、インキュベート時間は１〜10分間程度であればよい。
A method for measuring D-dimer in a biological sample using the D-dimer measurement reagent kit of the present invention will be specifically described below.
First, a first reagent containing a buffer solution and a biological sample are mixed and incubated. Here, examples of the biological sample include serum, plasma, urine and the like. The volume ratio when mixing the first reagent and the biological sample may be about 5: 1 to 50: 1. The incubation time may be about 1 to 10 minutes.
次いで、第１試薬と生体試料との混合物に、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性の異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む第２試薬を添加する。該混合物と第２試薬とを混合する際の容量比は、１：0.05〜１：1.5程度であればよい。 Subsequently, the 2nd reagent containing the carrier particle which sensitized the 1st and 2nd monoclonal antibody from which the reactivity with respect to D dimer differs is added to the mixture of a 1st reagent and a biological sample. The volume ratio when mixing the mixture and the second reagent may be about 1: 0.05 to 1: 1.5.
第２試薬を添加して混合すると、抗原抗体反応によりＤダイマーと第２試薬中の担体粒子との凝集が生じる。この凝集の度合いを、１分間当たりの吸光度変化量として測定する。この測定は、散乱光強度、吸光度又は透過光強度を測定可能な光学機器で行うことが好ましい。また、測定波長は300〜2400 nm、好ましくは400〜1200 nm、より好ましくは600〜1000 nmの範囲から適切な波長を選択できる。
生体試料中のＤダイマーの濃度及び／又は量は、濃度既知のＤダイマー標準物質の測定により得られる検量線を用いて、測定した吸光度変化量から算出できる。
When the second reagent is added and mixed, aggregation of D-dimer and carrier particles in the second reagent occurs due to the antigen-antibody reaction. The degree of aggregation is measured as the amount of change in absorbance per minute. This measurement is preferably performed with an optical instrument capable of measuring scattered light intensity, absorbance, or transmitted light intensity. The measurement wavelength can be selected from a range of 300 to 2400 nm, preferably 400 to 1200 nm, more preferably 600 to 1000 nm.
The concentration and / or amount of D-dimer in the biological sample can be calculated from the measured change in absorbance using a calibration curve obtained by measuring a D-dimer standard substance having a known concentration.
本発明の試薬キットでは、第１試薬と第２試薬とを混合した後、両試薬の混合物に生体試料を添加して担体粒子の凝集の度合いを光学的に測定する方法にも利用可能である。 The reagent kit of the present invention can also be used for a method of optically measuring the degree of aggregation of carrier particles by mixing a first reagent and a second reagent and then adding a biological sample to the mixture of both reagents. .
以下に、実施例を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Examples will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
１． 免疫沈降法による各抗体の反応性の確認
第１のモノクローナル抗体としてDD-M1653抗体を用い、第２のモノクローナル抗体としてDD-M1039抗体及びDD-M46抗体を用いて、これらの抗体のフィブリン／フィブリノゲン分解産物に対する反応性の違いを、以下のような免疫沈降法により検討した。
1. Confirmation of reactivity of each antibody by immunoprecipitation method Using DD-M1653 antibody as the first monoclonal antibody and DD-M1039 antibody and DD-M46 antibody as the second monoclonal antibody, fibrin / fibrinogen of these antibodies Differences in reactivity to degradation products were examined by the following immunoprecipitation method.
フィブリン分解産物（Ｄダイマー）及びフィブリノゲン分解産物（Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分、Ｄ画分及びＥ画分）と各抗体とを反応させた後、ヤギ抗マウスイムノグロブリン抗体-sepharose 4Bで抗原抗体反応物を吸着した。該抗原抗体反応物を吸着したsepharose 4Bを洗浄液（10 mM NaPB(pH7.0)）で洗浄後、SDS電気泳動用試料希釈液（10%グリセロール、２% SDS、0.01% BPB含62.5mM Tris-HCl（pH6.8））にて結合抗原を遊離させた。遊離した抗原をSDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動後、転写用緩衝液（25 mMトリス、192 mMグリシン、0.02% SDS、20%メタノール（pH8.3））中で100V、１時間でPVDF膜（Bio-rad社）に転写した。転写したPVDF膜をブロッキング用緩衝液（５%スキムミルク含10 mM NaPB(pH7.0)）でブロッキングした後、５%スキムミルク含10 mM NaPB(pH7.0)で0.1 mg/mlに希釈したウサギ抗フィブリノーゲンポリクローナル抗体溶液に該PVDF膜を浸し、室温下３時間反応させた。PVDF膜を洗浄液で洗浄後、２%スキムミルク含10 mM NaPB(pH7.0)で500倍希釈したヤギ抗ウサギイムノグロブリン抗体標識POD（DAKO社）に該PVDF膜を浸し、室温下１時間反応させた。PVDF膜を洗浄液で洗浄後、4-クロロ-1-ナフトール/H2O2発色系（Bio-rad社）で発色させて抗原を検出した。結果を表１に示す。 After reacting fibrin degradation product (D dimer) and fibrinogen degradation product (X fraction, Y fraction, D fraction and E fraction) with each antibody, goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody-sepharose 4B is used as an antigen antibody. The reactant was adsorbed. After washing the sepharose 4B adsorbing the antigen-antibody reaction product with a washing solution (10 mM NaPB (pH 7.0)), a sample diluent for SDS electrophoresis (10% glycerol, 2% SDS, 0.01% BPB containing 62.5 mM Tris- The bound antigen was released with HCl (pH 6.8). After the released antigen was subjected to SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, it was transferred to a PVDF membrane (Bio-) at 100 V for 1 hour in a transfer buffer (25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, 0.02% SDS, 20% methanol (pH 8.3)). rad). After blocking the transferred PVDF membrane with a blocking buffer (10 mM NaPB (pH 7.0) containing 5% skim milk), diluted with 0.1 mM / ml with 10 mM NaPB (pH 7.0) containing 5% skim milk. The PVDF membrane was immersed in a fibrinogen polyclonal antibody solution and reacted at room temperature for 3 hours. After washing the PVDF membrane with a washing solution, the PVDF membrane is immersed in a goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin antibody labeled POD (DAKO) diluted 500 times with 10 mM NaPB (pH 7.0) containing 2% skim milk and allowed to react at room temperature for 1 hour. It was. After the PVDF membrane was washed with a washing solution, color was developed with a 4-chloro-1-naphthol / H 2 O 2 coloring system (Bio-rad) to detect the antigen. The results are shown in Table 1.
表１において「+」は抗体が画分に対して反応することを示し、「−」は抗体が画分に対して反応しないことを示し、「ｗ」は抗体が画分に対してわずかに反応することを示す。
表１から、DD-M1653抗体はＸ画分、Ｙ画分及びＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｄ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しないことがわかった。また、DD-M1039抗体及びDD-M46抗体はＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しないことがわかった。
In Table 1, “+” indicates that the antibody reacts with the fraction, “−” indicates that the antibody does not react with the fraction, and “w” indicates that the antibody slightly reacts with the fraction. Indicates a reaction.
From Table 1, it was found that DD-M1653 antibody reacts with X fraction, Y fraction and D dimer, but does not react with D fraction and E fraction. Moreover, although DD-M1039 antibody and DD-M46 antibody reacted with D dimer, it turned out that it does not react with X fraction, Y fraction, and E fraction.
２． Ｄダイマー測定用試薬及び試薬キットの製造
（１）Ｄダイマーの低分子画分及び高分子画分の調製
ヒトフィブリノゲン（「Human Fibrinogen Plasminogen Depleted」；Enzyme Research Lab社）を0.05 Mトリス緩衝液（pH 7.4）に6.62 mg/mlとなるよう溶解し、塩化カルシウム（最終濃度25 mM）、ヒトトロンビン（2 U/ml）及び第ＸＩＩＩ因子（最終濃度10μg/ml、フィブロガミンP；アベンティスファーマ社）を添加した。37℃で18時間反応させてフィブリノゲンをフィブリンに変換させた。
2. Production of reagent and reagent kit for D-dimer measurement (1) Preparation of low-molecular fraction and high-molecular fraction of D-dimer Human fibrinogen (“Human Fibrinogen Plasminogen Depleted”; Enzyme Research Lab) in 0.05 M Tris buffer (pH 7.4) dissolved to 6.62 mg / ml and added calcium chloride (
各反応液中に生じたフィブリン塊を約300mLの0.05Mトリス緩衝液中で撹拌することにより１時間程度洗浄した。洗浄したフィブリン塊をカッターナイフでほぐし、3.5 ml（高分子画分用）及び1.5 ml（低分子画分用）の0.05Mトリス緩衝液に再懸濁した。各懸濁液にプラスミンを終濃度25 mU/mlとなるように添加して、37℃で撹拌しながら反応させた。
0.75時間後、高分子画分用の反応液にアプロチニンを終濃度1000 U/mlになるように添加し、分解反応を停止した。これを５μmフィルターでろ過して、Ｄダイマーの高分子画分（フィブリンのプラスミン0.75時間消化物）を得た。また、プラスミンの添加から20時間後、低分子画分用の反応液にアプロチニンを終濃度1000 U/mlになるように添加し、分解反応を停止した。これを５μmフィルターでろ過して、Ｄダイマーの低分子画分（フィブリンのプラスミン20時間消化物）を得た。
The fibrin clot formed in each reaction solution was washed for about 1 hour by stirring in about 300 mL of 0.05 M Tris buffer. The washed fibrin clot was loosened with a cutter knife and resuspended in 0.05 ml (for high molecular fraction) and 1.5 ml (for low molecular fraction) 0.05 M Tris buffer. Plasmin was added to each suspension to a final concentration of 25 mU / ml and reacted at 37 ° C. with stirring.
After 0.75 hours, aprotinin was added to the reaction solution for the polymer fraction to a final concentration of 1000 U / ml to stop the decomposition reaction. This was filtered through a 5 μm filter to obtain a high molecular fraction of D-dimer (a fibrin plasmin 0.75 hour digest). Further, 20 hours after the addition of plasmin, aprotinin was added to the reaction solution for the low molecular fraction to a final concentration of 1000 U / ml to stop the decomposition reaction. This was filtered with a 5 μm filter to obtain a low-molecular fraction of D-dimer (fibrin plasmin 20-hour digest).
（２）Ｄダイマー測定用試薬の調製
（2-1）第１試薬の製造
各試薬を表２に示される終濃度となるように混合した緩衝液に、DD-M1653抗体を終濃度10μg/mlとなるように添加して混合した。得られた混合液について、１M水酸化ナトリウム水溶液でpHを7.1にした後、超純水で１リットルにメスアップすることにより、緩衝液を含む第１試薬を製造した。
(2) Preparation of D-dimer measurement reagent (2-1) Production of first reagent DD-M1653 antibody was added to a buffer solution in which each reagent was mixed to the final concentration shown in Table 2, and final concentration was 10 μg / ml. It added and mixed so that it might become. The obtained mixed solution was adjusted to pH 7.1 with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and then made up to 1 liter with ultrapure water to produce a first reagent containing a buffer solution.
（2-2）抗体を感作した担体粒子を含むＤダイマー測定用試薬の製造
（2-2-1）各抗体のF(ab')2化
（i）DD-M1653抗体のF(ab')2化
ペプシン（約3,500 unit/mg prot.）（SIGMA社）とDD-M1653抗体を重量比で1:20になるよう50 mMクエン酸緩衝液(pH3.7)中で混合し、37℃で１時間静置した。ここに３Mトリス溶液を添加してpHを8.0にして、混合溶液を得た。
AKTA prime plusシステム（GEヘルスケア社）に、Superdex 200pg（GEヘルスケア社）を充填したカラムをセットし、平衡化バッファー（3.3 mM 3,3-ジメチルグルタル酸含3.3 mMトリス（ヒドロキシメチル）アミノメタン）でカラムを平衡化した。
平衡化バッファーを流速１ml/分でカラムに流しながら、上記の混合溶液をゲルボリュームの1/100以下でアプライして、ただちにカラム溶出液の分取を開始した。ゲルボリュームの約1.5倍までの液量を採取し、得られた溶液の吸光度によってピークをまとめて回収した。回収した溶液の吸光度を測定して抗体濃度を算出した。
(2-2) Production of D-dimer measurement reagent containing antibody-sensitized carrier particles (2-2-1) F (ab ') 2 of each antibody (i) F (ab') of DD-M1653 antibody 2) Pepsin (approx. 3,500 unit / mg prot.) (SIGMA) and DD-M1653 antibody were mixed in 50 mM citrate buffer (pH 3.7) at a weight ratio of 1:20, and the temperature was 37 ° C. And left for 1 hour. A 3M Tris solution was added thereto to adjust the pH to 8.0 to obtain a mixed solution.
Set AKTA prime plus system (GE Healthcare) with a column packed with Superdex 200pg (GE Healthcare) and equilibration buffer (3.3 mM 3,3-dimethylglutaric acid-containing 3.3 mM Tris (hydroxymethyl) amino The column was equilibrated with methane.
While allowing the equilibration buffer to flow through the column at a flow rate of 1 ml / min, the above mixed solution was applied at 1/100 or less of the gel volume, and immediately, separation of the column eluate was started. The liquid volume up to about 1.5 times the gel volume was collected, and peaks were collected and collected according to the absorbance of the obtained solution. The antibody concentration was calculated by measuring the absorbance of the collected solution.
（ii）DD-M1039抗体のF(ab')2化
パパイン（約2.8 unit.）（SIGMA社）及びL-システインを、それぞれ終濃度２mg/ml、及び6.1 mg/mlとなるように0.1M 酢酸緩衝液（pH5.5）／３mM EDTA（以下、酢酸緩衝液という）に溶解した。これを37℃で30分間反応させた。反応液を限外ろ過用遠心チューブ（アミコンYM-5（カットオフ分子量10,000）相当；ミリポア社）により酢酸緩衝液置換した。得られた溶液の吸光度からパパイン濃度を求めた。この溶液にDD-M1039抗体を、パパイン重量が抗体の1/20となるように溶解した。そして、37℃で30分間反応させ、得られた反応液に終濃度30 mMとなるようヨードアセトアミドを添加した。
AKTA prime plusシステム（GEヘルスケア社）に、Superdex 200pg（GEヘルスケア社）を充填したカラムをセットし、平衡化バッファー（3.3 mM 3,3-ジメチルグルタル酸含3.3 mMトリス（ヒドロキシメチル）アミノメタン）でカラムを平衡化した。
平衡化バッファーを流速１ml/分でカラムに流しながら、上記の混合溶液をゲルボリュームの1/100以下でアプライして、ただちにカラム溶出液の分取を開始した。ゲルボリュームの約1.5倍までの液量を採取し、得られた溶液の吸光度によってピークをまとめて回収した。回収した溶液の吸光度を測定して抗体濃度を算出した。
(Ii) F (ab ') 2 conversion of DD-M1039 antibody Papain (about 2.8 unit.) (SIGMA) and L-cysteine were added in 0.1M so that the final concentrations were 2 mg / ml and 6.1 mg / ml, respectively. It was dissolved in acetate buffer (pH 5.5) / 3 mM EDTA (hereinafter referred to as acetate buffer). This was reacted at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was replaced with an acetic acid buffer solution by a centrifugal tube for ultrafiltration (equivalent to Amicon YM-5 (cut-off molecular weight 10,000); Millipore). The papain concentration was determined from the absorbance of the obtained solution. DD-M1039 antibody was dissolved in this solution so that the papain weight was 1/20 of the antibody. And it was made to react at 37 degreeC for 30 minute (s), and the iodoacetamide was added to the obtained reaction liquid so that it might become final concentration of 30 mM.
Set AKTA prime plus system (GE Healthcare) with a column packed with Superdex 200pg (GE Healthcare) and equilibration buffer (3.3 mM 3,3-dimethylglutaric acid-containing 3.3 mM Tris (hydroxymethyl) amino The column was equilibrated with methane.
While allowing the equilibration buffer to flow through the column at a flow rate of 1 ml / min, the above mixed solution was applied at 1/100 or less of the gel volume, and immediately, separation of the column eluate was started. The liquid volume up to about 1.5 times the gel volume was collected, and peaks were collected and collected according to the absorbance of the obtained solution. The antibody concentration was calculated by measuring the absorbance of the collected solution.
（iii）DD-M46抗体のF(ab')2化
DD-M46抗体のF(ab')2化は、DD-M1039抗体に代えてDD-M46抗体を用いたこと以外は上記の（ii）DD-M1039抗体のF(ab')2化において述べたことと同様にして行った。
(Iii) F-ab'2 conversion of DD-M46 antibody
F (ab ') 2 conversion of DD-M46 antibody was described in (ii) F (ab') 2 conversion of DD-M1039 antibody above except that DD-M46 antibody was used instead of DD-M1039 antibody. The same as that.
（2-2-2）各抗体のラテックス粒子への感作
（i）DD-M1653抗体のラテックス粒子への感作
F(ab')2化DD-M1653抗体の終濃度が1.25 mg/mlとなるように、50 mM 2-ヒドロキシ-3-モルホリノプロパンスルホン酸／150 mM NaCl溶液に混合した。そして、この混合液と25%（重量比）ラテックス溶液（粒径0.238μm；セキスイメディカル株式会社）とを混合した。
これに50 mM 2-ヒドロキシ-3-モルホリノプロパンスルホン酸／150 mM NaCl溶液／２%BSA溶液を等量加えて混合した後、10℃、38400×gで60分間遠心した。上澄みを除去し、沈殿に上澄みと等量の50 mM 2-ヒドロキシ-3-モルホリノプロパンスルホン酸／150 mM NaCl溶液／２%BSA／３%シュークロース溶液を添加した。
得られた混合液を、氷冷条件で超音波破砕機（大岳社製）を用いてソニケーションを行い、さらに、氷冷条件で超音波処理装置（Dr. Hielscher Gmbh UP-200S)を用いてソニケーションを実施しDD-M1653抗体を感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液を得た。
(2-2-2) Sensitization of each antibody to latex particles (i) Sensitization of DD-M1653 antibody to latex particles
The F (ab ′) 2 -DD-M1653 antibody was mixed in a 50 mM 2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid / 150 mM NaCl solution so that the final concentration of the DD-M1653 antibody was 1.25 mg / ml. Then, this mixed solution and a 25% (weight ratio) latex solution (particle size 0.238 μm; Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd.) were mixed.
An equal amount of 50 mM 2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid / 150 mM NaCl solution / 2% BSA solution was added and mixed with this, and then centrifuged at 10 ° C. and 38400 × g for 60 minutes. The supernatant was removed, and an equivalent amount of 50 mM 2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid / 150 mM NaCl solution / 2% BSA / 3% sucrose solution was added to the supernatant.
The resulting mixture is sonicated using an ultrasonic crusher (Otake Co., Ltd.) under ice-cooling conditions, and further using an ultrasonic treatment device (Dr. Hielscher Gmbh UP-200S) under ice-cooling conditions. After sonication, a suspension of latex particles sensitized with DD-M1653 antibody was obtained.
（ii）DD-M1039抗体のラテックス粒子への感作
F(ab')2化DD-M1039抗体の終濃度が1.25 mg/mlとなるように、50 mM 2-ヒドロキシ-3-モルホリノプロパンスルホン酸／150 mM NaCl溶液に混合した。以下、上記の（i）DD-M1653抗体のラテックス粒子への感作において述べたことと同様にして、DD-M1039抗体を感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液を得た。
(Ii) Sensitization of DD-M1039 antibody to latex particles
The F (ab ′) 2 -DD-M1039 antibody was mixed in a 50 mM 2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid / 150 mM NaCl solution so that the final concentration of the DD-M1039 antibody was 1.25 mg / ml. Thereafter, a suspension of latex particles sensitized with DD-M1039 antibody was obtained in the same manner as described in (i) Sensitization of DD-M1653 antibody to latex particles.
（iii）DD-M46抗体のラテックス粒子への感作
F(ab')2化DD-M46抗体の終濃度が1.56 mg/mlとなるように、50 mM 2-ヒドロキシ-3-モルホリノプロパンスルホン酸／150 mM NaCl溶液に混合した。以下、上記の（i）DD-M1653抗体のラテックス粒子への感作において述べたことと同様にして、DD-M46抗体を感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液を得た。
(Iii) Sensitization of DD-M46 antibody to latex particles
The F (ab ′) 2 -DD-M46 antibody was mixed in a 50 mM 2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid / 150 mM NaCl solution so that the final concentration of the DD-M46 antibody was 1.56 mg / ml. Thereafter, a suspension of latex particles sensitized with DD-M46 antibody was obtained in the same manner as described in (i) Sensitization of DD-M1653 antibody to latex particles.
（2-2-3）第２試薬の製造
DD-M1653抗体を感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液と、DD-M1039抗体又はDD-M46抗体を感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液とを混合することにより、２種類のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含むＤダイマー測定用試薬を得た。このＤダイマー測定用試薬を第２試薬として、以下の測定に用いた。
(2-2-3) Production of second reagent
Two types of monoclonal antibodies are sensitized by mixing a suspension of latex particles sensitized with DD-M1653 antibody and a suspension of latex particles sensitized with DD-M1039 antibody or DD-M46 antibody. A reagent for measuring D-dimer containing the obtained carrier particles was obtained. This D-dimer measurement reagent was used as the second reagent for the following measurements.
（３）ラテックス凝集法による各抗体のＤダイマーへの反応性の確認
DD-M1653抗体、DD-M1039抗体及びDD-M46抗体のフィブリン／フィブリノゲン分解産物に対する反応性の違いを、以下の手順によるラテックス凝集法により検討した。
上記（１）で調製したＤダイマーの低分子画分及び高分子画分をTBSTバッファーで100倍希釈して検体とした。各検体６μlと、上記（2-1）で調製した第１試薬84μlとを混合し、37℃で３分間反応させた。得られた反応液と、上記（2-2）で調製した各抗体をそれぞれ個別に感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液84μlとを混合して、ラテックス凝集反応を開始させた。反応開始から１分後及び２分後の波長800 nmにおける吸光度をCS-2000i（シスメックス株式会社）を用いて測定した。これらの測定結果から１分間あたりの吸光度の変化量を求めた。結果を図１に示す。
(3) Confirmation of reactivity of each antibody to D-dimer by latex agglutination method
Differences in reactivity of DD-M1653 antibody, DD-M1039 antibody and DD-M46 antibody to fibrin / fibrinogen degradation products were examined by latex agglutination according to the following procedure.
The low-molecular fraction and high-molecular fraction of D-dimer prepared in (1) above were diluted 100 times with TBST buffer to prepare a specimen. 6 μl of each specimen and 84 μl of the first reagent prepared in (2-1) above were mixed and reacted at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes. The obtained reaction solution was mixed with 84 μl of a suspension of latex particles individually sensitized with each antibody prepared in the above (2-2) to initiate a latex agglutination reaction. Absorbance at a wavelength of 800 nm after 1 minute and 2 minutes after the start of the reaction was measured using CS-2000i (Sysmex Corporation). The amount of change in absorbance per minute was determined from these measurement results. The results are shown in FIG.
図１より、DD-M1653抗体はＤダイマーの高分子画分及び低分子画分と反応することがわかった。また、DD-M1039抗体及びDD-M46抗体はＤダイマーの高分子画分と反応するが、Ｄダイマーの低分子画分との反応性はDD-M1653抗体とは異なり、これらの抗体はＤダイマーの低分子画分とDD-M1653抗体よりも弱く反応することがわかった。すなわち、DD-M1653抗体とDD-M1039抗体及びDD-M46抗体とは、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる抗体であることがわかる。
したがって、上記の（2-2）で製造したＤダイマー測定用試薬は、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む試薬である。
FIG. 1 shows that DD-M1653 antibody reacts with the high molecular fraction and low molecular fraction of D-dimer. DD-M1039 antibody and DD-M46 antibody react with the high molecular fraction of D-dimer, but the reactivity of D-dimer with low-molecular fraction is different from DD-M1653 antibody. Was found to react weakly with the low molecular weight fraction of DD-M1653. That is, it can be seen that the DD-M1653 antibody, the DD-M1039 antibody, and the DD-M46 antibody are antibodies having different reactivities to the D dimer.
Therefore, the reagent for measuring D-dimer produced in the above (2-2) is a reagent containing carrier particles sensitized with the first and second monoclonal antibodies different in reactivity to D-dimer.
３． 本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬のＤダイマーへの反応性の検討
上記の２．で製造した本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬を用いてＤダイマー標準品を測定した。
第１試薬は、上記の２．（2-1）で製造した試薬を用いた。第２試薬は、上記の２．（2-2）で製造した試薬を用いた。第２試薬における、各抗体をそれぞれ個別に感作したラテックス粒子の懸濁液の混合率（体積比）を、以下の表３に示す。なお、第２試薬における抗体の総量は、いずれの混合率の第２試薬においても同じである。
3. Examination of reactivity of D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention to D-dimer The D-dimer standard product was measured using the D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention produced in (1).
The first reagent is the above-mentioned 2. The reagent produced in (2-1) was used. The second reagent is the above-mentioned 2. The reagent produced in (2-2) was used. Table 3 below shows the mixing ratio (volume ratio) of the latex particle suspension in which each antibody was individually sensitized in the second reagent. The total amount of antibody in the second reagent is the same for the second reagent at any mixing ratio.
Ｄダイマー標準品ネオ（シスメックス株式会社）を希釈して濃度１μg/mlのＤダイマー溶液を調製した。この溶液を検体とした。検体６μlと第１試薬84μlとを混合し、37℃で３分間反応させた。得られた反応液と、実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜４の各第２試薬84μlとを混合して、ラテックス凝集反応を開始させた。反応開始から１分後及び２分後の波長800 nmにおける吸光度をCS-2000iを用いて測定した。これらの測定結果から１分間あたりの吸光度の変化量を求めた。結果を図２及び３に示す。
図２及び３より、実施例１〜６のＤダイマー測定試薬の方が、比較例の試薬よりもＤダイマーに対する反応性が高いことが分かった。
D-dimer standard product Neo (Sysmex Corporation) was diluted to prepare a D-dimer solution having a concentration of 1 μg / ml. This solution was used as a specimen. The sample 6 μl and the first reagent 84 μl were mixed and reacted at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes. The obtained reaction solution was mixed with 84 μl of each of the second reagents of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 to initiate a latex agglutination reaction. Absorbance at a wavelength of 800 nm 1 minute and 2 minutes after the start of the reaction was measured using CS-2000i. The amount of change in absorbance per minute was determined from these measurement results. The results are shown in FIGS.
2 and 3, it was found that the D-dimer measurement reagents of Examples 1 to 6 had higher reactivity with respect to D-dimer than the reagents of Comparative Examples.
４． 本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬の低濃度域におけるＤダイマー測定感度の検討
低濃度域におけるＤダイマー測定感度について、本発明のＤダイマー測定用試薬（実施例１）と従来の測定試薬（比較例１）とを比較した。
Ｄダイマー標準品ネオ（シスメックス株式会社）を希釈して濃度0.25μg/mlのＤダイマー溶液を調製した。この溶液を検体とした。検体６μlと試験例１の（2-1）で製造した第１試薬84μlとを混合し、37℃で３分間反応させた。得られた反応液と、実施例１及び比較例１の各第２試薬84μlとを混合して、ラテックス凝集反応を開始させた。反応開始から１分後及び２分後の波長800 nmにおける吸光度をCS-2000iを用いて測定した。これらの測定結果から１分間あたりの吸光度の変化量を求めた。また、Ｄダイマーを含まない検体（０μg/ml）についても同様にして測定した。各検体10サンプルずつについて、測定値の平均値（Mean）、標準誤差（SD）を算出した。また、平均値のばらつきの上限及び下限として、それぞれ平均値に標準誤差の２倍の値を加えた値（+2SD）及び引いた値（-2SD）を算出した。これらの結果を表４に示す。
4). Examination of D-dimer measurement sensitivity in the low concentration region of the D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention Regarding the D-dimer measurement sensitivity in the low concentration region, the D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention (Example 1) and the conventional measurement reagent (Comparative Example) 1) was compared.
D-dimer standard product Neo (Sysmex Corporation) was diluted to prepare a D-dimer solution having a concentration of 0.25 μg / ml. This solution was used as a specimen. 6 μl of the sample and 84 μl of the first reagent prepared in (2-1) of Test Example 1 were mixed and reacted at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes. The obtained reaction solution was mixed with 84 μl of each second reagent of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to initiate latex agglutination reaction. Absorbance at a wavelength of 800 nm 1 minute and 2 minutes after the start of the reaction was measured using CS-2000i. The amount of change in absorbance per minute was determined from these measurement results. Moreover, it measured similarly about the test substance (0 microgram / ml) which does not contain D dimer. The average value (Mean) and standard error (SD) of the measured values were calculated for 10 samples of each specimen. In addition, as an upper limit and a lower limit of the dispersion of the average value, a value (+ 2SD) obtained by adding a value twice the standard error to the average value (+ 2SD) and a subtraction value (-2SD) were calculated. These results are shown in Table 4.
実施例１の試薬では、０μg/mlの検体についての平均値+2SDの値よりも、0.25μg/mlの検体についての平均値−2SDの値の方が大きいことがわかる。これは、０μg/mlの検体の測定結果のばらつきの上限と、0.25μg/mlの検体の測定結果のばらつきの下限とが重ならないことを示す。
一方、比較例１の試薬では、０μg/mlの検体についての平均値+2SDの値よりも、0.25μg/mlの検体についての平均値−2SDの値の方が小さいことがわかる。これは、０μg/mlの検体の測定結果のばらつきの上限と、0.25μg/mlの検体の測定結果のばらつきの下限とが重なり得ることを示す。
したがって、実施例１の試薬では、Ｄダイマーを含まない検体と低濃度のＤダイマーを含む検体とを区別できるが、比較例１の試薬ではそのような区別はできないことが示唆される。
よって、本発明のＤダイマー測定試薬は低濃度域におけるＤダイマーを高感度に測定できることがわかる。
In the reagent of Example 1, it can be seen that the average value −2SD for the sample of 0.25 μg / ml is larger than the average value + 2SD for the sample of 0 μg / ml. This indicates that the upper limit of the variation in the measurement result of the 0 μg / ml sample and the lower limit of the variation in the measurement result of the 0.25 μg / ml sample do not overlap.
On the other hand, in the reagent of Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the average value−2SD for the sample of 0.25 μg / ml is smaller than the average value + 2SD for the sample of 0 μg / ml. This indicates that the upper limit of the variation in the measurement result of the 0 μg / ml sample and the lower limit of the variation in the measurement result of the 0.25 μg / ml sample can overlap.
Therefore, the reagent of Example 1 can distinguish between a specimen that does not contain a D dimer and a specimen that contains a low concentration of D dimer, but it is suggested that such a distinction cannot be made with the reagent of Comparative Example 1.
Therefore, it can be seen that the D-dimer measurement reagent of the present invention can measure D-dimer in a low concentration range with high sensitivity.
Claims (12)
Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体がＸ画分、Ｙ画分及びＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｄ画分及びＥ画分とは反応せず、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体がＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しない
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬。 A D-dimer measurement reagent for measuring D-dimer by aggregation of D-dimer and carrier particles,
Carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D-dimer but have different reactivity with D-dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody reacts with X fraction, Y fraction and D dimer, but does not react with D fraction and E fraction,
A reagent for measuring D dimer, wherein the second monoclonal antibody reacts with D dimer but does not react with X fraction, Y fraction and E fraction.
Ｄダイマーに反応するが、Ｄダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体が、受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９６８７として独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所に平成１６年２月１７日付けで寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体であり、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体が、受託番号ＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６８として独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構に寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体、または、受託番号ＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６９として独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構に寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体である
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬。 A D-dimer measurement reagent for measuring D-dimer by aggregation of D-dimer and carrier particles,
Carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D-dimer but have different reactivity with D-dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited on February 17, 2004 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the accession number FERM P-19687,
The second monoclonal antibody is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited with the Independent Administrative Institution Product Evaluation Technology Base Organization under the accession number NITE P-968, or the Independent Administrative Institution Product Evaluation Technology Base under the accession number NITE P-969. A reagent for measuring D-dimer, which is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited with the mechanism.
緩衝液を含む第１試薬と、Ｄダイマーに反応するがＤダイマーに対する反応性が互いに異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む第２試薬とを含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体がＸ画分、Ｙ画分及びＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｄ画分及びＥ画分とは反応せず、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体がＤダイマーとは反応するが、Ｘ画分、Ｙ画分及びＥ画分とは反応しない
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬キット。 A D-dimer measurement reagent kit for measuring D-dimer by aggregation of D-dimer and carrier particles,
A first reagent containing a buffer solution, and a second reagent containing carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D dimer but have different reactivities to D dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody reacts with X fraction, Y fraction and D dimer, but does not react with D fraction and E fraction,
A reagent kit for measuring D dimer, wherein the second monoclonal antibody reacts with D dimer but does not react with X fraction, Y fraction and E fraction.
緩衝液を含む第１試薬と、Ｄダイマーに反応するがＤダイマーに対する反応性の異なる第１及び第２のモノクローナル抗体を感作した担体粒子を含む第２試薬とを含み、
前記第１のモノクローナル抗体が、受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９６８７として独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所に平成１６年２月１７日付けで寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体であり、
前記第２のモノクローナル抗体が、受託番号ＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６８として独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構に寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体、または、受託番号ＮＩＴＥ Ｐ−９６９として独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構に寄託されたハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体である
ことを特徴とする、Ｄダイマー測定用試薬キット。 A D-dimer measurement reagent kit for measuring D-dimer by aggregation of D-dimer and carrier particles,
A first reagent containing a buffer solution, and a second reagent containing carrier particles sensitized with first and second monoclonal antibodies that react with D dimer but have different reactivity with D dimer,
The first monoclonal antibody is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited on February 17, 2004 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the accession number FERM P-19687,
The second monoclonal antibody is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited with the Independent Administrative Institution Product Evaluation Technology Base Organization under the accession number NITE P-968, or the Independent Administrative Institution Product Evaluation Technology Base under the accession number NITE P-969. A reagent kit for measuring D-dimer, which is an antibody produced by a hybridoma deposited with the mechanism.
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| CN102346192A (en) | 2012-02-08 |
| EP2413144A3 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
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| US20160231339A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
| EP2413144A2 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| EP2413144B1 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| ES2422203T3 (en) | 2013-09-09 |
| CN102346192B (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| US9347957B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
| JP2012026975A (en) | 2012-02-09 |
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